Predsedništvo/Chairmanship

Desimir Knežević, Nevena Djukić, Veselinka Zečević, Danica Mićanović, Gordana Šurlan-Momirović, Dušan Urošević, Gordana Branković and Srdjan Jordačijević:

Genetic analysis of plant height and grain mass per spike in wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Dragana Obreht, Srbislav Denčić, Borislav Kobiljski, Mihajla Đan and Ljiljana Vapa:

Evaluation of baking quality in wheat using microsatellites

Dejan Dodig, Saša Stanković, Slađana Milićević-Nikodijević and Miroslava Jović:

Newly registered small grains cultivars from Zajecar

NevenaĐukić, Desimir Knežević and Veselinka Zečević:

Genetic determination of technological quality of Triticum durum

Jadranka Luković and Marija Kraljević-Balalić:

An analysis of spike morphological characteristics of different ploidity levels of wheat

Jadranka Luković, Lana Krstić, Biljana Kiprovski and Miroslava Kodranov:

An influence of ploidity levels on the structural caracteristics of wheat rachis

Ankica Kondić-Špika, Nikola Hristov and Borislav Kobiljski:

In vitro screening for low temperature tolerance of wheat genotypes

Milomirka Madić, Desimir Knežević and Aleksandar Paunović:

Variability and inheritance of the tillering in barley hybrids

Aleksandar S. Paunović, Milomirka Madić and Desimir Knežević:

Genotype variations in grain yield of spring barley depending on sowing density

Dušan Urošević, Danica Mićanović, Veselinka Zečević and Desimir Knežević:

Properties of new winter two-row barley cultivar ²grom²

Kamishev Konstantin:

Dani – new Bulgarian rice variety

Jelena Srdić and Zorica Pajić:

Inheritance and corelation of the traits in maize inbred lines

Vojka Babić, Milosav Babić, Mile Ivanović and Marija Kraljević-Balalić:

Specific interactions in maize yield trials

Milosav Babić, Vojka Babić, Nenad Delić, Goran Stanković and Goran Drinić:

Interaction in multi-environment trials

Mile Sečanski and Tomislav Živanović:

Combining abilities of earl length of silage maize

Nebojša Deletić, Slaviša Stojković and Vladan Đurić:

The effect of yield components to grain yield in different maize recurrent selection cycles

A. Radojčić, Goran Drinić and Snežana Drinić Mladenović:

Combining ability for grain yield among six maize inbred lines

Jelena Vančetović, Snežana Mladenović Drinić, Dragana Ignjatović-Micić and Dušan Stanisavljević:

White dent population „Beli rani brzak“ from the Yugoslav variety collection carries the Ga gene

Milomir Filipović, Snežana Mladenović Drinić and Milena Simić:

Performance of medium early maturity maize hybrids of different kernel types under various growing conditions

Zorica Pajić, Jelena Srdić and Milomir Filipović:

The relation between yielding and the popping volume of the popping maize hybrids (Zea mays L. everta)

Milorad Perčić, Jadranka Luković and Ivana Maksimović:

Structural response of sugar beet leaf tissues to short-term water deficiency

Nikola Čačić, Snežana Mezei, Lazar Kovačev, Nevena Nagl and Milorad Rajić:

application of in vitro techniques in maintaining father component of triploid hybrid sugar beet variety

Živko Ćurčić and Lazar Kovačev:

Combining ability for root yield and sugar content of sugar beet

Nastasija Mrkovački, Snežana Mezei, Nikola Čačić and Lazar Kovačev:

How to increase sugarbeet yielding potential using NS-Betafixin

Snežana Mezei, Lazar Kovačev, Nikola Čačić, Nevena Nagl and Željka Stojaković:

maintaining the pollinator of variety Lara by recurrent selection

Jovanka Atlagić, Ana Marjanović-Jeromela and Radovan Marinković:

Cytogenetic studies of cytoplasmatic male sterility in rapeseed

Sanja Kereši, Marija Kraljević-Balalić, Đorđe Malenčić and Jegor Miladinović:

Genetic divergence of soybean (Glycine max L.) genotypes in phenols content

Vesna Perić, Iva Erić, Snežana Drinić-Mladenović and Mirjana Srebrić:

Genetic diversity of soybean parental lines and seed yield of their progeny

Radovan Sabovljević, Vladan Plazinić, Srđan Anđelović and Milorad Rošulj:

The effect of ecological condition on correlation of morphologic-productive characteristic of three cultivars of soy-bean

Galina Antonova, Vesselina Nikolova, Valentina Petkova and Nasya Tomlekova:

Chemical mutagenesis in head cabbage Brassica oleracea var capitata L. І. Survival and variability of properties from morphological characteristic of M₁generation

Vesselina Nikolova, Antonova Galina, Nasya Tomlekova and Valentina Petkova:

Chemical mutagenesis in head cabbage Brassica oleracea var capitata L. ІІІ. Effect of ethyl methane sulphonate on mycosporogenesis and pollen fertility

Nasya Tomlekova, Vesselina Nikolova, Valentina Petkova and Galina Antonova:

Chemical mutagenesis in head cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata L. IV. DNA polymorphism

Radovan Marinković, Dragan Škorić and Ana Marjanović-Jeromela:

Nena – winter oilseed rape variety

Ana Marjanović-Jeromela, Radovan Marinković and Dragana Miladinović:

Combining abilities of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) lines

Igor Balalić, Nenad Dušanić and Jovan Crnobarac:

Grain and oil yields of sunflower depending on planting date

Jovanka Atlagić and Sreten Terzić:

Cytogenetic study of hexaploid species Helianthus tuberosus and its F₁ and BC₁F₁ hybrids with cultivated sunflower, H. annuus

Sreten Terzić, Jovanka Atlagić and Dejana Panković:

Characterization of F₁ interspecific hybrids between wild Helianthus annuus L. populations and cultivated sunflower

Radovan Marinković, Dejan Jovanović and Ana Marjanović – Jeromela:

Genetics of head diameter and 1000-seed weight: heritability, number of affecting factors and correlations

Emiliya Nacheva:

Evaluation of the productivity components in potato breeding materials

Dejan Cvikić, Bogoljub Zečević, Nenad Pavlović and Slaven Prodanović:

Implementation of mutants (nor and rin genes) for tomato (Licopersicon esculentum Mill.) breeding

Velichka Todorova and Galina Pevicharova:

Rubin - new pepper variety for grinding

Todor Tudžarov:

Market value of new experimental hybrids of peppers

Nenad Pavlović, Dejan Cvikić, Milan Zdravković, Radiša Đorđević and Slaven Prodanović:

Variability and heritability coefficient of average dry matter content in onion (Allium cepa L.) bulb

Radiša Đorđević, Bogoljub Zečević, Jelena Damnjanović, Nenad Pavlović and Milan Zdravković:

The effect of afila gene on first pod height of pea Pisum sativum L.

Jelica Gvozdanović-Varga, Mirjana Vasić and Janko Červenski:

Combinining ability for fruit weight in watermelon

Dejan Sokolović, Jasmina Radović, Zoran Lugić, Zorica Tomić and Snežana Babić:

Seed yield components of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) populations

Jasmina Radović, Zoran Lugić, Goran Jevtić and Ratibor Štrbanović:

Genetic variability for component of seed production of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

Olivera Ilić and Dragan Đukić:

Corellations between yield components of alfalfa

Sanja Vasiljević, Aleksandar Mikić, Vojislav Mihailović, Slobodan Katić, Zoran Lugić, Gordana Šurlan-Momirović, Tomislav Živanović, Dragan Milić and Imre Pataki:

Characteristics of domestic cultivars of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) according to upov protocol

Vojislav Mihailović, Aleksandar Mikić, Slobodan Katić, Đura Karagić, Pero Erić and Branko Ćupina:

Effect of morphological characteristics on yield of grain in feed pea (Pisum sativum L.)

Vladanka Mikić, Jasmina Radović, Zoran Lugić and Dragi Lazarević:

Correlations between the components of green forage in lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) depending on year of life

Slavica Čolić, Gordan Zec, Dejan Marinković and Snežana Đurović:

Morphological and pomological traits variability of almond genotypes from slankamen hill population

Milisav Mitrović, Rade Miletić, Milan Rakićević, Miladin Blagojević and Ivana Glisić:

Biological and pomological properties of some natural population walnut selections

Milisav Mitrović, Rade Miletić, Milan Rakićević, Miladin Blagojević and Žaklina Karaklajić-

Stajić:

The study of populations of wild and turkish hazelnut and their clonal selection

Milica Fotirić, Dragan Nikolić and Vera Rakonjac:

Variability components and heritability of pomological and chemical characteristics in sour cherry clones of cultivar Montmorency

Gordan Zec, Slavica Čolić, Dejan Marinković and Zoran Janković:

Parent genotype influence to leaf curl Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul. susceptibility of hybrid vineyard peach seedlings

Biljana Markovska, Zvonimir Božinović, Srebra Ilić-Popova and Violeta Dimovska:

Investigation of pollen germination, meiosis and degree of fecundation at some cultivars of grapevine

Nataša Nikolić, Andrej Pilipović, Slobodanka Pajević, Borivoj Krstić and Saša Orlović:

Lead effect upon nitrogen metabolism and biomass production of poplar clones (Populus sp.)

Slobodanka Pajević, Nataša Nikolić, Andrej Pilipović, Borivoj Krstić and Saša Orlović:

The photosynthetic characteristics of poplar clones (Populus sp.) as related to lead contamination

Saša Orlović, Slobodanka Pajević, Bojana Klašnja, Zoran Galić and Andrej Pilipović:

Variability of physiological and growth characteristics of white willow (salix alba l.) clones

Radmila Knežević and Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić:

Phenotype individual selection of the European plane at the sites of Belgrade

Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić, Jelena Milovanović, Vladan Ivetić and Radmila Knežević:

Comparative beech different provenances development analysis in the juvenile phase

Saša Orlović, Andrej Pilipović, Zoran Galić, Petar Ivanišević and Nenad Radosavljević:

Results of poplar clone testing in field experiments

Mihailo Tošić:

New ornamental cultivar of yellow-leaf beech (Fagus silvatica L. 'Luteofolia')

Mihailo Tošić and Biljana Nikolić:

Morpho-physiological characters of pollen of pyramidal fir (Abies аlba MILL. var. elegantissima TOŠIĆ)

Mihailo Tošić:

New ornamental cultivar of Scots pine (Pinus silvestris L. 'Variegata')

Breeding of Microorganisms

Jelena Lević, Slavica Stanković, Dragica Ivanović, Radivoje Jevtić, Vesna Krnjaja and Aleksa Obradović:

National collections of microorganisms important for agriculture

Milica Nikolić, Branko Jovčić, Katarina Veljović, Nataša Golić and Ljubiša Topisirović:

Examination of auto-aggregation ability within lactic acid bacteria (LAB)

Miloš Busarčević, Jelena Lozo, Đorđe Fira, Nataša Golić and Ljubiša Topisirović:

Lactobacilli as a source of new antimicrobial substances

Maja Tolinački, Ivana Strahinić, Jelena Begović, Milan Kojić and Ljubiša Topisirović:

Criptic plasmids as important tools for genetic manipulation of lactic acid bacteria

Animal Breeding

Branislav Miščević, Ratko Lazarević, Milan Petrović, Stevica Aleksić, Slavko Josipović, Petar Radetić, Vladimir Pantelić and Dušica Ostojić:

The effect of crossing on demostration of heterosis in beef meat production

Slavica Košarčić, Mira Kovačević and Dušan Košarčić:

Changes in karyotype of domestic animals detected on farms in Vojvodina and their influence on reproduction

Wolfgang Tomek and Tatjana Smiljaković:

The phosphorylation stages of 4E-BP1 during the IVM of the bovine oocytes

Mića Mladenović, Nebojša Nedić and Slađan Rašić:

Selection of honey bee in Serbia

Biotechnology

Ljubiša Topisirović:

The role of molecular biotechnology in breeding

Dejana Saftić-Panković:

The application of molecular markers in sunflower breeding

Borislav Kobiljski, Srbislav Denčić and Jelena Pilipović:

Molecular screening of SCG varieties and advanced lines for allelic variants at the dwarfing gene RHT8 locus in wheat

Milka Brdar, Marija Kraljević-Balalić, Ivana Maksimović and Borislav Kobiljski:

Boron tolerance in NS wheat lines

Jelena Srdić, Snežana Mladenović-Drinić and Zorica Pajić:

Characterisation of maize inbred lines based on molecular markers, heterosis and pedigree data

Dragana Ignjatović-Micić, Ana Nikolić, Snežana Mladenović Drinić, Jelena Vančetović and Vesna Lazić-Jančić:

Identification of sterile cytoplasm (CMS) in maize by using specific MTDNA primers

Velichka Rodeva, Stanislava Grozeva and Velichka Todorova:

In vitro answer of bulgarian pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) varieties

Slađana Marić, Radovan Bošković and Milan Lukić:

The polymorphism of ETR1 gene in autochthonous apple cultivars

Vladislava Galović, Snežana Mladenović Drinić, Julijana Navalušić and Marija Zlokolica:

Characterization methods and fingerprinting of agronomicaly important crop species

Ksenija Taški-Ajduković, Mirjana Milošević, Zorica Nikolić and Milka Vujaković:

Polymerase chain reaction methods (PCR) in agrobiotechnology

Zorana Kotaranin and Borislav Kobiljski:

Allelic polymorphism in domestic wheat genotypes using 4 microsatellite markers

Dragana Kačavenda and Borislav Kobiljski:

Detection of allelic variability at wheat loci associated with resistance to Fusarium ssp. using molecular markers – microsatellites

Nevena Mitić, Dejan Dodig and Radomirka Nikolić:

Variability of in vitro culture response in wheat genotypes, genotype and environmental effects

Branka Ljevnaić, Ankica Kondić-Špika, Borislav Kobiljski and Srbislav Denčić:

Androgenous ability of heterozygous wheat genotypes and cytological characteristics of green regenerants

OlgicaGrujić, Jelena Pejin and NovoPržulj:

Investigation of winter brewer’s barley varieties from selective experiments crop 2004 as a raw material for malt production

Snežana Drinić Mladenović, Dragana Ignjatović Micić, Ana Nikolić and Kosana Konstantinov:

Genetic characterization of different plant species by proteins markers

Ana Nikolić, Snežana Mladenović Drinić and Dragana Micić-Ignjatović:

Comparasion of similarity coefficients based on RAPD markers in soybean

Nevena Nagl, Ivana Čabarkapa, Snežana Mezei and Lazar Kovačev:

Regeneration of sugar beet from cotyledons and hypocotyl in in vitro conditions

Dragana Miladinović, Ana Marjanović Jeromela and Radovan Marinković:

Rapeseed tissue culture and genetic transformations

Dejana Saftić-Panković, Branislava Rakić, Ana Marjanović-Jeromela and Radovan Marinković:

The application of pcr markers in the investigation of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) winter survival

Zorica Nikolić, Mirjana Vasić, Mirjana Milošević, Ksenija Taški-Ajduković, Milka Vujaković and Jelica Gvozdanović-Varga:

Characterization of bean varieties on the basis of protein markers

Ljiljana Tubić, Snežana Zdravković-Korać, Dušica Ćalić, Ivana Dragićević and Branka Vinterhalter: Flowering and seed production in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) in vitro

Nasya Tomlekova, Bistra Atanasova, Emilia Nacheva and Velichka Todorova:

DNA fingerprinting of crop species from Solanaceae

Tatjana Lazić and Đurđina Ružić:

Adventitious organogenesis in vitro from the leaf of blackberry cv Čačanska bestrna

Dušica Ćalić, Snežana Zdravković-Korać, Ljiljana Radojević and Branka Vinterhalter:

Maturation of horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) androgenic embryos

Miroslava V. Veličković:

Are horse chestnut compound leaves sensitive to environmental stress (pollution)?

Radomirka Nikolić, Nevena Mitić and Slavica Ninković:

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Lotus corniculatus L. using a "super-binary" vector and direct regeneration of cotyledonary explants

Slađana Jevremović, Milana Trifunović, Marija Nikolić, Angelina Subotić and Ljiljana Radojević:

Variations of chrysanthemum flower color after long term micropropagation

Seed Production

Mirjana Milošević and Milka Vujaković:

Situation and perspectives of seed science in Serbia

Desimir Knežević, NevenaĐukić, Veselinka Zečević, Danica Mićanović, Aleksandar Paunović and Milomirka Madić:

Seed – source of variability and identity of plant species

Mladen Mirić:

New methodological parameters in seed production

Slobodanka Sredojević, Vesna Dragičević, Marija Milivojević, Mirjana Srebrić, Petar Piper and Miroslav Vrvić:

The free energy status in wheat with different germination ability

Milovan Pavlov, Predrag Jovin and Lana Đukanović:

Possibilities of the ZP maize hybrid seed production for the national trade and export

Božana Aćimović, Radovan Sabovljević, Divna Marković Simić, Đorđe Goranović and Sandra Milosavljević:

The effect of shape and size of seed of corn on variability and correlation of changes during germination

Jela Ikanović, Radovan Sabovljević, Đorđe Goranović, Marija Davidović and Dobrivoje Poštić:

The effect of temperature on variability and correlation of changies during seed germination of corn sugar seed

Branko Marinković and Jovan Crnobarac:

Importance of stand density, inter row spacing, “mother” and “father” row distance in corn seed production

Ljubiša Stanisavljević and Željko Tomanović:

Production of alfalfa seed by use of leaf-cutting bee Megachile rotundata (Fab.) (Hymenoptera: Megahilidae) in Serbia

Radovan Sabovljević, Radosav Jevđović, Marija Davidović, Đorđe Goranović and Divna Marković Simić:

Effects of temperature on correlation between seed-mass, germination and emerging of five species of medicinal plants

Nikolay Dimitrov Panayotov:

Influence of leaf fertilizer masterbland on the yield and quality of pepper seeds

Zoran Ilić, Ljubomir Šunić, Lidija Milenković and Jelica Gvozdanović-Varga:

Influence of sowing date on seed yield and quality in onion (Allium cepa L.) by production «seed to seed» method

Zlatoljupka Stanković, Divna Marković Simić, Radovan Sabovljević, Đorđe Goranović and Sandra Milosavljević:

The effect of temperature on seed fraction germination of tobacco cultivar Gilansa Yaka

Mladen Mirić, Dragojlo Selaković, Predrag Jovin and Zdravko Hojka:

1000-seed weight in the theory and practice

Lazar Panković and Gojko Mladenović:

The small grains seed production on changing climate condition

Gojko Mladenović and Lazar Panković:

Seed production of Novi Sad small grains cultivars during the period 1995-2005. years

Predrag Jovin, Milovan Pavlov, Lana Đukanović, Dragiša Lopandić, Zdravko Hojka and Đalović Ivica:

Effects of the sowing density on тhe yield and the number of seeds in seed maize

Ljubića Prijić, Branka Kresović, Mioljub Mišović and Mile Sečanski:

Drying process and maize seed germination

Lidija Stefanović and Milena Simić:

The response of parental components of ZP maize hybrids to herbicide effects

Dragiša Lopandić, Jovo Stojčić, Slavko Radanović and Josif Dubovina:

ZP maize hybrid seed production in the republic of srpska: state and possibilities

Milka Vujaković, Mirjana Milošević, Zorica Nikolić and Ksenija Taški-Ajduković:

Effects of irrigation on germination and vigor of soybean seed (Glycine max. (L.) Merr.)

Srđan Anđelović, Radovan Sabovljević, Vladan Plazinić and Milorad Rošulj:

The effect of density of seed crops on variability components of fertile seed at three cultivar of soy-bean

Mirjana Srebrić, Ljubiša Prijić and Irina Božović:

Lana – soybean (Glycine max L.) variety lacking kunitz-trypsin inhibitor

Živoslav Marković, Jasmina Zdravković, Bogoljub Zečević, Mirjana Mijatović i Željko Radošević:

Jasmin crveni – new variety of cherry tomato

Dejan Cvikić, Bogoljub Zečević, Nenad Pavlović and Radiša Đorđević:

Mona F₁– new pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) hybrid in the Centre for Vegetable Crops

Milan Zdravković, Jasmina Zdravković, Vesna Todorović, Nenad Pavlović and Dejan Cvikić:

The research of quality and germination of bean - french bean seed

Mirjana Vasić, Jelica Gvozdanović-Varga and Adam Takač:

A comparative description of dry bean cultivars using ipgr and UPOV descriptors

Radiša Đorđević, Bogoljub Zečević, Dejan Cvikić, Jelena Damnjanović and Milan Damjanović:

Gorostas – medium early pea (Pisum sativum L.) variety in the Centre for Vegetable Crops

Radovan Sabovljević, Dobrivoja Poštić and Predrag Jovanić:

Correlation between changes during tubers germination of potato seed of different origin

Ljubomir Šunić, Zoran Ilić and Mihal Đurovka:

Seed production in onion as influenced by dates of bulb plating

Jasmina Zdravković, Ljiljana Stanković, Vesna Todorović, Nenad Pavlović and Milan Zdravković:

Seed yield of lettuce in different sawing periods

Radovan Sabovljević, Zlatoljupka Stanković, Borivoje Petrović, Đorđe Goranović, Dragan Biserčić and Saša Petrović:

The effect of some treatment in proceeding on beet root seed characteristics

Dragoljub Beković:

The effect of inter- row distance and environmental conditions on alfalfa seed yield of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

Lana Đukanović, Marija Milivojević, Jasna Vujinović and Batrić Radenović:

Seed longevity of fodder galega (Galega orientalis Lam.)

Batrić Radenović:

Ten years of planting fodder galega voriety yu margarita, MAG1/97 in Serbia and Montenegro

Vesna Vujačić and Marija Bodroža-Solarov:

Seed chemical properties of the introduced species of Amaranthus spp.

Gordan Zec, Slavica Čolić, Dejan Marinković, Dragan Nikolić and Zoran Janković:

Variability of vineyard peach tree traits

Vasilije Isajev and Vladan Ivetić:

Genetically-physiologically fundaments of broadleaved seed dormancy

Vladan Ivetić and Vasilije Isajev:

Improvement of seed germination of Fagus moesiaca /domin, maly/ czeczott

Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić, Jelena Milovanović and Dragica Vilotić:

Seed morphological traits variability of different ginkgo stems from belgrade green areas

Radmila Knežević and Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić:

Model of seedling seed orchard for the specific purpose production of the european plane seedlings

Vera Lavadinović, Vasilije Isajev and Aleksandar Lučić:

Yield quality in conifer seed stands in Serbia, base for the designation of seed zones

Milka Vujaković, Janoš Berenji, Radosav Sekulić and Mirjana Milošević:

Effect of seed treatment with insecticide on the energy of germination and germination percentage of oil pumpkin

Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

BREEDING OF MAIZE – RESULTS AND PERSPECTIVES

Goran Drinić and Goran Stanković

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important crops in the world. During last 100 years maize production is increased seven times in world and 2.5 times in Serbia in last fifty years. At the beginning of the 30s of twentieth century maize hybrids was introduce in agricultural practice in USA. The modern maize breeding program and hybrid growing practices has established in our country in 1953, and the first domestic maize hybrid (ZP 755) is released on 1964. According to few studies contribution of breeding to increasing of maize production is about 50%. Intensive work in developing on high yielding inbred lines during the last 40 years has resulted on faster growth of yield per se, comparing with the F₁ hybrids and lead to decrease of heterosis 2% per decade.

During 90s of 20^th century informatics and recombinant DNA technology allowed further progress in maize breeding programs. At the beginning of 21^st century the work is continuing on creation of maize hybrids with high yield potential, tolerance to the abiotic and biotic stress factors, better adaptedness for growing under higher plant density. One of the new trends in maize breeding programs could be influenced by energetic crises, e.i. a bigger needs for using of maize for production of ethanol.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF SORGHUM HYBRIDS

Janoš Berenjiand Jeff Dahlberg

The first commercial hybrides of grain sorghum were released in 1956 in the USA. Sorghum production in developed countries (USA, Australia, Europe) is completely based on F₁ hybrid varieties.

The most important aspects of heterosis are yield increase and better adaptability. Under unfavourable environment hybrid sorghum is not only higher yielding but it also provides more stable yield.

Heterosis for grain yield is largely expressed in an increase in seed number per plant. Hybrids develop more rapidly than their parents. Processes that do not involve an increase in the rate of cell division (like the starch or protein content) show little effect due to heterosis.

It was not until the discovery of cytoplasmic-genetic male-sterile system (CMS) that the commercial scale hybrid seed production became available. The three components of the CMS system are: A-line (the seed parent of the hybrid), B-line (maintainer of the A-line) and R-line (the pollen parent of the hybrid). Single crosses prevail in grain sorghum but three-way-crosses are also in use for sweet sorghum and sudangrass. A₁ is the dominant CMS system in commercial use. Other CMS systems are being evaluated in order to minimize the risk of genetic vulnerability. Beside the prevailing importance of GCA, SCA must also be taken into account by hybrid sorghum breeders. Further improvement of the performances of A- and B-lines is among the most important keys in breeding more successful F₁ hybrid sorghum varieties.

Return to content

Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

SUGAR BEET BREEDING - RESULTS AND PERSPECTIVES

Lazar Kovačev, Nikola Čačić, Snežana Mezei and Nevena Nagl

In the last few decades, the genetic composition of sugar beet hybrids and varieties has been completely changed, mainly due to development of different scientific methods. Every change lead to increase of genetic yield potential for important quantitative and qualitative traits, or improvement of efficiency and profitability of production. Sugar beet breeding in Institute of field and vegetative crops always managed to follow European and world trends, in order to create hybrid and varieties whose performance was equal to hybrids made by international companies. Increase in yield potential of 2% per year in the last few decades, is mostly due to genotype improvement, which presents huge success of scientists involved in sugar beet genetics and breeding.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

SUNFLOWER BREEDNIG FOR SPECIAL-PURPOSES

Dejan Jovanović

Demand for confectionery (high-protein) type of sunflower as well as the expanding possibilities for the use of protein from sunflower seeds in the food industry point sunflower breeding in new directions and add fresh objectives to it. The existence of major markets for confectionery sunflower in Europe (Germany, Spain, etc), favorable climatic and soil conditions, and know-how and skill of our farmers represent a good starting point for a future expansion and increase production of confectionery-type sunflower. In the introduction, the paper describes sunflower production, importance and uses. A special section is devoted to describing the objectives of confectionery sunflower breeding and the results of effort to increase seed protein content, decrease seed oil content, hull percentage, and 1000-seed mass. Inbred lines and hybrids with a decrease seed oil content and increase seeds protein content have been developed. Market factor have a strong influence on the commercial effect of the production.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CURRENT WORK ON GENETIC RESOURCES OF VEGETABLES IN SERBIA

Mirjana Vasić, Jelica Gvozdanović-Varga, Janko Červenski, Milan Zdravković, Dejan Cvikić, Nenad Pavlović, Đorđe Moravčević and Zoran Ilić

A working group has been constituted within the framework of SEEDNet, an international project on genetic resources, for work on vegetable species in the Republic of Serbia. Current status in that field has been observed, inventory of vegetable collections planned and priorities for further work defined. Survival of wild species closely related to cultivated vegetables being jeopardized, it is necessary to identify their locations, especially in the Vojvodina Province. Most important species that will be subject to collection of old varieties and populations are alliums, legumes (string beans, dry beans, broad bean), crucifers, vines (gourds, melons and watermelons), lettuce, fruity vegetables (pepper, tomato). Since a part of the above activities had already been accomplished, locations that have not been investigated were identified and collecting trips planned. As most of the work with genetic resources is carried out in breeding centers, it has been planned to maintain those breeding materials and varieties that serve as sources of genes for particular traits. Emphasis is placed on raising public consciousness regarding the importance of work in that field. Old varieties and populations will be grown in a demo garden.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

RESULTS OF FRUIT BREEDING AT THE FRUIT AND GRAPE RESEARCH CENTRE, ČAČAK

Milisav Mitrović, Dobrivoje Ogašanović, Žarko Tešović, Radunka Plazinić, Slađana Marić, Milan Lukić, Sanja Radičević, Vladan Milinković and Aleksandar Leposavić

The Fruit and Grape Research Centre, Čačak has a long tradition of breeding work of new pome, stone, kernel and soft fruit varieties. As the result of permanent and systematic work the following fruit cultivars have been named and released: two newly developed apple cultivars (Malus x domestica Borkh.), four pear cultivars (Pirus communis L.), one quince cultivar (Cydia oblonga Mill.), eleven plum cultivars (Prunus domestica L.), three peach cultivars (Prunus persica var. vulgaris L.), two apricot cultivars (Prunus armeniaca L.), two sweet cherry cultivars (Prunus avium L.), two sour cherry cultivars (Prunus cerasus L.), three walnut cultivars (Juglans regia L.), three strawberry cultivars (Fragaria ananassa Duch.), three raspberry cultivars (Rubus ideaus L.), one blackberry cultivar (Rubus caesius L.) and one blackcurrant cultivar (Ribes nigrum L.). A great number of promising selections of the aforementioned fruit varieties are also in possession of the Centre and these are prepared to be named and released along with great many selections which are presently being intensively studied.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

RESULTS AND DIRECTIONS IN IMPROVEMENT OF PERENNIAL LEGUMES AND GRASSES IN CENTER FOR FORAGE CROPS

Zoran Lugić, Jasmina Radović, Dejan Sokolović and T. Vasić

The paper presents the results on the improvement of economically most important perennial legumes (alfalfa, red and white clover, birdsfoot trefoil) and perennial grasses. The most often used methods in improvement of these species are mass selection, phenotypic recurrent selection, polycross method and hybridization, and the combination of these and other methods. Alfalfa and red clover, as the most important legumes, are characterized by a high potential for dry matter yield (15-17 tha^-1), while the yield of both birdsfoot trefoil and white clover is lower (10-12tha^-1). The highest CCP was obtained by red clover (266 gkg^-1) and alfalfa, while the highest yield of CP was obtained by alfalfa and red clover (3.5 tha^-1). Perennial grasses are very important forage species in the production of animal forage feeds, especially in regions with lower fertility soils and in hilly-mountinous regions. During the last thirty years 14 grass cultivars had been created both from domestic and introductory material by means of different methods of improvement. Forage yield of different perennial grasses ranges from 12 to 15,5 tha^-1 with the content of crude protein from 14 to 17%. Domestic cultivars are prevailing ones and producers give them preferance over the foreign cultivars.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

Description of European contemporary wheat cultivars according to UPOV

Slaven Prodanović, Gordana Šurlan-Momirović, Violeta Ranđelović, Marija Sovrlić,

Nenad Đurić and Dušan Stanisavljević

UPOV (International Union for the Protection of new Varieties of Plants) descriptor contains the directions for conduction of DUS (Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability) tests for genotypes. In this study, we described the characteristics of European contemporary wheat cultivars on the base of the UPOV descriptor adapted for all cultivars of Triticum aestivum L. Out of 500 wheat cultivars in the germplasm collection, 55 cultivars were evaluated for 12 traits. Field trails with investigated wheat cultivars were conducted at Institute «PKB-Agroekonomik» Padinska Skela, during the season 2004/05. Great diversity among studied cultivars were observed: all cultivars differed in values of estimated traits. Frequencies of values for different traits indicated the dominant tendencies of wheat selection in European countries. Forms of traits favorized by contemporary wheat breeding were identified.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

WHEAT CULTIVAR RESISTANCE TO LOW TEMPERATURE

Nikola Hristov, Novica Mladenov, Borislav Kobiljski and Ankica Kondić-Špika

Success of wheat production in different regions and achievement of high and stable yields depend to a large measure on the tolerance of the cultivars grown to low temperature stress. Beside the genetically controlled reaction, gradual adaptation of plants to low temperature plays an important role. In the period 2004-2005, 23 wheat cultivars from different breeding cycles were tested for reaction to exposure to the temperature of –15˚C for 24, 36, 48 and 60 hours. The cultivars had been divided in three groups, according to the year of release. In the first group, which consisted mostly of introduced cultivars, the average percentage of survival in all treatments was 87%. The cultivars in this group were found to differ in resistance to low temperature in dependence of origin. In the second group, which consisted of domestic cultivars commercially grown in the 1970s, the percentage of survival was 88.1%. The third group comprises new cultivars, those which are currently in the domestic commercial production. Their resistance to low temperature was 87.4%, at the level of the second group. High temperatures in the period of hardening contributed to an increased percentage of winterkill in the second year. The objective of this study was to find whether or not the process of breeding improved wheat resistance to low temperature.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

STRATEGY OF ACUMULATIONS GENES FOR DURABLE

RESISTANCE TO WHEAT LEAF RUST PATHOGEN

JelenaBošković, MomčiloBošković and ŽeljanaPrijić

Leaf rust caused by Puccinia recondita Rob. ex Desm. F. sp. tritici Eriks.&Henn is one of the most important diseases in wheat worldwide. The cultivation of resistant wheat is considered to that does this disease cause the most economical and environmental save method to reduce the yield losses. More than 50 genes for resistance against wheat leaf rust (Lr genes) have been described. The method to achieve a more durable resistance is to use different Lr genes in combination. In our breeding program we applied pyramiding strategy using several strong resistance genes to get durable resistance to wheat leaf rust pathogen.

