SERBIAN GENETICS SOCIETY
SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS
Sokobanja, Serbia, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
Chairmanship
Katarina BOROJEVIĆ
Janko DUMANOVIĆ
Ivan MIHALJEV
Bogoljub SOLDATOVIĆ
Aleksandar TUCOVIĆ
Slobodan ŽIVKOVIĆ
Program Committee
Kosana KONSTANTINOV, president
Marko ANĐELKOVIĆ
Nada BARJAKTAROVIĆ
Janoš BERENJI
Vojislav GUZINA
Mile IVANOVIĆ
Vasilije ISAJEV
Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ
Dragoslav MARINKOVIĆ
Draga SIMIĆ
Ljubiša TOPISIROVIĆ
Mladen VUJOŠEVIĆ
Organizing Committee
Vasilije ISAJEV, president
Jelena KNEŽEVIĆ-VUKČEVIĆ, vice-president
Marina STAMENKOVIĆ-RADAK, vice-president
Janoš BERENJI
Živorad GAJIĆ
Miodrag DIMITRIJEVIĆ
Selma KANAZIR
Desimir KNEŽEVIĆ
Miroslava MICIĆ
Snežana MLADENOVIĆ DRINIĆ
Sasa ORLOVIĆ
Slaven PRODANOVIĆ
Branka VASILJEVIĆ
Secretariat
Mirjana ŠIJAČIĆ-NIKOLIĆ, president
Dražen JELOVAC, vice-president
Jelena BEAGOJEVIĆ
Veselinka ĐORĐEVIĆ
Marina ĐURIŠIĆ
Tatjana TERZIĆ
SERBIAN GENETICS SOCIETY
SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS
Sokobanja, Serbia, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
Kosana Konstantinov
Genetics at third milenium beginning
Plenary lectures
Lj. Topisirović. M. Kojić, Dj. Fira, N. Miladinov, I. Strahinić, O. Gajić, S. Arsenijević i I. Spasojević
Molecular genetics of lactic acid bacteria is a basis for development of modern dairy biotechnology
Drinić Mladenović Snežana, Jelovac Dražen i Konstantinov Kosana
Molecular biology and information technology in plant breeding
Selma Kanazir, Sabera Ruždijić, Ljubisav Rakić
Modulation of gene expression byantisense oligonucleotides
Mladen Vujošević i Jelena Blagojević
Populational and evolutionary aspects of B-hromosomes - A case of yellow-necked mice
Marko Anđelković i Marina Stamenković-Radak
Population genetic aspect of stress
Draga Simić, Jelena Knežević-Vukčević
Plant antimutagens and cancer prevention
Roy Forster
The use of transgenic animals in carcinogenicity testing
Drinić Goran i Babić Milosav
Genetics and breeding of maize - achievements and challenges
Dragan Škorić
Achievements of sunflower breeding at the end of the 20th century
M. Ivanović, Violeta Anđelković
V.Isajev, A.Tucović
Gene pool conservation and tree breeding
Živoslav Marković, Jasmina Zdravković, Mirjana Mijatović
New approach in tomato breeding (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
Desimir Knežević, Novo Pržulj
Contribution of genetics in breeding of small grains
Romac S.
The expansion of trinucleotide repeats as a genetical cause of neurological and psychiatric disease
Milena Stevanović i Marija Guc-Šćekić
Application of molecular techniques in diagnostics of chromosomal disorders
Sekcija 1. Molecular genetics
Goran Ljubijankić
Nataša Miladinov, Irena Spasojević i Ljubiša Topisirović
Zvezdana Popović, Aleksandra Đurković, Jelena Zarić i Marina Lušić
Induction of albumin synthesis in Belgrade laboratory (b/b) rat reticulocytes
Stamenković Gorana, Laketa Danijela, Gudurić Jasenka, Veljković Emilija, Krtolica-Zikić
Koviljka i Dimitrijević Bogomir
HCV genotype detection by SSCP in Yugoslav population
Vesna Lazić-Jančić, D. Kovačević i S.A. Quarrie
BSA with candidate drought-induced genes
Milena Stevanović, Nikola Arsić, Tamara Rajić, Slavica Stanojčić, Tomislav Terzin, Vesna
Verbić, Maja Vujić, Nebojša Mirković i Danica Grujić
SOX genes: Brain development and sex determination
Nikola Tanić, Nasta Dedović, Mladen Vujošević i Bogomir Dimitrijević
Branka Vasiljević, Milorad Kojić, Milojević, Sandra Vajić, Marijana Miljković,
Tatjana Ilić
Control of resistance genes in antibiotic-producing actinomycetes
Jelena Brkljačić, Jelena Avramović, Paja Šijačić, Svetlana Radović, Vesna Maksimović
The isolation of buckwheat genomic clone containing the gene for metalothionein-like protein
Sandra Vajić, Milorad Kojić, Branka Vasiljević
Comparative study of Micromonospora strains producing aminoglycoside antibiotics
Marijana Vučinić, Z. Gajić i P. Stojić
The application of genetic markers in prevention of dairy cattle mastitis
Nataša Grujičić, Sonja Pavlović, Sanja Pavlović, Zvezdana Popović
Functional analysis of the rat βbminy - globin gene promoter
Tatjana Ilić, Milorad Kojić, Goran Ljubijankić, Branka Vasiljević
Synthesis and secretion of the sgm methylase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Radmila Janjušević, Mirjana Lilić, Milija Jovanović, Goran Jovanović i Dragutin Savić
The regulation of cls gene expression in bacteria Escherichia coli K12
Milija Jovanović, Mirjana Lilić, Radmila Janjušević, Goran Jovanović i Dragutin Savić
Milan Kojić, Slavica Arsenijević, Olivera Gajić, Vanesa Munćan i Ljubiša Topisirović
Construction of shuttle vector pA13
Marija Mijatović, Jelena Stanković, Marijana Petakov, Gordana Jovčić, Jelena Zarić, Zvezdana Popović
Large scale of isolation of rat erythroid progenitors for gene therapy
Marijana Miljković, Nataša Milojević, Milorad Kojić, Branka Vasiljević
Two-plasmid system for isolation of regulatory and gentamicin sensitive mutants of the sgm gene
Tatjana Mitrović i Zvezdana Popović
Promoter sequences required for regulated expression of the rat βbminy - globin gene in rel cells
Snežana Mladenović Drinić i Kosana Konstantinov
Polymorphism of PCR based markers and heterosis in maize
Pavković, N., Todorović, V., Glišin, V., Ljubijankić, G.
Yeast shuttle expression vector with dominant selective marker
Tamara Rajić, Nikola Arsić, Nebojsa Mirković. Milka Sokolović and Milena Stevanović
Localisation of control elements responsible for SOX3 gene activation by retinoic acid
Spasić M., Glišin V., Ljubijankić G.
Molecular-genetic analysis of temperature-dependent posttranslational maturation of E. coli pac
Irena Spasojević, Nataša Miladinov i Ljubiša Topisirović
Slavica Stanojčić, Maja Vujić, Nikola Arsić, Tamara Rajić i Milena Stevanović
Preliminary characterisation of the three novel human SOX genes
Slavica Stanojčić, Jelena Đurović, Nikola Arsić, Nebojsa Mirković, Vesna Verbić, Milena Stevanović
Genotyping the bovine traits of economic interest
Ivana Strahinić, Milan Kojić i Ljubiša Topisirović
Analiza konjugacionih svojstava plazmida Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biov. diacetylactis S50
Tomislav Terzin, Milka Sokolović, Ana Basić i Milena Stevanović
Cloning of mole rats Sox2 gene using PCR method
Đorđe Fira i Ljubiša Topisirović
Biochemical and genetic characterization of staphylococcal extracellular proteinases
Ševo M., Glišin V. i Ljubijankić G.
Mechanism of posttranslational processing of the heterodimeric PAC
Paja Šijačić, Jelena Brkljačić, Svetlana Radović, Vesna Maksimović
The isolation of genomic clone containing the gene for a subunit of buckwheat seed storage protein
Sekcija 2. Population and Evolution Genetics
Svetlana Fišter
Boro P. Pavlović
Goran Živanović i Marko Anđelković
Genetic loads and coadaptivity of chromosomal inversion polymorphism in a Drosophila subobscura
Jelena Blagojević i Mladen Vujošević
S. Bojović, Ph. Heizmann, M. Barbero
Fraxinus ornus L., Sexual polymorphisme and RAPD markers
Ljiljana Vapa, Dragana Obreht, Milan Vapa*, Deana Demjen
Intra-and inter-population variability in hare (Lepus europaeus PALLAS)
Dimitrijević Miodrag, Knežević Desimir, Petrović Sofija
Gliadin allelic variation and diversity of agronomic properties in wheat
Đorđević Radiša, Zdravković Milan, Zečević Bogoljub, Sretenović-Rajačić Tatjana
"Afila" gene effects on absolute seed mass in peas (Pisum sativum L.)
Jelena Živanov-Čurlis, Stevo Najman, Estera Mrčarica
Influence of antioxidants on fertility and fecundity of D. melanogaster
Gordan Zec, Radmila Todorović, Petar Mišić, Slavica Čolić
Mirjana Ivančević, Tatjana Sretenović-Rajičić, Nenad Pavlović, Jasmina Zdravković
Janković Dragan, Janković Slađana
Atypical phenomena in walnut organogenesis
Slađana Janković
Growth habit forms in P. communis L. population in the Ibar - Kolasin region
Krajinčanić, B., Krajinčanić-Suzović V., Cukić R., Ninković D.
Population genetics investigations of PTC tasting sensibility from some localities in Serbia
Krajinčanić-Suzović V., Krajinčanić B., Čukić R., Gašić-Marušić R.
Frequency of hand clasping from some localities in Serbia
Milankov V., Vujić A., Simić S., Ludoški J.
Genetic differentiation in populations of Merodon avidus (ROSSI, 179) (Diptera: Syrphidae)
Milankov V., Vujić A., Simić S.
Olivera Milošević, Dragoslav Marinković, Slobodan Arsenijević
Stevo Najman, Jelena Živanov-Čurlis, Estera Mrčarica
Influence of antioxidants on preadult developmental duration of D. melanogaster
Dragana Obreht, Saša Orlović, Joška Erdesi, Ljiljana Vapa
Allozyme variability in Quercus robur L. and identification possibility within the population
Boro P. Pavlović i Nevenka Pavlović
Petrović Sofija, Dimitrijević Miodrag, Mladenov Novica i Kraljević-Balalić Marija
Ecological stability of yield components in wheat
Vuk Savković, Marko Anđelković
Monitoring of temporal variability of chromosomal arangements in Drosophila subobscura
Tatjana Sretenović Rajičić, Mirjana Ivančević, Jasmina Zdravković, R. Đorđević, M. Damjanović
Reactivity of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) on paraquat in vitro
Z. Stanimirović, Jevrosima Stevanović, D. Pejović, D. Popesković
Biodiversity of the honeybee Apis mellifera, Linne (1758) - cytogenetic aspects
Z. Stanimirović, B. Soldatović, Jevrosima Stevanović
Milica Strnać, Zvonko Magić, Cedomir Radojičić i Dragoslav Marinković
IvanaTomišić, Marina Stamenković-Radak, Tatjana Terzić i Marko Anđelković
Sekcija 3. Mutagenesis and genotoxicology
Gordana Joksić, Miroslava Stanković
Micronucleus assay in to human biomonitoring
Miroslava Veličković, Jelena Blagojević i Mladen Vujošević
The effects of disturbed environment on natural populations of rodents
Branka Vuković-Gačić, Tatjana Stević, Jelena Knežević-Vukčević, Dragana Mitić, Dejan Brkić, Jelena Blagojević, Marko Anđelković, Draga Simić
Comparative study of antigenotoxic effect of sage in prokaryotic and eukaryotic test-systems
Olivera Milošević, Darko Grujičić, Dragoslav Marinković, Slobodan Arsenijević, Smilja Banković, Aleksandar Živanović, Aleksandra Dimitrijević
Ninoslav Đelić, Bogosav Soldatović, Marko Anđelković
Evaluation of genotoxic and mitogenic effects in cultures of human lymphocytes treated with insulin
Ninoslav Đelić, Bogosav Soldatović, Dijana Đelić
Influence of cloprostenol on cell cycle kinetics in cultured human lymphocytes
Biljana Burić, Z. Stanimirović, Biljana Marković
Investigation of genotoxic effects of CARISOLV™ gel
Gordana Joksić, Miroslava Stanković
Chromosome aberrations monitored in radiation workers
Dubravka Jovičić, Snežana Milačić, Radomir Kovačević, Mitar Novaković
Analysis of chromosomal status of subjects occupationally exposed to radionuclides
Jelena Knežević-Vukčević, Tatjana Stević, Dragana Mitić, Branka Vuković-Gačić, Draga Simić
Molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis inhibition by ethereal oil of sage (Salvia officinalis L.)
Biljana Marković, Z. Stanimirović, Jevrosima Stevanović, N. Jovanović
Comparative analysis of genotoxic effects of Gastrogala 10, Tiamulina S i Carbadoxa in vitro
Dragana Mitić, Tanja Berić, Branka Vuković-Gačić, Jelena Knežević-Vukčević, Ratko M. Jankov, Draga Simić
Antimutagenic potential of rosmanol-9-ethyl ether, osaine and pomiferine
Danica Mićanović, Penny Hirsch, Philip Curnow, Vera Raičević i Desimir Knežević
Colonisation of wheat by Pseudomonas and marker genes
D. Pejović, Z. Stanimirović, B. Soldatović
Analysis of genotoxic and mutagenic effect of Apitol®
Z. Stanimirović, Jevrosima Stevanović, M. Kulić, D. Pejović
Investigations of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Levamisole® in vivo
Jevrosima Stevanović, Z. Stanimirović, D. Pejović
Cytogenetic effect of Fumagillin-et® on human lymphocytes in vitro
Sekcija 4. Breeding of organisms
Gordana Radović, Dražen Jelovac, Jasmina Muminović
Breeding potential of early maturity local maize populations
Z. Tomić, Lugić Z., Sokolović D.
Genetic potential of seed germination in forage crops cultivars in the fifth year of their life
Branislav Dozet, Dragan Škorić, Radovan Marinković
Aleksandar Tucović, Vasilije Isajev i Milan Mataruga
Sasa Orlović, Joška Erdeši, Srbislav Radivojević, Zoran Obućina, Gojko Janjatović
Strategy and previous results of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) breeding in Yugoslavia
M. Mitrović, M. Nikolić, D. Ogašanović, Z. Tešović
Selection of domestic walnut (Juglans regia L.) from natural population
Nenad Brkić, Živorad Gajić, Milovan Pušić
V. Bogdanović, Brkić. N.
Influence of systematic environmental factors on genetic indexes and rank of potencial sires
Avramov, L., Milutinović, M., Jović, S., Žunić, D., Maletić Radojka, Vujović, D.
