GENETIKA, Vol

GENETIKA, Vol. 25, No.2 (1993)

Zorica TOMIĆ, Gordana ŠURLAN-MOMIROVIĆ, Ivana RALEVIĆ and N. RALEVIĆ

DISCRIMINANT EFFECT OF SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYPLOID POPULATIONS OF THE SPECIES AGROSTIS STOLONIFERA L. [Abstract]

I. HUSIĆ, L. KOJIĆ, M. IVANOVIĆ and O. STOJNIĆ

GENETIC GAIN FROM SELECTION BASED ON S1 AND HS PROGENIES IN TWO EARLY MATURITY SYNTHETIC POPULATION OF MAIZE [Abstract]

S.P. SINGH and K.R. KHANNA

PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS FOR OPIUM AND SEED YIELD IN THE OPIUM POPPY (PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM L.) [Abstract]

B. JOVANOVIĆ, S. PRODANOVIĆ, Radojka MALETIĆ, Ž. NIKOLIĆ and I. STANČIĆ

GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC DIVERSITY AMONG TRIPLOID AND ANISOPLOID SUGAR BEET VARIETIES [Abstract]

Ljiljana VAPA, Dragana RADOVIĆ and Slađana KOH

ELECTROPHORETIC ANALYSIS OF HMW GLUTENINS IN WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) [Abstract]

Nevenka ALEKSIĆ

INFLUENCE OF PRAZIQUANTEL ON SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGE (SCE) IN HUMAN LYMPHOCYTE CULTURE [Abstract]

Snežana MLADENOVIĆ DRINIĆ and Kosana KONSTANTINOV

RFLP: A BENEFIT FOR BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH IN AGRICULTURE [Abstract]

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 25, No.2 (1993), pp. 97-107

Serbia

UDC 575.1

Original scientific paper

DISCRIMINANT EFFECT OF SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYPLOID POPULATIONS OF THE SPECIES AGROSTIS STOLONIFERA L.

Zorica TOMIĆ¹, Gordana ŠURLAN-MOMIROVIĆ², Ivana RALEVIĆ² and N. RALEVIĆ²

¹Institute for Forage Crops, 37000 Kruševac

²Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11080 Zemun-Belgrade, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Tomić Z., G. Šurlan-Momirović, I. Ralević and N. Ralević (1993): Discriminant effect of some characteristics of polyploid populations of the species Agrostis stolonifera L. - Genetika, Vol. 25, No. 2, 97 -107.

In this research nine autochthonous populations of the species Agrostis stolonifera L. were collected from nine locations of a narrow Serbian region. The plants were collected from various habitats: valley meadows, hilly meadows and mountain meadows and pastures. The populations of the species A. stolonifera L. exhibit three levels of polyploidness: diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid (Tutin,1980). The effect of the eight most important characteristics of the species A. stolonifera L. from nine populations was examined. Using the methods of multivariate statistical analysis.

The results of the classification obtained according to the linear discriminant functions expressed very slight differences between the real and evaluated groups. In the first population, from the valley meadow (location of the Cerovac flood plain, near S. Palanka, which is diploid) 80% of the plants were really typical for that group, according to all the eight analyzed characters, whereas 10% of the plants tended to wards the analyzed characteristics from the hilly meadow on mountain Zlatibor, which was tetraploid. This population was the most heterogenous because there were only 67% of the plants typically belonging to it. The hexaploid populations from Jastrebac mountain and from Sjenica were 100% identical, considering all the eight characters examined.

According to the analysis of expropriating excessive plant characters for discriminating populations, it may be concluded that the eight characters can be reduced to only four with more than 90% reliability. The traits which mostly influenced the characterization of the populations were: plant height, length of the second leaf, length of the first leaf and number of branches. The isolation of properties with no important influence on characterization of the population, caused a reduction of the multidimensional distant by less than 10%, but its value still remained significant (T = 18.442**).

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 25, No.2 (1993), pp. 109-117

Serbia

UDC 575.2: 635.15

Original scientific paper

GENETIC GAIN FROM SELECTION BASED ON S1 AND HS PROGENIES IN TWO EARLY MATURITY SYNTHETIC POPULATION OF MAIZE

I. HUSIĆ, L. KOJIĆ, M. IVANOVIĆ and O. STOJNIĆ

Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", 11080 Belgrade-Zemun Yugoslavia

Abstract

Husić, I., L. Kojić, M. Ivanović and O. Stojnić (1993): Genetic gain from selection based on S1 and HS progenies in two early maturity synthetic populations of maize – Genetika, Vol. 25, No. 2, 109 - 117.

Statistical biometrical parameters, obtained by analysis of variance according to the Nested design-Random model, were used for estimation of expected genetic gain from selection based on S1 and HS progeny in two early maturity synthetic populations of maize. The results obtained confirmed the efficiency of recurrent selection of S1 progeny for increase of grain yield per se (the expected genetic gain per cycle of selection amounted to 9.4-15.1%), and also the efficiency of recurrent selection of HS progeny for increase of combining abilities of populations (expected genetic gain per cycle of selection ranged from 2.5 to 4.3%). It is preferable to combine the investigated methods according to a certain concept in a long-term maize breeding program.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 25, No.2 (1993), pp. 119-128

Serbia

UDC 575.2

Original scientific paper

PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS FOR OPIUM AND SEED YIELD IN THE OPIUM POPPY (PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM L.)

S.P. SINGH and K. R. KHANNA

Department of Plant Breeding National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India

Abstract

Singh, S. P. and K. R. Khanna, (1993): Path coefficient analysis for opium and seed yield in the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) - Genetika, Vol. 25, No. 119 -128.