After several years of testing International Wheat Rusts Nurseries, eight genetically different sources of resistance were selected and crossed with recurrent parents Princ and Starke. Hybrid combinations of the first backcross have been tested with three international pathogen cultures and inheritance of resistance has shown in the hybrids the presence of one, two, or three resistant genes. Eight of the best hybrid lines have been selected and crossed again with only effective isogenic lines containing the resistant genes Lr9, Lr19 and Lr24. Twenty crossing combinations has been tested with three pathotypes of Puccinia recondita tritici. Segregation ratios demonstrated accumulation of the used resistant genes.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

MODELS FOR GENTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION ESTIMATION ON HALOMORPHIC SOIL

Miodrag Dimitrijević, Sofija Petrović, Milivoj Belić, Vladimir Hadžić and Marija Kraljević-Balalić

In genontype by environment interaction estimation, as well as, in total trial variability analysis several models are in use. The most oftenly used are Analysis of variance, Eberhart and Russell model and AMMI model. Each of the models has it's own specificities, in the way of sources of variation comprehension and treatment. It is known that agriculturaly less productive environments increase errors, diminish reaction differences between genotypes and decrease repeatability of conditions during years. A sample consisting on six bread wheat varieties was studied in three vegetation periods on halomorphic soil, solonetz type in Banat (vil. Kumane). Genotype by environment interaction was quantified using ANOVA, Eberhart and Russell model and AMMI model. The results were compared not only on pure solonetz soil (control), but also on two level of amelioration (25 and 50t/ha phosphor-gypsum).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

VARIABILITY OF TECHNOLOGICAL QUALITY COMPONENTS IN WINTER WHEAT

Veselinka Zečević, Desimir Knežević, Danica Mićanovićand Dušan Urošević

Ten winter wheat cultivars created in Small Grains Research Centre of Kragujevac (KG-56, Srbijanka, Studenica, Takovčanka, KG-56S, KG-100, Toplica, Levčanka, Gruža, and Tara) were grown at experimental field during four years. Variabilty of bread-making quality properties (sedimentation value, gluten content and quality, and rheological dough properties) were investigated. The sedimentation value was determined by Zeleny method, gluten content by standard method, and rheological dough properties by farinograph. Quality components depended significantly of genotype and environment factors. Obtained results have shown that the highest value of sedimentation in average was at KG-56S cultivar (61.8 ml). Sedimentation in all investigated cultivars was at the level of the first quality class. Wet gluten are characterized by good physical properties, and ranged from 25.6 % (KG-100) to 36.3 % (Gruža). Cultivars have showen very good and stable flour and dough quality, and belonged to A₂, B₁, and B₂ quality group. Analysis of phenotypic components of variance was shown that the lowest impact of variance belonged to year, and really more belonged to cultivar and interaction cultivar x year, what indicated that genotype has the highest influence on wheat quality expression.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

COMBINATION ABILITIES AND RECIPROCAL CROSSING OF INBRED LINES FOR YIELD AND OTHER QUANTITY TRAITS OF MAZE

Slavko Radanović

In the process of maze breeding the breeder face the problem of inbred line selection from the hybrid descendants on the base of phenotype, as well as with the problem of choice of the appropriate inbred lines, as parents with good combination abilities. Therefore, it is necessary to test their combination abilities by the method of dialiel crossing.

In this work, combination abilities of five maze lines inbred, including reciprocal crossing, were tested by the use of dialel analysis during the two-years research. The following traits were studied: grain yield, corncob length, corncob diameter, number of grain rows on the corncob, number of grains in the row, plant and corncob height.

The starting point was the assumption that certain tested inbred lines of maize have relatively better general and special combination abilities in comparison with other lines. Also, there is a difference between direct and reciprocal crossing of some studied traits.

Significant values of the general and special combination abilities were determined, in all seven tested traits, in both years. The reciprocal crossing influenced significantly on the effect of the special combinational abilities for all the studied traits, except for the corncob diameter.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

LINE X TESTER ANALYSIS OF MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH YIELD AND OIL CONTENT

IN SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)

Nada Hladni, Dragan Škorić and Marija Kraljević-Balalić

One of the primary tasks of sunflower breeding is to develop inbred lines using interspecific hybridization in order to obtain high-yielding and stable hybrids with altered appearance that make it possible to achieve an increase in plant number per unit area under intensive cultural practice conditions.

In our line x tester analysis, we used seven new divergent (A) cytoplasmically sterile inbred lines obtained by interspecific hybridization, three Rf-restorer lines used as testers, and 21 F₁ hybrids. Significant differences were obtained in the mean values of all the traits under study. Highly significant GCA and SCA values were obtained for petiole length (PL) and total leaf area per plant (TLA). The nonadditive component of genetic variance played the main role in the inheritance of both these traits. This conclusion was supported by the GCA/SCA ratio in the F₁ generation, which was below the value of one in both cases (0.34 for PL and 0.07 for TLA). The female A-lines made the largest average contribution in the expression of the two traits (49.89% for PL and 57.06% for TLA). There was a positive correlation between seed yield and PL (0.374*) and TLA (0.630**). Oil content was negatively correlated with TLA (-0.520**). This study could prove useful in the development of new high-yielding sunflower genotypes based on interspecific hybridization.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE EFFECT OF ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS ON HIGH OF FIRST FERTILISER NODE AT THREE CULTIVAR OF SOY-BEAN

Vladan Plazinić, Srđan Anđelović, Radovan Sabovljević and Milorad Rošulj

Researching was during three years (1999, 2000, 2001) with three cultivar of soy-bean (Dragana, Nera and Volođa) in three crops density (300,000, 400,000 and 600,000) per hectare. In each year for each density expectably for each cultivar per twenty plants from field experiment is researched. Following plants characteristics were measured: high of first node fertilizers, high of plant, number of node and number of branches per plant.

Experimental data were done on total variability (per variant of researching), three factor of analysis of variance were the factors are: cultivar, crops density and year vegetation period) and with the correlation analysis where the dependence characteristic is the high of the first node fertilizer with application of equation of multiple regression. To the base of F-test the values of LSD test are determined. To the base of equation of multiple regresion were determined (D) coefficient of multiple regresion (R) and ordinary coefficient of correlation (r). Correlation analysis is done for each cultivar separately and for each year of researching separately. Variability of all researching characteristic show different values per all three basis of researching (cultivar, crops, density, vegetation period) as and different diversity of its values. The high of first node fertile show very high variability. Analysis of variance show very significance effect of three factor separately and whole interaction on showing of first node fertile. The values of coefficient (D) and (R) are changing per years of researching and per cultivar. The value of coefficient r are very changeable and unreliable among characteristic per cultivar and year.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

ALFALFA BREEDING FOR INCREASED DRY MATTER YIELD IN DIFFERENT CUTTING INTENSITIES

Slobodan Katić, Vojislav Mihailović, Dragan Milić, Đura Karagić and Sanja Vasiljević

Intensification of cutting increases not only yield level but also dry matter quality. The main targets of alfalfa breeding are improved yield and dry matter quality. The objective of this study has been to assess half-sib families of alfalfa for yielding capacity under different cutting intensities. A large number of cultivars had been grown in a nursery (each at 0.5 m x 0.8 m). Highest yielding plants were selected in the second year of cultivation. The obtained seed was used for the planting of 50 selected lines. In the subsequent year, 24 of these lines were selected and individually harvested. The obtained seed of these half-sibs was planted in narrow rows in a trial with the elementary plot size of 5 m² (5 m x 1 m), in 2 times 3 replications. The purpose of the trial was to assess the material for earliness and tolerance to intensive cutting. Two methods of cutting were applied, one intensive (5 cuts at budding stage) and one less intensive (4 cuts at flowering stage). The yield of dry matter of seven half-sibs did not depend on cutting intensity (12,848 kg/ha of hay with 5 cuts and 13,185 kg/ha of hay with 4 cuts). However, 15 families produced increased dry mater yields with the more intensive method of cutting (13,872 kg/ha of hay). Only two families were higher yielding with the less intensive method of cutting, but these families were lowest yielding for the whole trial (13,182 kg/ha of hay)

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

RECONSTRUCTION OF REPRODUCTIVE PATHWAYS IN Poa pratensis L.

Sanja Prodanović, Slaven Prodanović and Fritz Matzk

Angiosperm species reproduce sexually or asexually through seeds. Apomixis is asexual seed formation and it is a natural pathway for cloning plants through seeds. The main advantage of apomixis is that it permits the fixation of heterosis. Poa pratensis is an aposporous pseudogamous facultative apomict. The flow cytometric seed screen (FCSS) provides the possibility to reconstruct the pathway of Poa seed formation. Four reproductive pathways in Poa were found by means of single seed screen, and 8 reproductive pathways by means of bulk seed screen. The method allows the classification of F₁ progenies in twelve reproductive classes. New trends and results related to this topic will be presented here, some of them may provide benefits for plant breeding.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ROOTHSTOCK TYPE ON QUALITY AND YIELD

OF TOMATO FRUITS

Anđelko Mišković, Žarko Ilin, Mihal Đurovka and Vladan Marković

Grafting of tomato represent new agrotechnical measures, which is conducted in purpose to increase intesity of rooth development and higher resistant on soil borne diseases. During the year of 2004 and 2005. on Faculty of Agriculture were conducted the investigation of effect of several different varieties for grafting on quality and yield of tomato fruits. In investigation were used next varieties: Maxifort, Beaufort, Vigomax, Licopersicon esculentum var. cerasiformae, Licopersicon esculentum var. pruniformae i Licopersicon esculentum var. pyriformae. For control it is used hybrid Jeremy.

Measured values of pH were very similar; content of licopene was significant higher in 2005. year; highest yield in 2004 year was with roothstock Vigomax, and in 2005. year it was with roothstock Maxifort.

Based on this results it can be suggest uses of hibrid roothstock Maxifort and Vigomax. With this roothstock can be achieved highed yield, but no any expand of color intensity.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CHEMICAL MUTAGENESIS IN HEAD CABBAGE (Brassica oleracea var capitata L.)

ІІ. EFFECT OF ETHYL METHANE SULPHONATE ON PHOTOSYNTETIC APPARATUS EFFICIENCY

Valentina Petkova, Vesselina Nikolova, Nasya Tomlekova, Galina Antonova and Ilia Denev

Physiological studies on head cabbage, cv. Ditmarsko, for determining the influence of chemical mutagen ethylmethansulphonate (EMS) treatment of seeds in concentration 0.5%, 0.6% and 0.7 % upon photosynthetic apparatus (PSA) efficiency of the produced plants in economic and generative phase (М1 generation) were held in Maritsa Institute during 2004-2005.

The efficiency of PSA is characterized trough the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (measured by PEA, Hansatech Ltd, UK) and the plastic pigments content (determined spectrophotometrically).

A certain stimulating effect of EMS upon PSA efficiency was determined. The effect was more visible during the generative phase of the plants compared to the economic one. The total amount of synthesized plastid pigments in the M1 generation plants exceeds the controlled plants by 22-46%. The values of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters indicated same or better physiological status of the M1 plants in comparison with the controlled ones. No proportional dependence between the researched features and the used EMS concentrations was obtained.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

EVALUATION OF THE EXISTING ONION (Allium cepa L.) GERMPLASM

IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA

Danail Jankulovski, Gјorgji Martinovski, Rukie Agič and Zvezda Bogevska

Utilization of plant genetic resources in the creation of new genotypes is commonly increasing. As a result of the geographical-topographical conditions and the tradition of growing plants, Macedonia contains a diverse population of vegetable. Until now, 43 different landraces of onion have been registered, from whom 28 are pungent, 13 are sweet summer types (so called “arslama”) and 2 are winter type’s onion.

17 pungent onion landraces have a vegetation period of up to 90 days and 11 onion landraces over 90 days. The shape of the onion of over 20 landraces is flat, 7 landraces have a shape that varies in between the flat and round, and one has a round shape. The color of the top layer of 13 species is straw yellow, 14 have a copper color, and one has a violet color. The bulb mass of these landraces of onion varies between 90 and 130 g. The dry matter content of 10 landraces is 9,0-14,5%, and of 18 landraces is 15-17%.

Sweet types – the summer onions of 9 landraces have a vegetation period of 170 to 175 days, while 4 landraces have a period of 180 to 190 days. The shape of the onions of 10 landraces is flat, while the shape of 3 varies from shape to round. The color of 4 landraces of onions is violet-red, 7 landraces have a straw yellow color, and 2 have a copper color. The bulb mass of the onions is 210 to 230 grams. The content of dry matter of 8 landraces is 10%, and of 5 landraces is 10 to 12%. Five from the 28 pungent landraces of onions, 3 from the sweet and 1 from the winter onion landrace are currently in production.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

SURVEY OF CABBAGE EXPERIMENTAL HYBRIDS

(Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.)

Janko Červenski, Đuro Gvozdenović, Jelica Gvozdanović-Varga,

Zorica Nikolić and Ferenc Balaž

Cabbage takes up significant area in vegetable sowing structure, and one of the factors of improving this production is adequate varieties selection. During the breeding process, experimental hybrids are tested in relation to currently grown varieties and hybrids in production. In this paper the characteristics of 18 cabbage genotypes are presented, out of which there are 9 experimental hybrids, 4 varieties and 5 hybrids from broader production. Cabbage genotypes in the trial are of differing lenght of growing season, as well as differing head weight. Properties variability analysis was performed using PCA method, where two main components were chosen based on scree test, and these were used to define 57.7%. Head weight and head diameter are properties based on which the tested hybrids were graded into quantitatively different groups.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CORRELATION BETWEEN MORPHOLOGIC – PRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF FIVE TYPE MEDICINAL PLANTS

Radosav Jevđović, Radovan Sabovljević, Marija Davidovićand Đorđe Goranović

The five type of medicinal plants (Sinapi alba, Trigonella foenum graecum, Fagopirum esculentum, Callendula officinalis, Malva silvestris) in productive field experiment were researched. Field experiment was done during three period of vegetation (1999, 2000 and 2001) on field experiment in Pančevo. The types of medicinal plants were comprised with one cultivar population.

The following morphological productive characteristics were measured: high of steam (plant); high of root (main); number of branches (on stem); number of fruit on plant (total); seed mass on plant (total). Experimental data are done with correlation analysis with application of equation of multiple regressions: coefficients of multiple determinations are determined (D), ordinary coefficient of correlation (r), direct and indirect effect (PATH coefficient analysis). Dependence changeable characteristic is the number of seed (total) per plant. Correlation analysis was done for each year of researching separately and for each medicinal plant separately.

Coefficient of multiple determination (D) show very high values in three year of researching for the types: Sinapis alba, Fagopirum esculentum, Trigonella foenum graecum. For the type Callendula officinalis and Malva silvestris this coefficient has very high values in two year of researching while in one year has low values.

Correlation dependence of number of seed on plant from measured morphological - productive characteristics is very different and its changeble per year of researching per botanical types. At all five type of medicinal plants in three year of researching among total number of seed on plant and characteristic of high stem and high stem and high of root there are no any correlation or unreliable and weak correlation (positive and negative). Correlation dependence or nuber of seed on plant from number of branches on plant different show per year of researching and types of medicinal plants.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

Plant genetic resources evaluation

Milutin Penčić

In recent times, increasing attention has been paid to genetic resources all over the world.

Reasons for this attention are numerous, but certainly, the most important is that civilisation awareness has definitely ascertained that life conservation on the plant depended on conservation of biodiversity, and genetic diversity (genetic recourses) is its first and the most sensitive link. According to this statement, it can be concluded that genetic resources and the work with them are correctly evaluated. However, this is not exactly true.

The value of genetic resources can be considered from the following two aspects: 1) determination of the general social value and 2) determination of the applied value.

It is difficult to measure the general social value with the existing evaluation systems. The only measure could be the engagement of the government in the biodiversity conservation (the number of institutions, programmes, invested funds, etc.). The applied value can be relatively more easily evaluated through their direct utilisation in the production or plant breeding.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

Ecological plant breeding

Alexander Kilčevski andVladan Pešić

Development of plant varieties with minimum accumulation of pollutants (radionuclides, heavy metals, nitrates) is the most radical way of obtaining ecologically safe plant produce. Intraspecific genetic plant variation in terms of pollutant content allows a decrease in pollutant content by a factor of 2 — 5 as a result of genotypic selection.

Breeding aimed at lowering pollutant accumulation in plant produce should include 3 stages:

• evaluation of the basic material and selection of minimum accumulation donors on the contaminated soil.

• selection of genotypes with a high level of agronomic characters on the non- contaminated plot

• final stage of selection (competitive testing) on the contaminated soil with parallel evaluation on the clean soil.

Heterosis breeding may be an effective method for lowering nitrates and heavy metals accumulation in tomato fruits.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

ECOLOGICAL PLANT BREEDING

FROM ANOTHER ASPECT OF NEW NEEDS AND TRENDS

Vladan Pešić, Alexander Kilčevski and Aleksandar Radojčić

At the very beginning of the 20th century we became aware of “healthy food” production. It seems that the beginning of interest for such an activity was at the same time we found out that the way we had produced food may have long term consequences concerning the survival on the Earth.

It is understood under the term of ecological breeding all the principles and methods which provide production of sorts and hybrids with maximal productivity under the conditions of a specified region and with the use of eco breeding technologies with minimal pollutant accumulation in production. It comprises three basic modes of plant breeding:

Adaptive plant breeding

Selection of energetically effective sorts

Selection of varieties with minimum accumulation of pollutants.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

EXAMINING SELF-COMPATIBILITY IN PLUM (Prunus domestica L.) CULTIVARS

BY FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY

Dragan Nikolić and Dragan Milatović

Concerning fertilization ratio, plum cultivars (Prunus domestica L.) are most commonly divided into three groups: self-fertile, partially self-fertile and self-sterile. In respect of production and breeding, self-fertile cultivars are appreciated the most, because growing partially self-fertile and self-sterile cultivars requires provision of pollinizers. The present paper depicts examinations of self-compatibility in 18 plum cultivars by the method of fluorescence microscopy. According to fertilization ratio, cultivars were divided into two groups: self-compatible and self-incompatible. In self-compatible cultivars the number of pistils, where pollen tubes reached the ovary varied from 32.00% (Anna Späth) to 91.18% (Wangenheims Frühzwetsche), and the number of pollen tubes at the base of style ranged from 0.52 to 3.97. Cultivars were considered self-incompatible if pollen tubes stopped their growth in the pistil style along with forming characteristic swellings at their tips. Of the studied cultivars, 13 proved to be self-compatible: Wangenheims Frühzwetsche, Čačanska Lepotica, Valjevka, California Blue, Čačanska Rodna, Italian Prune, Stanley, Požegača, Herman, Bluefre, Jelica, Ruth Gerstetter and Anna Späth, while 5 proved to be self-incompatible: Čačanska Rana, Zimmers Frühzwetsche, Čačanska Najbolja, Pacific and President.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

SELECTION OF VEGETATIVE ROOTSTOCKS FOR PLUM

Gorica Paunović

Considerable genetic resources in fruit growing are obtained from autochthonous varieties related to traditional fruit growing. Investigation of autochthonous varieties of fruit-tree species serve as a starting point for creating a basis for their breeding.

The selection of different-vigour vegetative rootstocks is one of basic prerequisites for the intensification and improvement of plum production in our country. Many countries that are major plum producers have worked intensively on this issue over the last few years. Considerable genetic resources for this kind of selection can be primarily derived from the germplasm of autochthonous and polycultivated plum varieties. Having in mind the abundance of domestic varieties and genotypes of plum in our country, work on the creation of vegetative rootstocks from this material is both a challenge to science and an obligation of our country as one of the world’s greatest plum producers.

The possibility of selection of vegetative rootstocks for plum from the autochthonous genetic material was investigated in four species of the genus Prunus, being as follows: P.domestica L. (seven genotypes), P. cerasifera Ehrh. (two genotypes), P. spinosa L. (one genotype) and P. institia L. (two genotypes).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

BIOLOGICAL-POMOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HYBRIDS OF EARLY RIPENING PEAR

Mihajlo Nikolić and Milisav Mitrović

Breeding of pear is a long-term and demanding work with often uncertain issues, more complex than breeding other perennial fruit varieties. Majority of fruit properties, such as ripening time, fruit shape and size, juiciness and acidity, maturation time, shelf quality etc are polygenically inherited. Relatively long juvenile stadium is the cause of a small number of cultivars developed annually worldwide.

One of objectives in pear breeding is development of fruit cultivars with early ripening time (July-August) - period of emphasized pear deficit on the market. Breeding of pear has been conducted at the Fruit and Grape Research Centre for more than four decades with more than 12,000 hybrid F1 generation plants studied. More than fifty hybrids out of this group have been described as promising ones, whereas ten of them are currently being evaluated within the second phase in comparative trials. Five early ripening hybrids are among them: IV/2 (ripens in late July, medium sized, with pleasant appearance), VI/30 (ripens in middle July, large, attractive, high quality), V/15 (middle July, large, attractive, heavy cropper), IV/45 (ripens in early August, heavy cropper) and I/9 (red skinned, Viljamovka shaped, white flash, high quality and heavy cropper). Three of these hybrids are being evaluated for recognition: VI/30, V/15 and I/9.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CLONAL SELECTION OF BUDIMKA, AN AUTHOCHTHONAL APPLE SORT

Evica Mratinić

In our work under the conditions of in situ, individual clonal selection was made of Budimka, the most spread authochthonal apple sort.

Research was done in 16 municipalities of the Republic of Serbia. In 8 municipalities this sort was also found, very often under different names, as well as with greater or smaller differences, depending on the locality where the clone was found.

The aim of this work is to point out to the differences among the Budimka clones, depending on the locality. With their transfer into the ex situ status, it will be determined in the second phase by comparative experiments, whether the noted differences are of hereditary nature (mutations) or whether it is a matter of hereditary changes (modifications), and the best clones will be recommended for production practise.

The differences among clones found under the in situ conditions were in: fruit mass (which ranged from 100 - 200 g), in the fruit shape (which ranged from round, elongated-oval to cone-shaped), in field resistance as per Venturia inaequalis L. (from very delicate to relatively resistant), in chemical composition and fruit quality (with a variation of the dry matter from 12,10% to 19,20%, total sugar from 10,23% to 16,61% and total acids fromm 0,27% to 0,62%). The fruit flavor of three clones was different from the one typical for Budimka and was sweetish-sourish (in the case of the clone Krupna kisela đula), sourish-sweet (in the case of the clone Crkvena Budimka) and distinctly sourish (in the case of the clone Okrugla Budimka).

All clones showed alternation in giving fruit, except for the clone of Okrugla Budimka, which showed in general the best properties.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

STANUSINA – MACEDONIAN AUTOCHTONOUS CULTIVAR AND THEIR VARIETIES

Klime Beleski, Zvonimir Božinović, Violeta Dimovska and Krum Boškov

Stanusina is a Macedonian autochtonous variety and has been planted in the Tikvesh vineyard area since ancient times. Based on its botanical description and according to the classification of cultivated wine varieties, Vitis vinifera L., this variety belongs to the eco-geographical group of convarietas pontica, Negr., subconvarietas balcanica.

The repeated vegetative propagation, longterm growing without selection, gradually increased heterogenousity and genetic degeneration of this old wine cultivar. In the population of this cultivar we found, beside the standard represent, two different varieties: stanusina green (with uncolored, green berries) and stanusina struggly (with unfecundated berries).

According to the List of primary and secondary descriptors we found differences in more characteristics (leaf, flower, cluster, berry). The variety with the struggly clusters has the lowest and variability yield (2.5kg/vine).The wine from the variety stanusina green has a low technological values (alcohol 10.1 vol%; extract 20.9g/dm³; total acids 7.2 g/dm³, total anthocyanes 11mg/dm³. Because of the negative properties they are not recommended for further expansion.

The standard represent of variety has to be separated with clonal selection and planted in appropriate locations.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

YIELD AND QUALITY OF GRAPE AND WINE from cabERNET SAUVIGNON
IN AGROECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF KUTINA VINEYARD AREA

Ivana Radojević, Snežana Stanković, Мiloš Ristić, Ivana Mošić and Vesna Ranković

Results obtained in two-year examination period with Cabernet sauvignon were shown in this study. This variety comes from France and is intended for the production of high quality red wines. The Centre for viticulture and wine production has grown this variety in its collective plantation.

The examinations were carried out during 2003. and 2004. The yield of grape amount to 6,04 t/ha, the average cluster mass was 112,30 g, the average sugar contents equaled 22,17 % and the average contents of total acids was equivalent to 8,62 g/l. Micro-vinification of grape and chemical analyses of wine were performed. The results of the analyses show that the quality of wine is satisfactory.

On the basis of the results obtained, we can verify that the Cabernet sauvignon showed fine agrobiological, commercial and technological characteristics in Kutina vineyard area and that it should have priority with respect to large-scale production.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

BEECH (Fagus moesiaca /DOMIN, MALY/ CZECZOTT.) VARIABILITY

AND BREEDING IN SERBIA

Vasilije Isajev

Planned, genetic reconstruction of the local beech populations, included several objectives: increase of general growth vigour; cultivation of reproductive material with good technological properties; increase of natural resistance to diseases and insect attacks; increase of resistance to unfavorable abiotic factors.

This paper reviews the study results of genetic potentials and variability of beech in Europe and Serbia. The results are based on multiannual analyses of individual and group variability of beech morphological and physiological properties, on the studies of provenece tests, presentation of the experiences in the application of reultus of biochemical and molecular analyses at the level of the selected populations and individuals from different proveniences.