Uvological and technological investigation of clone population in cultivar Kaberne Fran
Jovanka Atlagić
Jan Boćanski i Zoran Petrović
Jelena Bošković, Bošković M., Pešić V.
Gene-for -gene modeling for wheat hybrids resistant to Puccinia recondita tritici
Mirjana Vasić, Jelica Gvozdanović Varga. Janko Červenski
Dragana Vasić, Dragan Škorić, Gilbert Alibert
RAPD Analysis of products of fusion between cultivated sunflower Helianthus maximiliani (Schrader)
Sanja Vasiljević, Gordana Šurlan- Momirović, S. Katić, V. Mihailović, D. Lukić, T. Živanović
Mirjana Vulić
Effect of systematic factors of the environment on the variability of milk production
Jelica Gvozdanović-Varga, Mirjana Vasić
Divergence of genotipes for dry matter yield in garlic
Branislava Grbović, Vasilije Isajev
Guzina V., Orlović S., Kovačević B.
Poplar selection for superior growth
Jelena Damjanović, Maja Vračarević, Bogoljub Zečević i Slaven Prodanović
Identification of donor lines for improving fruit yield of K35 x K12 eggplant hybrid
Gordana Demić, Snežana Mladenović Drinić i Kosana Konstantinov
Protein marker polymorphism in set of maize inbred lines
Dragan J. Bukić, Dane Lukić
Alfalfa: from populations to varieties
Slađana Žilić, Irina Božović, V. Bekrić i Snežana Mladenović Drinić
Changes on proteins in different soybean varieties under effects of increased temperature
Žunić P., Bešlić Z.
Zdravković M., Čorokalo D., Đorđević R. i J. Zdravković
Jasmina Zdravković, Marković Z., Zdravković M., Mirjana Mijatović
Inheritance mode of fruit shape in tomato
Bogoljub Zečević, Dušan Stevanović, Slaven Prodanović i Radiša Đorđević
Veselinka Zečević, D. Knežević, Danica Mićanović
Variability and components of variance for plant height in different wheat cultfvars
Vasilije Isajev, Predrag Jović
Vasilije Isajev, Vera Lavadinović
I. Jevtić, Z. Stanimirović, B. Soldatović
Zoran Jerković, Radivoje Jevtić
Genetic analysis of parents in wheat breeding to obligate parasites resistance
Jestrović Zorica, Kondić Ankica, Šešek S., Denčić, S., Pavlović, M.
Callus induction from mature embryos in species of the genus Triticum L.
Joksimović J., Atlagić J., Škorić. D.
Effect of genes and combining ability for kernel yield in some sunflower inbred lines
B. Kerečki, M. Ivanović i Violeta Anđelković
Genetic control of maize grain dry-down during maturation
Kraljević-Balalić Marija
Gene effects for physiological parameters in wheat
Bojana Klašnja, Špiro Kopitović, Saša Orlović, Zoran Galić
Desimir Knežević
Level of genetic determination of small grains and future prospect
Desimir Knežević, Veselinka Zečević, Milanko Pavlović, Danica Mićanović, Miroslav Kuburović, Slaven Prodanović
Genetic determination of technological quality of wheat
Kondić Ankica i S. Šesek
Differences between homozygous and heterozygous wheat genotypes regarding their androgenic response
Borislav Kobiljski, Srbislav Denčić, Marija Kraljević-Balalić i Rončević Petar
Inheritance of kernel number per spike in crossing wheat genotypes differing in Rht genes
Branislav Kovačević
Evaluation of discrimination ability for morphometric leaf parameters of eastern cottonwood
Miroslav Kuburović, Milanko Pavlović, Milivoje Milovanović, Veselinka Zečević
Characteristics of perspective lines of winter wheat of center for small grains in Kragujevac
Lukić D., Marija Kraljević-Balalić
Breeding alfalfa genotypes for increased seed yield
Milomirka Madić, Miroslav Kuburović i Aleksandar Paunović
Genetic analysis of the grain mass per plant in barley hybrids
Dragoljub Maksimović, Dušan Urošević, Aleksandar Paunović
Study of some characteristics of barley varieties en F1 generation
Ana Marjanović-Jeromela, Radovan Marinković
Heritability of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) yield components
Marković Z., Zdravković Jasmina, Damjanović M.
Local populations and semi-wild tomato forms as a source of genetic divergence
Milan Mataruga, Vasilije Isajev, Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić
Mezei S., Čačić N., Nagl N., Kovačev L. i Sklenar P.
Possible use of micropropagation of dormant buds from root head of sugar beet in recurent selection
Rade Miletić1, Radoljub Petrović1, Milisav Mitrović
Rade Miletić
Fenological regularities in walnut trees population in region of Timočke krajine
Gordana Milojević, Snežana Mladenović Drinić, Goran Drinić i Kosana Konstantinov
The cluster analysis of maize inbred lines on the basis of polymorphism of proteins marker
Milivoje S., Milovanović, VladanPešić
Inheritance of grain number per spike in hexaploid tritikalea
Momčilo Milutinović, Dragan Nikolić, Milica Fotrić i Vera Rakonjac
Ratio of pollen functional ability and fruit set degree in grapevine (Vitis sp.)
Milutinović M.M., Milutinović D.M.
Coefficent of fruitfulness of apple varieties and hybrids
Milutinović. M., Žunić. P., Simić V.
Inheritance of berry skin color in seedlings of F1 generation of interspecies hybrids in grapevine
M. Mitrović, S. Milenković
Novica Mladenov, Novo Pržulj, Nikola Hristov, Veselinka Đurić
Phenotypic and genetic relationships between wheat quality
Jasmina Muminović, Dražen Jelovac, Gordana Radović
Živka Bukić, Siniša Milutinović, Danica Mladenović
The possibility of using pepper populations in the aim of further breeding
Aleksandra Nastasić, M. Stojaković, G. Bekavac, Z. Petrović, N. Vasić
Influence from S1 recurrent selection in maize synthetic NSB
Biljana Nikolić,Vasilije Isajev
Group and individual pollen variability of some 5-needle pines in function of improvement
Dragan Nikolić
Saša Orlović, Borivoj Krstić, Bojana Klašnja
Genetic and phenotypic correlation of physiological and growth parameters of poplar clones
Saša Orlović, Zagorka Petrov, Zoran Galić, Leopold Poljaković Pajnik
Mirjana Ocokoljić, Vasilije Isajev, Nada Kovačević
Boro P. Pavlović
The framework of variants of haploid chromosome complement producing a finite number of pure lines
Pavlović Nenad, Sušić Zoran, Zdravković Jasmina, Marković Živoslav, Stevanović Dušan
Variability and heritability of onion bulbs diameter
Sofija Pekić, Vesna Lazić-Jančić, Violeta Anđelković, M Ivanović, Zora Dajić, Evonne Waterman, H Rahman, A Steed i SA Quarrie
Sofija Pekić, Lora Ljubojević, Violeta Anđelković, M Ivanović, Vesna Lazić-Jančić, A. Steed i SA Quarrie
The role of ABA in drought resistance: physiological and genetical analysis in maize
Petrović, Z., J.Bocanski, Nastasić. Aleksandra, G. Bekavac, N. Vasić
Combining abilities and mode of inheritance of yield and 100-grain mass in maize (Zea mays L.)
Novo Pržulj, Novica Mladenov, Miroslav Bogdanović
Estimates of genetic effects of productive tillering in spring wheat
S. Prodanović, G. Šurlan-Momirović. D. Perović, I. Stančić, Z. Nikolić i Z. Veselinović
S. Prodanović, G. Šurlan-Momirović, B. Jovanović i M. Menkovska
Vera Rakonjac
Genetic and phenotypic correlation and path analysis in peach
Petar Rončević, Nikola Hristov i Marija Kraljević-Balalić
Effect of PEMF on grain number and grain mass per spike in spring wheat
Pavle Sklenar, Lazar Kovačev, Nikola Cačić, Snežana Mezei i Nevena Nagl
Correlations and path-coefficients analysis in sugar beets root traits
Mirjana Srebrić
Stanković G., Trifunović B.V., Trifunović V.
Accumulation of favourable alleles in two synthetic populations of maize (Zea mays L.)
Sikora V.
Heterosis for agronomic traits of broomcorn
Sušić Zoran, Zdravković Jasmina, Pavlović Nenad, Prodanović Slaven
Žarko V. Tešović, Slađana A. Nidžović, Milan M. Lukić
Žarko V. Tešović, Sladana A. Nidžović, Milan M. Lukić
Biological properties of promising apple selections
Žarko V. Tešović, Sladana A. Nidžović, Milan M. Lukić
Breeding dwarfing apple genotypes
Zorica Tomić, Sokolović, D. i Gordana Šurlan-Momirović
Inbreeding depression of productive traits in three species of the genus Agrostis L.
Zorica Tomić i Sokolović D.
Regeneration of perennial grasses seeds from the collection of the plant gene bank
Mihailo Tošić
Trifunović B.V., Trifunović V., Stanković G.
Genetic potential of yield of new ZP maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid combinations
Trivunović Snežana, Teodorović M., Petrović Milica
Genetic parameters of the fattening and reproductive traits of swedish landrace
Aleksandar Tucović, Vasilije Isajev i Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić
Genetic -ecological bases of Ailanthus (Ailanthus altissima Swingle) adaptation in Serbia
Aleksandar Tucović, Vasilije Isajev i Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić
Flowering of Acer saccharinum L. occurrence, frequency of polygamy and sex mosaics
Aleksandar Tucović, Vasilije Isajev i Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić
Neoteny types in trees and shrubs and their inportace
Gordana Ćurčić, Vasilije Isajev, Mihailo Tošić
Balkan Maple generative seed orchard i near Ivanjica - pilot plot for Balkan Maple breeding
Biljana Urošević, Jasmina Radović, Zorica Tomić
Filipović M., Drinić Mladenović S., Milojević G. i Konstantinov K.
Application of protein markers in "Genetic Purity" testing of maize genome
Nikola Hristov, Novica Mladenov, Marija Kraljević-Balalić
Genetic diversity of stem traits in winter wheat
Cvikić Deian, Jasmina Zdravković, Gordana Šurlan Momirović, Sušić Zoran, Đorđević Radiša
Inheritance mode and phenotypic variability for fruit firmness in nor and rin tomato genotypes
Nikola Čačić, Lazar Kovačev, Snežana Mezei, Pave Sklenar i Nevena Nagl
Šesek S. i Ankica Kondić
Testing wheat genotypes for herbicide tolerance by in vitro culture
Lević Jelena i Tijana Petrović
Occurrence of the race R1 Exserohilum turcicum (pass.) Leonard & Sugss pathogenic to maize
Saratlić G., Rošulj M. i K. Konstantinov
Nenad Delić
Sekcija 5. Human Genetics
Koviljka Krtolica, Milica Radojković, D. Marinković, L. Ristić i Biljana Todorić
O. Miljanović, M. Kaluđerović
Chromosome abnormalities in children with mental retardation associated with dyismorphia
Gordana Anđelić, Zvonko Magić, Ljiljana Martac, Ilija Tomić, Vladislav Stepić i Vladimir Mrđa
Vesna Verbić, Danica Grujić, Milena Stevanović
Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) in clinical and fundamental investigations
Slobodanka Vukosavić, Serge Przedborski
Role of synuclein in neurophatology of Parkinson’s disease
M. Guć-Šćekić, D.Radivojević, M. Đurišić, N. Arsić, M. Stevanović, D. Zdravković, K. Sedlečki, M.Banićević
Cytogenetic and molecular studies in sexual differentiation disorders
Slobodanka Grković, Vesna Ivanović Deretić
Cat Eye syndrome - case report
N. Dedović, J. Milašin, O. Josipović, M. Vukadinović i B. Dimitrijević
Molecular genetic analysis of premalignant and malignant lesions of oral cavity
Jasmina Đurković
Acanthosis nigricans - Review of a case
Ninoslav Djelić
Mitotic and proliferation indices of human lymphocytes treated with oxytocin in vitro
V. Đorđević, M. Pantić, M. Đurović, A. Novak
Turner's syndrome with de novo balanced translocation t(l;9) and ring (X) chromosome
V. Đorđević. M. Pantić, A. Novak, N. Suvajdžić, M. Čolović
M. Djurišić, M.Guć-Šćekić, T. Lalić, D. Radivojević, D. Zamurović, M. Đurić, S. Todorović
Genotype-phenotype correlation in two DMD/BMD patients with large deletions in dystrophin gene
Zarovni Nataša, Georgijević Dubravka, Radojković Dragica
Allele distribution of two VNTR and two STR loci in population of Serbia
Zamurović N., Čuljković B., Stojković, O., Major T., Keckarević D., Savić D. i Romac S.
PCR diagnostics of Charcot Marrie tooth
Ilić Vesna, Cikota Bojana, Vojvodić Danilo, Malešević Milomir, Stamatović Dragana, Magić Zvonko
Mutations in the K-ras AND p53 genes in twins before and after bone marrow transplantation
J. Jovanović, M Guć-Šćekić, M. Kuzmanović, G. Bunjevački
Cytogenetic studies of MDS in childhood
A. Krstić, F. Popić - Paljić, J. Jovanović - Privrodski, M. Obrenović, R. Aleksić, M. Kolarski, I. Kavečan. T. Redžek - Mudrinić, J. Popadić, M. Nikolić, R. Madžar, Lj. Gaćina, V. Čihi, C. Laketa, P. Kruščić, J. Rudež, T. Tarašenko, M. Grubješić
Prenatal diagnosis and health promotion
Aleksandar Krstić, Đorđe Mačvanin, Feodora Popić, Jadranka Jovanović, Ružica Aleksić, Milan Obrenović, Ivana Kavečan, Tatjana Redžek-Mudrinić, Jelena Popadić, Marko Nikolić, Milka Mitrović, Spomenka Mijić
Langdon down syndrome in Vojvodina - Epidemiology, Dermatoglyphics and New Treatments
Kečkarević P., Čuljković B., Stojković O., Vukosavić S., Savić D., Zamurović N., Major, T., Romac S.