The correlations and path coefficient were analysed in the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) for seed yield, opium yield, oil content and six other quantitative characters. Opium yield and seed yield were positively associated with capsules/plant, capsule size and leaves/plant and negatively with days to flower and plant height. A positive correlation of seed yield with opium yield, branches/plant, capsules/plant and oil content was also noticed. Capsules/plant had a positive and significant correlation with branches/plant and a negative and significant correlation with capsule size. Path coefficient analysis indicated that leaves/plant had a very high direct effect on opium yield (6.6200) followed by seed yield (5.116), capsule size (4.909) and capsules/plant (0.909). Plant height (1.2893) followed by capsules/plant (1.2006), opium yield (0.9283), oil content (0.5456) and capsule size (0.350) showed a high direct path towards seed yield. Considering the major contributors, a multiple selection index of medium maturity and plant height more capsules with large size, more leaves/plant and seed yield should be considered to enhance the opium and seed yield.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 25, No.2 (1993), pp. 129-135

Serbia

UDC 575.1: 633.83

Original scientific paper

GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC DIVERSITY AMONG TRIPLOID AND ANISOPLOID SUGAR BEET VARIETIES

B. JOVANOVIĆ¹, S. PRODANOVIĆ¹, Radojka MALETIĆ¹, Ž. NIKOLIĆ² and I. STANČIĆ²

¹Faculty of Agriculture, 11080 Zemun, Yugoslavia

²The sugar Beet Institute, 18220 Aleksinac, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Jovanović B., S. Prodanović, R. Maletić, Ž. Nikolić, and I. Stančić (1993): Genetic and phenotypic diversity among triploid and anisoploid sugar beet varieties. - Genetika, Vol. 25, No. 2, 129 - 135.

Twelve genetically different sugar beet hybrids (triploids and anisoploids) were investigated in a four year trial, at seven to ten locations. Ten characters of these hybrids were determined: sugar content, exploitability of the sugar, sugar in melasses, coefficient (Q) of thick juice, content of K, Na, a-amino N, root yield, yield of polarized sugar and yield of crystalline sugar. On the basis of these multivariate data a hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted. Four groups of phenotypically similar varieties were found. Clustering was according to variety type and level of ploidy. Sugar beet cultivars from different clusters were genetically diverse in productivity and quality, so that crosses among the parental forms of varieties belonging to different clusters could result in an association of agronomically important characters in some new hybrids. This analysis could be useful in the choice of a small number of highly divergent entries for planning future sugar beet breeding programs.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 25, No.2 (1993), pp. 137-143

Serbia

UDC 575.1:633.11

Original scientific paper

ELECTROPHORETIC ANALYSIS OF HMW GLUTENINS IN WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)

Ljiljana VAPA, Dragana RADOVIĆ and Slađana KOH

Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Vapa Lj. D. Radović, and S. Koh (1993): Electrophoretic analysis of HMW glutenins in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). - Genetika, Vol. 25, No. 2, 137-143.

The genetic variability of high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunits of winter wheat was studied by the method of sodium dodecyl sulfate polycrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS - PAGE). A total of 17 cultivars originated in Novi Sad, and 13 cultivars in Kragujevac. The combinations of HMW glutenin subunits 2*, 7+9, 5 + 10 were found to be characteristic of the Novi Sad cultivars, while 2*, 14+15,5+10, as well as 1, 20, 2+12 were characteristic of the cultivars from Kragujevac.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 25, No.2 (1993), pp. 145-150

Serbia

UDC 575

Original scientific paper

INFLUENCE OF PRAZIQUANTEL ON SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGE (SCE) IN HUMAN LYMPHOCYTE CULTURE

Nevenka ALEKSIĆ

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade,Yugoslavia

Abstract

Aleksić N. (1993): Influence of praziquantel on sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in human lymphocyte culture. - Genetika, Vol. 25, No. 2, 145-150.

The anthelmintic paraziquantel has been frequently investigated for its genotoxicity because of its wide use both in human and veterinary medicine. We tested its ability to induce sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in human lymphocyte culture, in concentrations 2.84 - 45.44/μg/ml medium. The highest concentrations, 22.72 and 45.44 μg/ml, caused mitotic arrest. The lower concentrations of praziquantel significantly increased the SCE frequency. There was no significant difference between the effects of doses of 2.84, 5.68 and 11.36 mg/ml.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 25, No.2 (1993), pp. 151-175

Serbia

UDC 576.3

Review article

RFLP: A BENEFIT FOR BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH IN AGRICULTURE

Snežana MLADENOVIĆ DRINIĆ and Kosana KONSTANTINOV

Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", 11080 Zemun, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Drinić Mladenović, S. and K. Konstantinov (1993): RFLP: A benefit for basic and applied research in agriculture. - Genetika, Vol. 25, No. 2, 151 - 175.

The new class of genetic marker, called restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), allows determination of genome organization and function in higher plants. This polymorphism is a consequence of inheritable changes at the level of DNA, which results in a new genome structure. Changes could be fixed both in repetitive and unique parts of the genome and determined by the use of different known gene sequences as the probes. Basic genetic information on genome organization will be of value in determining differences among species, varieties, self-pollinate lines and populations, used in plant breeding. Moreover, identification and location of genes, gene expression and linkages of genes would provide supporting information for the classic breeding programs. RFLP as a genetic marker has several advantages compared to conventional markers: lack of dominance, multiple allelic forms, absence of pleiotropic effects on economic traits, no effect on phenotype and inheritance in a Mendelian fashion. This paper considers the main aspects of the benefit for agriculture from the application of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technology in plant breeding.

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