The results obtained by synthetics methods of beech improvement in Serbia are presented in detail – mass and individual selection, controlled hybridization, induced mutations and heterovegetative propagation. The study results, as well as the produced material during the activities have been partly fixed in the established live archives and in a clonal seed orchard.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF WHITE-BARK PINE

(Pinus heldreichii CHRIST) SEEDS AND SEEDLINGS IN SOUTHEAST SERBIA

Mihailo Tošić and Biljana Nikolić

White-bark pine (Pinus heldreichii Christ), a relic and subendemic pine of the Balkan and Apennine Peninsula has attracted the attention of botanists and foresters since its first finding on Olympus in 1862 and on Orjen in Herzegovina in 1863. In Serbia, it was first found by Pančić, only one tree in the villages Negbina and Sjeništa on Zlatibor and he reported it in 1871. The botanists Beck G., Adamović L. and others doubted that white-bark pine originated naturally at these places, considering the distance to the previously known sites. Urošević K. also asked: "how could it (white-bark pine) grow so far east without a connection?" After almost 90 years, white-bark pine was found also at nine sites between Sjenica and Prijepolje (Tošić M., 1959, 1960). They were also individual trees or groups, of which the largest group was on Mt. Ozren below the peak Revuš, where 55 white-bark pine trees were found. This finding is the final confirmation that the trees found by Pančić on Zlatibor, as well as the trees between Sjenica and Prijepolje and the trees in Kamena Gora, southeast of Prijepolje, are the remnants of the natural white-bark pine forests. This paper analyses the genetic and ecological characteristics of white-bark pine, its seeds, seedlings and spontaneous regeneration in southeast Serbia. The regeneration of this valuable pine is recommended on the xerothermic sites of its natural range, which are less suitable for Scots pine and Austrian pine, and white-bark pine, as a very undemanding pine, tolerates them very well.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

EFFECT OF NITROGEN RATE ON NITRATE CONCENTRATION IN VEGETATIVE PARTS OF WHEAT

Marija Kraljević-Balalić, Biljana Gorjanović, Lazar Panković, Sanja Kereši, Mirjana Vukosavljev and Nataša Vuković

The constant increase of use of nitrogen fertilizers leads to numerous ecological problems, among which the most distinguished is the increase of nitrate concentration in the soil, surface and underground waters and plants. The accumulation of nitrate, beside the fact that it causes a lot of troubles, indirectly endangers the health of people and animals. One of the ways to solve these problems is creating genotypes that will give the appropriate yield with limited application of mineral fertilizers. The goal of this paper is to choose wheat genotypes which are capable to absorb nitrogen and use it from the soil more efficiently, and at the same time to accumulate nitrates in the least possible amount. Genotypes originated from SCG, Slovakia and Switzerland. The experiment was conducted using the randomized block design with two replications and three rates of N fertilizer (0-control, 75,100), at the experiment field of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad. The nitrate concentration, at the heading stage was determined spectrophotometricaly (μgNO3-/g dry matter). ANOVA for nitrate concentration showed highly significant differences between all sources of variability. This trait was mostly influenced by the rate of the fertilizer (78.5%), genotype (17.4%), and in the smallest amount by the genotype/rate interaction (4.1%). Petrana, originated from Slovakia, is significantly the most efficient genotype in absorption of nitrate (634), while Pobeda (1448) was the most efficient of our genotypes. These genotypes could be used as parents in crossings, with regard to nitrate concentration. Nevesinjka was the genotype with the highest nitrate concentration (2006). The nitrate concentration was the lowest at the control rate, while it was the highest at the rate of 100. These results should be used in breeding of high yielding wheat cultivars.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CORRELATIONS AMONG YIELD COMPONENTS IN DURUM WHEAT

Biljana Gorjanović and Marija Kraljević-Balalić

The main reason that makes breeding for the main yield components difficult is that they are in negative correlation with each other. Numerous researchers have studied relations between yield and different yield components in order to find dependable selection criteria. The goal of this paper is to estimate the variability and correlations between yield components. The experiment was conducted on twelve durum wheat genotypes. Plant height was in both years positively correlated with number of spikelets per spike and negatively correlated with spike length, grain weight per spike, number of grains per spike and harvest index. Spike length was positively correlated with grain weight per spike and number of grains per spike in both years and with harvest index only in the first year, while it was negatively correlated with number of spikelets per spike in the first year of investigation. Number of spikelets was in negative correlations with grain weight per spike and number of grains per spike in the first year, and with harvest index in both years of investigations. Grain weight per spike was positively correlated with number of grain per spike and harvest index in both years. Number of grains per spike was in positive correlation with harvest index in both years of investigations.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

PLANT NITROGEN CONcentration AS A grain YIELD INDICATOR OF WINTER WHEAT CULTIVARS

Slaviša Stojković, Nebojša Deletić and Vladan Đurić

Concentration and accumulation of plant nitrogen, and their effect on grain yield, were studied through a two-year trial using twenty Serbian winter wheat cultivars. The studied cultivars showed differences in nitrogen content of overground plant parts in the stage of flowering, as well as in nitrogen content of mature plants' grain and straw. Significantly lower nitrogen content was observed in overground plant parts in flowering, and in mature plant grains, in the second year of investigation. The average nitrogen concentration of grain was from 1.45% in cultivar Nevesinjka, up to 1.78% in cultivar Milica. Straw nitrogen concentration of the all cultivars was similar in both studied years. Nitrogen utilization increased by lowering of its concentration in straw, which induced an improvement of grain technological quality. It was found that nitrogen accumulation varies depending of cultivar genetic properties and environmental conditions. The strong, positive correlation between grain yield and grain nitrogen content points to a possibility of simultaneous selection for increased grain yield and grain protein content. Parameters of plant nitrogen concentration in flowering and full maturity may be used as agronomic and selection criteria for wheat productivity and quality.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE EFFECT OF MELIORATION OF HALOMORPHIC SOIL ON SPIKE TRAITS IN WHEAT

Sofija Petrović, Miodrag Dimitrijević, Milivoj Belić, Vladimir Hadžić and Marija Kraljević-Balalić

The wheat is agricultural cultivar that requires suitable soil in respect to fertility, physical characteristics and chemical reaction. Halomorphic soil, solonetz type, could be utilized for wheat growing by using ameliorative measures, only.

The effect of solonetz amelioration using phosphor-gypsum in amount of 25 and 50t/ha on the number of grains and grain weight per spike of different wheat varieties was studied in the article. According to the results, wheat varieties exhibit notable variability in reaction to soil amelioration. The research should be in continuation in order to select suitable wheat genotypes for putting less productive soil in use.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY OF YIELD COMPONENTS IN WHEAT GROWN ON DIFERENT SOIL TYPES

Sofija Petrović, Miodrag Dimitrijević, Milivoj Belić, Marija Kraljević-Balalić and Vladimir Hadžić

The vast share of agricultural soil in Vojvodina province is quality chernozemic soil. However, there is still a share of halomorphic soil, solonetz type, that are not convenient for agricultural production. Phenotypic variability and correlation of spike parameters in wheat varieties derived in Novi Sad are given in this article. Wheat genotypes were sown on chernozemic soil, as well as, on solonetz soil (controll and two levels of melioration 25 and 50t/ha phosphor-gypsum). The goal was to investigate varietal differences in reaction to melioration and soil type. The results obtained reveal the highest mean values of examined yield components on chernozem, as well as, different genotype reaction to meliorative measures on solonetz type of soil.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

PHENOTYPIC VARIATION OF SPIKE PARAMETERS IN WHEAT GROWN ON AMELIORATED SOIL

Miodrag Dimitrijević, Sofija Petrović, Milivoj Belić, Vladimir Hadžić and Marija Kraljević-Balalić

Less productive agricultural soil, that is solonetz type, could be ameliorated in order to enhance usage value and broaden agricultural land. Grain weight per spike and spike weight of wheat grown on solonetz soil were examined in the article. Phenotypic variation of these traits as a response to environmental condition in six bread wheat varieties was followed through genotype by environment interaction in three vegetation periods. The results were compared on pure solonetz (control) and ameliorated solonetz (25 and 50t/ha phosphor-gypsum) to determine effect of amelioration on these two yield components.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

NITROGEN CONTENT IN THE SEEDLINGS OF THE WHEAT AS PARAMETER FOR SELECTION ON NITROGEN FIXATION

Danica Mićanović, Veselinka Zečević, Dušan Urošević and Desimir Knežević

The aim of this investigation was to testing perspective lines of plant species Triticum aestivum L. (KG-1, KG-6, KG-3468/97) on nitrogen content of seedling shoot and seedling root, and part of nitrogen content of seedling shoot in total nitrogen content of seedlings, as a parameter of grain quality which directly influenced on yield. The experiment was done in semi control conditions in nitrogen free solutions. Grain surface of each cultivar were sterilized and inoculated with different strains of diazotroph with 0.5 ml 10⁸cell per seed. Control seedlings were grown in tubes without inoculation. Variability found in majority investigation parameters. Inoculation with diazotrophs indicated very significant differences of dry matter content of seedling shoot and seedling root, nitrogen concentration and nitrogen content in seedlings. Nitrogen content was the lowest in control seedlings. This analysis indicated that value of investigation parameters could use as a criteria for selection of plant cultivar of wheat on nitrogen fixation.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE INFLUENCE OF CULTIVAR, YEAR AND NITROGEN SUPLLY ON QUALITY PARAMETERS OF BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum. L.)

Veselinka Đurić, Miroslav Malešević and Lazar Panković

Field experiments with 3 winter wheat (Triticum aestivum. L); Lasta, Sremica and Pobeda was applied nitrogen (rate N) as follows: 0, 60, 120 and 180 kgNha-1 from 2000 to 2003.

The varieties differed in their biological and production characteristics as well as in technological quality. The analyzed samples belonged to the international ISDV (Internationale Internationale Stickstoff Dauer Versuche) stationary field trial established at the Rimski Šančevi Experiment Field of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. Improvement of end use quality in winter wheat depends on thorough understanding of the influences of environment, variety, and their interaction.Grain protein content (GPC), sedimentation value (SED), energy dough, Hagberg falling number (HFN) and bread crumb quality number were measured. Highly significant differences were detected among the environments (A), rate N (B) and varieties (C) for each of the quality variables. Both variety (V) and environment (E) had a significant effect on quality traits. Significant V x E interactions indicated that quality trait evaluations must be undertaken for environments. The most influence on protein content and sedeimentation value have been climatitic condition. According to lot of environment influence on falling number and dow energy the main part of variance it is genotype and phenotype variability.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

PLANT HEIGHT AND HARVEST INDEX VARIABILITY REGARDING DIFFERENT WHEAT GENOTYPES CULTIVATED ON CHERNOZEM AND SOLONETZ

Zoran Kapor, Nemanja Beljanski, Sofija Petrović and Miodrag Dimitrijević

Solonetz is a type of halomorphic soil that is present on 80 000 ha in Vojvodina, the agricultural region of Serbia and Montenegro. Field experiments were conducted in the vegetation period 1999/2000 examining eleven genotypes of wheat cultivated both on chernozem and on solonetz. In this research the variability of plant height and harvest index was investigated and data was treated as a two-factor design, regarding genotypes and soil type, as well as correlations between these two traits. The goal of this research was to establish the reaction of different wheat genotypes on different soil types and the reaction to different amelioration rates of solonetz.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

GRAIN FILLING PARAMETERS AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN WHEAT

Milka Brdar, Borislav Kobiljski and Marija Kraljević – Balalić

Grain yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is influenced by number of grains per unit area and grain weight, which is result of grain filling duration and rate. The aim of the study was to investigate the connections between grain filling parameters in 4 wheat genotypes of different earliness and yield components. Nonlinear regression estimated and observed parameters were analyzed. The estimated rang corresponds to the rang of observed parameters. Stepwise MANOVA indicated that the final grain dry weight, rate and duration of grain filling were important parameters in differentiating among cultivar grain filling curves. The yield was positively correlated with number of grains/m², grain weight and grain filling rate, and negatively correlated with grain filling duration. Correlation between grain weight and rate of grain filling was positive. Grain filling duration was negatively correlated with grain filling rate and number of grains/m². The highest yield on three – year average had medium late Mironovska 808, by the highest grain weight and grain filling rate and optimal number of grains/m² and grain filling duration.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF PLANT HEIGHT AND GRAIN MASS PER SPIKE IN WHEAT (Triticum aestivum)

Desimir Knežević, NevenaDjukić, Veselinka Zečević, Danica Mićanović, Gordana Šurlan-Momirović, Dušan Urošević, Gordana Branković and Srdjan Jordačijević

In diallel cross excluding reciprocals of four divergent wheat cultivars (Ana Morava, Gruža, Beogradjanka i Pobeda). were derived F₂ hybrids. Those four cultivars and F₂ hybrids were investigated to assess the mode of inheritance, gene effects and combining abilities for plant height and grain mass per spike in wheat plants. By analysis were established different mode of inheritance for plant height and grain mass per spike (intermediate, partial dominance, dominance and overdominance). The variance of general and specific combining abilities (GSCA) was highly significant with preponderance effect of general combining ability which indicated preponderance of additive gene effect to expressing genetic variability for both investigated traits. The best general combiner for stem height and grain mass per spikes was Ana Morava cultivars, while the best specific combination for plant height was the cross Gruža x Pobeda and for grain mass per spike was the cross Ana Morava x Beogradjanka.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

EVALUATION OF BAKING QUALITY IN WHEAT USING MICROSATELLITES

Dragana Obreht, Srbislav Denčić, Borislav Kobiljski, Mihajla Đan and Ljiljana Vapa

Implementation of marker assisted selection (MAS) in conventional breeding programs could allow assessment of the genetic potential of specific genotypes prior to their phenotypic evaluation. Furthermore, it could identify important trait alleles or marker-trait associations for further determination of a precise position for the loci of interest. Potential uses of microsatellite markers in molecular evaluation of bread-making quality was tested in a sample of 69 wheat genotypes that were genotyped with 4 microsatellites. One SSR locus represents marker for 1BL/1RS translocation located on 1BS chromosome. Three SSRs loci are linked to previously mapped QTLs for loaf volume and Hagberg falling number on chromosome 3A. A total of 28 alleles were found, with an average of 7 alleles per loci, and average PIC value of 0.5. No statistical significant differences between genotypes with or without 1BL/1RS translocation in baking quality were found. Specific alleles at the GWM720, GWM32 and GWM674 loci were tested for association with bread-making related parameters. The association study approach, which implies statistical analysis of marker and phenotypic data, showed significant association of specific allele at the GWM674 locus with Hagberg falling number in wheat.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

NEWLY REGISTERED SMALL GRAINS CULTIVARS FROM ZAJECAR

Dejan Dodig, Saša Stanković, Slađana Milićević-Nikodijević and Miroslava Jović

The paper presents principal properties of 5 new cultivars of small grains created in the Centre for Agricultural and Technological Research in Zaječar. They are as follows: Arena (winter bread wheat), Premium (winter malting barley), Tango (winter triticale), Centar (spring oat) and Balša (spring naked barley). In 2004 and 2005 these cultivars were registered by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management of the Republic of Serbia. The Arena cultivar has good indices of technological quality and high yield genetic potential which is successfully preserved even in dry years. The Premium cultivar, besides high yield capacity, has a very low protein grain content what makes it especially suitable for brewer’s industry. Triticale Tango is intended, in the first place, for animal feeds and like Arena cultivar, is highly tolerant to draught. Spring oat Centar is Zaječar’s first made oat cultivar in this group of small grains. Cultivar Balša is the first spring six-row naked barley in Serbia and Montenegro. Creating of Balša cultivar is the attempt to meet the future demands on the market. By the act of registering above mentioned cultivars the Centre in Zaječar has completed and enlarged its already existing variety of small grains assortment.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

GENETIC DETERMINATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL QUALITY OF Triticum durum

NevenaĐukić, Desimir Knežević and Veselinka Zečević

Viscous elasticity of gluten is one of the most important parameter for quality of cooked pasta from durum wheat. This trait is connected with certain protein components (γ gliadins and LWG-glutenins encoded by Gli-B1 loci at the 1B chromosome).

In this paper presented analysis of gluten content and flour quality toward to pharinograph of genetically divergent cultivars Triticum durum. The composition of gliadin components were analyzed by acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Electrophoregrams were used for identification of gliadin alleles. On the base of gliadin allele composition were established specific composition for each cultivars.

In this paper, relationships among identified alleles and certain components of technological quality were investigated. By this study were found high contents of gluten in cultivars which had gliadins encoded by the most frequent alleles. Expression of high values quality traits (water absorption, quality number, quality class) also, were established in case of presence of high frequent alleles at the gliadin composition in cultivars. However, quality is very complex determined and influence to quality have other storage protein fractions, enzymes as well ratio of amount of different protein fractions.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

AN ANALYSIS OF SPIKE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT PLOIDITY LEVELS OF WHEAT

Jadranka Luković and Marija Kraljević-Balalić

The aim of the paper is to identify by the comparative analysis of spike morphological characteristics if there are significant differences between tetraploid (2n=4x=28) and hexaploid (2n=6x=42) wheat, and also to find and compare variability of analyzed spike characteristics, for each group. During the three-year experiment, we analyzed 8 tetraploid and 8 hexaploid genotypes of wheat, sampled randomly. So as to evaluate the aforementioned characteristics, we used: ANOVA, genotypic (GCV), and phenotypic variation coefficients (PCV). By the comparative morphological analysis, it is concluded that there are significant differences between those two groups of genotypes, for spike height, mass of grain/spike, and index of spike. For the majority of the analyzed parameters within the groups of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat, a high significant genotype variability is detected. The highest difference between GCV and PCV, and also the lowest GCV (6.4%) are obtained for spike index for genotypes of tetraploid wheat. The most insignificant influence of the ecological variability for tetraploid genotypes of wheat arise for the following properties: spike length and weight, and a number of spikelet/spike. For the genotypes of hexaploid wheat, the properties: spike index and a number of spikelet/sipke are merely influenced by the genetic variability (GCV=4.0%, 2.0%).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

AN INFLUENCE OF PLOIDITY LEVELS ON THE STRUCTURAL CARACTERISTICS OF WHEAT RACHIS

Jadranka Luković, Lana Krstić, Biljana Kiprovski and Miroslava Kodranov

The task of the paper is to analyze structural characteristics of rachis for hexaploid and tetraploid genotypes of wheat, which are not significantly different in: spike length, a number of fertile and sterile spikelets, a number and a mass of grain for II, VIII, and XIII nodes, in order to test if there are significant differences among these groups. For the analysis of rachis we used spikes sampled ten days before the physiological maturity. On cross sections of rachis at the level of II, VIII, and XIII internodes, we measured the following properties: the area of cross section of rachis, a total area of vascular bundles, a area of xylem and phloem, and a number of vascular bundles. A high significant genotype variability is obtained for a area of cross section, and a number of vascular bundles of rachis. For the majority of genotypes, high significant differences are identified for the area of phloem, and cross section area of rachis, between II and VIII internodes. For all analyzed properties, there were no significances between VIII, and XIII internodes. The significant differences between hexaploid and tetraploid genotypes are obtained for the total area of vascular bundles, and the areas of xylem and phloem. Higher values of aforementioned parameters are recorded for tetraploid genotypes.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

IN VITRO SCREENING FOR LOW TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE OF WHEAT GENOTYPES

Ankica Kondić-Špika, Nikola Hristov and Borislav Kobiljski

Low temperature (LT) tolerance of 12 wheat (T. aestivum L.) genotypes was investigated in in vitro zygotic embryo culture. Isolated embryos were grown on modified MS medium for two months. Calluses were prepared by gradual decrease of temperatures (17˚C-7 days, 5˚C-7 days, -5˚C-1 day, -10˚C-1 day) and then exposed to LT treatments (-15˚C-24h and 48h). After LT treatments, calluses were acclimated by gradual increase of temperatures and grown for another month. Based on the differences in callus fresh weight between control group and calluses exposed to the LT treatments, levels of LT tolerance of wheat genotypes were determined. The results have shown that out of 12 investigated wheat cultivars, 6 had high level of LT tolerance, 5 had medium and only one spring cultivar (Venera) had low level of LT tolerance. These results were compared with the results of standard in situ test in a cold chamber. Only partial disagreement of results was determined in two cultivars with medium level of LT tolerance (NSR-2 and Balkan). It can be concluded that the in vitro test can be successfully used for separation of genotypes with high and low LT tolerance, but for more precise separation within the medium level of LT tolerance, this test should be improved.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

VARIABILITY AND INHERITANCE OF THE TILLERING IN BARLEY HYBRIDS

Milomirka Madić, Desimir Knežević and Aleksandar Paunović

Productive tillering is a very important trait which influences the degree of barley lodging resistance. Five divergent genotipes of two-rowed winter barley (Vada, Đerdap, NS-293, Jagodinac and Sladoran) have been selected for diallel crossing in order to study the mode of inheritance, the gene effect and the genetic variance components for the tillering in F₁ and F₂ generation.

The test of significance of the mean values of generations related to the parental average was used for the inheritance mode determinations (Kraljevic-Balalic et al. 1991) with the components of genetic variance and regression VrWr analyse from diallel crossings were made using the method of Mather and Jinks (1971).The variability of the ivestigated trait was different. The cross combination Đerdap x Jagodinac, had the highest coefficient of variance (39,78%). In F₁ generation different modes of inheritance (partial dominance, dominance and over dominance) and in F₂ generation partial dominance were found. The genetic variance components, average degree of dominance and regression line indicated partial dominance in the inheritance of tillering. The range of the obtained values of heritability for the tillering was found to be very wide (0,18-0.47). The cross combinations Đerdap x Jagodinac and Vada x Đerdap were selected for future breeding.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

GENOTYPE VARIATIONS IN GRAIN YIELD OF SPRING BARLEY DEPENDING ON SOWING DENSITY

Aleksandar S. Paunović, Milomirka Madić and Desimir Knežević

A three year old study was carried out for yield in five cultivars of the spring brewer's barley at the Centre of Small Grains in Kragujevac from 1996 to 1998. The effect of the three sowing densities on the 9 differing characteristics, i.e. plant height, generaltillering, the coefficient of productive tillering, the number of plants, the number of spikes, spike length, the number of grains per spike, grain mass per spike and grain yield was studied for each cultivar.

Research results have shown that the cultivars displayed a significant effect on the plant height, grain number per spike, grain mass per spike and grain yield.

It has also been noticed that, in the course of every research year, sowing density induced increases in plant height, the number of plants and grain yield. In contrast, the higher sowing density was, the lower general tillering, productive tillering coefficient, spike length and grain number per spike.

Over the individual research years, significant interaction effects existed between the cultivars and sowing densities in view of general tillering, plant number and spike length.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

PROPERTIES OF NEW WINTER TWO-ROW BARLEY CULTIVAR ²GROM²

Dušan Urošević, Danica Mićanović, Veselinka Zečević and Desimir Knežević

New winter two-row barley cultivar GROM (Hordeum vulgare ssp. distichum var. nutans) was created by cross between parental cultivars SSK 89/90/9 x SSK 89/90/16 Has yellow, firm but elastic stem with average height during three years of testing was 92,0 cm ( 8,1 cm lower then standard cultivar Novosadski 293). Cultivar has very good resistance to lodging. Cultivar GROM has long head with long, yellow awns and big krnells, yellow with glumes. In Commision microtrials during three years of testing new cultivar GROM gave an average kernell yield of 8746 kg/ha and standard cultivar Novosadski 293 8201 kg/ha, which means a higher yield of the new cultivar by 545 kg/ha. Cultivar has also great technological quality of kernels and malt. Percentage of first class seeds was 97,3 %, 1000 grains mass d.m. 42,6 g and hectolitar mass 77,55 kg/hl. Crude protein content was 12,60 %. Malt analysis and micromalting pointed out higher extract content in malt was 77,92 %, Kolbachs number 45,30 % and Hartongs number on 450C 32,37 %. New cultivar GROM has good resistance to most important diseases and pests and relative tolerance to drought.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

DANI – NEW BULGARIAN RICE VARIETY

Kamishev Konstantin

The variety was created at the K. Malkov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Sadovo, Bulgaria as a result of intervarietal hybridization during 1987 between the Bulgarian variety Rouza and the Italian variety Titanio and subsequent individual choice.

The central stem height is within 78 - 80 cm and the tillers height is 72 – 74 cm and 65 – 67 cm, respectively. The tillers, of forth and fifth order are grown when the sowing is thinner but their grains are not always riped. Their panicles are compact and almost upright with length within 18, 16 and 13 cm. The number of grains from the central panicle is about 200 and frequently over 250 while for the tillers it is 150 and 90. The weight of 1000 grains varies from 32 up to 33 g. In respect of the vegetation period this variety belongs to the late variety group.

The preferable characteristics of new variety Dani are strong and non-lodging stem, the high and stable productivity and the high quality of milled rice.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

INHERITANCE AND CORELATION OF THE TRAITS IN MAIZE INBRED LINES

Jelena Srdić and Zorica Pajić

By the method of diallel analysis (10x10) we analysed mode of inheritance of ten maize inbred lines for three agronomic traits: grain yield, plant hight and ear hight.

Statistically very significant values of GCA and SCA were detected for all three examined traits by the analysis of variance of combining abilities. ANOVA also established higher values of SCA for all traits indicating that their inheritance is depending on the non-aditive gene action, such as dominance and epistasis.

Regression analysis showed that superdomination is present in the mode of inheritance of observed traits. The presence of epistasis was detected among three inbred lines for the grain yield.

Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to determin the ralation between observed traits. Highly significant correlation was found between plant hight and ear hight (0,87**), as it was expected. Correlations between those two traits and grain yield were aslo highly significant (pl.hight/yield= 0,63**; ear hight/yield= 0,48**), but with lower values.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

SPECIFIC INTERACTIONS IN MAIZE YIELD TRIALS

Vojka Babić, Milosav Babić, Mile Ivanović and Marija Kraljević-Balalić

Main aim of investigation was to use GxE information as well as narrow adaptability of genotype to maximize grain yield in particular environment. Also, with same aim, environments were grouped in less number of target environments on the basis of specific interaction of genotypes. Fifteen maize hybrids were included in the investigation. Trials were conducted in six locations and two densities (54 900 plants per hectare and 64 900 plants per hectare). On the basis of results of AMMI analysis two hybrids were separated as carrier of maximal grain yield in target environments.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

Interaction in Multi-environment trials

Milosav Babić, Vojka Babić, Nenad Delić, Goran Stanković and Goran Drinić

Necessity of multi-environment trials (MET) is clearly contained in a fact that, for quantitative traits as grain yield, same genotype does not always show superior performance under different environmental conditions. Environmental conditions are very complex and can vary significantly on geographically narrow area. Additionally they are dependant on production practice. Grouping of environments make easier choice of test environments, especially for initial stages of testing. With the aim of making choice of test locations more appropriate, hierarchical cluster analysis was used for clustering of 31 environments. Depending on breeding goal (narrow or wide adaptability), more appropriate choice of test locations can be made based on results of clustering.

Sum of squares (SS) for genotypes usually do not exceed 10% in analysis of MET while SS for genotype by environment (GE) interaction usually is two to three times higher. Common analysis of variance on some way neglect this important moment. Patern analyses provide us with part of information connected with GE interaction and consequently make possible higher efficiency of breeding process.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

COMBINING ABILITIES OF EARL LENGTH OF SILAGE MAIZE

Mile Sečanski and Tomislav Živanović

The estimation of variability of six maize inbred lines and their diallel hybrids related to the ear length, superior-parent heterosis and general and specific combining abilities after the method developed by Griffing, 1956. was the aim of this study. According to obtained results it can be concluded that the variability of this trait is significantly affected by a genotype and a genotype x year interaction. Since the depression of the ear length occurs in inbreds in inbreeding, this trait was greater in hybrids than inbreds, as expected. The highest average heterosis for the ear length was determined in the hybrid ZPLB402xZPLB406. Non-additive genes had the significant importance for ear length heritability. The inbreds ZPLB401 and ZPLB406 were lines with the highest GCA effects, while hybrid combinations ZPLB401 x ZPLB403, ZPLB401 x ZPLB402, ZPLB401 x ZPLB406 and ZPLB403 x ZPLB406 were hybrids with significant SCA effects. They encompass both parents with high GCA effects or one parent with high GCA effects and other with low GCA effects. Hybrid combinations ZPLB403 x ZPLB 405 and ZPLB404 x ZPLB405 had significant SCA effects in both years, including parents with low GCA effects. This is probably a result of additive gene effects (additive x additive) of the interaction between parents.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE effect of yield components to grain yield in different maize recurrent selection cycles

Nebojša Deletić, Slaviša Stojković and Vladan Đurić

A set of 31 SSD lines from ZP-Syn-1 C₀ and 37 from ZP-Syn-1 C₃ maize populations was studied in this paper. After line selection and seed multiplication in 2000, the trials were carried out in 2001-2002, at Kruševac and Zemun Polje, in RCB design. After additive correlation coefficients being calculated, they have been used to calculate path coefficients and multiple determination coefficients. Path coefficients, based on additive correlation coefficients, in zero cycle lines were significant only for direct effects of grain row number (0.409**) and number of grains per row (0.446**). In lines derived from the third cycle, additive path coefficients were significant for direct effects of ear height (0.318**), number of grains per row (0.843**), and 1000 grain mass (0.526**). Direct effects of the other traits, as well as the all indirect effects, were not significant in both studied cycles. There was not any significant effect of the studied traits on grain yield. Multiple determination coefficients were significant for the most of independent variable combinattions in both cycles. A great number of only few trait combinations expressed almost equal effect as the one of the all seven studied traits.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

Combining ability for grain yield among six maize inbred lines

A. Radojčić, Goran Drinić and Snežana Drinić Mladenović

The goal of our investigation was determination combining abilities and maternal effects for grain yield among six maize inbred lines. A Griiffing’s Method 1 diallel mating design was used to evaluate grain yield and the combining ability of parents in F₁ crosses of six maize inbred lines. Parent inbred lines, F₁ crosses with reciprocal’s, were included in a randomized complete block design with four replications in two densities (44.640 and 64.935 plants∙ha^-1) at location Zemun Polje in 2003 and 2004.