Spinal muscular atrophy- Possibilities for prenatal diagnostics
T. Kuveljić, J. Nikoliš, Novaković, V. Bunjevački, Lj. Luković, J. Milašin, M. Krajinović, S. Radmanović, S. Branković
The role of chromosomal polymorphism in sex chromosomes meiotic nondisjunction
D. Luković, I. Novaković, J. Milašin, Lj. Luković, T. Kuveljić, V. Bunjevački, M. Krajinović i N. Ostojić
Loss of heterozygosity on chromosomes 3p and 6p in cervical carcinomas
Zvonko Magić, Bojana Cikota, Vesna Ilić, Gordana Anđelić
P53 mutations in breast cancer patients
Major T., Culiković B., Stojković O., Zamurović N., Kečkarević D., Savić D. i Romac S.
Fragile X syndrome: Molecular diagnostics
Danko Obradović, Aleksandar Krstić, Jasmina Rudež, Milan Obrenović, Ivana Kavecan, Jelena Popadić
Sex determination of human fetus by amplification of DNA molecules from amniocytes
M. Pantić, A. Novak, V. Đorđević, D. Marisavljević, N. Suvajdžić, G. Janković, *M. Stevanović, M. Čolović
Cytogenetics and fluorescence in situ hibridization in diagnosis of myelodisplastic syndromes
Sonja Pavlović, Milan Joksimović, Milica Cvorkov-Dražić, Gordana Bunjevački, Dragana Janić i Zvezdana Popović
Molecular diagnosis of inherited hemoglobinopathy – Hb lepore
Branka Popović, Jelena Milašin, Miroslava Mičić, Vitomir Konstatinović
LOH in the regions 3p21,9p21,6q21-23,17p13 AND 13q14 in squamous cell carcinomas of the lip
D. Radivojević, M. Guć-Šćekić, M. Đurišić, T. Lalić, J. Savić, P. Minić, A. Cvetković, E. Kanavakis, M.Tzetis, T. Antoniadi
Genotype/phenotype correlation (as to the pancreatic status) of Yugoslavian cf patients
Rakićević Ljiljana, Georgijević Dubravka, Janković Gordana, Miković Danijela, Radojković Dragica
Prenatal diagnostics of hemophilia a by intragenic RFLP analysis
Savić P., Čuljković B., Stojković O., Major T., Zamurović N., Kečkarević D. i Romac S.
Molecular genetics and diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy
Biljana Spremo-Potparević, Vesna Verbić, Milena Stevanović i Milan Joksimović
Biljana Todorić, Z. Magić, L. Ristić. M. Malešević i K. Krtolica
Detection of Philadelphia chromosome negative chronic myeloid leukemia by RT-PCR method
Geza Cekuš
Dyschromatopsia rate among the population of northern Backa (Voivodina)
Geza Cekuš
The ability of perceiving the smell of acetone
Bojana Cikota, Rajna Stamenov, Slavko Berger, Danilo Vojvodić, Milomir Malešević, Zvonko Magić
K-ras AND H-ras point mutations in patients with large cell lymphomas and chronic lymphadenitis
Čuljković B., Stojković, P., Vukosavić. S. i Romac S.
Human identification and patternity testing
Jan Kišgeci, Janoš Berenji
Transgenic plants - pro et contra
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETICS AT THIRD MILENIUM BEGINNING
Kosana Konstantinov
Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", 11081 Zemun-Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Second Congress of Serbian Geneticists is going on at the end of 20th Century, culminating the tremendous development of our science in this century. Historically, First International Conference on this subject was held during January 1899 in London, England and Second during September 1902 in New York City. Both meetings have been named as "International Conference on Plant hybridisation". During Third Conference, held in London during 1906. Title was slightly modified to "International Conference on Hybridisation and Plant Breeding". During this meeting the term "Genetics" has been suggested for this new field of scientific inquiry. After development of all fields of science, including genetics, a serious question has been raised whether human species can sustain itself on earth. The answer is affirmative. Mankind not only can survive but also aspire to live at high quality. In order to achieve this goal, co-operation among scientific workers in all fields have to be established and geneticists can play a significant role in three basic fields:
1. Agriculture based on gene structure and function understanding;
2. Medicine based on gene structure and function understanding and
3. Environmental protection based on gene structure and function understanding.
If estimation for human population for the first half of 21.century' are about 8.9 billion the first consequence will be increase in the demand for food. By shortage in water supply desert encroachment and diminution of arable acreage could be expected. Several fundamental tasks geneticists must be involved: establishment of germplasm banks. Release of captured genetic potential and Development of new breeding technologies. In the field of human genetics, through co-operation among geneticists, physicians and pharmacologists the main contribution the understanding and treatment of single- and multiple-gene based diseases: understanding of gene role in cancer development, ageing and life expectance and introduction of routine application of gene therapy in disease treatment, particularly in the nervous system development and function.
As we have only one earth to live on, existing research should be intensified in the field of genetics covering problem of the soil, atmosphere and water contamination. With the rapid development of industry' and public transportation, damages to the environment have caused direct and serious threat to human health. Among many of important tasks in the field of the environmental protection, selection of already existing fungal strains, as well as through mutation induction of new strains, which can digest and utilise pollutants for their own use is promising. Also the selection of microorganisms for biological degradation of pollutants in water and soil. Particular task is development of highly sensitive genetic methods for testing the presence and estimating the amount of mutagens/carcinogenes in the environment.
In the coming century it could be predicted that only through the study of the genome the life phenomena themselves can be understood.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
MOLECULAR GENETICS OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA IS A BASIS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN DAIRY BIOTECHNOLOGY
Lj. Topisirović. M. Kojić, Dj. Fira, N. Miladinov, I. Strahinić, O. Gajić, S. Arsenijević i I. Spasojević
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, V. Stepe 444a, P.O.Box 794,
11001 Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been essential in food and feed fermentation for centuries. They have very broad application in food industry and agriculture. They have also a great influence on nutritional attributes of the products such as flavour, texture and others. In addition, some of them are commensal colonisers of the mammalian gastro-intestinal tract including humans, where Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus renteri are commonly found. Some strains of LAB are probiotics, since it is believed that they have effect on human and animal health. Health benefits attributed to LAB are following: (a) control and treatment of infections in the intestine caused by enteric pathogens or infections in the urogenital tract; (b) reduction of incidence of tumour/cancer in colon or reduction of the level of serum cholesterol as well as cardiac heart disease and (c) stimulation of immune system and bowel movement. Bearing in mind these probiotic effects of LAB, an increasing interest exists for dairy products containing specific bacterial species with potential health-improving properties. These products are named "functional food".
Studying the genetic potentials of LAB isolated from the traditionally homemade fermented products produced in different geographical regions is extremely interesting. A collection of natural isolates (about 600 isolates) was made. This collection contains LAB isolated from different traditionally prepared fermented products throughout Yugoslavia. Numerous isolates were tested for the production of proteinases, exopolysaccharides, and bacteriocins. Most of those showing interesting characteristics from scientific and commercial point of view were analysed at molecular level. Among tested LAB, isolates were characterised that produces new type of proteinases or bacteriocins. In addition, such LAB could be a source of exopolysaccharides or aromogenic compounds having high commercial value. Dairy products acquire their unique characteristics from differences in the composition of starter cultures. However, genes encoding production of these components are very often located on the genetically less stabile elements, plasmids. Therefore, studying the molecular genetics of LAB especially by using genetic engineering will facilitate the construction of more stabile starter cultures. Starter cultures could be constructed by combination of genetically characterised natural isolates. On the other hand, selection of natural isolates with probiotic capacities opens a possibility to construct the starter cultures for functional food production. Taking altogether, construction of improved, reliable starter culture is a main task for molecular biotechnologists in the future.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN PLANT BREEDING
Drinić Mladenović Snežana, Jelovac Dražen i Konstantinov Kosana
Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", 11081 Zemun-Belgrade, Yugoslavia
In the past two decade, development of molecular genetics including molecular technology for gene transfer from heterelogous organisms into plants brought a new dimension of plant breeding. Molecular markers as universally methods for all biological systems virtually effect on success of directly examination of structure and function as well as determination of genetic polymorphism of plant genomes. The potential applications of molecular markers in plant breeding are: analysis of molecular basis of evolution; germ plasm identification, classification and management; assessing genetic diversity; identification of genes underlying agronomy important traits as yield, resistance to stress and disease and heterosis as well. High density genetic linkage maps for a number of plant species as a basis for marker assisted selection of agronomically useful traits and isolation of these genes have been established. New class of molecular markers known as "gene chips", uses microarrays of molecules immobilized on solid surfaces have recently been developed. With "gene chips" DNA belonging to thousand of genes can be arranged in small matrices (chips) and hybridized with labeled cDNA. The first biological application of DNA chip technology are analysis of gene expression and it should help to better understanding of fundamental mechanisms of plant growth and development, polymorphism detection and rapid analysis of transgenic plants.
Great move in the field of plant biotechnology are possibility to introduce genes from heterelogous systems into plant genomes resulting in plants with altered traits or in another word transgenic plants. The experiment of maize genome transformation by introducing gene coding neomycin phosphotransferaze (NPT II), chloramphenikol 0-acetiltranspheraze (CAT) and part of A. tumefeciens bacterial genome have been started during 1986 at Maize Research Institute. Both gene expression and integration of introduced genes in maize genome was determined. Integration of forcing genes induced different phenotypic changes. Changed genotypes were chosen as model system for further investigations and genes identification controlling concerned traits. Transgenic plants with genes for resistance to insects and pests, tolerance to herbicides or improvement quality are already available on market. First generation of biotechnology experiments enable transfer of single gene but by now days experiments transfer of few genes together and using plants as bioreactors are possible.
Important factor in the success of the genetic improvement of crops was development of faster and more reliable methods, which allowed easier analysis of date as well as rapid information exchange. The application of information technology and development of statistical techniques to analyze genomic information is know as "bioinformatics". By integrating genetics with informatics investigations of whole genomes aims to elucidate the structure, function and evolution of plant genomes are faster. Together these technologies as integral part of classical breeding programs contributing significantly to shorting of plant breeding process.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
MODULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION BYANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES
Selma Kanazir, Sabera Ruždijić, Ljubisav Rakić
Institut za biloška istraživanja "S.Stanković", 29. Novembar 142. Beograd
Antisense-oligonucleotides (ASON) are synthetic, single stranded DNA or RNA segments, 15-25 nucleotides in length. Their sequence is designed to be identical to antisense DNA strand and to block the expression of specific gene by binding to its DNA or RNA in a sequence-specific manner. They exist in several forms. Antigene, oligonucleotides • mat bind to DNA and inhibit transcription through formation of triplex DNA. Ribozymes, catalytic antisens RNA molecules. Antisense oligonucleotides that bind to iRNA and block translation. Aptamers. oligonucleotides that specifically interact with proteins. Selected ASON is unique and specific in its capability to inhibit the expression of single targeted gene at any level of its regulation from DNA via RNA to protein. Their ability to modulate gene expression opened a new genetic strategy for the study of physiological and pathophysiological role of a gene by loss of its function. Moreover, the completely new field in developing gene specific therapeutics, antisense therapeutics, has emerged. Since, virtually all diseases are associated with abnormal or inappropriate gene activity, antisense oligonucleotides represent a powerful therapeutic tool especially in cancer and viral infections.
The application of antisense strategy for tlie inhibition of CD44 gene expression will be discussed.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
POPULATIONAL AND EVOLUTIONARY ASPECTS OF B-HROMOSOMES -
A case of yellow-necked mice
Mladen Vujošević i Jelena Blagojević
Department of Genetics, Institute for Biological research "S. Stankovic"
29 novembra 142, 11060 Belgrade, Yugoslavia, e-mail: mladenvii@ibiss.bg.ac.yu
B-chromosomes are supernumerary to the normal chromosomal complement. They differ from the main complement by their unequal distribution in species and irregular behavior during meiosis. According to definition B-chromosomes are not essential for the survival of their carriers. They persist in spite of that and are present in more than two thousand plant and animal species. In spite of numerous investigations a general agreement on the origin, role and mode of persistence of Bs in populations' has not been reached. A number of theories exist of which the parasitic model dominates over others. This model assumes the existence of mechanism that lead to the accumulation of B-chromosomes in gametes and the establishment of a balance between the degree of transmission of B-chromosomes and the elimination of their carriers due to lowered fitness. Opposed to this model is the heterotic model which assumes the existence of adaptive advantages of B-chromosome carriers. In a large number of investigated cases the parasitic model was used to explain the mechanism mat maintain Bs in populations, whereas the heterotic model was supported by a few cases only. In populations of the yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis, B-chromosomes are present in different frequencies that correlate with the altitude and climatological variables. Some populations remain in equilibrium for years with regard to the frequency of specimens with B-chromosomes. Nevertheless, they display seasonal variations. The mechanism of the maintenance of Bs in populations does not fit any of existing models. The effects of Bs are not noticeable at the phenotypic level. Morphometric and analysis of developmental homeostasis has uncovered the consequences of their presence in the genome. In support of this is the discovery of DNA sequences that are only found in sample of species with B-chromosomes.
Recent investigations at the molecular level suggest that B-chromosomes are very useful for studying genome evolution. Therefore ii is of great importance that these investigations are included in complex populational-evolutinary investigations.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
POPULATION GENETIC ASPECT OF STRESS
Marko Anđelković i Marina Stamenković-Radak
Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade
The interaction between individuals of a population and their environment is of great importance for species survival and conservation. If organisms are unable to either adapt to slow environmental changes, or react to rapid ones, such as climate change, pollution, ecological catastrophies of various degree, populations, and even the species, may become extinct. The evolutive strategies of species and genetical changes at the population level differ according to the environmental effect and genetical structure of populations.
Under stress conditions, the genotypes that allow rapid establishing of individual homeostasis of the cell or organism are favored. Although selection represents the slowest mode of the response to stress, it ensures a long term adaptation of the population to stress. Stress can be environmental, caused by external factors, and genomic, caused by another genome. Many population-genetic parameters are affected by stress.
Different approaches to studying the effect of environmental changes on the development homeostasis and genetic variability of the populations, as a response to stress, are illustrated by the examples on Drosophila species. One approach is based on the variability of the trait with a known genetic basis (Amy genotypes, inversion karyotypes). It attempts to correlate a given variability with fitness in modified laboratory environments and various natural habitats.
Another approach is based on the analysis of phenotypic variance, appearing in the response to stress, which determines the type of variability. By applying selection genotypes with extreme phenolypic values can be isolated. The organisms respond to environmental stress at the level of phenotypes by behavioral, physiological, or morphological adaptations, which can appear in the form of stress avoidance or build up of resistance. In addition to the variability associated with response to stress, genetic variability for the plasticity of response can be distinguished too. It is disputable whether the extent of stress is related to the changes in the population at the level of gene pool, or via changes in plasticity'.
Prediction of the ability of a species to evolve in the response to fast environmental changes is a major task of evolutionary biology. The populations of genus Drosophila can be suitable indicators of environmental changes. Factors limiting species distributions and genetic characteristics of populations (marginal and central) represent high priority for future research.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
PLANT ANTIMUTAGENS AND CANCER PREVENTION
Draga Simić, Jelena Knežević-Vukčević
Laboratory for Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade
The possibility to modulate the response of a cell to environmental and endogenous mutagens has opened a new frontier for cancer control. The concept of preventing cancer by delay, i.e. by decreasing the rate of mutation accumulation, promoted the study of plant antimutagens as possible dietary anticancerogens.
According to their mechanisms of action antimutagens are placed in two major categories: desmutagens, which prevent the DNA damage and bioantimutagens. which modulate DNA repair and replication. In recent years a number of plant desmutagens (tannins and other phenolics, mono and diterpenoids, flavonoids, vitamins, etc.) were identified and their mechanisms of action include: inhibition of endogenous formation of mutagen, inhibition of activation of promutagens, antioxidant activity and scavenging of free radicals, blocking of mutagen or competition with, induction of detoxifying enzymes or acceleration of mutagen decomposition. Moreover, many plant desmutagens were found to inhibit tumor promotion and progression. On the oilier hand, only a few plant bioantimutagens are known (cinnamaldehyde, coumann, vanillin, umbelliferone, tannic acid) and they prevent mutations by stimulating the error-free DNA repair. In our laboratory antimutagenic potential of terpenoid fractions of sage (Salvia officinalis L), as well as pure monoterpenoids, has been investigated Prokaryotic and eukaryotic tests applied measure different genetic end-points: reverse mutations, replication fidelity, recombination, induction of mutagenic repair, chromosome aberrations. Detection of bioantimutagens was performed with the new E. coli K.12 assay (Simić et al, 1997). Antimutagenic potential of antioxidants from sage was "creened with E. coli and S. typhimurium tests (Mitić et al.. 1998). The results indicate that multiple mechanisms are involved in mutagenesis inhibition by terpenoids from sage. The protective effect of sage extracts against UV-induced mutations was confirmed in S. cerevisiae D7. Preliminary experiments indicated that dietary exposure to terpenoids from sage suppressed in vivo mytomicine C induced chromosome aberration in mice. Further study will investigate the possibilities of using sage terpenoids as anlicarcinogens.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE USE OF TRANSGENIC ANIMALS IN CARCINOGENICITY TESTING
Roy Forster
Centre International de Toxicology, 27005 Evreux, France
There is much current interest in the use of transgenic approaches in the evaluation of chemical carcinogenicity. This is already reflected in international guidelines for the safety testing of new drugs (from ICH), according to which the results of transgenic assays may be presented in the evaluation of carcinogenicity. An international ring-trial coordinated by 1LS1 (International Life Sciences Institute) is underway for the evaluation of four promising transgenic mouse strains. These are (i) the heterozygous p53+/- knockout mouse which lacks one copy of the p53 gene and shows enhanced sensitivity to genotoxic carcinogens, (ii) the TG.AC strain which bears a transgene containing the rets oncogene and has been found to show an enhanced sensitivity to the induction of dermal papillomas, (iii) the rasH2 strain which carries a transgene containing the human c-ras gene, complete with regulatory sequences of DNA and (iv) the xpa mouse in which the xpa gene is interrupted and excision repair of DNA is not functional. If the evaluative ring-trial produces encouraging results for the reliability and sensitivity of these transgenic bioassays, then they offer attractive advantages. The end-point is tumour production in a whole animal, underlining the relevance of these assays. Furthermore, evaluation of the tumour response takes place when the animals are still relatively young, avoiding the confounding effects of ageing. At present, the testing strategies to be deployed with these strains are not well defined. This presentation will examine the genetic basis of the assay systems, which is relevant to strategies of utilisation.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETICS AND BREEDING OF MAIZE
- ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES -
Drinić Goran i Babić Milosav
Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Zemun -Belgrade
Genetic improvement of plant and animal species endured through millennia, firstly as domestication and then as continuous selection for phenotypes desired by breeders and farmers. The base for scientific breeding programmes was established by discoveries referring to a sex and inheritance in plants and by a re-discovery of Mendelian inheritance principles. Breeding programmes were aimed at the achievement of economic goals. The improvement and advancement in conventional breeding are related to the progress within the following segments:
- Improvement of breeding methods
- Maintenance and broadening of genetic variability
- Development of models of quantitative genetics
Plant breeding is a slow and painstaking process, requiring not only time (backcrosses and numerous tests), but also the aim achievement is sometimes uncertain (incorporation of genes from wild relatives).
Numerous breeding strategies are characterised by common elements such as necessity to obtain the flow of new and diverse germplasm, develop new gene combinations and identification of the best ones to be used in deriving new, improved varieties and hybrids with the same principal goal - the increase of yielding potential, tolerance to economically important diseases and pests, then improvement of quality and tolerance to stress environmental conditions.
Since a genetic base for the majority of economically significant traits is not completely clarified, superior individuals, selected for the development of the succeeding generation (cycle), will be identified by testing the progeny or will be based on individual performances. The empirical results clearly confirmed such an approach. The genetic potential of maize grain yield has been annually increasing by about 100 kg ha-1 during the last 80 years. The similar improvement was achieved in some other economically important plant species (rice, wheat, soybean, cotton, etc.). Although extremely successful in maintenance and improvement of agricultural species, such approach to plant breeding did not provide the complete comprehension of genetic control and manipulation (regulation) of complex genetic phenomena.
Biotechnological studies have been very intensive during the last two decades. However, molecular biologists are chiefly able to study (analyse) simultaneously only several genes, while economically the most important traits (so called quantitative traits) of plant species are controlled by combined action of several genes. Hence, the contribution of molecular genetics to our comprehension of genetic control and phenotypic expression of these traits is far more insignificant than it was initially expected.
In the last decade of the 20th century, the determination of a structure and expression of the genome brought about a mini-revolution within research on the genome. It seems that the combination and imbuement of molecular and quantitative genetics enlighten mechanisms of genetic control, regulating inheritance of quantitative traits, and therefore it is possible to accelerate and improve applied biological research. Furthermore, it became clear that the genomic revolution could not replace activities of a breeder, but more profound comprehension of complex genetic phenomena (Heterosis, epistasis, genotype x environment interaction...) would enable more efficient identification of parents within breeding programmes and development of more efficient breeding strategies. Broadening of our perspective on the field of quantitative and molecular genetic theory is one of the essential prerequisites, and therefore, scientific experts should be qualified within a field of intersection of molecular and quantitative genetics.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ACHIEVEMENTS OF SUNFLOWER BREEDING AT THE END OF THE 20th CENTURY
Dragan Škorić
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
Until 1970, sunflower breeding was characterized by the development of Russian high-oil varietal populations. The discoveries of CMS sources by Leclercq (1969) and Rf genes by several authors marked the beginning of a new era in sunflower breeding - an era characterized by the utilization of heterosis and development of highly productive sunflower hybrids. A large number of productive hybrids have since been developed in our country and a number of breeding centers around the world. This has contributed to a sharp rise in total sunflower acreage worldwide and has also helped increase and stabilize yields at a higher level than before. Using wild species through interspesific hybridization, researchers have found sources of genes for resistance to the following pathogens: Plasmopara helianthi, Puccinia helianthi, Verticillium albo-atrum, Verticilllum dahliae and Orobanche cumana. Yugoslav breeders have made a significant contribution to tliis with their discovery of sources of field resistance to Phomopsis. Also, an enviable level of tolerance has been achieved in the case of several other pathogens (Sclerotinia sclerotionmi, Macrophomina phaseoli, Alternaria helianthi). Sources of high tolerance to stress (drought) have been found as well. As of 1990, new races have been appearing in a number of pathogens. In an attempt to find sources of resistance to these new races, researchers have begun using wild species. The development of hybrids for special purposes has also yielded significant results in the last ten years, during which a large number of high-oleic and confectionery hybrids have been developed. In the past seven to eight years, the major trend in sunflower breeding worldwide has been the introduction of new biotechnology methods (anther cultures, protoplast fusion, molecular markers). Sunflower scientists have also begun working on the incorporation of genes from other species into the cultivated sunflower by transgenic methods.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
EFFICIENCY OF S1, HS AND FS METHODS OF RECURRENT SELECTION IN SYNTHETIC POPULATIONS OF NARROW AND BROAD GENETIC BASE OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
M. Ivanović, Violeta Anđelković
Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, S. Bajica 1, 11080 Belgrade-Zemun
Two maize synthetic populations of narrow and broad genetic base, (B73xMo17)F2 and ZPSin 4, respectively, were used in the present study. F2 generation of the population of narrow genetic base was used as an initial cycle (progeny of two homozygous inbred lines), while the population of broad genetic base was developed by the cross of 120 inbred lines of different origin after four recombinations under random mating conditions.
Three methods of recurrent selection were simultaneously applied to both populations: S, (progenies of the first selfing), FS (full sib progenies) and HS (progenies with an unrelated inbred line F7R - used as a tester for both populations). Each population and each method of selection considered 100 randomly selected progenies planted according to the Nested design with the selection intensity of 10% cycle"1. Selection for grain yield was conducted and in such a way four cycles of selection for each synthetic, i.e. each method of selection was completed.
In order to compare efficiency of presented methods of selection in synthetics of narrow and broad genetic base, results on grain yield of all cycles of selection of synthetics per se, as well as, of progenies of certain cycles, i.e. methods of selection with two unrelated testers F7R (inbred used as a tester in the process of selection) and ZPL39. were used. Field plot experiments were set up according to the RGB design in 1995 (three locations) and 1996 (two locations), separately for the synthetics per se and HS progenies.
Results were processed by the method of the analysis of variance of the RGB design, while selection progress was expressed by the estimates of linear regression coefficients for the appropriate cycles of selection. Obtained results point out that selection progress depended on the synthetic population, as well as on the applied method of selection. The highest estimate of linear regression coefficient for the improvement of the population per se (b=0.609 t ha-1 cycle-1) was obtained for the synthetic of broad genetic base with the application of the HS method of selection. The same method of selection in progenies of the same population with the tester F7R resulted in the highest regression coefficient (b=0.9591 ha-1 cycle-1).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENE POOL CONSERVATION AND TREE BREEDING
V.Isajev, A.Tucović
Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade
Previous study of population characteristics and the effects of natural and artificial selection on the genetic structure of tree populations contribute to the conservation and enhancement of autochthonous species gene pool. The balance model of genetic structure of tree populations reveals their new properties and requires further research, especially of the relations of subpopulations, half-sib families and organisms to variable environmental factors. The interaction of these two systems is of fundamental significance for the exchange of genetic material within natural and cultural communities of trees and shrubs.
The conservation of genetic resources of populations is a part of the complex strategy of tree breeding and it is realized through different forms of conservation: in situ -natural reserves, national parks, seed stands, tree groups and individual trees, and ex situ -arboreta, live archives, seed orchards, provenance tests and progeny tests. Each strategy has its own advantages and disadvantages, both for breeding and for the conservation of biodiversity and genetic resources that makes it possible. The advantages and disadvantages are the result of the classical methods of tree and shrub improvement. They are restricted because: (1) useful properties can be improved only between the related plants, (2) the selection of the best possible combinations of characteristics lasts for a very long time and (3) in crossing, the entire genomes are crossed and not individual genes of the selected trees.
The relationship between gene pool conservation, tree improvement and rational utilization of forests is accomplished through: the balance between in situ conservation of forest genetic sources and sustainable forest management on the one hand and management of protected lands on the other hand. The conservation and management of genetic resources in situ and ex situ and the breeding activities are complementary strategies.
The focus of activities in tree gene pool conservation should be shifted from the physical protection of stands or trees to the conservation of their reproductive function and thus the potential genetic variability should be directed into free genetic variability, available to natural and directed selection.
The increased utilization of the genetic potential in tree breeding should be realized through the following activities: improved production of selected seeds of tree species, which implies the knowledge of genetic structure and variability of seed stands; establishment and management of seed orchards as specialized plantations for multiannual production of genetically good-quality seed of significant tree species, as well as through the application of the concept of new selections, by the models adapted to the requirements of forestry, which include the genetic characteristics of the species, the components of tree yield and the effect of the environment.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
NEW APPROACH IN TOMATO BREEDING (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
Živoslav Marković, Jasmina Zdravković, Mirjana Mijatović
Agricultural Research Institute SERBIA, Centre for Vegetable Crops, Karadordeva 71, 11420 Smed. Palanka
The first tomato variety was breeded before 130 years and now has more man 2000. Foremost was breeded varieties, and after 1930. year F1 hybrids. Now varieties use only in late and processing production. As the genetic variability of tomato is narrow (from the reason of genetic erosion - electropheretic studies of alloenzymes show great similarities between the »European« and primitive cultivars) for amelioration of quality and diseases resistance of modern cultivars breeders use the »exotic« germlasm of wild and sami-wild relatives. Breeder teams make thats in state and private institutions of USA, Canada and France. Others benefit »elite« germplasm of new breeded and improved cultivars, to speed breeding process (many of properies, especially for disease resistance, are controlled by dominant genes). Also, breeders work on amelioration of photoperiodic activity, resistance to drought and high temperature, good emergence on low temperature, metabolism modification by change of concentration of CO2 and oxygen. Great possibilities provide application in breeding of biotechnology (somoclonal variations, fusion of protoplast, gene isolation, cloning and anther culture, use of genetic markers) and genetic engineering. Both are the challenge of new generation of tomato breeders. The first results are gained (tolerance to AMV and TMV incorporated of viral gene from oat. resistance of tomato to total herbicide Roundap by introduction of mutant for EPSP synthesis, resistance to Lepidothere and etc.).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CONTRIBUTION OF GENETICS IN BREEDING OF SMALL GRAINS
Desimir Knežević1, Novo Pržulj2
1ARI SERBIA, Center for Small Grains, Kragujevac
2Research Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
The plant breeding is older than sedentary agriculture is based on the quite well production of non-shattering plants which have been available to these early farmers. The plant breeding began by early farmers to select crop genotypes for sedentary agriculture 10-12 thousand years ago was still in use with few refinements until 100 years when made major discoveries about sex and heredity plants (Wessman De Vries etc). However, in 1901 Menders Low of Heredity have got most importance in plant breeding, as well in the same time for breeding of grains.