The grain yield was significant for genotypes (F₁ and inbred lines per se) and environments in both plant densities. General combining ability (GCA), as well as specific combining ability (SCA), was significant in both plant densities and years. Reciprocal crosses were significant in lower densities in both years (P < 0.01), and in higher densities in 2003 (P < 0.05). SCA was more important than GCA for grain yield, indicating that yield is mainly controlled by non-additive gene action in F₁ crosses.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

WHITE DENT POPULATION „BELI RANI BRZAK“ FROM THE YUGOSLAV VARIETY COLLECTION CARRIES THE Ga GENE

Jelena Vančetović, Snežana Mladenović Drinić, Dragana Ignjatović-Micić and Dušan Stanisavljević

The white kerneld open pollinated variety from the Yugoslav variety collection was identified that caries a dominant Ga gene. This gene was probably a protection from the surrounding yellow kerneld maize, so population retained its specificity, as well as the recessive kernel colour. It is postulated that this variety could be used in maize breeding as a source of white dent inbred lines with already incorporated Ga gene.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

PERFORMANCE OF MEDIUM EARLY MATURITY MAIZE HYBRIDS OF DIFFERENT KERNEL TYPES UNDER VARIOUS GROWING CONDITIONS

Milomir Filipović, Snežana Mladenović Drinić and Milena Simić

Medium early maturity hybrids of the FAO maturity group 300-400 can be successfully grown in regions with a longer growing season and regions with a shorter growing season. A smaller habit provides a growth of these hybrids in greater densities, due to which higher yields are achieved in comparison with maize hybrids of a longer growing period.

The objective of the present study was to determine which of medium early maturity hybrids, regarding the kernel type, are adapted best to regions with a longer growing season and which are adapted best to regions with a shorter growing season. Eight unrelated maize inbred lines, four dent maize inbreds and four flint maize inbreds, were used as a material for this study. Six dent maize hybrids, six flint maize hybrids and 16 semi-dent-semi-flint maize hybrids were developed by a diallel analysis.

According to obtained results it is observable that medium early maturity dent hybrids in the regions with a longer growing season had higher grain yields and better grain dry‑down than medium early maturity flint hybrids. In the regions with a shorter growing season, flint hybrids had approximately equal grain yields and grain moisture contents as dent hybrids, which makes them more suitable for the growth under such conditions.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE RELATION BETWEEN YIELDING AND THE POPPING VOLUME OF THE POPPING MAIZE HYBRIDS (Zea mays L. everta)

Zorica Pajić, Jelena Srdić and Milomir Filipović

Beside the yield, as an economically important trait, the popping volume that breeders have been improving is equally important. At the same time, it is the main trait distinguishing popping maize from other types of maize. In order to provide a successful breeding and selection of popping maize, specific procedures are necessary for the evaluation of the traits selection is performed for (e.g. determination of the degree of popping and flake quality). Breeding of popping maize for improved yield is not a primary aim of breeding. If popping maize hybrids do not have a high popping volume and high quality of flakes, they will not be used in the production no matter how high yielding they are.

The yield, the popping volume and the relation of these two equally important traits, were estimated in the trial with popping maize hybrids sown in two locations. According to means for both trial locations, the observed hybrid combinations were ranked for the traits of grain yield and popping volume. Obtained ranks were used to calculate the Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. A gained value is not statistically significant, but it points to a weak negative dependence between these traits. Achieved results, once again, confirmed the difficulties of the task set before popping maize breeders - to select a hybrid combination with a high yield and at the same with a good popping volume.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

STRUCTURAL RESPONSE OF SUGAR BEET LEAF TISSUES TO SHORT-TERM WATER DEFICIENCY

Milorad Perčić, Jadranka Luković and Ivana Maksimović

Drought is abiotic factor that significantly limits production of sugar beet in our agroecological conditions. One of the objectives of breeding program is design of genotypes that are more tolerant to water deficiency. This paper describes the effects of short-term water deficiency on the basic leaf anatomical characteristics in 10 genotypes of sugar beet. These genotypes have shown significant differences in tolerance to water deficiency under field conditions. The experiment was conducted in semi-controlled conditions, on 90 days old plants. Thickness of leaf, palisade and spongy tissue have significantly increased in 5 genotypes and significantly decreased in the other 2. Changes in thickness of leaf, palisade and spongy mesophyll are the result of changes in cell dimensions and not of changes in number of tissue cells layers. Short-term water deficit had less effect on genotypes in which leaf tissue thickness decreased or slightly increased upon drought.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

application of in vitro techniques in maintaining father component of triploid hybrid sugar beet variety

Nikola Čačić, Snežana Mezei, Lazar Kovačev, Nevena Nagl and Milorad Rajić

Multigerm tetraploid sugar beet pollinators are populations, since their autosterility prevents development of inbred lines. During maintenance of pollinator population it must not be allowed changes in gene frequency, since they could cause unwanted changes in agronomically important variety traits. While maintaining pollinator population, genotypes are usually chosen for their productive traits or specific combining abilities of their progenies. In this research was used variety Crvenka mz and from chosen genotypes were formed two populations: A, from seed of superior genotypes from half sib crossing, and B from superior genotypes multiplied vegetatively in vitro (full sib). Original pollinator population and populations A and B were crossed with cms line A-0401 and 3F1 hybrids were obtained. They were included in the field micro-trial, together with their parents, in order to investigate their productive traits. Populations A and B had better combining abilities than original pollinator population. F1 hybrid of population A had higher root yield (for 2.51 t/ha) and yield of crystal sugar (for 0.28 t/ha) than F1 hybrid of original pollinator population. F1 hybrid of B population also had higher sugar content (0.04%) as well as root (for 3.11 t/ha) and crystal sugar (for 0.50 t/ha) yield than F1 hybrid of original population..

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

COMBINING ABILITY FOR ROOT YIELD AND SUGAR CONTENT OF SUGAR BEET

Živko Ćurčić and Lazar Kovačev

The paper presents results of investigation on general combining abilities (GCA) of parents and specific combining abilities (SCA) of F generation diploid hybrids in sugar beet. Material included 8 inbred lines, 3 CMS testers as maternal components and 24 F hybrids. The folowing characters were assessed: root yield and sugar content. The GCA and SCA were determined by line x tester analysis. Lines with positive GCA had hybrids with high SCA. Positive values for SCA were determined between crosses of one parent with good GCA and second parent with bad GCA. Lines with positive values of GCA for root yield had low or negative values of GCA for sugar content. Line L3 and line L6 had positive values for root yield and sugar content. In order to get hybrids with high root yield and high sugar content lines with positive values of GCA for root yield and sugar content should be given advantage. In inheritance of root yield dominant component of genotypic variance was larger then additive, while in inheritance of sugar content significant part also had additive component of genotypic variance.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

HOW TO INCREASE SUGARBEET YIELDING POTENTIAL USING

NS-BETAFIXIN

Nastasija Mrkovački, Snežana Mezei, Nikola Čačić and Lazar Kovačev

NS-Betafixin, a microbial inoculant for sugarbeet, has been developed after a long study. This formulation includes selected strains of the genus Azotobacter, isolated from sugarbeet rhizosphere on account of their capacity to fix atmospheric nitrogen. Such formulation may be used for the treatment of sugarbeet seeds or it may be incorporated into the soil before or during planting. The objective of this research was to assess the effectiveness of the two methods of application of NS-Betafixin in sugarbeet. The experimental objects were three sugarbeet cultivars developed at Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad and a mixture of Azotobacter chroococcum strains (NS-Betafixin, a microbial inoculant for sugarbeet officially approved in 2003). Experiments have been conducted in three locations (Novi Sad, Sombor, Kikinda) in a random block deisgn replicated four times. Two application methods were used: 1. soil incorporation immediately before planting and 2. seed treatment with a liquid culture of Azotobacter chroococcum (10⁹ per cm³). The obtained results showed that NS-Betafixin incorporation increased the number of azotobacters in sugarbeet rhizosphere from 14 to 86% depending on location. Seed inoculation increased the yield of sugarbeet roots by 3-4 t/ha.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

maintaining the pollinator of variety lara by recurrent selection

Snežana Mezei, Lazar Kovačev, Nikola Čačić, Nevena Nagl and Željka Stojaković

Methods of in vitro vegetative multiplication enable preservation of genotypes in unchanged state for a long period of time. In autosterile genotypes it allows us application of recurrent selection in identification of genotypes with combining abilities better than population average. Recombination of selected superior genotypes gives possibility to develop new population with improved quantitative traits. The aim of research was to develop new population of variety Lara pollinator, from genotypes preserved in in vitro conditions. Mother component of hybrid variety Lara is monogerm, male sterile family of narrow genetic base with good combining abilities, tolerant to Cercospora and with the «Holly» type resistance to rhizomania. Pollinator is diploid multigerm population, tolerant to Cercospora with «Rhizor» type of resistance to rhizomania. From original pollinator population single plants were selected according to their phenotype and used to create homogenous clone population which was preserved in the in vitro gene bank. Micropropagation was done using inflorescence as explant. According to their performance superior genotypes were selected for development of new pollinator population.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CYTOGENETIC STUDIES OF CYTOPLASMATIC MALE STERILITY IN RAPESEED

Jovanka Atlagić, Ana Marjanović-Jeromela and Radovan Marinković

The focus of current rapeseed breeding programs is the creation of hybrids. That implies finding new sources of CMS and their transfer to genotypes that have the genes for other agronomically important traits. Different types of CMS were used in this study and they were transferred to inbred lines by backcrossing. CMS traits were analyzed by evaluating the phase of stamens – anthers development, presence of pollen in anthers, pollen vitality and analysis of meiosis – microsporogenesis. Anthers were frequently poorly developed and without pollen in male sterile flowers. Meiosis was regular (pachytene, diakinesis, metaphase I, anaphase I, anaphase II, telophase II). The difference in CMS types can be made by the phase in which microsporogenesis is interrupted. Most often, the interruption happened after the phase of tetrads. Microspores were found in some cases and even pollen grains, but they were deformed and sterile.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

GENETIC DIVERGENCE OF SOYBEAN (Glycine max L.) GENOTYPES IN PHENOLS CONTENT

Sanja Kereši, Marija Kraljević-Balalić, Đorđe Malenčić and Jegor Miladinović

Phenols present in soybean seed can increase its resistance to diseases and pests, and may act as powerfull antioxidants beneficial for human and animal nutrition. Aim of this research was to establish the amount of total phenols and flavonoids in seeds of 14 local and foreign genotypes of soybean, and to determine the level of their divergence using cluster analysis. Total phenols and flavonoids content, was determined from 70% aqueous acetone seed extract using spectrophotometry, and data were processed statistically in MSTAT-C and Statistica 7.0 programs. On the basis of statistically significant differences in total phenols content between them, genotypes have been grouped into three clusters. According to flavonoids content, analysed genotypes also formed three clusters. Significantly lower flavonoid content showed only genotype Sava. Chinese genotype LN92 - 7369 has the highest level of total phenols and flavonoids, and it could be recomended for the program of hybridization.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SOYBEAN PARENTAL LINES AND SEED YIELD OF THEIR PROGENY

Vesna Perić, Iva Erić, Snežana Drinić-Mladenović and Mirjana Srebrić

The main goal in breeding self-pollinated crops is to develop and identify superior genotypes, which result from transgressive segregation of parental alleles. The probability of obtaining such genotypes increases as the parents are genetically distant and differ for more genes that affect the trait. Genetic markers are useful tool for estimating genetic diversity between parents and predicting the performance of traits in progeny.

Objection of this study was to estimate genetic distance (GD) between genotype ZPS 015 and genotypes L 91-3103, Ravnica, Shine, L 90-14 and ZPS 107, and compare GD to seed yield and number of superior lines of their progeny. Genotype ZPS 015 has been used as a parent in crosses with other five genotypes. All genotypes have good agronomic performances and are supposed to produce superior progeny. RAPD analysis of these genotypes with 18 random primers gave totally 75 fragments which of 20 % were polymorphic. Coefficients of similarity by Jaccard and Simple Matching Coefficient suggest small genetic distance between parental lines. The seed yield’s data of F4 progeny by each cross were compared to genetic distance between parents with Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient, which was negative and non-significant.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE EFFECT OF ECOLOGICAL CONDITION ON CORRELATION OF MORPHOLOGIC-PRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTIC OF THREE CULTIVARS OF SOY-BEAN

Radovan Sabovljević, Vladan Plazinić, Srđan Anđelović and Milorad Rošulj

In field experiment the effect of uncontrolled ecological condition is researched (meteorological condition during vegetation period) and controlled of ecological condition (crops density) on correlation connection in showing morphologic-productive characteristic plant of three domestic cultivar of soy-bean. Experiment was in three vegetation periods (1999, 2000 and 2001) with three crop density (300.000, 400.000 and 600.000 plants per hectare) and three cultivar of soy-bean (Dragana, Nera and Volođa).

Following morphologic – productive characteristic were measured on plants: high of stem (plant); number of node; number of pods on plant (total) number of seed on plant (total); number of branches on plant; number of pods on branches; number of seed on branches. Coefficients of correlation are determined (r) between each characteristic. Correlation for each type is determined (vegetation period) for each cultivar of soy-bean separately. Values of coefficient correlation (r) are different (per year, cultivar and between characteristic) but tendency of grouping of its coefficient could be determined. Crops density is taken per growing series during correlation putting.

For characteristic number of pod per plant (total) and number of seed on plant (total) is done and claster analysis (to the base of difference, Euklid distance) in ration to interacrion of total ecological condition (year x density) in soy-bean crops. Cluster grouping and coefficient of correlation show compatibility in showing. To the cluster analyze (dendrogram) three cultivar of soy-bean is determined is difference clearly in retain to the effect of total ecological condition.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CHEMICAL MUTAGENESIS IN HEAD CABBAGE Brassica oleracea var capitata L.

І. SURVIVAL AND VARIABILITY OF PROPERTIES FROM MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF M₁GENERATION

Galina Antonova, Vesselina Nikolova, Valentina Petkova and Nasya Tomlekova

The purpose of study was to establish the chemical mutagene influence – ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) on the germination and the survival of head cabbage plants in M₁generation, variety Ditmarsko, as well as to establish the phenotype expression changes of properties from morphological characteristic in economic maturity.

Chemical mutagene EMS application in seed of 0,5 %, 0,6 % and 0,7 % concentration was studied not to cause lethality under LD₅₀ in M₁generation, variety Ditmarsko. Germination and survival are relatively resistant processes, which were differently influenced by EMS concentration. Chemical mutagene gave inhibiting and stimulating effects on the property expressions from the morphological characteristic of M₁generation genotypes. It resulted in a widely phenotype diversity regarding to studied indexes.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CHEMICAL MUTAGENESIS IN HEAD CABBAGE Brassica oleracea var capitata L.

ІІІ. EFFECT OF ETHYL METHANE SULPHONATE ON MYCOSPOROGENESIS AND POLLEN FERTILITY

Vesselina Nikolova, Antonova Galina, Nasya Tomlekova and Valentina Petkova

The aim of present investigation was to study the effect of different ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) concentrations (0.5, 0.6 and 0.7%) on microsporogenesis and on the fertility of male gametophyte in M₁plants, obtained from treated cabbage seeds (variety “Ditmarsko” ).

It was established that the increase of EMS concentrations results in decrease of pollen fertility values and in increase of the percentage of plants with low values of this trait. Cytological analysis in plants with low level of pollen fertility showed, that EMS has a negative effect on the homologous chromosomes conjugation and also on their correct dividing and migration to the poles of spindles, as a result of which the microsporogenesis run with disturbances and formation of non-reduced and non-balanced gametes.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CHEMICAL MUTAGENESIS IN HEAD CABBAGE (Brassica oleracea var capitata L.

IV. DNA polymorphism

Nasya Tomlekova, Vesselina Nikolova, Valentina Petkova and Galina Antonova

ISSR-PCR method was applied for a detection of induced variability on a DNA level in M₁ generation after EMS chemical treatment in concentrations 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7% of seeds from head cabbage, cv. Ditmarsko.

Different patterns of mutant plants obtained from the studied species were established by randomly selected primer sequences among tandem repeats. Polymorphisms were revealed among M₁ and control plants. Diverse DNA patterns of mutant plants were identified. As a result of the pre-breeding screening done in M₁, altered plants were selected and seeds for growing the next M₂ generation were gathered.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

NENA – WINTER OILSEED RAPE VARIETY

Radovan Marinković, Dragan Škorić and Ana Marjanović-Jeromela

On January 19, 2005, a newly developed winter oil rape cultivar was registered under the number 320-09-39/14/1-2005-06. and entered into the Newly Developed Cultivars Register under the commercial name NENA. During 2002-2004, the cultivar (application code NS-L-15) had been tested in trials of the Federal Bureau for Plant and Animal Genetic Resources under code number 9346/01.

Nena belongs in the 0 cultivar group. It has a herbaceous stem bluish-green in color and is 95-125 cm tall with 6-9 lateral branches that form at a height of 45 cm and above. A single plant has 9-12 leaves and around 520 husks with 10-30 seeds whose 1,000-seed mass is 4.0 g. The growing season length is about 283-288 days. The cultivar has a high genetic potential for seed yield — over 4.5 t/ha. The seed oil and protein contents are up to 47% and 23%, respectively. Nena is able to withstand low temperatures well. Due to its low levels of eruca acid (below 1%) its oil is suitable for human nutrition.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

COMBINING ABILITIES OF RAPESEED (Brassica napus L.) LINES

Ana Marjanović-Jeromela, Radovan Marinković and Dragana Miladinović

Acreage under rapeseed in the world increases steadily. Rapeseed is grown for oil for human consumption, feed production and biodizel. For faster advance in breeding it is necessary to know variability and combining ability of selection material i.e. the mode of inheritance of certain traits.

General (GCA) and specific combining abilities (SCA) of five rapeseed varieties as well as the mode of inheritance of plant height, height to the first lateral branch, number of lateral branches and seed yield per plant were analyzed in this paper. Positive heterosis for plant height and number of lateral branches was found in one crossing combination while positive heterosis for the height of the first lateral branch and seed yield was found in two crossing combinations.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

GRAIN AND OIL YIELDS OF SUNFLOWER DEPENDING ON PLANTING DATE

Igor Balalić, Nenad Dušanić and Jovan Crnobarac

The sunflower is the main oilcrop in a number of countries including Serbia and Montenegro. For successful production of edible oil, hybrids are needed which are capable of providing high grain production, i.e., high production of oil per unit area. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of planting date, hybrid and year of growing on grain and oil yields of sunflower. Three hybrids (Miro, Rimi, Pobednik) were planted at 8 dates (in 10-day intervals from 20 March to 1 June). Experiments were conducted during two growing seasons in a random block design with 4 replications at the experiment field of Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. Grain yield was expressed in kg/ha. Oil yield (kg/ha) represented a product of grain yield and oil content. Data were processed by means of STATISTICA 7.0. The analysis of variance showed that grain and oil yields were predominantly influenced by the year of growing (83.5% and 91.5%, respectively). The other sources of variation, except the interaction hybrid x year, were important too for the characteristics under study. Oil yield did not vary significantly in dependence of the hybrid. The influence of planting date on grain and oil yields amounted to 3.74% and 4.28%, respectively. The yields of grain and oil were significantly higher in 2004 than in 2005 in average for all planting dates and hybrids.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CYTOGENETIC STUDY OF HEXAPLOID SPECIES Helianthus tuberosus AND ITS F₁ AND BC₁F₁ HYBRIDS WITH CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER, H. annuus

Jovanka Atlagić and Sreten Terzić

Helianthus tuberosus is a potential source of resistance to many disease-provoking pathogens. Three accessions of H. tuberosus were used in this research and they were crossed with cultivated sunflower. Six F₁ and two BC₁F₁ hybrid combinations were obtained. Analysis of meiosis was performed using aceto carmine method (Georgieva-Todorova, 1976) and pollen vitality was determined by staining method of Alexander (1969). Meiosis was regular in cultivated sunflower and the pollen vitality was high (96.8-98.9%). Low percent of irregularities was found in the meiosis of H. tuberosus. Pollen vitality was high (97.2-98.7%). Chromosome pairing was mostly regular in F₁ hybrids (34 bivalents), but some meiocytes contained 28-32 bivalents with uni- and quadrivalents present. The percent of meiocytes with fast chromosomes in metaphase I was 24.6-87.2, with lagging chromosomes in anaphase I 10.5-81.0 and in telophase 25.0-33.3. Chromosome bridges were detected in 0-9.9% of meiocytes in anaphase. Pollen vitality in F₁ hybrids ranged from 27.0 to 47.9%. In BC₁F₁ hybrids, number of bivalents was 16-25, univalents 2-18 and multivalents 0-1. Although a triploid set of chromosomes (51) was expected in BC₁F₁ hybrids, number of chromosomes was 45-57. Pollen vitality varied from 0 to 54.3%.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CHARACTERIZATION OF F₁ INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS BETWEEN WILD

Helianthus annuus L. POPULATIONS AND CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER

Sreten Terzić, Jovanka Atlagić and Dejana Panković

Phenotype, chromosomes pairing and pollen vitality were compared between parental populations and F₁ hybrids of interspecific cross between Helianthus annuus L. and cultivated sunflower. The investigation of the simple sequence repeats (SSR) polymorphism was also used to test the hybrid nature of F₁ populations.

The phenotypic traits of F₁ hybrid plants were either closer to the wild species or intermediate. Irregular chromosome pairing was found in only 0 to 10% of meiocytes in the meiosis of F₁hybrid plants. Interspecific crosses were confirmed with SSR markers in all hybrid combinations. Alleles that were not present in parental DNA were frequently observed in F₁hybrids. That is additional evidence that those hybrid combinations were not produced by self-fertilization.

The results suggest that SSR markers can be efficiently used for the F₁ hybrid characterization in crosses between closely related species, in which, the changes of phenotype, meiosis and pollen vitality are not always significant.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

GENETICS OF HEAD DIAMETER AND 1000-SEED WEIGHT: HERITABILITY, NUMBER OF AFFECTING FACTORS AND CORRELATIONS

Radovan Marinković, Dejan Jovanović and Ana Marjanović – Jeromela

Two single cross sunflower hybrids made by crossing four inbred lines have been analyzed for the effect of additive and dominant genes and their interaction on the inheritance of 1000-seed weight and head diameter. We studied the narrow- and wide-sense heritability (h_a and h_b) and the number of factors (k) that control the studied traits. Individual scaling tests and estimates of additive, dominant and epistatic gene effects were conducted according to the generation mean analysis (Mather, 1949 and Mather i Jinks, 1982). The wide-sense heritability (h_b) was calculated according to Mahmud and Kramer (1951), Briggs and Knowles (1967), Mather (1949), Burton (1951), Weber and Moorthy (1952) and Lawrence and Jinks (1973), the narrow-sense heritability (h_a) according to Warner (1952). Standard error in the calculation of heritability was calculated as proposed by Pesek and Baker (1971). The numbers of factors affecting 1000-seed weight and head diameter were calculated according to Weber (1950) and Burton (1951). Regression and correlation coefficients were calculated for each line separately according to Briggs and Knowles (1967). The additive dominant model was not adequate for 1000-seed weight in the second cross (C₂), and for head diameter in both crosses (C₁ and C₂). The model was adequate for 1000-seed weight in the first cross (C₁). Additive gene effects were more important than non-additive ones in the inheritance of 1000-seed weight in both crosses and in the inheritance of head diameter in the second cross (C₂). The epistatic gene effects additive x dominant (j) and dominant x dominant (l) were significant only in the inheritance of 1000-seed mass in the second cross. Type of epistasis could be determined only for 1000-seed weight in the second cross. It was duplicate epistasis between dominant decreasers. The wide-sense heritability ranged from 47.57% to 50.20%, or 48.54% on average, for 1000-seed mass and from 0.0% to 60.39%, or 34.80% on average, for head diameter. The average narrow-sense heritabilities for 1000-seed weight and head diameter were 13.94%, and 34.87%, respectively. Evidently, a single gene controlled the studied traits in the examined lines.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

EVALUATION OF THE PRODUCTIVITY COMPONENTS IN POTATO BREEDING MATERIALS

Emiliya Nacheva

During the period 2003-2005 in the Institute of Vegetable Crops-Maritza, Plovdiv the productivity components of seven mid-early potato varieties and lines (E 28, E 30, E 68, E 102, E 199, E 330, Sante) have been studied and estimated. The purpose of this study is to establish the effect of the conditions of the year, conditions of the ecological region, genotype and interaction between them on character variation stem number per plant, tuber number per stem, standard and non standard tuber number per plant, standard tuber weight. The lines E 68 (5.6) and E 30 (4.9) are characterized with the greatest stem number per plant and the lines E 102 (118.9g) and E 199 (90.2 g) are characterized with the highest standard tuber weight. The highest productivity (g/cluster) is registered in the line Е 102 (808.5g) and Е 199 (775.7g).

The phenotypic variability of the main productivity components (a stem number per plant, a tuber number per stem and a weight of a standard tuber) is due in the first place to genotypic differences between the studied lines and varieties, while the variation of their derivatives (a tuber number and weight per cluster) depends in a greater extent on the interaction of the genotype with factors of the environment.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

IMPLEMENTATION OF MUTANTS (NOR AND RIN GENES) FOR

TOMATO (Licopersicon esculentum MILL.) BREEDING

Dejan Cvikić, Bogoljub Zečević, Nenad Pavlović and Slaven Prodanović

Two tomato lines with normal ripening (NR-1 and NR-2) and two mutant lines (NR-10 i NR-12) with delayed ripening (shelf life) have been crossed by using the method of full diallel crossing (without reciprocals). The determination of mutant gene has been performed by using the χ² test on 100 fruit samples in F₂ generation.

The failure of parental and F1 and F2 generation fruits was observed for 60 days after picking in 10 days intervals. The fruits were stored inn controlled conditions (in dark on 5⁰C).

Tomato genotypes with nor or rin gene have the traits which are desirable in contemporary selection (delayed ripening, good shelf life and good firmness of fruits), so they should be included in selection programmes which aim to create the commercial F₁ hybrids.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

RUBIN - NEW PEPPER VARIETY FOR GRINDING

Velichka Todorova and Galina Pevicharova

The new variety is created at the Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Its high quality production is suitable for processing in paprika powder and oleoresine.

The plants form mid-high 46-65 cm indeterminate bush with 20-25 cm long stem, 2-3 comparatively well leafy embranchments and on average 9-16 red fruits. The leaves are green, oval, pointed to the top with medium length and width.

Rubin distinguishes by the pendant fruits and easier picking from the other two Bulgarian varieties Gorogled 6 and Buketen 50. The fruits are with sharp apex, narrowed on the base and with embracing calyx. The fruit length is on average 9-11 cm and diameter approximately 2 cm. The fruit surface is relatively smooth with very slight longitudinal concavities and without sun burns. The fruit weight is on average 8-15 g and the usable fruit part - 85-90 %.

Rubin exceeds in dry matter yield Gorogled 6 by 10 - 15 % and Buketen 50 by 15 - 20 %. The dry matter content at optimal harvesting term is about 22 % and the pigments are 170 - 220 ASTA. The new variety does not distinguish by quality and quantity of the pigments from Gorogled 6 and Buketen 50. It keeps comparatively high content of pigments during one year storage under storehouse conditions.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

MARKET VALUE OF NEW EXPERIMENTAL HYBRIDS OF PEPPERS

Todor Tudžarov

Pepper in Macedonia is placed second regarding field production, and takes one of three scaled places by useful agricultural fields, which are from 7-9000 ha, and in the recent years more of the pepper production is exported. Concerning export, beside industrial peppers we can see more and more early breaded peppers. Increased and intensive production of early breaded peppers grown in green houses requires use of suitable high quality hybrids. This was the main motive for making of native, homemade, hybrids, adapted to specific agrological and ecological conditions present in our enviroment, which will lead the way of massive production. In this paper we have tested 14 hybrids concerning 4 standards: 10 hybrids with acrimonious fruits and 4 with sweet one. Tests were conducted in green houses without heating in period of 2 years on locations in Skopje and Prilep, with amount of 20 plants of pepper, without repetitions.

We have managed to achieve crop in limits of 84,7 to 112,4 t/ha for acrimonious peppers and from 75,5 to 101,8 t/ha for sweet peppers. Index of Early maturity for certain hybrids was in limits of 47,1 to 57,1 % for acrimonious and 42,8% to 62,8 % for sweet peppers. Mass of the fruit was in limits of 37 to 59 gr for acrimonious and 45 to 99 gr for sweet fruits in average. Hybrids in test mainly have yellow color or yellow-green or yellow-white tone. Fruit form of tested hybrids is mainly from horn type for acrimonious fruits, considering cone type for sweet types of fruits. Concerning the results that were presented, there are several (5-6) acrimonious hybrids and 2 sweet hybrids that by applying much work could be presented in the sort list.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

VARIABILITY AND HERITABILITY COEFFICIENT OF AVERAGE DRY MATTER CONTENT IN ONION (Allium cepa L.) BULB

Nenad Pavlović, Dejan Cvikić, Milan Zdravković, Radiša Đorđević and Slaven Prodanović

In order to research the variability of average dry matter content in onion bulbs, the trial has been set up on the experimental plot in the Centre for Vegetable Crops in Smederevska Palanaka during 2000. and 2001. The trial has been performed by applying the method of random block design with five replicas. Ten cultivars of different geographical origin have been used. Examined characteristics were determined by applying the variance analysis of two-factorial trial – model 2. Hadzivukovic, 1991. The components of phenotype variance, genotype and phenotype coefficient of variance and heritability in broader sense have been calculated according to Singh and Chaudhary (1976).

The significant variability has been found for dry matter content in bulbs during both years of research. The researched trait had a greater genotype variance than out door conditions factor variance and the coefficient of phenotype variation greater than genetic variance coefficient.