The creation of new desirable genotypes began 100 years ago. Since than, plant breeding has been honed and refined in next area activity l)development of techniques and procedures; 2) collection of natural genetic variability and its use-in the present , future evaluation and plant breeding programs: 3) some techniques, such as tissue culture, colchicines treatment, induced mutation which have expanded the breadth of germplasm that the plant breeder could use. The genetics, biochemists and cell biologists in last four decades have been using sophisticated instruments and model organism to learn about the genetic material DNA, and how it functions to expression of phenotypes.
Plant breeding directs towards economic objectives. Genetics is basic to rational plant breeding but the biotechnology involves other sciences such as chemistry, plant pathology and biometry.
Traditional plant breeding involves making numerous crosses from parents, which have been selected for desirable attributes and on visual criteria and measurement of many traits. In some of derived progenies were combined the best traits from the parents. Through numerous cycles of selection, a new cultivar can be developed which carry combination of the best desirable traits from parents. The conventional plant breeding programs are long-term work and effort of breeders who are looking for optimal selection procedures. The complexity of the breeders work lies in the fact that up to 10 or more years may be necessary between the initial cross and the approval of new cultivar. The breeders permanently looking for answer on the few questions example: What resources are required for genetic progress of cereals? Which methods are most efficient in cereals breeding? How to broaden genetic variability? There is competition between breeding companies to reduce time of necessity time of cultivar creation. There are also various limitations to plant improvement through conventional breeding. Besides long term of expectation of new cultivar as a limitation factor in conventional plant breeding limitation factors are also expenses for necessity analyses of large number of plants and many requirements for plant cultivation. But in some cases also, the breeder has limited genetic variation available for its incorporation into new cultivars. The various techniques developed in molecular biology and biotechnology can be used in plant breeding. The technical advanced in recombinant DNA and molecular biology methods have been developed and should have now a major impact on the efficiency and success of conventional breeding. Those methods are contribute to increasing of our knowledge of the inheritance and are providing manipulation of responsible genes which controlled certain biological traits.
In relation to the social demand, the aims of breeding programs are stilt to increase grain yield potential, to increase resistance to diseases and pests and to improve quality and tolerance to environmental stresses.
Crop improvement is slow and tedious process involving operations which not only consume great amount of time, such as backcrossing and testing, but some of which are just very difficult to achieve, for example incorporation of wild genes or inbreeding naturally crops. The numerous of molecular and molecular genetics technologies have a great impact for direction of breeding strategy, at various specific steps assisting the breeder in making achievement to a more manageable level.
There are different breeding strategies which characterized common elements: 1) means of achieving flow of new and diverse germplasm into the program; 2) new gene combinations; 3) identification of best combinations; 4) exploitation for cultivar and hybrids development. Some biotechnical methodologies can be applied at several of those steps: a) somatic hybridization to generate new hybrids; b) direct nuclear substitutions into alien cytoplasm; c) mutation/selection and cell genetics; d) generation of somaclonal variation; e) genotype fingerprinting; 0 germplasm preservation; g) gamete breeding schemes; h) gene isolation, transfer and expression: i)molecular site directed mutagenesis in situ.
Highly specific genetic selection methods would require diagnostic biochemistry techniques involving monoclonal antibodies, molecular probes and sophisticated methods of isozyme, proteins and sequence DNA analysis. The breeders in the future need to become familiar with these methods. The development of biotechnological tools can assist the improvement of plant breeding as well as seed production and genotype protection. Extensive investigation are conducted on: a) a description of molecular markers tagging the genetic control of agronomic traits and their applications for marker assisted selection: b) the identification of the physical structure and DNA composition of chromosomes and their similarity among species and; c) gene transformation methods.
The genetic maps of crop species play important role for cultivar improvements because plant breeders are able to directly manipulate specific genes by exploiting "marker assisting selection". A molecular marker represents a way to hasten the transfer of desirable traits by earning out a selection not directly on the trait, but on the molecular markers tightly linked to it.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE EXPANSION OF TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEATS AS A GENETICAL
CAUSE OF NEUROLOGICAL AND PSYCHIATRIC DISEASE
Romac S.
Faculty of Biology
The expansion of trinucleotide repeats is the cause of 12, so far, detected hereditary neurological diseases. This type of mutations was discovered few years ago which is the first and only type of mutations found exclusively in humans. These mutations are not inherited by Mendel low and the diseases, which they cause, show the phenomenon of anticipation. Anticipation is the phenomenon describing the fact that the disease, in next generation, has an earlier age of onset and more severe clinical manifestation. Genetical basis for anticipation is the expansion of trinucleotide repeats from generation to generation. If there are more triplets in mutated gene the clinical manifestation is more severe and the disease has an earlier onset. So far all the diseases of trinucleotide repeats were/are connected to hereditary neurological diseases (Huntington chorea, Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1-7, Dentatorubral Palidoluysian atrophy, Myotonic dystrophy etc.) Many of psychiatric diseases like schizophrenia, autism, bipollar disorders, also show the phenomenon of anticipation and non-Mendelian type of inheritance, are candidates for the type of trinucleotide repeats diseases.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
APPLICATION OF MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES IN DIAGNOSTICS OF CHROMOSOMAL DISORDERS
Milena Stevanović1 i Marija Guc-Šćekić2
1 Institute of
Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade
2 Mother and Child Health Care Institute, New Belgrade
Chromosomal disorders are consequence of structural and numerical chromosome aberrations. Approximately 20% of all conceptions (embryos) have chromosomal aberration, but most of them are spontaneously aborted and frequency of chromosomes aberrations at birth is 0.6%. Not all chromosomal rearrangements are associated with phenotypic expression. It has been generally accepted that autosomal aberrations result in delay in psyhornotoral development, while sex chromosome aberrations are associated with irregular sexual differentiation and sex determination. Therefore, precise and reliable prenatal and postnatal diagnostics of chromosomal aberrations is of great importance for planning and obtaining health individuals.
In seventies, cytogenetic was revolutionized by introducing chromosome banding techniques, such as G, Q and R banding. Banding techniques, for the first time, allowed accurate differentiation of chromosomes. Chromosome banding permits more accurate diagnostics of chromosome aberrations, but this technique also have some limitations including inability to detect microchromosome rearrangements and rare mosaic karyotypes and to identify marker chromosomes. In the last few years, the fast progress has been made in more accurate diagnostics of chromosome aberration by application of new molecular techniques. FISH (Fluorescent in situ hybridization) is new highly sensitive technique, that enables visual identification of chromosomes or part of chromosomes fixed on slides. FISH has been used, as an addition to routine cytogenetic analysis, to achieve a higher sensitivity and specificity. Application of new molecular techniques such as FISH, PRTNS, PCR, RT-PCR, RFLP, LOH (lost of heterozygosity) became unavoidable in making accurate diagnosis. Therefore, fast, precise, accurate and reliable diagnosis of chromosome aberrations is possible only by combination of cytogenetics and molecular techniques.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
HETERODIMERIC PENICILLIN G AMIDASES - MOLECULAR MECHANIZAM OF POSTTRANSLATIONAL MATURATION OF INACTIVE PRECURSOR AND ITS BIOTECHNOLOGICAL IMPICATION
Goran Ljubijankić
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering Vojvode Stepe 444a, PO Box 794, 11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia
The enzyme penicillin G amidase (penicillin G acylase, EC 3.5.1.11, PGA) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the acyl group of penicillin, yielding 6-aminopenicillanic acid, a key intermediate in the production of semisynthetic beta-lactam antibiotics. The main industrial source of the enzyme is Escherichia coli and that was a reason for intensive studies of this protein as well as the gene encoding it (pac). It appeared that E. coli pac gene has a specific structure which causes a synthesis of PGA as a single, biochemically inactive, polypeptide precursor. Its maturation occurs by removal of single peptide at the inner membrane, processing of the spacer peptide in the periplasm followed by formation of a biochemically active PGA composed of two different subunits (α approx. 23 kDa, and β approx. 65 kDa). The free (3 subunit carries N-tenninal serin which is a single amino-acid catalytic site. It was shown that a complex posttranslational maturation of PGA precursor was the limiting factor for a recombinant PGA overproduction in E. coli. Therefore, a investigation of the maturation process is not interesting only from a fundamental point of view, but also for industrial production of the enzyme. The following topics of our research will be discussed: the limited E. coli pac overexpression in yeast (a): the maturation as temperature-dependent process (b); characterization of a domain of precursor involved in this regulation (c); the proteolitical processing as an autocatalitic intermolecular mechanism (d).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE prt GENES REGULATORY REGION IN NATURAL ISOLATE Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis BGIS29
Nataša Miladinov, Irena Spasojević i Ljubiša Topisirović
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, V. Stepe 444a, P.O.Box 794, 11001 Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Soj Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis BGIS29 is a natural isolate from home-made cheese. The isolate BGIS29 produces the PI-type proteinase. Regulatory domain of the prt genes was sequenced. The prtP and prtM genes expression is controlled by divergent promoters PprtP and PprtM, respectively. Transcriptional start points of both prt promoters were determined. Sequence analysis also showed that putative secondary structure could be formed. Previous results have shown that the expression of the prt genes in BGIS29 is regulated by the presence of casitone in chemically defined medium (CDM). To evaluate the role which the regulatory region has on the prt gene expression, the influence of the nucleotide sequence context on DNA bending was investigated. Ligase-mediated cyclization and gel mobility experiments together with the computer-assisted prediction of a putative DNA bending are performed. Computer-assisted prediction of the DNA bending showed that a putative center of the bending is located in the vicinity upstream of the PprtP promoter. Gel mobility experiments revealed that the PCR fragment of 350 bp containing complete regulatory region is curved. The retardation value (R) was 1.2 in the absence of and 1.4 in the presence of the MgCl2. Moreover, truncated PCR fragment (270 bp) containing both, PprtP and PprtM promoters and center of banding retained bendability. Truncated fragment is lacking 80 bp located between the prtM gene and the center of banding. This fragment has R values 1.1 and 1.5 in the absence and presence of MgCl2, respectively.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INDUCTION OF ALBUMIN SYNTHESIS IN BELGRADE LABORATORY (b/b) RAT RETICULOCYTES
Zvezdana Popović, Aleksandra Đurković, Jelena Zarić i Marina Lušić
Institute of molecular genetics and genetic engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, P.O. Box 794, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia
The Belgrade laboratory (b/b) rat is an autosomal mutant characterized by hemolytic anemia. An additional protein band of 68kD molecular mass, which corresponds to the rat serum albumin, characterizes b/b erythrocyte membrane. Albumin has been found in the cytoplasm of both, control (+/+, bled +/+ and phenylhydrazine treated +/+) and b/b erythrocytes. In b/b rat erythrocytes cytoplasm, amount of albumin is 5-7 times increased compared to the +/+ rat erythrocytes
Albumin synthesis is confirmed by immunoprecipitation of in vitro newly synthesized proteins with the specific polyclonal anti-human albumin antibodies. Albumin represents 35-40% of total proteins synthesized in b/b reticulocytes, 22-26% in reticulocytes of rat treated with phenylhidrazine and drops to 6-8% of total newly synthesized proteins in reticulocytes of bled rats.
Albumin synthesis in rat reticulocytes is further confirmed by the identification of albumin mRNA by RT-PCR method.
The present results confirm that albumin is synthesized, not only in liver but in rat reticulocytes, too. Albumin synthesis is inducible and increased in damaged (b/b and phenilhydrazine treated normal rat). Increased amount of albumin in damaged reticulocytes points to the specific function of albumin in stressed cells.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
HCV GENOTYPE DETECTION BY SSCP IN YUGOSLAV POPULATION
Stamenković Gorana, Laketa Danijela, Gudurić Jasenka, Veljković Emilija, Krtolica-Zikić
Koviljka i Dimitrijević Bogomir
Institut
za nuklearne nauke "Vinča", Laboratorija za radiobiologiju i
molekularnu genetiku,
Beograd, Jugoslavija
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) appears to be the major cause of chronic hepatitis (HCV). It has a positive single stranded RNA genome, which displays considerable variability precluding permanent immunity and the production of effective vaccine. On the basis of genomic sequence, HCV isolates are classified into six major genotypes and at least 15 subtypes. HCV genotypes play an important role in disease stratification and treatment modalities. These viral genotypes differ in their geographical distribution. Investigation of HCV genotype distribution in our region showed that genotypes Ib, 3a and la are the most frequent genotypes (90% of all analyzed samples). Genotyping was performed by RT-PCR method with type-specific primers which are complementary with specific sequences in core-region of HCV genome. However, genotyping based on the core segment yields frequently ambiguous results and/or are completely uninformative. On the other hand, the analysis the sequence of 5'-untranslated (NTR) region of the HCV genome also provides genotype specific information. SSCP mutational screening of NTR was optimized to yield a clear distinction between the genotypes in Yugoslavia. This is potentially valuable contribution to clinical diagnostics being suitable for routine screening and economically superior to available commercial tools.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
BSA WITH CANDIDATE DROUGHT-INDUCED GENES
Vesna
Lazić-Jančić, D. Kovačević i S.A. Quarrie
1 Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", Yugoslavia
2John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK
In response to drought stress, many genes are induced in plants and the question many research groups are trying to answer is to determine which of these genes have important roles to play in stressed plants. The approach normally adopted to determine the function of a gene is transformation and gene over-expression or silencing. However, interpreting the results of such studies is not always easy. An alternative approach is bulk segregant analysis (BSA). BSA using cDNAs for the gene as hybridization probes may give an answer to the question through examination of allele frequencies in two bulks of plants selected to differ specifically for the trait of interest.
We have recently used the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique for mRNA fingerprinting of two inbred maize lines differing in drought resistance and grown under drought stressed and control conditions. cDNA fragments prepared from leaves were identified that were specific either to a particular treatment or to a particular genotype or, in some cases, specific to a genotype only under one treatment. Using a range of primer combinations, over 100 fragments were identified and 14 of these have been cloned so far. Hybridizations to dot blots of mRNA confirmed that the majority of the cloned fragments were differentially expressed by either genotypes or treatments.
We are using BSA to screen the cDNAs that were differentially-expressed between treatments for differences in allele frequency between maize composites before and after several cycles of selection for high yield under drought conditions. Two pairs of composite populations are being tested: one pair produced entirely at CIMMYT, Mexico (Tuxpeno Sequia), and the other originating from CIMMYT and developed by the MRI in Zambia (DTP).
One AFLP-derived cDNA (M47/3C) showed allelic variation between the selected and unselected composites and this was mapped to the long arm of maize chromosome 8. We are now examining a mapping population of maize for coincidence of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for drought responses and the M47/3C gene, and the results so far will be presented.
We are grateful to the Royal Society and UNESCO for providing financial support for this work.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
SOX GENES: BRAIN DEVELOPMENT AND SEX DETERMINATION
Milena
Stevanović, Nikola Arsić, Tamara Rajić, Slavica Stanojčić, Tomislav Terzin,
Vesna
Verbić, Maja Vujić, Nebojša Mirković i Danica Grujić
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
The mammalian sex determining gene SRY encodes a protein with an HMG-box, a motif found in several DNA-binding proteins, including some transcription factors. The mammalian genome contains a family of genes related to SRY and homology is restricted to the region of SRY that encodes an HMG-box. These genes have been named SOX (SRY related HMG-box). The SOX family is large comprising at least 30 genes and by similarity within the HMG-box SOX genes are grouped in several subfamilies.
Although only few SOX genes have been characterized in details, increasing evidence indicates that SOX genes have important roles in the regulation of development and mutations in SOX genes are associated with human diseases.
SRY is the only member of the SOX gene family to b directly linked to the sex-determining pathway. Expression studies suggest that many SOX genes are embryonically expressed and expression patterns indicate mat some SOX genes might have roles both in controlling development of central nervous system and sex determination.
By analogy to SRY, SOX genes are expected to have important regulatory function and further analysis of this new family could lead to better understanding of processes of development of nervous system and sex determination.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
DETECTION OF B CHROMOSOME SPECIFIC DNA MARKERS IN
POPULATIONS OF YELLOW-NECKED MOUSE Apodemus flavicollis (RODENTIA, MAMMALIA)
Nikola Tanić1, Nasta Dedović2, Mladen Vujošević1 i Bogomir Dimitrijević2
1 Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade
2 Institute for Nuclear Sciences''Vinca, Belgrade
The molecular structure of the B chromosomes of Apodemus flavicollis has been analyzed by DNA comparison of animals with and without B chromosomes using AP-PCR- based DNA profiling. Mice harboring one, two, three or none B-chromosomes were examined. Chromosomal stmcture was scanned for variant bands by a series of arbitrary primers and informative ones were selected. The selection criteria were their ability to differentiate between individuals of the species, to detect markers common for both A and B chromosomes and, importantly, to differentiate between A and B chromosome set. Along with primer, profiling conditions were found to be critical for meeting the criteria. Primers and conditions of the analysis that demonstrate structural characteristics unique to the B chromosome set are described. These characteristics include variant bands as qualitative parameters and altered electrophoretic band intensities as quantitative distinctions estimated by integration of densitometric profiles of electrophoretograms. Features of DNA profiles illustrate the reliable method of analysis of B chromosomes in the context of full set of A chromosomes. It provides an easy access to B chromosome specific molecular markers. Models for the origin of yellow-necked mouse B chromosomes are discussed in the context of presented data.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CONTROL OF RESISTANCE GENES IN ANTIBIOTIC-PRODUCING ACTINOMYCETES
Branka Vasiljević, Milorad Kojić, Nataša Milojević, Sandra Vajić, Marijana Miljković,
Tatjana Ilić
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade
Actinomycetes have been the focus of much study because they produce a numerous medically important antibiotics. It is important to determine the mode of expression and regulation of genes governing resistance to antibiotics since those genes are usually clustered with biosynethetic genes. Concerning regulation of resistance genes in antibiotic producing actinomycetes, four different models have been described. The first model describes a complex regulatory cascade for biosynthetic genes in streptomycin-producing S. griseus. The model includes the positive A-factor signal which is transferred to strR, a regulatory gene. The resistance gene aphD is transcribed mainly by read-through from the A-factor-dependent strR promoter. The second regulatory mechanism is based on translational attenuation of MLS (macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin) resistance genes or transcriptional attenuation (the resistance tlrA gene from the tylosin producer). The third mechanism of regulation of antibiotic resistance genes is demonstrated in a producer of novobiocin. The resistance gene from tins organism is driven by a promoter which responds to the superhelical density of DNA. The forth regulatory model is described in our laboratory and it is based on translational autoregulation. The aminoglycoside-resistance determinants from M. zionensis (sgm gene), and S. tenebrarius (kgmB gene) have been cloned and it has been shown that mechanism of resistance involves methylation of the 30S ribosomal subunit. The Sgm and KgmB methylases recognise specific sequences on 16S rRNA and also regulatory sequences on their own mRNA. In that way, if all ribosomes are modified, methylases bind to their own mRNA preventing further translation.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE ISOLATION OF BUCKWHEAT GENOMIC CLONE CONTAINING THE GENE FOR METALOTHIONEIN-LIKE PROTEIN
Jelena Brkljačić1, Jelena Avramović1, Paja Šijačić1, Svetlana Radović2, Vesna Maksimović1
1 Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, Beograd,
2 Faculty of Biology, Studentski trg 3, Beograd
Metalothioneins are small molecular weight cysteine-rich proteins, with a capacity to bind metal ions. They are found in animals, fungi and bacteria, where they take part in different physiological processes. Animal genes for metalothioneins can be induced by a variety of stimuli, such as metal ions, hormones and secondary messengers, as well as by different kinds of stresses. Metalothionein genes are found also in plants, but only a few of them were characterized at the protein level. The data about elements involved in their expression are also scarce.
A cDNA clone pBM290, 600 bp long, has been isolated from cDNA library from buckwheat seed. The complete coding region for metalothionein-like protein has been identified in this clone. Based on Southern blot of buckwheat seed genomic DNA digested with restriction enzyme EcoRI, a fragment of 5 Kb (H2) was chosen as a template for asymmetric PCR. The primer, PREX290, was derived from pBM 290 clone sequence. To single-stranded DNA, obtained by asymmetric PCR, oligo-dG tails were added to 3'-end. Further amplification was performed with two primers - PREX290 and a NotC, which contains restriction site for NotI enzyme and oligo-dC tail. PCR products, 700 bp long, were ligated into the Bluescript vector and cloned in XL 1 Blue E.coli strain. Three clones, with sequences of a gene for metalotliionein-like protein were chosen on the basis of plasmid electrophoretic mobility, PCR amplification with PREX290 and NotC primers and hybridization with pBM290 probe. The final identity of these genomic clones will be confirmed by sequencing.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF Micromonospora STRAINS PRODUCING AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTICS
Sandra Vajić, Milorad Kojić, Branka Vasiljević
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade
Micromonospora strains which produce aminoglycoside antibiotics have high level of resistance to 4.6-disubstituted deoxystreptamine antibiotics that are structurally similar to their own products. The genes responsible for resistance in Micromonospora producers were cloned previously (the grm gene from M. purpurea, gentamicin producer, and the sgm gene from M. zionensis, producer of G-52). Both genes encode specific 16S rRNA methylases that modify target for aminoglycoside antibiotics and thus protect it. Southern hybridization experiments revealed that highly homologous genes are present also in other Micromonospora strains which produce aminoglycoside antibiotics. Genetic analyses of antibiotic producing organisms have revealed that in most cases the genes for resistance to antibiotics are clustered with their corresponding biosynthetic genes and, in some cases, with regulatory genes. This may indicate that expression of genes conferring resistance and biosynthetic genes are correlated ensuring that resistance is always operational when the organism is exposed to its own toxic product. Regulation of cloned sgm and grm resistance genes was studied. Although these genes are more then 80% identical in coding regions, their regulation is completely different. Therefore, it was interesting to analyse surrounding sequences, possible biosynthetic genes, for their homology. By hybridization with a DNA probe derived from pMK2 plasmid carrying the sgm gene on 7.2 kb fragment, chromosomal DNA of different aminoglycoside producers was analysed. Sequence analysis demonstrated that there is an open reading frame upstream of the sgm gene which show significant homology to the genes that encode aminotransferases, enzymes involved in biosynthetic pathways of different antibiotics.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE APPLICATION OF GENETIC MARKERS IN PREVENTION OF DAIRY CATTLE MASTITIS
Marijana Vučinić1, Z. Gajić1 i P. Stojić2
1 Faculty of Agriculture, Department for Livestock Production, Nemanjina 6, Zemun
2 PKB "INI Agroekonornik", Livestock Institute, Padinska Skela, Beograd
As many authors stressed, the most costly disease in dairy cattle of modern milk industry is mastitis. It is an inflammation of the mammary gland, usually caused by microbial infection in its one or more quarters. Protection of the mammary gland from microbial infection is governed by innate (nonspecific) and acquired (specific) immunity. Effectors of innate immunity are anatomical and physilogical inflammatory defense barriers, many antimicrobial substances, such as keratin, lactoferin. lysozyme. components of the complement, lactoperoxidase/thiocyanate/hydrogen peroxide system and phagocytic cells (macrophages. neutrophils and leukocytes). Effectors of acquired immunity are T- and B-lymphocytes and specific antibodies. Following microbial infection of the udder, large numbers of phagocytic cells enter the mammary gland. The number of these cells in milk is termed as Somatic Cell Count (SCC) or Somatic Cell Score (SCS) and practically serves as an indicator of alteration in the mammary gland secretion or its infection. The ability of phagocytes to ingest and kill microorganisms is a genetically regulated trait controlled by major histocompatibility complex genes (MHC genes). These genes encode histoglobulins and molecules on surface of leukocyte membranes. These molecules in cattle are known as Bovine Leukocyte Antigens (BoLA). Genes that encoded their synthesis (BoLA genes or MHC genes) influence immune response and disease resistance in cattle. Because, BoLA and Somatic Cell Score are potential genetic markers in selection of cattle to mastitis resistance.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE RAT βbminy - GLOBIN GENE PROMOTER
Nataša
Grujičić, Sonja Pavlović, Sanja Pavlović, Zvezdana Popović
Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444A
P.O. Box 794, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia
The rat β- globin gene locus is unique for its organization. It consists of either five or three adult β- globin genes depending on haplotype and we presume that transcriptional regulation of these genes within the locus has its own specific properties. The object of our investigation is the rat βbminy - globin gene promoter..
We have analyzed the regulation of transcription of the rat βbminy globin promoter using CAT functional assay. We have cloned 900 bp long promoter region from βbminy - -globin gene upstream of the CAT reporter gene. Promoter activity was investigated in rat erythroleukemia cell line (REL), a permanent cell line arrested at the proerythroblast stage of development. Upon treatment with DMSO, REL cells c m be induced to undergo erythroid differentiation in a way that closely mimics normal red-cell maturation.
Since we decided to analyze promoter activity in stable transfection assays, we also cloned HS3 (hypersensitive site 3) from human p-LCR in the reporter construct. The reason for this is that HS3 confers gene-copy-number-dependent expression of the linked gene in REL cells, independent of the site of integration in the host genome. We analyzed the activity of the rat βbminy -globin promoter in undifferentiated and differentiated stably transfected REL cells by measuring CAT activity. In mis experiment we showed induction of transcription from βbminy -globin promoter upon erythroid differentiation of REL cells.
In order to determine which regions of this promoter are functionally important for its tissue-specific transcriptional activation and inducibility we deleted certain parts of the promoter and began the analysis of the deletion mutants using CAT assay.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
SYNTHESIS AND SECRETION OF THE SGM METHYLASE IN Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Tatjana Ilić, Milorad Kojić, Goran Ljubijankić, Branka Vasiljević
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade
The baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was successfully used in many cases for die expression of heterologous genes. The aim of the present work was to clone the sgm gene to yeast expression vector pGoBO under yeast promoter and secretion signal. This approach offers the advantage for purification of the Sgm methylase from media.