High percentage of genetic variability in total phenotype variability has been confirmed by high heritability.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE EFFECT OF AFILA GENE ON FIRST POD HEIGHT OF PEA Pisum sativum L.

Radiša Đorđević, Bogoljub Zečević, Jelena Damnjanović, Nenad Pavlović and Milan Zdravković

The af gene in homozygote recessive condition causes modification of pea leaf, so instead of normal leaf, the plant forms vines with stipules. The afila type pea Filigreen has been crossed with 12 varieties of normal leaf structure in order to research the effect of afila genotype on height of the first pod in progeny. This trait is very important for industrial varieties since they are harvested mechanically. Genetic analysis of F₁and F₂generation(separation ratio 3:1, normal leaf : afila) showed the monogenetic character of this trait. Stalk height till the first pod in F₁ generation (with normal leaf) was higher than in parental lines for both types, averagely 14%, which is caused by super-domination and heterosis. The F₂ generation with normal stalk structure had lower stalk till the first pod comparing to the F₁ generation for 8%, and for afila plants for 12% comparing to F₁ generation. Height of forming the first pod in F₂afila population was inherited from better parents (father).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

COMBININING ABILITY FOR FRUIT WEIGHT IN WATERMELON

Jelica Gvozdanović-Varga, Mirjana Vasić and Janko Červenski

Watermelons take a significant part of the horticultural acreage. Watermelon production may be improved by choosing appropriate cultivars. Watermelon breeding includes the development of pure lines and combining ability testing by different methods. In this study, 6 watermelon lines were crossed in a full diallel. We analyzed fruit weight since this is a trait which directly affects yield performance and, simultaneously, it is a market parameter. The ANOVA for combining ability of the tested lines showed significant differences in GCA and SCA. The lines P-2 and P-4 were good general combiners for fruit size. Thez had high SCA values in direct and reciprocal crosses. The frequency of dominant alleles was higher than that of recessive ones. Since, however, the value of average degree of dominance was smaller than unity, the inheritance of fruit size in watermelons showed partial dominance when all combinaitons were taken into account.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

SEED YIELD COMPONENTS OF PERENNIAL RYEGRASS (Lolium perenne L.)

POPULATIONS

Dejan Sokolović, Jasmina Radović, Zoran Lugić, Zorica Tomić and Snežana Babić

After long lasting breeding process and obtaining of the certain amount of new cultivar basic seed of perennial ryegrass, long pathway of seed multiplication is expected. New genotypes have to have good seed production traits, because seed multiplication has to be profitable for producers. During creation of new cultivars of perennial ryegrass, besides breeding of agronomical important traits, we have to be focused on seed yield breeding, too.

In this work seed yield components of breeding populations of perennial ryegrass, which had been collected in central Serbia, were investigated. Main seed yield components were examined: number of generative tillers per plant, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, spikelets length, 1000 grain weight, floret site utilization and seed yield per plant. The biggest number of generative tillers is scored in population Jastrebac (502), which has shown the highest seed yield (8,12g), too. Great genetic variability inside the populations and significant differences between populations were established for all investigated traits. High coefficient of correlation between spike length and number of generative tillers was determined. Also, there were strong interrelationship among FSU and tillering time, and spikelets number, respectively.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

GENETIC VARIABILITY FOR COMPONENT OF SEED PRODUCTION

OF ALFALFA (Medicago sativa L.)

Jasmina Radović, Zoran Lugić, Goran Jevtić and Ratibor Štrbanović

The aim of this investigation is to determined genetic variability for component of seed production of alfalfa. The progeny used for this examining were obtained by hand polination of randomly chosen plants from population according to a procedure for xenogam plants suggested by Comstock and Robinson (1948). There have been studied 48 half -sib (HS) progenies separated in two sets. During two years period the following caracteristic have been examined on spaced plants: plant height, number of steam per plant, number of pod per steam, number of seed per pod and seed yield per plant.

Results showed a high variability for examined traits in different years of investigation. In the first year of investigation, higher values were obtained for all traits. Determinated parameters of variability indicate high genetic potential of evaluated population for all examined traits. High variability was obtained for seed yield and number of steam, while the lower coefficient of variation was noticed for plant height and other traits. Variability of individual plants within HS progeny was higher for all traits than variability between HS. The high variation of examined traits represent on significant genetic variability inside the population.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CORELLATIONS BETWEEN YIELD COMPONENTS OF ALFALFA

Olivera Ilić and Dragan Đukić

The result of examinations correlations between yield components of ten alfalfa genotypes under conditions of open pollination (polycross) was given. The examinations were conducted at Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, in Rimski Sancevi between 2000-2002. Highly significant correlations were established between pod number per inflorescence and seed number per inflorescence (r= 0.645) as well as seed number per pod and seed number per inflorescence (r= 0.685). Similarly, the correlation between inflorescence number per stem and seed yield was significant and positive (r= 0.589). Negative correlation existed between ovule number per ovary on one side and seed yield and inflorescence number per stem on the other (r= - 0.617 and r= - 0.598, respectively).

The highest seed yield was achieved with Europe variety (651.4 kg ha ^-1), the lowest with the genotypes Le-6 (426.25 kg ha ^-1). The difference was high significant (CV= 14.93%).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CHARACTERISTICS OF DOMESTIC CULTIVARS OF RED CLOVER

(Trifolium pratense L.) ACCORDING TO UPOV PROTOCOL

Sanja Vasiljević, Aleksandar Mikić, Vojislav Mihailović, Slobodan Katić, Zoran Lugić,

Gordana Šurlan-Momirović, Tomislav Živanović, Dragan Milić and Imre Pataki

The red clover is the second most important perennial forage legume. In Serbia and Montenegro it is grown at about 123,000 ha. The domestic market is predominated by cultivars developed in domestic research centers (Centar for Forage Crops, Kruševac, and Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad). Considering the increasing demand for seed of Serbian red clover cultivars abroad and their prospective appearance on the international market, it is important for our country to join UPOV, Geneve. The 1961 UPOV Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants and its 1972, 1978 and 1991 revisions defined breeders' rights and imposed the requirements of distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) for protected cultivars. In order to register and protect the domestic red clover cultivars, we procured international standards and, in 2005, established trials according to the 1985 and 2001 UPOV protocols for red clover testing at Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops. The following parameters were tested: seedcoat color, ploidy level, plant height in the year of planting, leaf color in the year of planting, flowering trends in the year of planting, flowering period, stem length, stem diameter, number of internodes, stem pubescence, medium lamina shape, medium lamina length, medium lamina width, frequency of leaf spots and the growth habit in the fall of the year of planting. Similarities and differences among the cultivars were determined by multivariate analysis.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

EFFECT OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS ON YIELD OF GRAIN IN

FEED PEA (Pisum sativum L.)

Vojislav Mihailović, Aleksandar Mikić, Slobodan Katić, Đura Karagić, Pero Erić and Branko Ćupina

A small-plot trial with cultivars of feed pea (Pisum sativum L.) has been conducted at the Rimski Šančevi Experiment Field of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops during 2003, 2004 and 2005, including three cultivars of so-called wild type (with a genetic structure of Det Le Fa Fas Af Det), three cultivars with determinate growth of stem, shortened internodes and normal leaf type (det le Af), three cultivars with determinate growth of stem, shortened internodes and afila leaf type (det le af), two cultivars with fasciated stem (fa fas) and three cultivars with strongly developed funiculus (def). The cultivars of wild type had the greatest plant height (92 cm) and number of internodes per stem (23.7). The greatest numbers of pods (8.0) and grains (28.5) per plant were found in the cultivars with fasciated stems. The cultivars with determinate growth of stem, shortened internodes and normal leaf type, as well as those with afila leaf type, had the largest 1000-grain mass (243 g and 230 g) and the highest yields of grain per plant (5.55 g and 5.64 g) and area unit (5612 kg ha^-1 and 5524 kg ha^-1). The highest harvest index (0.51) was determined in the cultivars with afila leaf type and the cultivars with strongly developed funiculus.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CORRELATIONS BETWEEN THE COMPONENTS OF GREEN FORAGE IN

LUCERNE (Medicago sativa L.) DEPENDING ON YEAR OF LIFE

Vladanka Mikić, Jasmina Radović, Zoran Lugić and Dragi Lazarević

A small-plot trial with the variability of agronomic characteristics in lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) related to green forage has been conducted during 2001, 2002 and 2003 at the Experiment Field of the Center for Forage Crops in Mačkovac, including eight genotypes selected from hybrid populations. Plant height (cm), number of tillers per plant, number of lateral branches per plant, length of middle leaflet (mm), width of middle leaflet (mm) and fresh plant mass (g) were monitored. In the year of establishment, there were three cuttings, while in the second and the third years there were four cuttings each. In the first year, there were positive correlations between number of tillers per plant and plant mass (r=0,76) and between number of tillers per plant and number of lateral branches per plant (r=0,48). In the second year, plant mass was in high positive correlation with plant height (r=0,74) and in a moderate positive correlation with length of middle leaflet (r=0,58), while plant height was in positive correlations with number of lateral branches per plant (r=0,63) and length of middle leaflet (r=0,55). In the third year, there were positive correlations between plant mass and plant height (r=0,69) and plant mass and number of tillers per plant (r=0,59).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

MORPHOLOGICAL AND POMOLOGICAL TRAITS VARIABILITY OF ALMOND GENOTYPES FROM SLANKAMEN HILL POPULATION

Slavica Čolić, Gordan Zec, Dejan Marinković and Snežana Đurović

Almond production in Serbia is much lower then needs and possibilities, and it’s growing is limited on the garden plots. Short period of biological rest and early blooming are the characteristics of almond. Because of that it’s growing can be successful only in some locations in Serbia. Slankamen hill is one of them, where the almond seedlings mass growing on the garden plots. Spontaneus almond population from Slankamen hill has great genetical variability of morphological and pomological traits. During several years visiting of this location and evaluation of more than 300 almond seedlings tree, 21 genotypes with good and regular cropping, have been selected. Tree habit, vigor and ramification, flower color and size, nut size and shape, were research. Description was given on the basis of almond descriptor (IBPGR, 1985). Researching, selection and collection of almond genotypes and their using in the breeding programs are the goals of this work.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

BIOLOGICAL AND POMOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME NATURAL POPULATION WALNUT SELECTIONS

Milisav Mitrović, Rade Miletić, Milan Rakićević, Miladin Blagojević and Ivana Glisić

Walnut population in Serbia, especially in some regions, is very rich and heterogenous. Besides, walnut belongs among anemophilic species and its progeny is characterized by high polimorphism rate. Thus, available genetic fond within the populations is the base of the walnut selection. It is also a potential providing high quality selection with the aim of development of new cultivars. Owing to the stated, the selection under in situ conditions has been continuously conducted. The paper presents major bilogical and pomological properties for the sorted walnut selections over 2002 – 2005. The trees of the sorted selections are vital, vigorous and with different onset and end of the vegetation cycle. These display good resistance to low winter temeperatures and Gnomonia leptostyla parasite, causal agent of the walnut anthracnose. These selections are regular and heavy croppers with accentuated cropping potential. Their fruits are of superior quality and exceed all generally accepted standard walnut cultivars by their properties.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE STUDY OF POPULATIONS OF WILD AND TURKISH HAZELNUT AND THEIR CLONAL SELECTION

Milisav Mitrović, Rade Miletić, Milan Rakićević, Miladin Blagojević and Žaklina Karaklajić-Stajić

Among other kernel fruit varieties hazelnut follows walnut by its relevance and population rate. Its fruits are superior in quality with pronounced flavour which makes them target fruit variety in the industry of sweets. Current forms of wild and natural Turkish hazelnut have generative origin, being a rich genetic fond, significant for the selection. Maintenance of the current germplasm and formation of commercial plantings are the objectives of hazelnut selection. Developing cultivars with oval and somewhat smaller fruits is one of the recent demands of the processing hazelnut industry. The paper presents major properties of the studied hazelnut populations and characters of the sorted selections. Bushes and trees exhibiting pronounced vitality and vigour, high and regular cropping, resistence to low temperatures and Curculium nucum have been particularly analysed. Besides these characters, a special attention has been devoted to size, shape and weight both of the fruits and kernel as well as to the chemical composition.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

VARIABILITY COMPONENTS AND HERITABILITY OF POMOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN SOUR CHERRY CLONES OF CULTIVAR MONTMORENCY

Milica Fotirić, Dragan Nikolić and Vera Rakonjac

In 12 sour cherry clones of cultivar Montmorency 5 pomological (fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, stone weight and fruit stem length) and 4 chemical characteristics (soluble solid content, total sugar content, invert sugar content and total acid content) were investigated. Based on results of analysis of variance for all examined characteristics, variability components, coefficients of genetic and phenotypic variation and heritability in a broader sense were calculated. For all pomological properties very significant differences between investigated clones were established, while differences considering chemical characteristics were not significant. Very significant influence of investigation year was determined for majority of examined properties except for total acid content. Considering components of total variability, exactly year represented the component that caused variability of majority examined characteristics in the highest percentage. Coefficients of genetic variation showed that in investigated clones total acid content varied the least (CV_g= 1.79%), and the most fruit weight (CV_g= 11.41%). The lowest phenotypic varying was determined for fruit length (CV_f= 4.01%) but the highest for fruit weight (CV_f= 13.86%). Coefficient of heritability was the highest for stone weight (h² = 70.27%), and the lowest for total acid content (h² = 7.73%).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

PARENT GENOTYPE INFLUENCE TO LEAF CURL Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul. SUSCEPTIBILITY OF HYBRID VINEYARD PEACH SEEDLINGS

Gordan Zec, Slavica Čolić, Dejan Marinković and Zoran Janković

Taphrina deformans (Berk) Tul. is the one of the most dangerous peach pathogen. Ill peach leaves are deforming (curling) and fall in June. Very strong infection can cause totally lost of leaves. In the collection of the selected vineyard peach genotypes and newest peach and nectarine varieties in the period 1994-1998 leaf curl susceptibility were examined. Vineyard peach genotype GR/65/87 and industrial variety Villa Ada are showed low susceptibility to leaf curl pathogen. Because of that they are used as parents in breeding. Progeny of more than 200 seedlings were gotten from breeding combinations GR/65/87 x Villa Ada, GR/65/87 x Vesna, Autumn Glo x GR/65/87, Autumn Glo x Villa Adai GR/65/87 x GR/65/87. During two and three years seedlings have been evaluated in the open field, without pesticide application. Low susceptible seedlings were selected and after evaluation of their pomological traits they will be used in the further breeding work.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

INVESTIGATION OF POLLEN GERMINATION, MEIOSIS AND DEGREE OF FECUNDATION AT SOME CULTIVARS OF GRAPEVINE

Biljana Markovska, Zvonimir Božinović, Srebra Ilić-Popova and Violeta Dimovska

The results of the research in the paper are very important for science and practical work and will be used for further selection of grapevine.

The paper presents the results from research of pollen germination and pollen vitality at some introduced cultivars of grapevine (Vitis Vinifera L.) – palieri, italia, merlot, chardonnay into - in vitro conditions.

For investigation of the pollen germination and meiosis, examined materials were treated with “Squash” method of Darlington and La Cour (squashing in a drop of aceto-orcein or aceto-carmin). The degree of fecundation was determined with isolating of the flowers, before flowering. Regularity of the reductional division in the microsporogenesis were carried with observation microscopic.

The examined cultivars of grapevine are mainly characterized with good germination of pollen and with a good degree of fecundation in optimal conditions.

Fertility an functionality of pollen are very important for degree of fecundation in isolated and normal conditions. Examined elements are of a great importance for further yield and quality of the grape on the cultivars.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

LEAD EFFECT UPON NITROGEN METABOLISM

AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF POPLAR CLONES (Populus sp.)

Nataša Nikolić, Andrej Pilipović, Slobodanka Pajević, Borivoj Krstić and Saša Orlović

The impact of different lead (Pb) concentrations of nutrient medium upon total nitrogen (N) content and the activity of nitrate-reductase (ANR) of root and leaves, as well as total biomass production of three poplar clones was studied to define genotypes suitable for indication and remediation of contaminated areas. The analysis of the above parameters of N metabolism was associated with the Pb bioaccumulation rate in leaf and root tissues. Plants were grown using the method of water cultures including 0 M Pb (control), 10^-5 M Pb, and 10^-4 M Pb. Cuttings were rooted in distilled water for 40 days and then transferred to a full Hoagland nutrient solution. After 14 days plants were alternately moved to distilled water containing Pb (one day) and nutrient solution without Pb (also one day) for next 14 days. A stimulating effect of tissue Pb upon total N was evident. An increase of leaf and root N content with Pb elevation was highly expressed in root, whereas less evident in leaf. Activity of nitrate-reductase relied upon tissue Pb. A greater ANR was obtained with poplar leaves than with root, relying upon the analysed genotypes. Pb content in nutrient medium, namely in plant tissue decreased ANR in leaf, whereas increased in root. Obtained ratio of N content and the activity of nitrate-reductase in root and aboveground part points out the effect of Pb upon nitrate and nitrite transport from root into aboveground part as well as the redistribution of organic matter. Pb accumulation rate in leaf tissue affected total plant biomass. Elevation of Pb content in plant tissue reducted biomass production in almost all the analysed clones.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF POPLAR CLONES

(Populus sp.) AS RELATED TO LEAD CONTAMINATION

Slobodanka Pajević, Nataša Nikolić, Andrej Pilipović, Borivoj Krstić and Saša Orlović

The effect of different lead (Pb) concentrations in nutrent medium upon the photosynthesis intensity and transpiration, concentration of photosynthetic pigments, and the accumulation of dry matter in leaves of three poplar clones was studied to define genotypes suitable for indication and remediation of contaminated areas. Pb bioaccumulation rate and content of dry matter in poplar leaves and root were analysed. Plants were grown using the method of water culture including 0 M Pb (control), 10^-5 M Pb, and 10^-4 M Pb. Plant cuttings were rooted in distilled water for 40 days and then transferred to a full Hoagland nutrient solution. After 14 days plants were alternately moved to distilled water containing Pb (one day) and nutrient solution without Pb (also one day) for next 14 days. An evident correlation between Pb content in plant tissue and substratum concentration decreased the organic production of leaf dry mass in two clones. The best remediation effect was recorded in M-1 clone showing significantly the highest Pb content in root concurrent with the highest content of dry matter of root and leaf under the highest Pb concentration in nutrient medium. Genotypic specificity of photosynthesis was expressed in mutual differences found between clones in O₂ production (control). When the photosynthetic activity is discussed, it is clear that Pb treatment caused a specific genotype response reflected through a lowered leaf Pb concentration followed by a higher photosynthetic intensity. Pb accumulation rate in leaf tissue affected also the content of photosynthetic pigments, relying upon genotypes.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

VARIABILITY OF PHYSIOLOGICAL AND GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF WHITE WILLOW (salix alba l.) CLONES

Saša Orlović, Slobodanka Pajević, Bojana Klašnja, Zoran Galić and Andrej Pilipović

The samples from field experiment on five clones of white willow (Salix alba L.) in the adult phase, was investigated as follows: net photosynthesis and dark respiration, content of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a,b and carotenoids), number and size of stomata and elements of growth (tree diameters and heights). The aim of the research is to determine if there are any relations between these physiological characters and the elements of growth, i.e. if any of them can be utilized in the early selection for growth vigor. The results show that all the characters are characterized by low coefficients of variation, statistically highly significant differences and high coefficients of heritability in a broad sense. As for the net of photosynthesis, the number of stomata on the adaxial and abaxial sides of the leaf are in high correlation with the elements of growth, which indicates that they can be used in the early selection for growth vigor.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

PHENOTYPE INDIVIDUAL SELECTION OF THE EUROPEAN PLANE

AT THE SITES OF BELGRADE

Radmila Knežević and Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić

The multifunctional phenotype individual selection was performed in the cultivated populations of the European plane at the sites in Belgrade. The selected test trees are characterised by the diversity of numerous characters, starting from the age, height, diameter at breast height, crown forms, bark types, stem characteristics, etc. The selected trees are included in the procedures of genetic and ontogenetic analysis in the aim of determining the significance of the extreme characters as the potential markers for the selection of parent trees for the specific-purpose production of seeds and planting material.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

COMPARATIVE BEECH DIFFERENT PROVENANCES DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS IN THE JUVENILE PHASE

Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić, Jelena Milovanović, Vladan Ivetić and Radmila Knežević

According to majority of authors, beech in Serbia is defining like Balkan beech - Fagus moesiaca (Domin, Maly) Czecz. which is characterized with wide ecological and spatial differentiation. Differences between defined taxoniomical categories have morphological and ecological nature, and they have been researched mostly in individuals later development phases. There are only few papers with results of morphological, anatomical and development traits analysis of beech seedlings and juvenile plants. Based on item of the earliest development phases data importance, results of comparative analysis of development of one – year old seedlings from beech different provenances, developed in various environmental and production conditions, are presented in this paper. Collected data have significant importance for estimation of: analyzed provenances genetic potential, intra – and inter – provenances variability, provenances phenotypic stability in different environmental conditions and provide a base for material selection for improvement of this, one of the most important, our tree species.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

RESULTS OF POPLAR CLONE TESTING IN FIELD EXPERIMENTS

Saša Orlović, Andrej Pilipović, Zoran Galić, Petar Ivanišević and Nenad Radosavljević

Growth vigour of 7 poplar clones was researched, i.e. 5 candidate clones for registration (B-81, B-229, PE 19/66, 182/81 and 129/8) and 2 clonal cultivars (I-214 and “Pannonia”) which had been registered earlier. The taxonomy of the study poplar clones was as follows: B-81 (Populus deltoides), B-229 (Populus deltoides), PE 19/66 (Populus deltoides), 182/81 (Populus deltoides), 129/81 (Populus x euramericana), I-214 (Populus x euramericana) and “Pannonia” (Populus x euramericana)

The research was performed in three field experiments established in 2002 on the area of the Forest Estate Sremska Mitrovica. Although the experiments were established with several planting spaces, the results of plant diameter and height measuring indicate that clone PE 19/66 had the greatest vigour on the optimal soil type (humofluviosol), while clone B-229 had the advantage on the less favoured soil types (eugley), i.e. clones B-229 and 182/81 had the advantage on the soil type meadow black soil on loess alluvium. Based on the attained diameters and heights, it can be concluded that these are the successfully established plantations and that the candidate clones showed significant genetic potentials, which points to the fact that in future the production of poplar wood volume will be significantly increased.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

NEW ORNAMENTAL CULTIVAR OF YELLOW-LEAF BEECH

(Fagus silvatica L. 'Luteofolia')

Mihailo Tošić

The yellow-leaf beech tree, newly found near Kotor Varoš in the Republic of Srpska, is presented with reference to the only one previously known native yellow-leaf beech tree in Europe, which was found on Vlasina in Serbia in 1890 and which died recently, and from which the famous cultivar F. silvatica 'Zlatia' L. Späth was produced in Germany. It was determined that the yellow-leaf beech in the Republic of Srpska, by its morphological and physiological characters, which are undoubtedly under genetic control, differs significantly from Fagus moesiaca (K. Maly) Czecz. var. aurea Obrad. 1892 em. Jov., found on Vlasina, so it was described as a new variety, named after its main character – yellow leaves: Fagus silvatica L. var. luteofolia Tošić (Tošić, M. 2005). Based on the attractiveness of its phenotype, which is a unique natural rarity in the European range of beech, the author fixed the genotype by grafting on the rootstock of the typical beech, and produced the first ornamental plants of high aesthetic value. Grafting was performed in the nursery Tamaris Company d.o.o. in Banjaluka and in the author’s nursery at Rasna near Požega. A very attractive appearance of the graft of yellow-leaf beech, which will by its brilliant yellow colour during the vegetation make an intensive contrast to the green surroundings, is a real starting point for the wider application of this cultivar in landscape architecture.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF POLLEN OF PYRAMIDAL FIR

(Abies аlba MILL. var. elegantissima TOŠIĆ)

Mihailo Tošić and Biljana Nikolić

Pollen variability of the vegetative copies of pyramidal fir Abies alba Mill. var. elegantissima Tošić, at Rasna near Požega, which originate from six parent trees on Mt. Ogorijevac in the municipality Sjenica (Tošić 1963, 1995; Matović et al. 1996) was studied. The trees were with male inflorescences: dark red, yellow-green and intermediary (pale-red). The quality of fresh pollen was assessed by pollen germination at room temperature by Kobel method (on 4 concentrations of water solution of sucrose: 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%), described in more detail by Nikolić, 1996. The average dimensions of pollen grains did not differ significantly: width 79.21–82.95, average 80.94 micrometers and length 129.21 –134.95, average 130.76 micrometers. The variability of germination percentage (10-30%) and pollen tube length depends on the genotype and germination conditions. The best results of pollen germination are achieved in 5% water solution of sucrose (average 56%, maximal 82%) and the worst in 15% solution. The grains are measured after soaking in distilled water. At the temperature of 30-35°C, pollen germinates completely in 12 h, and pollen tubes apertured 18 h after the establishment of germination. Maximal pollen tube length is 273, average 48 micrometers.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

NEW ORNAMENTAL CULTIVAR OF SCOTS PINE

(Pinus silvestris L. 'Variegata')

Mihailo Tošić

The pines with golden-yellow needles, known also as “golden pines”, have long been the subjects of interest to experts in landscape architecture, because they are used in the production of ornamental cultivars with attractive aesthetical characteristics. Two varieties of Scots pine with yellow needles have been described on Zlatibor: Pinus silvestris var. zlatiborica Omanović, 1937 and P. silvestris var. aurea zlatiborensis Tošić, 1995. A juvenile tree was also found with green, yellow and variegated needles, so it looks like chimera (Tošić M., 2002). By the morpho-anatomical properties of the needles, it differs significantly from the typical Scots pine and from the described ''golden pines'' (Vilotić D., Tošić M. and Radošević G., 2004). Most of the branches have green needles, but individual parts on some of them have brilliant yellow or variegated needles. Variegation is expressed by one needle being green and the other yellow or throughout the length one half of the needle is green, and the other half is yellow. An ornamental cultivar with a specific appearance was produced by using the scions with variegated needles and by grafting them on the rootstock of the typical Scots pine. By its ornamentality and by modest demands for ecological conditions, it will be successfully applied in landscape architecture.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

NATIONAL COLLECTIONS OF MICROORGANISMS IMPORTANT FOR AGRICULTURE

Jelena Lević, Slavica Stanković, Dragica Ivanović, Radivoje Jevtić,

Vesna Krnjaja and Aleksa Obradović

There are 514 national/international collections of microorganisms in 66 countries that include two collections of nitrogen fixing bacteria in Serbia: Collection of Bacteria (853 strains of bacteria and one fungal species) - Institute of Soil Science, Department of Soil Microbiology, Belgrade; and the Novi Sad Collection of Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria (44 strains) - Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad (World Data Centre on Microorganisms). Some of microorganisms originating from our regions are deposited in the international collections, but our scientific community is not yet informed.