The sgm gene was cloned from actinomycete Micromonospora zionensis, producer of an aniinoglycoside antibiotic, as resistant determinant. The gene encodes a specific methylase that modifies 16S rRNA. It was previously shown that the expression of this gene in different Streptomyces strains, in E. coli and in Micromonospora melanosporea gives resistance to gentamicin. It was interesting to test whether the sgm gene could confer resistance to gentamicin also in eukaryotic organism such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Computer analysis of 16S rRNA and 15S and 18S rRNA of yeast revealed that there is high homology in regions where gentamicin can bind. Therefore, we also tested the intracellular expression of the sgm gene. Such expression of the sgm gene in S. cerevisiae could lead to successful usage of this gene as dominant marker in yeast vectors with increased host range.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE REGULATION OF cls GENE EXPRESSION IN BACTERIA Escherichia coli K12
Radmila Janjušević, Mirjana Lilić, Milija Jovanović, Goran Jovanović i Dragutin Savić
Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, V. Stepe 444a, P. Fah 794, 11001 Belgrade
Escherichia coli cls gene codes for cardiolipin synthase, the enzyme that catalyses reversible phosphatidyl group transfer from one phosphatidylglycerol molecule to another to form cardiolipin (CL) and glycerol. CL is one of three major glycerophospholipides constituting biological membranes, but different from others for its tetraacyl structure and supposedly plays unique functional role. The membrane content of CL increases as E. coli cells enter the stationary phase. The specific activity of CL synthase is also about 10-fold higher in cells that are in the stationary phase than in those in exponential phase of growth. To examine cls gene expression strains containing operon (cls-lacZ+) and protein (els- 'lacZ) fusions were constructed. The same shape of curves of β-galaclosidase activities in different time points for operon and protein fusions indicate that the regulation of els gene expression is on transcriptional level. These results confirmed that the transcription of els gene increased when the cells enter the stationary phase. In addition, there is probably more than one regulatory factor involved in regulation of the cls gene transcription. The role of several E. coli global regulatory factors was examined by measuring β-galactosidase activity of an operon fusion in different regulatory mutants and by gel shift experiments. These results have revealed that some of global factors are also involved in the regulation of cls gene transcription.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CysB ACTIVATOR ACTS AS A REPRESSOR OF THE HslJ EXPRESSION THROUGH N-ACETYL SERIN MODULATED DNA BINDING IN THE hslJ LOCUS
Milija Jovanović, Mirjana Lilić, Radmila Janjušević, Goran Jovanović i Dragutin Savić
Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, V. Stepe 444a, P. Fah 794, 11001 Belgrade
CysB
protein belongs to the LysR family of regulatory proteins. It activates the
transcription of genes involved in the cysteine biosynthetic pathway as well as
some other
genes such as tauABCD, cbl, adi, lysU,. In turn, CysB negatively regulates expression of its
own gene. N-acetyl serin (NAS) is an inducer of the CysB activated
transcriptions but anti-
inducer of the autogenously controlled cysB expression. We found that CysB
protein
negatively regulates the expression of a new hslJ gene. In order to
elucidate the regulatory
role of CysB implicated in expression of the HslJ. CysB protein with His
tag on its C-
terminal region was purified near homogeneity. The functional activity of the
CysB-His
fusion protein was confirmed in vivo. Analyses of gel retardation
experiments employing
the purified CysB protein and the DNA fragment that comprises the regulatory
region and
the 5' part of the hsU gene showed that in vitro, CysB specifically
binds this fragment and
forms two complexes. Comparison of the results obtained using either the crude
cell extracts
isolated from die wild type cells or the purified CysB-His revealed that CysB
protein alone
binds this fragment, hence that no auxiliary proteins are involved in this
binding.
Furthermore, we showed that NAS decreases the efficiency of the CysB-DNA
binding in
the hsU locus acting as an anti-inducer. Therefore it might be that CysB plays
a role of the
classical repressor of the HslJ expression while the NAS binding to CysB
modulates this
negative regulation.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CONSTRUCTION OF SHUTTLE VECTOR pA13
Milan Kojić, Slavica Arsenijević, Olivera Gajić, Vanesa Munćan i Ljubiša Topisirović
Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, V. Stepe 444a, P. Fah 794, 11001 Belgrade
The smallest cryptic plasmid pAl (2820bp) of Lactobacillus plantarum A112 containing the RCR origin able to replicate in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and E. coli was used for construction of shuttle cloning vector pA13. Vector pA13 was constructed by insertion of DNA fragment (1 kb) harbouring the erm gene from pIL253 and DNA fragment harbouring the lacZ(α) gene from M13mpl8 into pAl. Cloning DNA fragments in multiple restriction sites present in the lacZ(α) gene was facilitated by using blue/white selection of E. coli transformants. Further genetic manipulation was allowed by selection of Emr transformants in both LAB and E. coli. Results showed that vector pA13 posses high efficiency of transformation of a LAB and had a broad host range. In addition, it had pretty good stability, i.e. segregation is relatively low. The pA13 vector was used for cloning bacteriocin genes from Lactococcus lactis BGMN1-5 by making the library of bacteriocinogenic plasmid in E. coli. Recombinant clones containing the bacteriocin genes was isolated by transformation of bacteriocin-sensitive strain L. lactis IL1403 and selection for bacteriocin production and immunity. The pA13 vector and recombinant clones with bacteriocin genes were stable maintained in LAB and E.coli. Vector was also used for cloning of heterologous sgm gene (GC reach) from Micromonospora zionensis. Results showed that recombinant clones were stable in LAB as well as in E. coli. However, the expression of the sgm gene was obtained in E. coli but not in LAB.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
LARGE SCALE OF ISOLATION OF RAT ERYTHROID PROGENITORS FOR GENE THERAPY
Marija Mijatović1, Jelena Stanković2, Marijana Petakov2, Gordana Jovčić2, Jelena Zarić1, Zvezdana Popović1
1Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering
2 Institute for Medical Research
Hemopoiesis is studied in vitro mainly in semisolid cultures, where hemopoietic progenitors develop into discrete colonies. The fact that the cells are immobilized in the semisolid medium makes difficult or impossible to carry out analysis of growth kinetics of the developing cells.
We describe a liquid culture system that supports the growth and maturation of rat erythroid progenitors. The procedure was divided into two phases. In the first phase mononuclear cells from the peripheral blood and bone marrow were cultured in a density of 5x106 cells/ml in alpha minimal essential medium supplemented with 10% PCS, 10% PKW-SCM and 1 μg/ml cyclosporin A. The cultures were incubated at 37°C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air with extra humidity.
Following a 3 days of incubation in these primary cultures, the cells were harvested, washed and recultured in alpha medium containing 30% PCS, 1% BSA, 10-5 β-mercaptoethanol and 1U/ml Epo. These secondary cultures were incubated at 37°C in an extra-humid sealed incubator flushed with a mixture of 5% O2, 7% CO2 and 88% N2.
In the first phase (Epo independent) cultures showed a sharp decrease in absolute number of erythroid colony-forming progenitors. During the second phase, the presence of Epo, a high concentration of PCS and incubation under low oxygen pressure resulted in the development of erythroid cells. This type of liquid culture can give higher cell yield with quite synchronous cell differentiation stages and easily be applied, as particularly suitable target cells, in gem therapy protocols.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
TWO-PLASMID SYSTEM FOR ISOLATION OF REGULATORY AND GENTAMICIN SENSITIVE MUTANTS OF THE SGM GENE
Marijana
Miljković, Nataša Milojević, Milorad Kojić, Branka Vasiljević
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade
The sgm (sisomicin-gentamicin resistance methylase) gene is resistant determinant cloned from aminoglycoside producing strain Micromonospora zionensis. It encodes specific 16S rRNA methylase which protects ribosomes from inhibitory effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics. It was shown previously that the sgm gene is regulated at the translational level by negative autoregulation. Namely, Sgm methylase- binds to specific regulatory sequence in front of ribosomal binding site on its own mRNA and thus prevents its own further translation when all ribosomes are methylated (protected). Regulation of sgm gene was studied by use of sgm-lacZ fusion system. In order to study regions responsible for autoregulation or/and methylation of ribosomal RNA, a system with two plasmids was developed. The sgm-lacZ fusion was cloned on a low-copy plasmid pMS42l and cells carrying such construct were transformed with in vitro mutagenized plasmid carrying the sgm gene. Screening procedures were designed in a way that either regulatory or gentamicin sensitive mutants could be detect. Results of analysis of obtained mutants will be presented.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
PROMOTER SEQUENCES REQUIRED FOR REGULATED EXPRESSION OF THE RAT βbminy - GLOBIN GENE IN REL CELLS
Tatjana Mitrović i Zvezdana Popović
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
The rat β-globin locus is unique for its organization. It consists of three to five adult genes depending on haplotype. We have shown that one of these genes - βbminy is transcriptionally active in rat reticulocytes. Further, we try to elucidate the transcriptional regulation of βbminy -globin gene during erythroid differentiation. Our study is based on D5A1 REL (rat erythroleukemic) cells, homologous model system, which can successfully mimics in vitro the events of normal erythropoiesis. In order to evaluate the contribution of promoter sequences to transcriptional regulation of βbminy - globin gene, we have made hybrid promoter-CAT reporter gene constructs. The expression of these reporter plasmids was confirmed by primer-extension analysis. On the basis of stable-transfection experiments, we could define the minimum elements which are required for enhancement and induction of transcription in differentiating REL cells. We have shown that the presence of -96 bp promoter region (TATA-βDRE-CCAAT-CACCC) is sufficient for erythroid specific expression of βbminy - globin gene.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
POLYMORPHISM OF PCR BASED MARKERS AND HETEROSIS IN MAIZE
Snežana
Mladenović Drinić i Kosana Konstantinov
Maize Research Institute, 11080 Zemun Polje-Belgrade
As parental genetic divergence has been found to increase the potential for heterosis in crosses, it is suggested using of indirect measures of genetic diversity as possible predictors for the heterotic response of hybrids (polymorphism of molecular markers). The five maize inbreds (F2, ZP120, ZP 2039, W 401, EP1) and 10 hybrids were evaluated for grain yield. Heterotic effect was calculated regarding the mid-parent value and estimated heterosis for yield according Eberhart and Gardner, 1966. The parental lines were surveyed for polymorphism with randomly chosen set of 58 SSR loci and 15 AFLP primers pair resulting in a total of 1306 reproducible amplification products, 595 of them being polymorphic. Roger's genetic distance were computed for all ten combination of the five parents based on 595 marker variants (501 AFLP variants, 94 SSR allele variants) and ranged from 0.618 in cross F2 x ZP2039 to 0.841 in cross ZP120 X W401 with an average of 0.682 across all ten pairs. The coefficient of correlation between genetic distance based on AFLP/ SSR marker date and mid-parent heterosis for yield was positive and significant 0.604/0.687 and with estimated heterosis 0.578 / 0.636, respectively. The coefficient of correlation between AFLP and SSR marker date is 0.752. The results indicated that genetic diversity among parental lines is certainly related to heterosis.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
YEAST SHUTTLE EXPRESSION VECTOR WITH DOMINANT SELECTIVE MARKER
Pavković,
N., Todorović, V., Glišin, V., Ljubijankić, G.
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, Belgrade
Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the standard expression system in genetical engineering which shows many good features of prokaryotic expression systems and also possess mechanisms of postranslational modifications inherent to higher eukaryotic cells.
Shuttle vectors pBLITZ has been obtained by fusing selective markers and replication elements of both S. cerevisiae and E. coli. pBLITZ contains sequences responsible for replication (ORI) and maintenance of high copy number (STB, FRT, FLP) from naturally occurring yeast plasmid 2>im, E. coli plasmid pBR322 origin of replication, and selectable markers: E. coli β-lactamase gene (conferring ampicilin resistance) and auxotrophic marker LEU2 from S. cerevisiae genome. pBLITZ also contains BLITZ expression cassette that allows expression and secretion of wide range of heterologous proteins in yeast.
An obstacle for wider usage of this plasmid is lack of dominant selectable marker-gene which would increase the range of host strains and allow selection in rich media. Therefore a gene for aminoglycoside antibiotics resistance (kanamycin, geneticin...) Tn903 kanr functional in both E. coli and S. cerevisiae was cloned.
New shuttle vector with dominant selective marker has been utilized for 'construction of new plasmids for expression and secretion of heterologous proteins from prokaryotes (penicillin amidase; plasmid pGoB-2KS), and eukaryotes (human interferone-β; plasmid pG1FN).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
LOCALISATION OF CONTROL ELEMENTS RESPONSIBLE FOR SOX3 GENE ACTIVATION BY RETINOIC ACID
Tamara Rajić, Nikola Arsić, Nebojsa Mirković. Milka Sokolović and Milena Stevanović
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering. Vojvode Stepe 444/A P.O. Box 794, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Retinoids have been shown to have effects in a variety of biological processes including cell differentiation, embryogenesis and neoplasia. Retinoic acid (RA), the natural acidic derivative of vitamin A, seems to be of major importance in many aspects of CNS development. Effects of both vitamin A excess and deficiency on the developing embryos of mammals are associated with CNS defects.
SOX3 gene is a member of new family of genes, which are embryonicly expressed, and the expression is restricted to neuronal and related tissues. Expression patterns of SOX3 gene and mentally retarded patients, deleted for this gene, suggest certain role in the regulation of development of CNS.
SOX3 gene is activated by RA and the sequence responsible for RA activation resides within 400 bp fragment. Five overlapping subfragments 200-334 bp in length responsible for RA activation are made by PCR, cloned in pBLCATS vector and linked to the CAT (Chloramphenicol Acetyl Transferase) reporter gene. These constructs after transient transfection into NT2/D1 cells were assayed for the CAT activity in the presence and absence of RA.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
MOLECULAR-GENETIC ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT POSTTRANSLATIONAL MATURATION OF E. coli PAC
Spasić M., Glišin V., Ljubijankić G.
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, V. Stepe 444a, Beograd, Yugoslavia
Penicillin G acylase (PAC) catalyses hydrolysis of penicillin G to 6-aminopenicillinic acid and phenilacetic acid (PAA), which marks this enzyme as very important for the semi synthetic antibiotics production.
Regulation of Escherichia coli pac expression is complex and encompasses different mechanisms both on transcriptional and posttranslational level. In order to acquire functional, heterodimeric enzyme, nascent PAC precursor has to undergo proteolytical processing, which represents limiting step in industrial synthesis of the enzyme both in bacteria and yeasts. In E. coli this processing takes place only below 30°C. However, Providencia rettgeri pac gene (62% homology with E. coli pac on aminoacid level) is expressed in temperature-independent manner.
In order to determine a region responsible for this difference, we constructed a recombinant plasmid carrying both pac genes. This vector, introduced into E. coli, was subjected to intraplasmid homologous recombination between two pac genes which allowed us to isolate a number of chimeric pac genes.
Further analyses encompassed clones that posses significantly changed characteristics of posttranslational processing of precursor: (1) a chimeric gene which possess temperature-independent precursor processing and (2) a group of recombinants with lowered efficiency of posttranslational maturation.