Besides stated collections in Serbia, there are very rich unofficial collections, especially in fungal strains, stored in certain institutions (e.g. over 3,600 isolates out of 84 determined fungal species are stored at the Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje; 65 fungal strains originating from wheat and numerous working collections from other plant species are stored at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad; 262 fungal strains are stored at the Institute for Animal Husbandry, Zemun; there are 242 determined isolates of phytopathogenic bacteria at the Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade). Due to a lack of the necessary equipment and the application of non-standardised procedures in conservation, it is not possible to maintain the originality and vitality of these microorganisms in a longer period of time.

with the intention of conservation of these collections it is necessary to establish the Serbian national bank of microorganisms pursuant to international standards and the Budapest Treaty. This bank would improve common knowledge on biodiversity of microorganisms and in such a way it would facilitate the developmental strategy of fundamental and applied sciences, as well as, it would lead to practical solutions in agriculture.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

EXAMINATION OF AUTO-AGGREGATION ABILITY WITHIN LACTIC ACID BACTERIA (LAB)

Milica Nikolić, Branko Jovčić, Katarina Veljović, Nataša Golić and Ljubiša Topisirović

One of the proposed mechanisms that could increase the potential of LAB to survive and persist in the GI tract is their ability to aggregate. It has been noticed that some strains of LAB have the ability to aggregate - after vortexing overnight bacterial cultures, a zone of clumped cells forming formations of different shape at the bottom of the tube was separated from a zone of clear media. Bacteria are able to aggregate within the same strain (auto-aggregation) and among different species (coaggregation). Some LAB strains are particulary important and their beneficial effect on human health regarding the decrease of pathogens is depending on the ability to survive in the GIT. This process is in direct correlation to the adhesion of LAB on the epitel of GIT. In our laboratory more than 20 strains with the auto-aggregation ability have been characterized. Nine strains have been chosen for examination of aggregation ability in buffers with various pH values and in presence of five ions of different concentration. It was discovered that the aggregation ability is lost upon wasing cells in the water while in the presence of Fe ions more intense aggregation was observed.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

LACTOBACILLI AS A SOURCE OF NEW ANTIMICROBIAL SUBSTANCES

Miloš Busarčević, Jelena Lozo, Đorđe Fira, Nataša Golić and Ljubiša Topisirović

Bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria are a heterogeneous group of antibacterial proteins. Most of bacteriocins have narrow inhibitory spectra. A few of them have wider inhibitory spectra, being active against a wide range of gram-positive bacteria. The genetic determinants of most of the bacteriocins are located on the plasmids, apart from few which are chromosomally encoded. They exert their activity through adsorption to specific receptors located on the external surface of sensitive bacteria, followed by metabolic, phisiological and morphological changes resulting in the killing of such bacteria. The major classes of bacteriocins produced by LAB include: (I) lantibiotics, (II) small heat stable peptides, (III) large heat labile proteins, and (IV) complex proteins whose activity requires the association of carbohydrate or lipid moieties. Lactobacilli isolated from different ecological niches such as oral cavity could be a source of new bacteriocin producing probiotics. In this study we have made a collection of lactobacilli isolated from different locations of human oral cavity and characterized their features such as antimicrobial activity and resistance to bile salts and low pH. Five isolates are selected as potential producers of antimicrobial substances.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CRIPTIC PLASMIDS AS IMPORTANT TOOLS FOR GENETIC MANIPULATION OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA

Maja Tolinački, Ivana Strahinić, Jelena Begović, Milan Kojić and Ljubiša Topisirović

Natural plasmids from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were studied for their mode of replication and transfer capacities as well as for their industrially important properties. A variety of vector systems has been developed for LAB based on theta replicating cryptic plasmids since they show a significant structural and segregational stability. Although a numerous genetic tools have been developed, a lack of compatible and conjugative or mobilizable vectors presents a problem in manipulation of nontransformable LAB. The development of a conjugation-based transfer system is significant for genetic analysis of LAB which posses an effective barrier that prevents introduction of heterologus DNA by transformation. The aim of this study was to develop a mobilizable system containing one helper plasmid (pS80 isolated from lactococal strain S50) and a broad-host range shuttle vector pA14. Plasmid pS80 contains genes that encode all in-trans elements involved in conjugative transfer functions while shuttle cloning vector pA14 contains oriT sequence (from plasmid pS7a isolated from S50). This type of system overcame problem in genetic manipulation with nontransformable LAB providing an easy way of transferring heterologus DNA into strains of interest by conjugation.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE EFFECT OF CROSSING ON DEMOSTRATION OF HETEROSIS

IN BEEF MEAT PRODUCTION

Branislav Miščević, Ratko Lazarević, Milan Petrović, Stevica Aleksić, Slavko Josipović, Petar Radetić, Vladimir Pantelić and Dušica Ostojić

Investigations were carried out on carcasses of Domestic spotted cattle of Simmental type and different genotypes – crosses with Charolais and Limousine breed. Considering that in livestock production in our country there has been for long time the problem of how to increase the economical efficiency of production, satisfy the needs of producers and demands of consumers. With moderate investments, adequate selection of breeds which effectively convert food of plant origin (pastures and meadows) into high quality meat it is possible to achieve better results. Heritability express one of the most important factors and influenced genetic variability of the certain trait. Higher values reflect higher value of additive genetic variance. This is specially related on carcass weight 0,43, rib eye area 0,46, meat quantity and bone percentage 0,49. In this way, beside higher quantities, also better quality of meat is achieved. This means that supply of beef will be more reliable, dependence on the import of beef will decrease, domestic production and cattle population will be preserved, considerable savings in food by use of natural pastures and by-products of food processing industry realized, pollution of the environment reduced (use of manure) according to general tendencies in the World, biologically high valuable food will be produced according to standards and recommendations of EU and economical situation of the farmer improved.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CHANGES IN KARYOTYPE OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS DETECTED ON FARMS IN VOJVODINA AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON REPRODUCTION

Slavica Košarčić, Mira Kovačević and Dušan Košarčić

New directions in animal husbandry demand raising of animal kinds that are adjusted to intensive way of breeding. In order to accomplish these demands, beside known methods in selection, Cytogenetic control of existing genotypes is needed that has been carried through ten year examination on pig, cattle and stud farms in Vojvodina. Chromosome aberration of numeric polyploidy and aneuploidy but also structural translocation, deletion, duplication, inversion, ring, break and other segregations were discovered. Numeric and structural changes on animal karyotype influenced on reproduction disturbance, phenotype expression, as well as selection program and stability of genofond. Different aspects of reproductive disturbance were noted like for example: small litter, embryo mortality, frequent repeated breeding, abortion, stillbirth and mummified embryo, offspring with anomalities, different kinds of sterility, Analyses of the results obtained from monitoring the herd book and making genealogy show on existence of chromosomepathy on our farms. The aim of this work is to inform scientists and experts with the fact that these changes are spreading, especially through among the breeding animals. Therefore genetic control and timely exclusion of chromosome aberration is necessary.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE PHOSPHORYLATION STAGES OF 4E-BP1 DURING THE IVM OF THE BOVINE OOCYTES

Wolfgang Tomek and Tatjana Smiljaković

For in vitro maturation, a part of in vitro production of embrios, rate of succesfull maturation of oocytes is very important. Hipotesis was that molecul 4E-BP1, which binds to eIF4E, factor of initiation of translation, and represses its activity, is key molecule for arresting translation from mRNA into proteins. But after this investigation we could say that more protein factors and its phosphorylation are involved in this process. We have investigated phosphorylation of Thr37/46, Ser65 and Thr 70, as well as total 4E-BP1, and we have found that phosphorylation of this phospho sites increase during in vitro maturatio, from 0h, through10h till 24h of IVM.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

SELECTION OF HONEY BEE IN SERBIA

Mića Mladenović, Nebojša Nedić and Slađan Rašić

After several years of research of honey bee Apis mellifera carnica several centers for selection and reproduction of domestic cranica have been formed. The results of research confirm the existence of several ecotypes of domestic carnica depending on the geographical diversity starting from the low land to the hilly and mountainous areas of Serbia.

Based on morphometric parameters, racial affiliation of Apis mellifera carnica was established, but the variability of tested parameters depending on isolated lines of bees (cubital index, tongue length in vitro, number of hooks on the back wing, etc.) was also established.

Productive characteristics, which are very important for practical apiculture, have shown diversity among the tested lines and localities, which speaks of an expressed heterosis of domestic carnica. With the former selection, productivity of bee colonies established by Szabo method confirmed our hypothesis and made up to 200% increases in the three observed years.

Based on the former research, our aim was to protect selected lines of domestic carnica, but also to improve them further and reproduced them according to a plan for domestic and foreign market.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE ROLE OF MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY IN BREEDING

Ljubiša Topisirović

Plants are growing elsewhere around us. They are used as food, feed as well as decoration. However, the accumulated knowledge related to mechanisms of plant functioning and genetic engineering, that is molecular biotechnology based on it, open new possibilities for plants utilization in the future. The main goal of molecular biotechnology is construction of new plant varieties i.e. agricultural plants, because it allows overcoming the genetic barriers existing among different species. Research is focused on the construction of new plant varieties that will give higher yield or have increased nutritional quality. For this purpose transgenic plants are constructed by implementation of foreign genes into plants. Resulting genetically modified plants resistant to insects, viruses, herbicides or which fruits have delayed decay are already constructed. Classical plant breeding can not be avoided by introduction of molecular biotechnology in plant breeding. In contrast, the molecular biotechnology is giving the opportunity for extremely precise genetic analysis of hybrids obtained in the classical way making classical breeding more efficient. However, the molecular biotechnology gives a basis for construction of transgenic plants that will be used as bioreactors for production of new products such as safe, cheep and more efficient vaccines, bioplastics, etc. It is expected that plants will be important factor in development of new technologies in the recent future.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE APPLICATION OF MOLECULAR MARKERS IN SUNFLOWER BREEDING

Dejana Saftić-Panković

The results on the application of molecular markers in sunflower breeding obtained in the last decade in the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops are presented.

Our results on genetic distance (GD=7-75%) between sunflower inbred lines obtained with RAPD and SSR markers, are indicating large variability and give important information for the selection of parental lines for future crosses.

Desirable alleles and haplotypes can be detected with molecular markers both in early phases of plant development and in early phases of the production of improved lines, which reduces or completely eliminates the large number of testing cycles for desirable phenotypes. RAPD markers for drought tolerance, and PCR and CAPS markers for tolerance to downy mildew, that can be used in marker assisted selection are presented.

Interspecific hybridization is often used in sunflower breeding. As only some populations of H. giganteus and H. maximiliani are resistant to sunflower diseases, the investigation of genetic variability in/between two species is of interest. The results obtained with SSR markers are presented.

The successful hybridization between H. rigidus and H. annuus was confirmed with RAPD markers, and the variability between F₁ and BC₁F₁ plants is discussed.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

MOLECULAR SCREENING OF SCG VARIETIES AND ADVANCED LINES FOR ALLELIC VARIANTS AT THE DWARFING GENE RHT8 LOCUS IN WHEAT

Borislav Kobiljski, Srbislav Denčić and Jelena Pilipović

In last 7 years, researches revealed the presence of 17 allelic variants at the Xgwm 261 locus with 165, 174, 180, 192, 194, 196, 197, 198, 200, 201, 202, 204, 205, 207, 210 and 215 base pairs, while nearly 90% of the worldwide wheat germplasm carry one of the alleles with 165bp, 174bp or 192bp. The results of molecular screening of 269 wheat varieties and advanced lines from Serbia and Montenegro showed clear selection pressure for the three main fragments at Rht8 gene locus, but also trend to expand the allelic variability, in the most recent varieties and advanced lines, avoiding «adaptive uniformity» of the elite germplasm. The presence of 192bp allele as diagnostic of Rht8 has been confirmed as quite common in wheats from Serbia and Montenegro, but not at the rate it has been determined in earlier researches. Out of 269 registered wheat varieties and advanced lines 73.6% carry 192bp allele, 14.9% are with 174bp allele, 7% carry 165 fragment and 4.56% novel fragments around 200bp in length. This research revealed that from the beginning of the 1990s wheat breeding objectives in Serbia and Montenegro were partially focused towards novel alleles (different from 192bp) at Xgwm261 locus. In the full text of the paper the breeding prospects in regard to obtained results are discussed.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

BORON TOLERANCE IN NS WHEAT LINES

Milka Brdar, Marija Kraljević-Balalić, Ivana Maksimović and Borislav Kobiljski

Boron is an essential micronutrient for higher plants. Present in excessive amounts boron becomes toxic and can limit plant growth and yield. Suppression of root growth is one of the symptoms of boron toxicity in wheat. This study was undertaken to investigate the response of 10 perspective NS lines of wheat to high concentrations of boron. Analysis of root growth was done on young plants, germinated and grown in the presence of different concentrations of boric acid (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg/l). Significant differences occurred between analyzed genotypes and treatments regarding root length. Average suppression of root growth was between 11,6 and 34,2%, for line NS 252/02 are even noted 61,4% longer roots at treatments in relation to the control. Lines with mean suppression of root growth less than 20% (NS 101/02, NS 138/01, NS 53/03 and NS 73/02) may be considered as boron tolerant. Spearman’s coefficients showed high level of agreement regarding rang of root length for genotypes treated with 100 and 150 mg H₃BO₃/l.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CHARACTERISATION OF MAIZE INBRED LINES BASED ON MOLECULAR MARKERS, HETEROSIS AND PEDIGREE DATA

Jelena Srdić, Snežana Mladenović-Drinić and Zorica Pajić

Information about the genetic diversity of inbred lines is essential in planning maize breeding programs. Utilization of diverse parents in the process of hybridisation has the greatest influence on producing high yielding hybrids.

The aim of this research was to determine genetic diversity of ten maize inbred lines of different origin on the basis of protein and RAPD markers and to compare these results with data on heterosis and pedigree. Results of genetic distances, both based on protein and RAPD markers were similar and in concurrence with the date on the origin of inbreds.

Usefulness of protein and RAPD markers for assigning inbreds to heterotic groups was examined by the cluster analysis. Cluster analysis based on protein markers, RAPD and heterosis showed clear grouping of lines into main heterotic groups. Only few deviations were noticed and those among inbreds not belonging to those heterotic groups. It could be concluded that grouping of inbred lines based on molecular markers, generally agrees with pedigrees of these lines and clusters are representatives of hetrotic groups. Very high and highly significant value of rank correlation coefficient between RAPD and heterosis (0.876**) gave the confirmation for that.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

IDENTIFICATION OF STERILE CYTOPLASM (CMS) IN MAIZE BY USING SPECIFIC MTDNA PRIMERS

Dragana Ignjatović-Micić, Ana Nikolić, Snežana Mladenović Drinić,

Jelena Vančetović and Vesna Lazić-Jančić

Tester lines containing nuclear Rf (restorer of fertilization) genes are traditionally used to determine and classify the CMS types. However, test crossing procedure is time consuming and labor intensive. The development of molecular approaches revealed that mutations responsible for CMS reside in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in many plant species. Unique characteristics of mitochondrial genome can be used to distinguish the major types of maize cytoplasm.

About 100 sources of cytoplasmatic male sterility distributed among Yugoslav OP varieties, foreign heterozygous materials and inbred lines were found in Maize Gene Bank „Zemun Polje“. These sources have been tested for the presence of particular type of cytoplasm by a single seed multiplex PCR approach with specific primer pairs for T, C and S type cytoplasm. Combination of three pairs of primers in a single PCR reaction, corresponding to the chimeric regions of mtDNA sequences specific for each type of cms, allowed reliable identification of the major cms types. DNA fragments of 398, 440 and 799 bp were detected in analyzed genotypes for C, T, and S type cytoplasm, respectively. For sources where there is no clear identification of the type of cms (absence of the PCR band) there is a reasonable doubt that it could be a new, yet unidentified type of cms.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

IN VITRO ANSWER OF BULGARIAN PEPPER (Capsicum annuum L.) VARIETIES

Velichka Rodeva, Stanislava Grozeva and Velichka Todorova

It was studied the callusogenesis and regeneration ability of cotyledon and hypocotyl explants from Bulgarian pepper varieties /Strjama, Chebar and Kurtovska kapija 1619/ in Murashige and Skoog /1962/ medium supplemented with 1-3mg/l BAP, 0,6-1,0mg/l IAA and 0,5mg/l GA3. Follow the first results from the used medium variants later were included additionally vitamin C, vitamin B12 and glycine. In the different experiments was registered high level of callusogenesis and organogenesis in both type of explants from the all genotypes, but the regeneration were watched only in few of the used culture media variants. The addition of the vitamins and glycine stimulated slightly the regeneration ability. The highest percentage /18,0/ of regenerants was obtained in MS+3,0mg/l BAP+1,0mg/l IAA+0,5mg/l GA3 from cotyledons. Regeneration process was not registered only in Kurtovska kapija variety in all studied variants. The Bulgarian pepper varieties are recalcitrant and their in vitro answer strongly depends from the explant type, genotype and the addition of different compounds in the media.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE POLYMORPHISM OF ETR1 GENE IN AUTOCHTHONOUS

APPLE CULTIVARS

Slađana Marić, Radovan Bošković and Milan Lukić

Ethylene is plant hormone which plays an important role in ripening of climacteric fruits, including apple. So far only the genes involved in ethylene production were characterised thoroughly. In this work we studied allelic polymorphism of ETR1 gene encods ethylene receptor in apple. The study was carried out, using PCR method and restriction analysis, on 23 autochthonous apple cultivars from the Fruit Collection of Fruit and Grape Research Centre, Čačak. These cultivars reveal differences in storage potential of their fruits. Four allels of ETR1 gene (a, b, c i d) were detected and their association with good and poor fruit storage ability were examined.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CHARACTERIZATION METHODS AND FINGERPRINTING OF AGRONOMICALY IMPORTANT CROP SPECIES

Vladislava Galović, Snežana Mladenović Drinić, Julijana Navalušić and Marija Zlokolica

Continued usage of morphological data to describe agronomically important genotypes indicates that those data retain popularity as descriptors of plant species. However, the need is arising for their more detailed description by laboratory-based biochemical and molecular methods. The standardization of those techniques has been achieved by ISTA and UPOV through DUS testing that is the basis of the system of protection of Plant Breeders Rights. Not only by morphological characterization but also by combining morphological, biochemical and molecular aspects in identification and description of agronomically important genotypes, it is possible to reveal their unique genetic profiles e.g. fingerprints.

In this review we summarized the techniques that proved to be successfully applied in biochemical and molecular characterisation of agronomicaly important genotypes. Obtaining their unique genetic profiles due to application of those methods, it is now possible to precisely characterize them with most certainty and reproducibility.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION METHODS (PCR) IN AGROBIOTECHNOLOGY

Ksenija Taški-Ajduković, Mirjana Milošević, Zorica Nikolić and Milka Vujaković

The agricultural biotechnology applies polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology at numerous steps throughout product development. The major uses of PCR technology during product development include gene discovery and cloning, vector construction, transformant identification, screening and characterization as well as seed quality control. Commodity and food companies as well as testing laboratories rely on PCR technology to verify the presence or absence of genetically modification (GM) in a product or to quantify the amount of GM material present in the product.

This article describes the fundamental elements of PCR analysis and its application to the testing of grains and highlights some of areas to which attention must be paid in order to produce reliable test results. The article also discuses issues related to the analysis of different matrixes and the effect they may have on the accuracy of the PCR analytical results.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

ALLELIC POLYMORPHISM IN DOMESTIC WHEAT GENOTYPES USING 4 MICROSATELLITE MARKERS

Zorana Kotaranin and Borislav Kobiljski

A set of 30 hexaploid wheat genotypes was analyzed with 4 microsatellite markers (GWM 18, GWM 190, GWM 437, GWM 631) to examine their utility in detecting DNA polymorphism and in the identifying genotypes. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 7, with an average of 4.3 alleles per locus. Variability for each microsatellite locus was measured using the polymorphism information content (PIC). The PIC values for the different loci ranged from 0.34 to 0.83 suggesting that certain microsatellite markers are an appropriate tool for a genetic description. The result showed that was a possibly to discriminate 18 out of 30 total genotypes according to their genetic profile. Toward the detected allelic polymorphism, the remainder of 12 genotypes was divided into five groups. Each of these groups was different for each other as well as from the 18 individual genotypes. But, using these 4 primers was not sufficient to discriminate genotypes within each group. In full text of the paper, obtained results are analysed and there is an estimation of possibility for their application in wheat fingerprinting.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

DETECTION OF ALLELIC VARIABILITY AT WHEAT LOCI ASSOCIATED WITH RESISTANCE TO Fusarium ssp. USING MOLECULAR MARKERS – MICROSATELLITES

Dragana Kačavenda and Borislav Kobiljski

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused primarly by Fusarium graminearum, is one of the most important fungal diseases of wheat. It may cause severe yield and quality losses in humid and warm conditions. However, the most important concern is the mycotoxin contamination of grain. Breeding of cultivars resistant to FHB is the best way to control the disease. In order to examine possibilities for application molecular markers – microsatellites in selecting for resistance to FHB, allelic variability at wheat loci associated with resistance to Fusarium ssp. was studied using two microsatellite markers: GWM533 (3B) and GWM156 (5A). Detection of the allelic polymorphism was conducted compared to the cultivars Sumai3, Frontana and Amigo which are widely used as FHB resistance sources. By separation on polyacrilamide gel in 24 French genotypes and 27 genotypes developed at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad, 4 alleles (GWM533) and 6 alleles (GWM156) were detected. In full text of the paper, obtained results are analysed together with estimation of possibility for their application in MAS (Marker Assisted Selection) for wheat breeding purposes.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

VARIABILITY OF IN VITRO CULTURE RESPONSE IN WHEAT GENOTYPES, GENOTYPE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS

Nevena Mitić, Dejan Dodig and Radomirka Nikolić

The tissue culture response (TCR) of immature embryos, evaluated according to callus formation, percentage of regenerative green-spotted calli and the number of plants per embryo, was investigated in 96 worldwide origin wheat genotypes. Immature embryos were collected 12-15 DAP from field-grown plants during tree successive years 2003, 2004 and 2005. Year 2003 was droughty with high air temperatures during a period of vegetation, while the environmental conditions were much favorables for plant growth in the next two years, 2004 and 2005. Embryos were cultured on standard MS medium containing 2 mg l^-1 2,4-D. In all genotypes calli were efficiently induced, ranging from 36.7 to 100% (2003), 68.4 to 100% (2004), and 94.3 to 100% (2005). The calli occasionally formed green spots, but frequencies markedly differed among genotypes that varied from 0 to 72.5% (2003), 0 to 97.9% (2004), and 0 to 94.0% (2005). Coefficient of variation was higher in term of percent of regenerative calli (66.7%) following by callus formation (35.6%) and the number of plants per embryo (6.5%). Components of phenotypic variance showed that factor year (57.3%) had the highest impact on expression of callus formation, genetic factor (50.3%) on percentage of regenerative green-spotted calli and interaction year/genotype on number of plants per embryo. The results indicate the genotype was the most important for determining regeneration potential in wheat.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

ANDROGENOUS ABILITY OF HETEROZYGOUS WHEAT GENOTYPES AND CYTOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GREEN REGENERANTS

Branka Ljevnaić, Ankica Kondić-Špika, Borislav Kobiljski and Srbislav Denčić

Androgenous and regeneration abilities of 8 heterozygous wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes were analyzed in anther culture. Cytological characteristics of green regenerants were also analyzed. Significant differences found between the genotypes in their androgenous and regeneration abilities. The average androgenous capacity of all genotypes was 4.35% and ranged from 0.7% at genotype Prima/Hueguen to 11,0% at genotype NS173-98/NS164-98. The average callus yield was 8.7%. The genotype Banks/F53-70 produced the highest number of green plants (33 green plants) while the genotype Banks/Pobeda showed no green plants regeneration ability. The frequency of albino plants ranged between 0% (Banks/Rodna) and 5.3% (Anastasija/Radika). A total of 61 green and 61 albino plants was regenerated. The results of cytological analysis have showen that, of total number of regenerated green plants, 40.9% were haploids and 59.1% were spontaneous double haploids.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

INVESTIGATION OF WINTER BREWER’S BARLEY VARIETIES FROM SELECTIVE EXPERIMENTS CROP 2004 AS A RAW MATERIAL FOR MALT PRODUCTION

Olgica Grujić, Jelena Pejin and NovoPržulj

The analysis of different spring and winter barley varieties, from selective experiments, crop 2005, from Rimski Šančevi locality was performed. Based on the obtained results of barley and malt analysis as well as during micromalting, conclusions have been made about technological quality of investigated barley varieties. A suggestion has been given for acknowledgment or rejection of investigated varieties as well as possible changes in used micromalting scheme for obtaining improved malt quality.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF DIFFERENT PLANT SPECIES BY PROTEINS MARKERS

Snežana Drinić Mladenović, Dragana Ignjatović Micić, Ana Nikolić and Kosana Konstantinov

Proteins as direct products of gene transcription and translation can be regarded as markers for genes that code them, while comparison of protein complex enable measuring of genetic variability among individuals and populations. In this study protein markers were used for genetic characterization and genetic diversity determination in different plant species including maize, soybeans, beans and pepper. Proteins have been separated electrophoreticaly into numerous components that showed great heterogenity. All analyzed genotypes have specific protein pattern. Some protein fractions were detected in all genotypes at the same position and could be used as reference bands, i.e. according to their position electrophoregram can be divided into several regions. Other protein fractions are different within the regions depending upon analyzed genotypes. Indices of similarity were calculated based on electrophoregrams of protein complex and genotypes were clasified to appropriate groups by cluster analysis.

Results in this work showed that protein markers can be used in plant breeding as a rapid and cheap method for genetic characterization as well as for measuring genetic diversity of breeding material.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

COMPARASION OF SIMILARITY COEFFICIENTS BASED ON RAPD MARKERS IN SOYBEAN

Ana Nikolić, Snežana Mladenović Drinić and Dragana Micić-Ignjatović

The objective of this study was to investigate the choice of different similarity coefficients over the following cluster analysis. Twenty soybean genotypes were analyzed by RAPD markers and four similarity coefficients were calculated: Jaccard, Sorenson-Dice, Sokal-u and Michener, and Rogers and Tanimot. The similarity coefficients were compared by cluster analysis, Mantel’s test and PCA.

Jaccard and Sorenson-Dice similarity matrices gave dendograms with identical clustering structures, while value of genetic similarity was in different range. Dendograms obtained using Sokal and Michener, and Roger and Tanimoto similarity matrices are also identical, with different range of coefficients value. PCA analysis based on RAPD presents similar grouping of genotypes as cluster analysis. Mantel’s test showed high correlation among the four similarity coefficients. The Jaccard and Sorenson-Dice coefficients are highly correlated, indicating that they classify similarity among genotypes in same order. The same situation occurred between Sokal and Michener and Roger and Tanimoto coefficients but the correlation was lower. The highest correlation was obtained between Jaccard andi Dice coefficients and the lowest one between Sorenson-Dice and Roger and Tanimoto.

The Jaccard and Sorenson-Dice coefficients do not consider the negative co-occurrences, while the Sokal and Michener and Roger and Tanimoto coefficients include them in their expression. Based on the genetic properties of the RAPD markers, there is no guarantee that the DNA regions with negative co-occurances between two genotypes are indeed identical. Thus, it seems reasonable to consider that the coefficients that exclude it have more justification for being used for RAPD analysis.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

REGENERATION OF SUGAR BEET FROM COTYLEDONS AND HYPOCOTYL IN IN VITRO CONDITIONS

Nevena Nagl, Ivana Čabarkapa, Snežana Mezei and Lazar Kovačev

In the paper are presented results of research with the aim to determine nutrient medium with optimal concentration of phytohormones for sugar beet regeneration from hypocotyl and cotyledons. Three genetically divergent sugar beet genotypes were used as donors of explants, which were put on three basic nutrient mediums with five different phytohormone combinations. Calus production and its regenerating abilities depended mostly on interaction of genotype and nutrient medium, while the differences in regeneration ability of starting explant were detected just in cases of direct organogenesis from hypocotyl. All explants had highest regeneration rate on medium with cytokinines. The results of this research could be applied in improvement of existing micropropagation methods, or in regeneration protocols after sugar beet transformation.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

RAPESEED TISSUE CULTURE AND GENETIC TRANSFORMATIONS

Dragana Miladinović, Ana Marjanović Jeromela and Radovan Marinković

Rapeseed (Brassica napus var. oleifera) after soybean (Glycine max) and palm (Elaeis guineensis) is the most important source of vegetable oil in the world. Rapeseed oil is widely used in cooking since it is very low in saturated fat, making it appealing to healthconscious consumers.

Research in the area of tissue culture and genetic transformations of rapeseed begun in 80ties. Studies were done on organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, microspore culture and doubled haploids, somatic cell fusion, as well as genetic transformations. Advances in the introduction of desired novel traits with the use of these methods have led to the development of potentially commercially important new rapeseed genotypes.

In this paper, we present results obtained so far in rapessed tissue culture, as well as work done on introduction of tissue culture methods in breeding and creation of NS rapeseed varieties.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE APPLICATION OF PCR MARKERS IN THE INVESTIGATION OF RAPESEED (Brassica napus L.) WINTER SURVIVAL

Dejana Saftić-Panković, Branislava Rakić, Ana Marjanović-Jeromela and Radovan Marinković

Winter survival is an important characteristic for winter rapeseed. It is known that other cold-regulated traits, such as freezing tolerance and flowering time, can modify the ability of winter survival.

Twenty-two varietals populations of winter rapeseed, with mean winter survival from 60 to 100%, were chosen for the investigation. In order to increase genetic variability for flowering time, 5 spring rapeseed and 2 winter forage kale varietals populations were also investigated.

PCR molecular markers were used to determine genetic variability of examined populations. The investigation of genomic DNA polymorphism was done with SSR markers, positioned in QTL regions for winter survival, freezing tolerance and flowering time. The polymorphism of flowering gene (Flowering Locus C) was also examined.

According to the obtained results the identification of rapeseed heterotic groups for winter survival was done, in order to select parental lines for crosses and creation of mapping population for future investigation.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

Characterization of bean varieties on the basis of protein markers

Zorica Nikolić, Mirjana Vasić, Mirjana Milošević, Ksenija Taški-Ajduković, Milka Vujaković and Jelica Gvozdanović-Varga

Potential of molecular and protein markers has not yet been fully investigated. Application of individual marker categories has been limited, and it depends on the level of polymorphism, stability, number of loci, molecular basis of polymorphism, as well as on the price of analyses. In this context isoenzymes have many advantages: simple performance, and low price of analyses, simple molecular basis of their polymorphism and reasonable genome coverage (10 to 15 loci per plant species). Phaseolin, the main reserve bean protein has been coded by a complex of loci containing from 6 to 9 genes. The alleles coding for the polypeptides of each Phaseolin type were codominant. Phaseolin genetic diversity proved to be very informative in studies relating to domestification and dispersion of bean varieties, as well as in analysis of phylogenetic relation between species inside Phaseolus genus. Commercial bean varieties developed in Department of vegetables, the Institute of field and vegetable crops, were tested in this paper. Five enzymic systems and reserve proteins of phaseolin were analyzed in the National laboratory for seed testing. It can be concluded from data obtained in this study (polymorphism of phaseolin and isoenyzmes) that protein markers could be applied in identification of bean varieties.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

FLOWERING AND SEED PRODUCTION IN SPINACH (Spinacia oleracea L.) IN VITRO

Ljiljana Tubić, Snežana Zdravković-Korać, Dušica Ćalić, Ivana Dragićević and Branka Vinterhalter

Spinach is a dioecious species, but in populations monoecious plants also appear. Apical buds of spinach cv. Matador, isolated from two weeks old seedlings germinated under aseptic conditions, were placed on MS hormone-free medium and exposed to long days (16 h of light). Sex expression based on flower morphology was inspected weekly during 15 weeks. Out of 230 plants, 24 plants (10.4 %) did not flower, 85 (37 %) were male, 95 (41.3 %) were female and 26 (11.3 %) were monoecious. Seventeen monoecious plants (7 female and 10 male at the beginning) developed flowers of opposite sex (usually 1‑3) after 5‑9 weeks. Remaining 9 plants expressed monoecism from the beginning. Ten plants self-fertilized and each set 1‑10 seeds in vitro. In one case, 9 seeds germinated while still attached to the mother plant. Of these, 38 seeds were sown on MS hormone-free medium and 22 (58 %) germinated. The seedling's cotyledons and hypocotyls were used to establish permanent cultures of regenerating calli, while the apical buds were induced to flower. These cultures will enable research on factors affecting sex determination and sex shift in vitro, even a long time after the mother plants die. Female sex favoritism in a spinach population is of an agronomical importance.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

DNA FINGERPRINTING OF CROP SPECIES FROM Solanaceae

Nasya Tomlekova, Bistra Atanasova, Emilia Nacheva and Velichka Todorova

The Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) DNA technique was used for Solanaceae cultivated species identification. Primers detecting interspecies polymorphism of tomato, potato and pepper DNA were found. ISSR fragments that can be used as markers specific for Lycopersicon esculentum, Capsicum annuum and Solanum tuberosum were obtained. For each of the analyzed crop species an individual ISSR pattern was generated which can be used for polymorphism detection and further making SCAR markers for individual tomato, pepper and potato cultivars.

The analysis had an objective: to determine if the selected primers for ISSR-PCR could detect polymorphisms among the varieties that belong to three related species within a family Solanaceae.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

ADVENTITIOUS ORGANOGENESIS IN VITRO FROM THE LEAF OF BLACKBERRY cv ČAČANSKA BESTRNA

Tatjana Lazić and Đurđina Ružić

The paper presents evaluation of different types and concentrations of plant growth regulators on induction of adventitious organogenesis from the leaf of newly developed blackberry cultivar Čačanska bestrna. This genotype was introduced and maintained in tissue culture on medium Murashige and Skoog (MS) (1962), mineral salts and organic complex with in mg l^-1: BAP 1.0, IBA 0.1, GA₃ 0.1. Young expanded leaves taken from upper third of in vitro proliferating shoots were used as initial explants. The leaves were cut three times across the midrib and placed with adaxial side touching the regeneration medium. In this experiment 20 types of regeneration media have been evaluated with different types and concentrations of cytokinins and auxins: BAP (2 mg l^-1) or TDZ (1 mg l^-1) alone, or each in combination with different concentrations (0.1, 1.0 and 2.0 mg l^-1) of IBA, NAA and 2,4 D.

In cv Čačanska bestrna regeneration of adventitious shoots was observed on three different types of media with BAP combined with IBA (0.1 and 1.0 mg l^-1) and NAA (0.1 mg l^-1). TDZ alone or in combination with IBA (0.1, 1.0 and 2.0 mg l^-1) and NAA (0.1 mg l^-1) has been more effective at induction of regeneration than BAP. The highest percentage of regeneration was obtained precisely on medium with TDZ alone.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

MATURATION OF HORSE CHESTNUT (Aesculus hippocastanum L.)

ANDROGENIC EMBRYOS

Dušica Ćalić, Snežana Zdravković-Korać, Ljiljana Radojević and Branka Vinterhalter

Androgenic embryos of horse chestnut shown rapid differentiation and asynchronous development and maturation, like and low germination. Androgenesis induction was achieved on medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and kinetin (1 mg/L, each), while multiplication of androgenic embryos from suspension and anther culture proceed on medium with reduced concentration 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (0.01 mg/L). After medium for multiplication, embryos were cultured on media for maturation supplemented with various concentrations and combinations of activated charcoal (0.1, 0.5 and 1%), abscisic acid (2.5, 10.0 and 25.0 mg/L), polyethylene glycol (5 and 50 g/L) and mannitol (30 and 60 g/L). We studied shoot elongation, radicle development and conversion androgenic embryos into the plants grown on the maturation media during 3 months. The best result, according SNK (Sudent Newman Keuls) test, was achieved on medium enriched with 1 % activated charcoal.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

ARE HORSE CHESTNUT COMPOUND LEAVES SENSITIVE TO ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS (POLLUTION)?

Miroslava V. Veličković

In the present work, horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) leaves were used to estimate effects of the long-term industrial development in the degree of leaf fluctuating asymmetry (FA). Fluctuating asymmetry, being random differences in the development of both sides of a bilaterally symmetrical character has been proposed as an indicator of environmental as well as genetic stress. Thirty-five leaves were sampled from each of the five trees, two positions within a tree’s crown (inside, outside), in two localities in Serbia during June of 2005. The Pančevo site is a polluted, industrial area and the Vince village is an unpolluted, reference area. FA was assessed for two bilateral linear dimensions as leaf traits: leaf width (LW) and lobe length (LL). MANOVAs’ results pointed at the significant differences in leaf asymmetry vectors (traits) between sites and between positions. ANOVAs’ results indicated that the differences between sites resulted mostly from differences in asymmetry of LW (F_(1.346)=4.313, p=0.047); significantly higher FA level was observed in polluted area. Differences between positions, however, resulted from differences in asymmetry of LL (F_(1.346)=3.929, p=0.049); outside leaves were more asymmetrical than inside leaves. Interaction of site and position on LW and LL asymmetry, however, showed marginal significance (F_(1.346)=3.306, p=0.070).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION OF Lotus corniculatus L. USING A "SUPER-BINARY" VECTOR AND DIRECT REGENERATION OF COTYLEDONARY EXPLANTS

Radomirka Nikolić, Nevena Mitić and Slavica Ninković

An improved protocol for shoot regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in L. corniculatus using a "super-binary" vector and direct shoot regeneration from cotyledons was developed. Cotyledonary explants, derived from 5-6-day-old seedlings, were inoculated with A. tumefaciens carrying super-binary vector pTOK233 with hpt, nptII, uidA-intron genes and extra set of vir B, C and G genes. The shoot regeneration by direct organogenesis was achieved on MS medium containing 0.5 mg l^-1 NAA and 0.5 mg l^-1 BA. Sixty five percent of explants produced shoots 25 days after inoculation by Agrobacterium. After 3 months of culture on selective media with increased concentration of hygromycin (5-15 mg l^-1) 4 % of inoculated explants survived selection procedure, and 17 plantlets were initially regenerated. They were micropropagated and finally 52 hygromycin-resistant plants were obtained. The glucuronidase activity and the presence of uidA gene were demonstrated in transformed plants using the assay of GUS activity and PCR

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

VARIATIONS OF CHRYSANTHEMUM FLOWER COLOR AFTER LONG TERM MICROPROPAGATION

Slađana Jevremović, Milana Trifunović, Marija Nikolić, Angelina Subotić and Ljiljana Radojević

Morphological characteristics of flowers of two regenerated chrysanthemum cultivars, after ten years grown in vitro are investigated. Stem segments originated from one plant of “Vesuvio” and “Reagan Sunny” cultivars are sterilized and cultivated on media for morphogenesis induction. Calli with numerous shoots are formed after one month of culture. Shoots of both cultivars are multiplied in stem segment culture by axillary shoots on medium MS with a-naphthaleneacetic acid and benzylaminopurine (0.5, 1.0 mgL^-1, respectively). Shoot multiplication is followed during nineteen subcultures (three years) when shoot multiplication index was successively decreased. Rooting of shoots has done on MS medium without hormones and was very successfully after eighth years, as well as, after two years of micropropagation. Acclimatized of rooted chrysanthemum plantlets at greenhouse conditions was excellent. After appropriate photoperiod plants of both chrysanthemum cultivars flowered 90.3 % (“Vesuvio”), 96.3 % (“Reagan Sunny”) and have same flower color as mother plants. Flower color changes of “in vitro” plants are observed in next flowering, one year after acclimatization. Observed variations of chrysanthemum flowers could be attributing to epigenetic factors.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

SITUATION AND PERSPECTIVES OF SEED SCIENCE IN SERBIA

Mirjana Milošević and Milka Vujaković

Seed production presents valorization of science achievements, breeding, selection, and up to now it has been providing, with a variable success, needs of our country for seed. Producers have competent staff, and are technicallly well equipped for producing seed for our needs and for export. Natural conditions which we constantly emphasize, and because of which foreign companies were glad to multiply seed in our country, slowly but surely are become poor and loosing this advantage.

World Trade Organization (WTO) and European Union (EU) have expressed in their strategy of agricultural development that of crucial significance for agricultural development and inside of that seed science are the following:

approach to market
support to domestic seed production
subvention and other forms of seed export support

Countries in transition, when seed science is in question, are facing two major problems:

support to domestic production
approach to market

These countries are of the opinion that exposure of agriculture, i.e. seed science to influence of market forces under condition of lack of capital, an adequate credit system, budget limitations, and other problems would jeopardize this sector.

Sinhronization of law regulative with those of EU in order to become member in important international organizations.

Central place in bringing closer countries in transition to EU belongs to protection of intellectual rights. UPOV – the international organization for variety protection and intellectual rights has its own rules for variety protection. Besides rules, this important organization is engaged in training staff which will be engaged in variety protection. It`s up to the state i.e. the competent ministry which convention it will choose - the one from 1978 or the one from 1991.

FAO – Department of seed science has given itself a task: monitoring of total seed science condition in countries in transition, valid law regulative relating to seed science, institution for preserving plant and animal resources, distribution of information on the way of managing the seed production, and transfer of knowledge from other countries.

Formation of national and regional seed organization is another task given to countries in transition by European i.e. World seed federation (ISF).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

SEED – SOURCE OF VARIABILITY AND IDENTITY OF PLANT SPECIES

Desimir Knežević, NevenaĐukić, Veselinka Zečević, Danica Mićanović, Aleksandar Paunović and Milomirka Madić

Existing of genetic and phenotypic variability represent great importance for certain plant species as well as for increasing and preserving of gene-pool. Seed is source of specific and general genetic variability. Within one species are existing variability of seed toward morphological, biochemical, physiological and other traits. Those differences are genetically determined that are expressing during ontology development. Differences are more expressive according to phylogeny development. Genetic variability of named traits represents response of cycle of life to environmental conditions. In our investigation were found differences of seed morphology, size, color as well differences according to amino acid composition, amino acid concentration, protein contents, composition of prolamins and glutelins. The investigated traits are use for identification of plant species as reliable characteristics. This study conducted on small grains and investigated seed traits express variability in other plant species what was presented by numerous investigation.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

NEW METHODOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN SEED PRODUCTION

Mladen Mirić

Parameters are terms of a certain phenomenon, given as a formula. Over 500 parameters have been found in the national literature related to the seed industry, but only 10% are applied. This paper deals with 21 new parameters developed by this author, and some of them have already been published. The first group encompasses the following nine parameters related to 1000-seed weight (TSW): TSW obtained from the seed number (g), seed number per 1 kg (sn/kg), 1-seed weight (osw, in mg), coefficient of variation of TSW (Cvtsw), weight of one lot per the seed number (Wln) and Wln of germinated seeds (Wlngs), yield of the number (thousands) of germinated seeds (Ytgs) and two sowing coefficients of yield (SCY in Sn/kg - sowing norm kg ha^-1 and SCY in Sn/Su – sowing norm/sowing unit ha^-1). The second group includes five balance parameters: shelling percentage (S, in %, kg), sowing areas for the inbreds of SC hybrids (SAl, in ha), index of commercial seed production (ICSP, in %), seed requirements (SR, in kg) and index of participation (IP, in %). The third group encompasses three parameters within seed processing: effect of soil pollution by treated soil (Es, in g a.i. of pesticides per ha), effect of processing (Ep, in kg, %) and effect of seed losses in processing (EL, in %, kg). There are four parameters in the general group: bulk in seed (B, in %,kg), parameter of seed price correction (P, in currency), prescribed utilisable value of seed (UVm, u %) and crop sampling (Cs, in m¹).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE FREE ENERGY STATUS IN WHEAT WITH DIFFERENT GERMINATION ABILITY

Slobodanka Sredojević, Vesna Dragičević, Marija Milivojević, Mirjana Srebrić, Petar Piper and Miroslav Vrvić

A partitioning of seed substance and water accumulation induces variations in plant growth. Therefore, a trial with wheat – variety Renesansa was set up in aim to observe the changes on 4^th and 8^th day old seedlings, originated from seeds with different germination ability.

The seedlings from seed lot with germination of 95% had lower level of hydrolysis, exudation and higher fresh weight of root in 4^th day, together with smaller amount of biosynthesis’ free energy. Already, in 8^th day, fresh weight of root was reduced 12% and dry substance was increased up to 37%, with diminished amount of its free energy input and free energy of hydrolysis, leading to forced growth, regarding to energetic disbalance between root and shoot. So, it did not get suitable conditions for further growth in appropriate moment of potential energy expansion and turned to stagnancy. Meanwhile, seedlings from seed lot with germination of 85% had 3 times lager exudation during seed imbibition that continued and slowing down during seedlings’ growth. It is important to notice that all seedlings’ fractions had double reduced potential energy input than other seed lots and equalized it up to 8^th day. At the same time, the balance between root and shoot was embraced on the energetic and growth level. Thereby, it could be supposed that initial exudation was determining factor for lack of germination in observed seed lot.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

POSSIBILITIES OF THE ZP MAIZE HYBRID SEED PRODUCTION FOR THE NATIONAL TRADE AND EXPORT

Milovan Pavlov, Predrag Jovin and Lana Đukanović

The utilisation and production of hybrid maize dates as far back as 1954 when it was established with the seeds of the US hybrids. At the beginning of the 1960s, the seed production based on domestic hybrids was initiated, and ten years later the first amounts of seeds were exported. Since then, our country has been exporting significant amounts of maize hybrid seed to the European and Asian countries, even to America. The following factors are the most important among many that affected such a rapid development of maize breeding and seed production in our country:

Favourable geographical position of Serbia that is placed in the middle of the European maize growing region with conditions for the production of maize of all FAO maturity groups
Important work of the Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, on the development of a great number of hybrids of the high genetic potential of the yield for all agroecological growing conditions
Properly organized production of basic and certified seed
Introduction of legal regulations into the field of seed production
Installment of seed drying and processing plants
Permanent advanced education of the staff working within the seed production.

This study presents factors that significantly affect the production and processing of high-quality maize seeds for the national trade and export.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE EFFECT OF SHAPE AND SIZE OF SEED OF CORN ON VARIABILITY AND CORRELATION OF CHANGES DURING GERMINATION

Božana Aćimović, Radovan Sabovljević, Divna Marković Simić, Đorđe Goranović and Sandra Milosavljević

Changes of physical-morphological items during germination hybrid seed of corn are researched. F1 seed is taken of two hybrid combination of one line of mother with two line of father. Hybrid seed is separated in six fractions of size and shape (two shapes and three sizes). Seed germination was done during t=20/30^oC (alternately 16/8h) in filter paper.

On separated seeds following physical - physiological characteristics are measured (items).For dry seed (mass off whole dry seed, volume of whole dry seed; mass of endosperm; mass of germ; volume of endosperm; germ volume); for imbibed seed (mass of whole dry seed before imbibitions; volume of whole imbibed seed; mass of imbibed endosperm; volume of imbibed endosperm; mass of imbibed germ; volume of imbibed germ; mass of drought endosperm imbibed; mass of drought germ imbibed; loosing of dry matter during imbibitions); for seed germination (mass of whole dry seed before germination); volume of whole dry seed before germination; mass of seed germination; mass of endosperm of germinated seed; volume of endosperm of germinated seed; mass of germ of germinated seed; mass of drought endosperm of gemmed seed; mass of drought germ of germinated germ; loosing of dry matter during germination.

Experimental data are done on total variability and results are shown for each hybrid combination separately and per fraction of size and shapes of seed. Correlation analysis was done separately per hybrid combination and per seed shape (flat and round) and seed mass per fraction of size is taken per growing series. Correlation analysis was done on: dry seed (dependence changeable characteristic: mass of dry seed and volume of dry seed); imbibed seed (dependence changeable characteristic: mass of whole imbibed seed, volume of whole imbibed seed and loosing mass during imbibitions); seed germination (dependence changeable characteristic: mass of whole germinated seed and loosing mass during germination). Correlation analysis is done wit application of equation of multiple regressions.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON VARIABILITY AND CORRELATION OF CHANGIES DURING SEED GERMINATION OF CORN SUGAR SEED

Jela Ikanović, Radovan Sabovljević, Đorđe Goranović, Marija Davidović and Dobrivoje Poštić

In our ecological condition sugar corn could be sawn from the start of April to the end july. Seed of sugar corn will germ under different temperature condition during that period. In this paper was researching how seed characteristics of sugar corn are changing during the period of germination under different temperature.

Material for work is seed of two F₁ hybrid combination of sugar corn, eight shape fraction and size of it seed (two shape and four size). Germinating is researched in filter paper during five temperature: t₁=20^oC const; t₂=20/30^oC (16/8h);t₃=15/30^oC (alternately 12/12h); t₄=10^oC (cold test); t₅= 20/40^oC (alternately 12/12h). Following seed characteristics were measured: mass of dry seed (before germination); mass of dry germ (after germination);loosing mass during germination; total seed germination (number). All researches were done in ten repeating per 50 seeds. Day number of germination of normal seed germination was different per temperature.

Experimental data were done on total variability C.V for each variant of researching. Correlation analysis with application of equation of multiple regressions was done for each hybrid combination and each temperature separately for dependence changeable characteristic of total germination. Seed mass, shape fraction and size is taken in growing series in correlation analysis. Values D are done (coefficient of multiple determination), R (coefficient of multiple correlation), and r (ordinary correlation coefficient between all characteristics).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

IMPORTANCE OF STAND DENSITY, INTER ROW SPACING, “MOTHER” AND “FATHER” ROW DISTANCE IN CORN SEED PRODUCTION

Branko Marinković and Jovan Crnobarac

Importance of stand density, “mother” and “father” row distance is very important for corn seed production. Inter row spacing from 70, 60 and 50 cm, and their influence on “mother” grain yield was investigated during 7 years trials. In seed production, at density ratio 6+2, beside inter row spacing, yield influence on stand density was followed as well.

Five stand densities (40.8000, 52.900, 64.900, 79.400, 89.300), total plant number per ha and density ration 6+2, was investigated.

The next results were obtained: at 70 cm inter row spacing, the highest yield was achieved with the 64.900 plant/ha stand density (4.35 t·ha^-1«mother» seed). At the first row, yield was higher for 360 and 550 kg·ha^-1 in dependence from the second and the third “mother” row. At 60 cm inter row spacing, yield was increasing till the highest density, and significant difference, in relation to 40.800 plants/ha, was at 79.400 plants/ha stands density. At the second and the third row in relation to the first “mother” row, yield difference was 430 and 510 kg·ha^-1.

The same conclusions can be made at the 50 cm inter row spacing.

With the “mother” row space increasing, yield was decreased for 370 and 460 kg·ha^-1.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

PROduction of Alfalfa seed by use of leaf-cutting bee Megachile rotundata (FAB.) (Hymenoptera: Megahilidae) in SeRBIa

Ljubiša Stanisavljević and Željko Tomanović

Alfalfa seed production is of great importance for all agriculturally developed countries. Many-year pollination of Alfalfa by use of the leaf-cutting bee M. rotundata was performed by the Faculty of Biology (University of Belgrade) in a few alfalfa fields owned by state agricultural farms (Province of Vojvodina) in the scope of a scientific project 15 to 20 years ago. The quantity of alfalfa seed on those fields pollinated by M. rotundata originating from Canada, significantly increased. The yield of the seed amounted to over 800 kg/ha in the stretch of lands where alfalfa was planted in rows 50 cm apart.

In the paper we present almost ideal possibilities of alfalfa pollination by M. rotundata in Serbia. By introduction of this solitary bee as alfalfa pollinator the production of the alfalfa seed will rapidly increase in Serbia. In this way Serbia could become a significant exporter of alfalfa seed in the wider region.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON CORRELATION BETWEEN SEED-MASS, GERMINATION AND EMERGING OF FIVE SPECIES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

Radovan Sabovljević, Radosav Jevđović, Marija Davidović, Đorđe Goranović and Divna Marković Simić

Seed germination and emerging of five medicinal plants is researched: Sinapis alba, Trigonella foenum graecum, Fagopyrum esculentum, Callendula officinalis and Malva silvestris. Seed from cultivar population which is maintaining and multiplying to the production needs in Institute for medicinal plants on experiment field in Pančevo.

From seed material control is separated and three fraction of seed-size (small, middle and large) to the type of medicinal plants.

Seed germination and emerging of germ is researched during three temperatures: t₁=20°C; t₂=10/20°C (alternately 12/12 hour); t₃=5/15°C (alternately 12/12h). Researching of germination was done on filter paper and emerging was done on quartz sand. The day number of determining the number of normal seed germinated and normal of germinated plants was different per type of medicinal plants. The mass of 100 seed was measured before putting on germination and emerging. All researching was done in ten repeating (10 x 100 seeds) for each variant of researching. Seed germination was determined in two terms (Speed germinating was determined in two terms (speed germination E.G and total germination T.G while emerging was determined in two terms.

Experimental dates are done with correlation analysis. Correlation analysis was done for each temperature separately. For seed germination multiple regression was applied while for the emerging ordinary correlation was applied. Total seed germination T.G is changeable characteristics while independence of changeable characteristics are seed mass and speed germination T.G. Coefficient of multiple determination (D), ordinary coefficient of correlation (r) direct and indirect effect are determined. Between total emerging and the seed mass the ordinary coefficient of correlation (r) are determined. The mass of 100 seeds is taken according growing series per size of fraction.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

INFLUENCE OF LEAF FERTILIZER MASTERBLAND ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF PEPPER SEEDS

Nikolay Dimitrov Panayotov

The aim of the present study was to establish the influence of leaf fertilizer Masterbland on yield and sowing quality of pepper seeds. The experiments were carried out with typical Bulgarian pepper cultivars Kurtovska kapia 1619 and Bulgarski ratund. The leaf fertilizer Mastrebland was applied in doses 1.5 g.l^-1, 3.0 g.l^-1and 6.0 g.l^-1. The pollen fertility, number of seed per fruit, percentage of normal developed seed, weight of 1000 seeds, seed yield, index of seed productivity, first count, germinability (final count), fresh matter of sprout, length of embryo root and hypocotile were investigated. Mastrebland improved seed formation and seed productivity of pepper. The most appropriate concentration for Kurtovska kapia 1619 was 3.0 g.l^-1while for Bulgarski ratund it was 1.5 g.l^-1, where yield increased by 33.3 % and 36.6 %, respectively. The germinability was higher in comparison with seeds from non-treated plants.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

INFLUENCE OF SOWING DATE ON SEED YIELD AND QUALITY

IN ONION (Allium cepa L.) BY PRODUCTION «SEED TO SEED» METHOD

Zoran Ilić, Ljubomir Šunić, Lidija Milenković and Jelica Gvozdanović-Varga

The experiments took into account four cultivars origin from different agroclimacteric regions, usually grown in our country (Prizrenski pogačar, Kupusinski jabučar, Trebinjska kapula and Holandski žuti). The sowings were realised on 15July (first term), 5August (second) and 25^thAugust (third). Sowings were carried out in rows 45 cm apart and 5cm apart along the row (number of plants 44.8/m²). Experiment was split-plot designed with three replicates. Gibberellic acid-GA₃ sprays were applied with concentration at 50ppm on plants at the 6-7 leaves stage. Yield and its principal components were analyzed (percentage of flowering, capsules/umbel, seed/capsule, 1000 seed weight, germination energy, germination).

Flowering percentage in the two years was affected by sowing date. Sowing postponment from July to August caused a reduction in the flowered plant from 90% to 40%, which produced only one umbel per plant. Sowing-flowering-seed ripening was reached almost simultaneously after 405-370 days.

Seed production was highest in the first term sowing from 15July for all cultivars. The cultivars showed differences in both years. Cultivar Kupusinski jabučar obtained the highest yield in the first term sowing – 440.4 kg/ha (in first year), while Holandski žuti obtained significantly lower in the third term from 25 August with only 140.6 kg/ha (in first year).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON SEED FRACTION GERMINATION OF TOBACCO CULTIVAR GILANSA YAKA

Zlatoljupka Stanković, Divna Marković Simić, Radovan Sabovljević, Đorđe Goranović and Sandra Milosavljević

Autochthon cultivar – population of tobacco Gilanska Yaka is typical represent of oriental aromatic of less leaves tobacco (in type basma). Mercantile crops number from 200,000 to 220,000 per hectare. Crops were done from producing seedlings. First and equalizing germination of tobacco seed and engaging germs present successfully base, reliable and cheap production of seedling with base for seedlings (industrial way of seedling production).

Seed material of cultivar Gilanska Yaka (produced in Zaječar) is separated on two size fraction with riddling trough the pedollogic riddlers: 0,71-0,80 mm; 0,63-0,71 mm; 0,40-0,25 mm. From each size fraction seed is separated with higher size (on air separator) and fraction mass: m₁; m₂; m₃. Researching of germination was on filter paper and quartz sand. Seed is watered with clear water and 0,2% soluble KNO3.Temperature of germination researching was: t₁=10/20^oC (alternately 12/12 h); t₂=20^oC const; t₃= 15/25^oC (alternately 12/12 h); t₄=25^oC const and t₅=20/30^oC (alternately 12/12h). Day number for determing normal determining seed was different for different temperature. Day number for speed germination was determined as for the speed seed germination E.K and total seed germination T.G. Before germination mass of 100 seed was measured. Researching of germination was done in ten repeating (10 x 100 seed).

All experimental data were done on total variability C.V. And with application equation of multiple regression (dependence changes is total seed germination and independence changeable characteristics are E.K and mass of 100 seed. Values D, r, direct and indirect effects are determined. Correlation analysis was done for each temperature and way of wetting separately and mass of 100 seeds, fraction (m₁, m₂, m₃) was taken in growing series.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

1000-SEED WEIGHT IN THE THEORY AND PRACTICE

Mladen Mirić, Dragojlo Selaković, Predrag Jovin and Zdravko Hojka

Out of almost a hundred properties of seeds, 20 has a commercial importance, while only 10-15, including 1000-seed weight (TSW), have been studied. There are many articles partially dealing with TSW in our literature related to the seed industry, but none of them are all-inclusive. Therefore the aim was to determine: (1) a role, (2) factors of formation and (3) obtaining desirable TSW (D_TSW). TSW depends on the inheritance and conditions and it is interrelated with sowing, drying and processing, while germination, yield and trade depend on TSW. Individual factors of TSW are numerous, and classified into two groups each with two subgroups: (a) agroecological (abiotic and biotic) and (b) agrotechnologiacal (cropping practices and processing). The variety, soil tillage, crop density and uniformity, irrigation regime and fertilisation have the greatest impact on TSW, then effects of weather conditions, except during pollination and maturity, are less important, while the fractioning has a crucial effect on TSW, but in our country it is performed to a smaller extent than world-wide. The desirable TSW is a concept meaning higher-quality, more homogenous and greater yield of seed individuals in the whole process of the seed production. It is necessary to analyse D_TSW for all varieties in order to determine which D_TSW will give the highest yield of germinable and uniform seeds per ha. Rationalisation and productivity of the labour require obtaining D_TSW as high as possible in the filed via the optimisation of cropping practices and not disregarding it in processing. TSW should be studied for all lots with the aim to select sowing boards, norms and depths.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE SMALL GRAINS SEED PRODUCTION ON CHANGING CLIMATE CONDITION

Lazar Panković and Gojko Mladenović

New varieties possess a significantly higher level of genetic potential for yield and grain quality in comparison to earlier generations. The remaining limiting factors of wheat production are agro ecological conditions, a degree of growing technology development and farmer education or transfer of knowledge. In this paper, small grain yield data have been analyzed from various field trials held at Institute of field and vegetable crops, macro-trials net in wheat growing area of Serbia and Montenegro and large wheat production field in arid and semiarid conditions of Vojvodina province. Any late planting of certain genotypes that is not within optimal deadline leads to yield decrease from 5 to 20 % depending of how late the planting was. The production based on respecting varieties specific is an unused potential for increase of average yield of small grains in changing climate condition. This kind of approach brings farmer education and better transfer new technologies in large production. The comparations of estimating yield looses in our and Romanian wheat productions marked possibilities of solutions for wheat production crisis. The better crop management under the biotic stresses condition it is pathway for highest yield in wheat productions. The Mexico wheat production under the new technology results 34% decreased costs and 23 % yield increasing. The total area of Mexican wheat production it is 950.000 ha in Sonora and Sinaloa states with 4.2 t/ha average yield. The nitrogen applied per hectare of wheat it is 150 kg nutrients. Growth potential of the new varieties in any country of the world may be used only by applying agro-technical suitable for the variety being used, farmer education and faster transfer and production application of new scientific achievements.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

SEED PRODUCTION OF NOVI SAD SMALL GRAINS CULTIVARS DURING THE PERIOD 1995-2005. YEARS

Gojko Mladenović and Lazar Panković

The growing area of small grains in Serbia has been significantly decreased during last decade. In the last season 2005/06 has been planted around 530.000 ha of winter wheat and near the 70.000 winter barley. This growing area is the smallest of last 50 years.

Under the Novi Sad cultivars it is more than 90% planting area in Republic of Serbia. The number of primary important cultivars is around twenty but 8 winter wheat and 3 winter barley cultivars make more than 80% wide production.

Small grain cultivars of Novi Sad Institute have gown and planted in foreign countries (Ukraine, Macedonia, Romania, ...).

Every year have been planted more than 30.000 ha seed production of small grains and produced around 100.000 tons certificated seed all categories.

The genetic potential for yield and technological quality of new released cultivars indicated changes and replaced instead of standard growing cultivars. New varieties could not lighten of small grains seed productions in future period.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

EFFECTS OF THE SOWING DENSITY ON ТHE YIELD AND THE NUMBER OF SEEDS IN SEED MAIZE

Predrag Jovin, Milovan Pavlov, Lana Đukanović,

Dragiša Lopandić, Zdravko Hojka and Đalović Ivica

Higher sowing densities (57,100, 71,400 and 85,500 plants ha-1) of the female component did not significantly affect the yield increase in the hybrid ZP 196 (4.56, 4.61 and 4.70 t ha-1) under natural conditions of cultivation, but they significantly affected the increase of the number of germinated seeds (21,272,000, 23,893,000 and 24,226,000 ha-1). In the seed production under irrigation conditions of the hybrid ZP 677, greater densities (71,400, 85,500 and 99,900 plants ha-1) did not significantly affect the increase of neither the yield (3.39, 3.44 and 3.60 t ha-1) nor the number of germinated seeds (11,238,000, 11,651,000 and 12,427,000 ha-1). On the other hand, higher sowing densities (71,400, 85,500 and 99,900 plants ha-1) of the female component significantly increased both, the yield (4.01, 4.38 and 4.40 t ha-1) and the number of germinated seeds (13,122,000, 15,022,000 and 15,560,000 ha-1) in the hybrid ZP 680 under irrigation conditions.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

DRYING PROCESS AND MAIZE SEED GERMINATION

Ljubića Prijić, Branka Kresović, Mioljub Mišović and Mile Sečanski

The regular seed drying regime is essential for maintenance of maize seed germination. The choice of seed drying regime depends on moisture percent in seed, genotype, drying facility construction etc. Correlation between seed germination at the end of drying process and parameters such as: moisture in seed, genotype and duration of drying process was investigated. The objects of this investigation were the components of ZP hybrids of maize. This investigation was done in the drying facility for basic seed in the Maize Research Institute. This four bins facility has an opportunity for seed drying by direct and indirect mode. Moisture was measured during drying process at least six times. Samples for seed moisture determination were taken from the upper part of ear mass. The results of this investigation showed the correlation between observed parameters. Components with different ear size and number of seeds on ear, used in this experiment, affected the level of correlation.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE RESPONSE OF PARENTAL COMPONENTS OF ZP MAIZE HYBRIDS TO HERBICIDE EFFECTS

Lidija Stefanović and Milena Simić

Different phytotoxic effects were detected in susceptible maize genotypes when recently produced herbicides had been applied. The response of parental components of two medium early maturity maize hybrids to herbicides was studied under conditions of Zemun Polje during 2004 and 2005. The following herbicides: Merlin 0.135 kg ha^-1, Motivel 1,25 l ha^-1, Equip 2 l ha^-1, Tarot plus 0.3 kg ha^-1, Callisto 0.25 l ha^-1 and Grid 0.02 kg ha^-1 were applied in the 2-3-leaf stage of maize. The estimations of both, phytotoxic effects, on the 1-9 EWRC scale, and maize grain yields, were carried out in the trial. The obtained results were statistically processed.

Susceptibility of inbreds ranged depending on the applied herbicides. The average EWCR estimates varied from 1.83 to 3.25, indicating moderate damages that were mainly manifested by means of insignificant leaf wilting and colour changes. Statistically very significant differences in EWCR estimates were determined in dependence on the applied herbicide as well as the following interactions: herbicide x genotype, herbicides x year of investigation, and year x genotype. The highest average EWRC estimates for all genotypes in both years were obtained in the treatments Tarot plus (3.10) and Grid (2.98). Similar regularities were established in maize grain yields: the lowest values were obtained in the treatments Tarot plus (4.14 t ha^-1) and Grid (4.41 t ha^-1).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

ZP MAIZE HYBRID SEED PRODUCTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA: STATE AND POSSIBILITIES

Dragiša Lopandić, Jovo Stojčić, Slavko Radanović and Josif Dubovina

Production of ZP hybrid maize seeds in Republic of Srpska has been organized by two producers: Agricultural Complex ‘Semberija’ from Bijeljina and the RS Institute of Agriculture in Banja Luka.

In the course of the performance both producers have presented the achieved results in seed production of cultivated ZP hybrids for the period from 2002 to 2005. On the basis of the fruition obtained it can be concluded that the highest level of ZP hybrid seed production in Republic of Srpska was achieved, within the analyzed period, in 2005: total 227,711 kg of seeds at the area of 93 ha with an average fruition of 2,448 kg/ha. In 2005 a very high average fruition was also achieved with cultivated seed crops: in Banja Luka ZP 360 hybrid yielded 3,400 kg/ha of seeds at 30 ha, whereas in Bijeljina the ZP 434 gave 2,337 kg/ha of seeds on an average, at 36 ha.

Within the analyzed period there have been considered reasons for the yield varying from one year to another. The producers have paid special attention to maintenance of genetic purity and quality of the seeds. For the same purpose, production of ZP hybrid maize seeds in the RS is included in the unique system of production, drying, processing and turnover of hybrid seeds at the Maize Institute ‘Zemun Polje’.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION ON GERMINATION AND VIGOR OF SOYBEAN SEED

(Glycine max. (L.) MERR.)

Milka Vujaković, Mirjana Milošević, Zorica Nikolić and Ksenija Taški-Ajduković

Weather conditions especially quantity and distribution of rainfalls, as well as drought, significantly reduce yield and quality of soybean seed. Unfavorable effect of drought could be successfully eliminated by crop irrigation.

Three commercial soybean varieties (Balkan, Ravnica and Novosadjanka), and two lines developed in the Research institute of field and vegetable crops in Novi Sad, were tested. The seed was produced under conditions of dry farming and irrigation. Seed germination (Standard laboratory method), and seed vigor (Accelerated aging test, Hiltner test, and Cold test) were tested under laboratory condition.

Seed produced under irrigation (Standard laboratory method) had germination value higher than the seed produced under dry farming conditions. By application of this test significant differences among tested varieties and lines were observed. In estimation of seed vigor the highest values were obtained when accelerated aging test was applied. Significant differences among tested varieties and lines and different production conditions were obtained for seed vigour using Hiltner and Cold tests.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE EFFECT OF DENSITY OF SEED CROPS ON VARIABILITY COMPONENTS OF FERTILE SEED AT THREE CULTIVAR OF SOY-BEAN

Srđan Anđelović, Radovan Sabovljević, Vladan Plazinić and Milorad Rošulj

The yield of soy-bean seed depends from number factors from which showing component of fertilisers is the most important group. On showing components of fertilizers at different cultivars direct effect with changing density of seed crops.

Showing components of fertilizers is researched at three cultivar of soy-bean during three year (1999, 2000 and 2001). The field experiment was comprised three density of seed crops (300,000, 400,000 and 600,000 plants per hectare). Components of fertilizers were measured on twenty plants for each density separately in each year and for each cultivar. Following plants characteristics were measured: number of node, number of pods (total and on branches), number of seed (total and on branches) seed-mass (total and on branches).

Total variability of each component of fertilizers is determined for each factor (cultivar, crops density, and year). Each component of fertilizer is determined with three factor analysis of variance were the factors cultivar, crops density, period of vegetation. Number of node show minimal variability in all variants. Number of pods on plant, number of seed on plant and seed mass on plant show high and unreliable variability. The same characteristics on branches show very high variability in showing.

Analysis of variance show high and very high statistic significance of three factors separately and their interaction on showing component of fertilizers of soy-bean plants. During the period of consideration of researching it should take it in consideration that the number of branches is very small (per cultivar), then per crops density in vegetation period. The results of researching have to be shown in ration on structures of yield of seed cultivar of seed (number and seed mass per hectare and per plant).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

LANA – SOYBEAN (Glycine max L.) VARIETY LACKING KUNITZ-TRYPSIN INHIBITOR

Mirjana Srebrić, Ljubiša Prijić and Irina Božović

Variety LANA is a result of soybean breeding programme aimed to reduce trypsin inhibitor activity. LANA is late cultivar, with grain yield equal to varieties from the same maturity group. Mature grain of soybean LANA is lacking Kunitz trypsin inhibitor. KTI is the main trypsin inhibitor existed in soybean grain, responsible for almost a half of trypsin inhibitory activity in raw grain. Conventional soybeans grain requires heat processing to break down trypsin inhibitor’s activity before can be used as animal feed. At the same time, protein denatures and other qualitative changes occur in soybean grain, especially if the temperature of heating is not controlled. Due to the lack of KTI, grain of variety LANA can be processed at a lower temperature and for a shorter period of time than conventional soybeans, which is of interest in industrial processing. It can be also used in non-ruminant animal direct feeding without previous thermal treatment.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

JASMIN CRVENI – NEW VARIETY OF CHERRY TOMATO

Živoslav Marković, Jasmina Zdravković, Bogoljub Zečević, Mirjana Mijatović and Željko Radošević

The scientific name is of cherry tomato is Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme. Cherry tomatoes are generally considered to be similar but not identical to the wild precursor of the domestic tomato. The fruits are small of cherry type, of exceptionally sweet taste. They are often sweeter than standard tomatoes. Ideal for use in pots and containers. A cherry tomato is a garden variety of tomato. It is marketed at a premium to ordinary tomatoes, and is popular as a snack and in salads. Today cherry tomato is a luxury food items on our tables, but also on menu offering of exclusive restaurants.

Jasmin crveni is new variety of cherry tomato breeded in Centre for Vegetable Crops in Smed. Palanka. The plant is of indeterminante habit, with good amount of foliage. The cluster is complex with a great number of fruts (30-50). Variety is of very early maturity, and with large temperature adaptability. The fruits are of intensive red coulor, small, average weight is 20-25 g., of exceptionally sweet taste. The variety is suitable for early and also very late production in plastic tunnels and outdoor production, with supports, ideal for growing in pots or conteiners on balkons. The variety has Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) resistance.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

MONA F₁– NEW PEPPER (Capsicum annuum L.) HYBRID IN THE CENTRE FOR VEGETABLE CROPS

Dejan Cvikić, Bogoljub Zečević, Nenad Pavlović and Radiša Đorđević

The planted area various ways of pepper consumption (fresh or processed), make pepper one of the most important cultivars in vegetable breeding. In our country, up until now, the producers have usually grown varieties and domestic populations of pepper, while in more developed countries the usage of F₁ hybrids is much more popular.

The first pepper hybrids have been created in the Centre for Vegetable Crops by crossing new lines with male sterility gene ms-3 and selected genotypes from pepper collection. Created hybrids have higher yield, quality fruits and early ripening. This paper is the result of comparative trial in controlled conditions. Pepper varieties Župska rana, Zlatna medalja, Palanačka kapija and Duga bela, as well as new hybrid Mona F₁were the research matherial in order to observe the most important pepper traits.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE RESEARCH OF QUALITY AND GERMINATION OF BEAN - FRENCH BEAN SEED

Milan Zdravković, Jasmina Zdravković, Vesna Todorović, Nenad Pavlović and Dejan Cvikić

The previous year 2005, was not suitable for bean - French bean seed production. Unusually cold spring caused the late sawing and frequent summer rains jeopardized the yield and caused the damage of grains by alternaria. Inadequately protected crops in stores have been endangered by been weevil.

Laboratory research of germination covered the bean and French bean seed in different variances: normal “good” look of grain; “not so good” grains with clear signs of alternaria; bean and French bean seeds with clear signs of been weevil and seeds of high French beans by using the method of two factorial block trial. The second factor was freezing of seeds. The results showed that the lowest germination had the grains with clear signs of alternaria. But still they had some percentage of germination. Grains with been weevil showed good germination in laboratory conditions.

Germination of beans and French beans is the same. Frozen and non frozen seeds showed no significant difference among cultivars.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

A COMPARATIVE DESCRIPTION OF DRY BEAN CULTIVARS USING IPGR AND UPOV DESCRIPTORS

Mirjana Vasić, Jelica Gvozdanović-Varga and Adam Takač

When working with genetic resources, genotypes are typically described on the basis of IBPGR descriptors, which imply sound knowledge of the species which is being described. UPOV descriptors are most frequently used for registration, protection and distribution of new cultivars of agricultural crops. In the latter procedure, new cultivars are described in comparison with standard cultivars. These two procedures have been used for description of domestic dry bean cultivars. The cultivars were described on the basis of seedling traits, leaf and stem measurements, scales of intensity of traits and photographs. Similarities and differences among the cultivars were estimated by multivariate analysis. Finally, the two systems of description were compared.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

GOROSTAS – MEDIUM EARLY PEA (Pisum sativum L.) VARIETY

IN THE CENTRE FOR VEGETABLE CROPS

Radiša Đorđević, Bogoljub Zečević, Dejan Cvikić, Jelena Damnjanović and Milan Damjanović

A new pea variety Gorostas has been created in the Centre for Vegetable Crops in Smederevska Palanka. New selected genotype was made by crossing foreign early variety Action and medium late variety Frila by using pedigree method. The variety belongs to the early ripening type – 66 days from germination till technological maturity. The plant is 70 cm high, and in phase of technological maturity in the open field it is 40 cm high with lodge index 57, 1%. The plant is dark green and forms 17, 4 nodes, and flowers from the eight node. Total number of pods per plant is 9,4 with 8,2 of grains. Pods are medium long, slightly banded on the top. The variety has a very good yield – 8-9 tons of young green grain per hectare. The introduction of new pea variety Gorostas in production fulfils the pea assortment.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

CORRELATION BETWEEN CHANGES DURING TUBERS GERMINATION OF POTATO SEED OF DIFFERENT ORIGIN

Radovan Sabovljević, Dobrivoja Poštić and Predrag Jovanić

Potato could be produced from seed as tuber (agricultural seed). During seed tuber production healthy is the main problem. If it all rights other problem appear: germination equalizing and germ growing and crossing on autotroph feeding (appear and leaves development from germ).Those problems appearing separately in seed potatoes production.

Material in work was seed tuber of potato from two seed categories: original and first cultivar reproduction. Material is from two cultivars: dezire and condor. Experiment was done on three location (Kotraža, Sjenica and Golija). Collected seed tubers are carried on the same way. Tubers are exhibited of different light and temperature combination (dark and light faze).Changes during germ germination were fallen on seven day total per term. Following tuber characteristic of potatoes were: number of germ, fattening of germ, germ length and number of leaves.

For each cultivar and seed category of seed correlation analysis was done with appliance of equation of multiple regression (values are determined D,R,r)

Results are very dispergency but show some regularity in grouping (in ration to the changes, location, years and seed categories).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

SEED PRODUCTION IN ONION AS INFLUENCED BY DATES OF BULB PLATING

Ljubomir Šunić, Zoran Ilić and Mihal Đurovka

Bulb to seed method represents standard method in production of seed onion for high category of seed (original, elite and superelite). Bulbs of four onion cultivars-Prizrenski pogačar, Kupusinski jabučar, Trebinjska kapula and Holandski žuti for seed production were grown at South Banat (Pančevo region) agroclimateric conditions.

Bulb were planted in two planting dates, on 10 October (autumn planting) and 10 March (spring planting). The avegare weight of bulbs was 60-80gr at densities of 14,8 bulbs per square meters. Experiment was desinged split-plot method with three replicaties. Seed harvesting was carried out when 5-10% of the capsules were open in 50% of umbels.

All the plants (bulb-to-seed) bolted and flowered both in the autumn and spring planting. Average number of plant seed heads (umbels) per plant depend on cultivars and planting date. The highest number of umbels per plant (5,28) was Trebinjski and the lowest for Holandski žuti (3,25) in spring planting-2004. The highest production per hectar achived in cultivar Kupusinski jabučar (1305kg) in autumn planting-2003/2004. The lower yield was obtained with cultivar Holandski žuti (919,1kg) in autumn planting-2004/2005. No statistically significant difference was detected in the seed yield between autumn and spring planting bulbs.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

Seed yield of lettuce in different sawing periods

Jasmina Zdravković, Ljiljana Stanković, Vesna Todorović, Nenad Pavlović and Milan Zdravković

This paper is a result of researching the number of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seed per plant in two sawing periods. The presumption was that the traits: total number of flowers and total number of flowers per head, are highly correlated and that they represent the components of seed yield. In the second sawing period the skipping of the heading phase was provoked. Skipping of the heading phase is the effect of the long day, when plants transfer to flowering phase from phase of 4-6 permanent leaves. This research aimed to investigate the decrease of the seed number depending on sowing time lettuce seed crop.

Ten lettuce varieties (Nansen, Majska kraljica, Safir, Univerzal, Ravel, Atraction, Superble, Type-5140, Ljubljanska ledenka and Brauner) for total flower number and the number of flowers per flower head in two sawing periods were compared. Two-factorial trial in random block system with four replications was performed. The correlation of the two researched traits was medium (r = 0,706) without significance. Regression coefficient showed the correlation of these traits. Variance analysis showed that variance of genotype was not significant: the other factor, sowing time and interaction (genotype x sowing time) were not significant. The coefficient of phenotype variance was higher than the genetic variance coefficient for both traits.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE EFFECT OF SOME TREATMENT IN PROCEEDING ON BEET ROOT SEED CHARACTERISTICS

Radovan Sabovljević, Zlatoljupka Stanković, Borivoje Petrović, Đorđe Goranović, Dragan Biserčić and Saša Petrović

Cultivar of beet root “srpska duga” (prised in 2004) with higher one seed and two ball seed separately in less fraction that are less from 3.50 mm. One ball seed are in fraction with higher dimension but in less number. Number of two ball seed is higher in fraction above 3,50mm. In agrotechnical point of view it is necessary equalize seed material per shape and size but and in seed ball point of view.

Fraction ball sizes with higher two ball seed (above 50%) are experiment proceeded on laboratory polir machine. Participation one ball seed is higher above 80% (in number) and more 90%. Participation two ball seed are following and could be shown on two way: base of mass in kg and per volume base in (l). In both case participation is determine and show weightily as a number of ball. The effect of easy poling of two seed ball basing that both seed fruit in ball are not the same size of maturing that one seed easy fall down from ball. That effect appearing and at less three seed ball.

Speed and equalization of seed germination of beet root (from two seed ball) successfully are breeded with application of washing during 12 hour. Washing (as a matter of fact: soaking ball of beet root in water) last from 12 hour that could initiate very fast germination of that seed from air temperature and speed drying.

Experimental results are done on total variability and correlation characteristics seed mass of beet root in one liter and in one kilogram; the mass of one seed ball and two seed ball in one liter before and after experimental proceedings.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

THE EFFECT OF INTER- ROW DISTANCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ON ALFALFA SEED YIELD OF ALFALFA (Medicago sativa L.)

Dragoljub Beković

An experimental study, aimed to establish the effect of inter-row distance and environmental conditions on alfalfa seed yield was carried out at the location "Ledena stena", in a suburb of Nis, in the period of 2001-2003. The three sowing modes were studied, with inter-row distances of 20 cm, 40 cm, and 60 cm. Seven alfalfa cultivars were involved in the study as follows: NS-Banat ZMS II, NS-Slavija, NS-Novosadjanka H-11, and NS-Tisa, created in the Institute for Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad; K–23 and K–28 created in the Center for Forage Crops, Krusevac; as well as Zajecarska 83 created in the Center for Agricultural and Technological Research, Zajecar.

A significant effect on seed yield was also shown by sowing mode, so the highest seed yield was reached with the inter-row distance of 40 cm (297.39 kg ha), and the lowest one with the distance of 60 cm (256.09 kg ha).

Annual weather conditions had a significant effect on seed yield. So seed yield ranged by year from 155.2 – 426.5 kg ha.

The effect of genotype on seed yield was also significant, so the best yielding cultivars were Zajecarska 83 (302.5 kg ha) and K–28 (296.1 kg ha), and the worst yielding ones were K–23 (250.0 kg ha) and NS-Tisa (257.3 kg ha).

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

SEED LONGEVITY OF FODDER GALEGA (Galega orientalis Lam.)

Lana Đukanović, Marija Milivojević, Jasna Vujinović and Batrić Radenović

Seed longevity depends on numerous factors, but the most important ones are: belonging to the botanical species and conditions of processing and storage. The most important factors related to storage conditions are temperature, air relative humidity and seed moisture. Seeds of some plant species can be germinable for several decades if stored under favourable conditions. Some species of the family Fabacea are vital even after 50 years of storage. The studies on more important traits of fodder galega belonging to the family Fabacea date as long ago as 1992. At that time, the following traits were observed: 1000-seed weight, germination viability/vigour of emergence, total germination and the number of hard seeds.

The seeds of the varieties "YU-MARGARITA" and RB-MAG 1/97, produced in the period 1994-2002, were tested. The seeds were stored under uncontrolled conditions in one ply paper bags. The tests were performed in the year of production and in 2006. Obtained results point out that seed viability was high. Seed viability is best expressed by germination viability/vigour of emergence and total seed germination after a long-term storage.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

TEN YEARS OF PLANTING FODDER GALEGA VORIETY YU MARGARITA, MAG1/97 IN SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO

Batrić Radenović

Based on our research in laboratory and field conditions in 1991-2000, in the region of North Backa, we have established that fodder galega verietu YU Margarita MAG 1/97 hase the contain of drz matter of 20% buttonization stage, and 25% in the stage of blooming. The content of raw proteins is 27,77% stage of buttinization, and 24,56% stage of blooming. The conten of raw cellulose 18,95% stage of buttonozation, and 20,40% stage of blooming (the whole plant). During the testing, this plans has show resistance to: disease, pest, Cuscuta spp, low temperatures and weeds from the III zear of life.

The total yuield of green mass and hay was: green mass 79,3 t/ha, and hay 17 17 t/ha (I+II+III swath, the 1991-2000 average). The average stalk height was: I swath 120,8 cm, II 85,7 cm, III 60,2 cm (the 1991-2000 average). When preparing the hay the leaf don't fall off, the entire lenght of the stalk is hollow, easy for drilling and pressing. The cattle gladly east: the green mass, hay, silage and protein vegetable flour. Un the year of wowing, the overhead part of the plant grows slowly, more quickly grows the root system so the weeds can suffocate theplant, weed control is necesary. During the next years the overhead part grows quickly, the multiplying is vegetatively and protects itself against weeds. All productive characteristic were significantly higher compared to the trail average, which was our control, from the 5-9 zear of life. To grow well, it requires planty of water, especially in the year of sowing. Sure and hiogh yield of green mass and hay give in humid regions and in conditions of irrigation.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

SEED CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE INTRODUCED SPECIES OF Amaranthus spp.

Vesna Vujačić and Marija Bodroža-Solarov

Four amaranth species: A. molleros, A. caudatus, A. Cruentus, and A. Mantegazzianus were studied. A one-year experiment was set in order to investigate chemical properties of the seed: protein content, ash content, and oil content. The experiment was set according to the random block design, and the results were subjected to the analysis of variance. Coefficients of variation and standard deviations were also calculated.

The analysis of the seed chemical properties revealed considerably low variability regarding these properties. Protein content varied from 14.88% (A. caudatus) to 16.55% (A. cruentus). Ash content ranged between 2.32% (A. caudatus) and 2.73% (A. molleros). Oil content in the amaranth seed varied from 5.56% (A. mantegazzianus) to 6.16% (A. molleros). The oil, derived from the seed of the investigated amaranth species (extracted by the cold pressure technique) was yellow-orange and of distinctive aroma and flavour. Its content in the amaranth seed (5.56%-6.16%) was higher than oil content in the seed of conventional grains. Also, the presence of squalenes should provide a solid basis for further research concerning quality, role, and application of amaranth seed oil.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

VARIABILITY OF VINEYARD PEACH TREE TRAITS

Gordan Zec, Slavica Čolić, Dejan Marinković, Dragan Nikolić and Zoran Janković

Vineyard peach seedlings are the most important rootstock for peach in Serbia and abroad. High variability is the characteristic of vineyard peach planting material that has used in nursery production as rootstock. Through the work of many years, genotypes with qualitative traits were selected and collected. Seedlings that present progeny of nine selected genotypes, as result of self and open pollination, were exanimate. References were vineyard peach seedlings, as result of uncontrolled pollination, with different geographical origin. Research goal is to get vineyard peach genotypes that will give uniform generative progeny with qualitative traits. This paper presents the results of two years research of morphological traits of more than 500 vineyard seedlings. On the basis of results, positive genotypes were selected for further inbreeding

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

GENETICALLY-PHYSIOLOGICALLY FUNDAMENTS OF BROADLEAVED SEED DORMANCY

Vasilije Isajev and Vladan Ivetić

Induction and breakage of seed dormancy are happening under various conditions, followed by activation of different physiology mechanisms. Still, function of dormancy is very similar among species; for example, prolongation of germination period in accordance with weather season for avoiding of unfavorable environment conditions and for providing of plants establishing. In this paper we were analyze dormancy types on autochthonous and introduced broadleaved tree species. On some species variability of dormancy types correlated to provenance and seed origin. Additionally, attention was paid on changes of dormancy types on introduced tree species, like result of adaptation on new environmental conditions.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

IMPROVEMENT OF SEED GERMINATION OF Fagus moesiaca /DOMIN, MALY/ CZECZOTT

Vladan Ivetić and Vasilije Isajev

Traditionally, germination rate of beechnuts was enhanced either by decreasing the dormancy breakage period, or by increasing seed lot quality. A simple grading based on weight of beechnuts, before exposing the dormant seeds to dormancy breaking conditions, significantly increased germination capacity of heavy class beechnuts and reduced the period of dormancy breakage. Similar results were obtained by removing the endocarp. Previous reports and results from the effect of endocarp removal suggest a possible role of other agents in dormancy of beechnuts. Water soluble phenolics extracts from the seed coats, significantly suppress the germination of others species seed. The endocarp may act as a barrier against exudation of these germination inhibitors.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

SEED MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS VARIABILITY OF DIFFERENT GINKGO STEMS FROM BELGRADE GREEN AREAS

Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić, Jelena Milovanović and Dragica Vilotić

Researches, done in this paper, have had the aim of variability gradient defining of ginkgo seed morphological traits from stems of Belgrade green areas. According to the results of the analysis, there is significant intra-species variability of seed morphological characteristics, which can be explained with individuals genetic constitution, level of mating successfulness (presence or absence of pollen) and environmental conditions (climatic and others) in the masting year. Marking of superior genotypes, based on compilation of tree breeding problematic and plant production technological components, providing ginkgo improved multi - purposed seedling material production.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

MODEL OF SEEDLING SEED ORCHARD FOR THE SPECIFIC PURPOSE PRODUCTION OF THE EUROPEAN PLANE SEEDLINGS

Radmila Knežević and Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić

The European plane (Platanus x acerifolia Willd.) was formed by sub-spontaneous hybridization of eastern plane (Platanus orientalis L.) and western plane (Platanus occidentalis L.). It shows a series of advantages compared to both parents. The stability of seed and seedling characters of hybrid plane enables the superior heterozygosity of F1 generation obtained by crossing Platanus orientalis L. x Platanus occidentalis L. and reciprocally.

For the production of high quality seeds and nursery stock of F1 generation, a model of seedling seed orchard is proposed, with plant height up to 10 m. The model predicts the introduction 80 genotypes, originating from 10 parent trees (five eastern planes and five western planes) on the area of about 1.10 ha. The establishment of the specific-purpose orchard is a significant phase in the breeding, i.e. in the directed evolution of plane trees.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

YIELD QUALITY IN CONIFER SEED STANDS IN SERBIA, BASE FOR THE DESIGNATION OF SEED ZONES

Vera Lavadinović, Vasilije Isajev and Aleksandar Lučić

The Institute of Forestry in Belgrade carries out long-term continual test methods for the determination of seed quality aiming at the study of inter-provenance variability, as the base of the designation of seed zones of coniferous species in Serbia.. The harmonised program of the seed service, producer and selectionist is performed in the aim of conserving and improving the genetic potential of allochthonous tree species biodiversity. The paper presents the seven-year results of laboratory analyses of the seeds of allochthonous coniferous species - fir, Serbian spruce, spruce, Austrian pine and Scots pine collected in the seed stands of these species at six localities in Serbia. The morphological and physiological parameters of seeds were researched by using ISTA standards and guidelines for coniferous forest species. The study results indicate that all the analysed species show an inter population variability of the yield quality within the same year and between different years and that individual seed stands have the yield of uniform quality, irrespective of the variable climatic characteristics in different years.

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Published in Book of Abstracts „THIRD SYMPOSIUM ON THE BREEDING OF ORGANISMS

OF THE SOCIETY and FORTH SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM ON BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE SERBIAN ASSOCIATION OF PLANT BREEDERS & SEED PRODUCERS“

Zlatibor (Serbia), May 16–20, 2006

EFFECT OF SEED TREATMENT WITH INSECTICIDE ON THE ENERGY OF GERMINATION AND GERMINATION PERCENTAGE OF OIL PUMPKIN

Milka Vujaković, Janoš Berenji, Radosav Sekulić and

Mirjana Milošević

Oil pumpkin is a special form of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.). Oil pumpkin with hulled seed as well as naked seeded oil pumpkin can be distinguished. In the course of seed processing, in addition to calibration, special attention is paid to treatment with pesticides. The usual components of seed treatment are fungicides, color, glow and talc. The purpose of this paper was to study the effect of seed treatment with insecticide in order to control the economically important soil-borne insects as well as those pests attacking the above ground part of the plants during the early growth stage.

The experiment involved the hulled seeded oil pumpkin cultivar «Olivija» as well as the naked seeded experimental cultivars "G" and "25". The seed was treated with thiamethoxame (Cruiser FS 350) with 6.5, 9.75 and 13 ml/kg of seed and with imidaclopride (Gaucho FS 600) with 4.5, 6.75 and 9 ml/kg of seed. Standard laboratory procedure was used to estimate the energy of germination and germination percentage.

No significant effect of insecticide treatment on the energy of germination and germination percentigae was observed for hulled seeded oil pumpkin. However, significant decrease of the energy of germination as compared to untreated control was experienced for naked seeded oil pumkin. Germination percentage was also decreased especially at the higher doses of insecticides applied.

This study will be contionued in the laboratory as well as under field conditions in order to find out the safe dose for insectide treatment of the seed of naked seeded oil pumpkin.

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