We have determined exact nucleotide positions of recombinational events by restriction analysis, PCR mapping and sequencing. That allowed us to determine region(s) that influence thermal dependencies of posttranslational processing in E. coli precursor. Our further work was aimed at precise delimiting of these regions, using technologies of genetic engineering.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF THE prt GENE REGULATORY REGION OF NATURAL ISOLATE Luctobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei BGHN14
Irena Spasojević, Nataša Miladinov i Ljubiša Topisirović
Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, V. Stepe 444a, P.O.Box 794, 11001 Belgrade
Lactobadllus paracasei subsp. paracasei BGHN14 is natural isolate from homemade cheese. Preliminary analysis revealed that this strain produces the proteinase similar to the lactococcal PI-type proteinase. Hybridisation experiments as well as restriction analyses indicated that proteinase gene region have similarity with that of lactococci. In contrast to lactococci, prt genes of lactobacilli are chromosomal located. Proteolytic activity of the BGHN14 is depended on concentration of casitone in basal minimal medium (BMM). Higher casitone concentrations (1.0% and 2.0%) exhibited inhibitory effect upon the BGHN14 proteinase activity. Regulatory domain of BGHN14 was subcloned into vector pNZ273 resulting in construct pHN174, and sequenced. Results revealed that this region contains both PprtM and PprtP promoters but is shorter for 35 bp in comparison to that of lactococci. The nucleotide sequence missing in BGHN14 is forming potential steam-loop structure suspected to be involved in casitone-dependent regulation of the prt genes expression in Lactococcus lactis SKI 10, Wg2 and BGIS29. However, testing the p-glucuronidase activity in L. lactis NZ9000/pHN174 tran-formant in which the gusA gene is under control of the Pprtm promoter of BGHN14 revealed that casitone mediated regulation was at the transcriptional level.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
PRELIMINARY CHARACTERISATION OF THE THREE NOVEL HUMAN SOX GENES
Slavica Stanojčić, Maja Vujić, Nikola Arsić, Tamara Rajić i Milena Stevanović
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444/A, P.O. Box 794, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia
The mammalian genome contains a family of genes that are related to SRY, the mammalian sex determining gene, and these genes are called SOX genes (SRY-related HMG-box genes). By analogy to SRY, these genes might be expected to play a role in the regulation of development and sex determination.
Preliminary results suggest that many SOX genes are embrionically expressed and expression patterns indicate that some of them might play some role in development of central nervous system.
A new human SOX gene, named SOX 14, has been isolated from the human genomic library. This gene has been mapped to human chromosome 3q23 region. SOX 14 HMG-box amino acid sequence shares 65,8% similarity to HMG-box of the SRY gene, and 100% similarity to HMG-box of mouse Soxl4 gene. It is predominantly expressed in foethal spinal cord, foethal brain and foethal thymus.
The other two human SOX genes, named SOX18 and SOX20, have been isolated from human foethal cDNA library. One of them, named SOX 18, shares 52,6% of amino acid similarity to HMG-box of the SRY gene and 74% amino acid similarity to amino acid sequence of mouse Sox18 gene. SOX18 has been assigned to chromosome 20q13.3 region using radiation hybrids.
The other one named SOX20 gene, shows 65,8% amino acid similarity to HMG-box of the SRY gene, and it does not appear to be a true homologue of any of known mouse Sox genes. SOX20 has been assigned to chromosome 17pl3 region using FISH and radiation hybrids. The gene is widely expressed in foethal and adult human tissues. Further analysis of these genes will provide information about their potential roles in controlling developmental processes in humans.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENOTYPING THE BOVINE TRAITS OF ECONOMIC INTEREST
Slavica Stanojčić, Jelena Đurović, Nikola Arsić, Nebojsa Mirković, Vesna Verbić, Milena Stevanović
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering. Vojvode Stepe 444a P.O. Box 794, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Caseins are predominant (80%) proteins in bovine milk. One of them, K-casein is polymorphic and the most frequent variants are A and B. The K-casein allele B is more desirable for cheese production. Milk obtained from cows with BB genotype shows higher curd firmness and higher cheese yield.
Bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) is a lethal autosomal recessive disease. It is caused by point mutation in CD 18 gene. This gene encodes p subunit of glycoprotein which is responsible for adhesive interactions between leukocytes and infectious agents. The point mutation causes an amino acid substitution that makes this glycoprotein inactive. Affected animals suffer from frequent infections which recur after conventional treatment, and they die before reaching maturity.
For fast and precise detection of gene variant for K-casein and BLAD, we've introduced a DNA test based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and RFLP. Test included amplification of specific region of CD 18 gene, exon 4 of K-casein, which contains polymorphic sequence and later treatment of these fragments by restriction enzymes.
This PCR-RFLP DNA test enabled us to detect normal and defective CD 18 allele, to identify affected, normal and heterozygous animals and also specific allele for K-casein they had.
After analysis of CD 18 sequence and sequence of K-casein gene, we've designed oligonucleotides which have been used as primers. We have obtained fragments of expected lengths by multiplex PCR. After precipitation, PCR products were treated with restriction enzymes PstI and Hae III. Then, after double digestion, the fragments corresponding to each genotype were easily detected in 4% agarose gel.
Genotypes based on polymorphic restriction sites for both characteristics can be easily detected from banding pattern what make the test useful for the selection of traits of economic interest.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ANALYSIS OF CONJUGATIVE ABILITIES OF PLASMIDS IN Lactococcus lactis subsp.
lactis biov. diacetylactis S50
Ivana Strahinić, Milan Kojić i Ljubiša Topisirović
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, V. Stepe 444a, P.O.Box 794, 11001 Belgrade
Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis S50 is a natural isolate from starter culture for butter production. The strain S50 contains five plasmids, in range from 6.7 kb to about 300 kb (pS50-290, pS50-80, pSSO-lOa, pSSO-lOb and pS50-7). This strain produces bacteriocin with narrow antibacterial spectrum, bacteriocin S50 and cell wall-asociated proteinase of PI-type located on the large plasmid pS50-290. Other plasmids are cryptic. The strain S50 was used as a donor in conjugation experiments for transfer of plasmids to L. lactis MG1363 and IL1403 and S50 derivatives obtained by plasmid curing. The transconjugants from these crosses contain plasmid pS50-290 but also small plasmids pS50-10a, pS50-10b and pS50-7 in various combinations. These transconjugants were used as donors in further conjugations, but transfer of small plasmids was not detected. Results also showed that only plasmid pS50-290 could be transmitted in these crosses. Taking all these results together, it appeared that plasmid pS50-80 was responsible for cotransfer of small plasmids during conjugation. Hybridisation experiments revealed that plasmids pS50-7, pS50-10a and pS50-10b contain homologous nucleotide sequences with plasmid pS50-80. Homologues TaqI DNK fragments were cloned from all four plasmids and sequenced. Comparative analysis of sequences revealed that they share high degree of homology among themselves. In addition, they contain homology with oriT region of the well-known lactococcal plasmid pCI528.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CLONING OF MOLE RATS Sox2 GENE USING PCR METHOD
Tomislav Terzin, Milka Sokolović, Ana Basić i Milena Stevanović
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444/A, P.O. Box 794, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Cloning a gene for determination male sex in mammals (Sry), led to determination a whole family of related genes. Homology between them is restricted to HMG box; therefore this genes were named Sox genes (Sry related HMG box).
Sox genes are expressed during embrional development, in neural and related tissues and undifferentiated gonads. Therefore it is predicted that Sox genes are transcriptional factors that have a role in development of central nervous system and sex determination. Using PCR based approach a large number of Sox genes have been identified in different animals. Apart from mammals, Sox genes have been identified in birds, reptiles, amphibians, fishes, insects and nematodes.
Research has been shown that Sox2 gene is involved in controlling of eye development. The aim of this research is to clone and characterize, Sax2 gene from mole rat (Spalax leucodon). Mole rats eyes are rudimentary and they can distinguish only light from darkness. Because of the role of Sox2 gene in eye development this gene will be cloned and analyzed for presents of possible mutations in mole rat.
Primers specific for 5' and 3' region of human SOX2 gene are used to amplify Sox2 gene from mole rat. PCR products are cloned. By hybridization with box and SOX2 specific probe, it is shown that cloned fragment of mole rat is indeed Sox2 gene. Hybridization analysis indicate high conservation of Sox2 gene in mole rat and human. Confirmed high conservation of Sox genes makes possible to analyse the animal Sax genes using primers corresponding to human SOX genes.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
BIOCHEMICAL AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL EXTRACELLULAR PROTEINASES
Đorđe Fira i Ljubiša Topisirović
Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering. V. Stepe 444a, P.O.Box 794, 11001 Belgrade
A collection of natural isolates from bacterial genus Staphylococcus is obtained from food samples, which originate from different geographical locations. The isolates have been screened for production of extracellular proteinases. Amongst 171 isolates, 55 of them were found to be proteolytically active, since their cultures proteolytically coagulate milk. Specificity of staphylococcal extracellular proteinases towards casein fractions has been analysed by electrophoresis. In the process of milk coagulation, staphylococcal proteinases, beside p-casein, significantly hydrolyzed as]- and K-casein. Biochemical characteristics of proteinases from isolates F22, F86, M104, S2007 and S2105 have been studied in detail. It was found that these proteinases have relatively low molecular masses (from 20 to 32 kDa), an that they are released from the cell envelope in the growth medium spontaneously. Their temperature optima are between 30°C and 37°C and their pH optima ranging from 6.5 to 8.7. Copper ions inhibit, but the presence of calcium ions stimulates the activity of proteinases of isolates F22, M104 and S2007. Beside casein fractions, they also hydrolyze heterologous protein substrates, such as BSA and gelatin. Experiments with specific proteinase inhibitors revealed that proteinases of isolates F22 and M104 belong to the serine group of proteinases. The S2007 and S2105 proteinases were classified as metaloproteinases whereas the type of F86 proteinase in these experiments could not be determinated. In hybridization experiments, total DNA isolated from these isolates did not hybridize to the lactococcal proteinase genes probes.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
MECHANISM OF POSTTRANSLATIONAL PROCESSING OF THE HETERODIMERIC PAC
Ševo M., Glišin V. i Ljubijankić G.
Institute of molecular genetics and genetic engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, Belgrade
Bacterial enzyme penicillin G acylase (PAC) catalyses the hydrolysis of the acyl group of penicillin G. In bacterial cell PAC is synthesised as a single inactive cytoplasmic precursor (pre-pro-PAC). Maturation process begins by removal of signal peptide on inner membrane, followed by release of the spacer peptide and the formation of biochemical} active PAC composed of two unequal-size subunits (α and β) in the periplasm. Synthesis of active enzyme due to expression of the pac gene not only in different Gram-negative bacteria (Sizmann et oi, 1990) but also in yeast (Ljubijankic, 1995) excluded involvement in reaction of speciffic as well as unspeciffic endopeptidases, suggested that the spacer peptide release might be an autocatalytical event. To confirm this hypothesis we constructed the E. coli pac mutant gene (Δ 20 pac) that contains a deletion of the last 20 codons from the 3' terminus and encodes a biochemically inactive precursor molecule. This mutant gene was in vivo coexpressed with the intact pac gene (wt) from Gram-negative bacterium Frovidencia rettgeri in E. coli strain DH5α. Coexpression of these genes was monitored by Serratia marscescens overlay technique and by NIPAB colorimetric assay, and we observed a significant change in the whole PAC activity of the cells. Results of the periplasmic proteins analysis suggest an intermolecular interaction of two different PAC precursors in the process of autocatalytic posttranslational processing.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE ISOLATION OF GENOMIC CLONE CONTAINING THE GENE FOR A SUBUNIT OF BUCKWHEAT SEED STORAGE PROTEIN
Paja Šijačić1, Jelena Brkljačić1, Svetlana Radović2, Vesna Maksimović1
1 Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode
Stepe 444a, Beograd
2 Faculty of Biology, Studentski trg 3, Beograd
Buckwheat seed storage proteins contain three types of proteins: 13 S legumin-like globulins, 8S vicilin-like globulins and 2S albumin-like proteins. A cDNA clone pBF349, with an insert of 600 bp, has been isolated from a cDNA library from buckwheat seeds in mid-maturation stage. This insert has been shown to be a part of the gene for basic polypeptyde subunit of legumin-like storage proteins.
Based on Southern blot of buckwheat seed genomic DNA digested with restriction enzyme EcoRl, fragments 6-9 Kb (HI) were chosen as a template for asymmetric PCR with M9 primer, derived from pBF 349 clone coding sequence. To single-stranded DNA, obtained by asymmetric PCR, oligo-dG tails were added to 3'-end. Further amplification was performed with two primers - M9 and a NotC, which contains restriction site for NotI enzyme and oligo-dC tail. PCR products, 600 bp long, were ligated with the Bluescript vector and cloned in XL 1 Blue E. coli strain.
Four clones, containing sequences of a gene for polypeptyde subunit of legumin-like buckwheat storage protein were chosen on the basis of plasmid electrophoretic mobility, PCR amplification with M9 and NotC primers and hybridization with pBF349 probe. The final identity of these genomic clones will be confirmed by sequencing.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
KARYOTYPE ANALISIS AND CHROMOSOME NUMBER VARIABILITY IN
THE FISH SPECIES Cyprinus carpio L. I Carassius auratus gibelio B. (Cyprinidae, Pisces)
Svetlana Fišter
Faculty for Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bul. JNA 18, 11000 Belgrade
The fish species Cyprinus carpio L. and Carassius auratus gibelio B. (Cyprinidae) are of tetraploid origin. According to some data from the available literature, the chromosome number in the both species in the natural bisexual population varies from 98 to 104.
The studies of wild type carp from the Danube population indicate that the diploid chromosome number was 2n=104 in the all individuals examined. There were no the individuals with 2n=98, or 2n=100 chromosomes, as some authors were reported for the carp from some waters. Karyotype of this carp consists of: 24 metacenmcs (M), 12 submetacentrics (SM), 24 subacrocentrics (SA) and 44 acrocentrics (A). The fundamental arm number (NF) equals 164.
In the fish species Carassius auralus gibelio B., in accordance with the existing data, the diploid chromosome number varies from 98 to 104, too. The bise.xuals and the gynogenetic Iryploid lines of this fish species exist in nature. Populational-genetic studies in the fishes from Yugoslav waters indicate to the chromosome number that varies among individuals in the bisexual and among gynogenetic populations. The existence of bisexual populations was affirmed in Yugoslav waters in 1989 and 1991. The basic diploid chromosome number in the fishes from Danube was 2n=100. but some differences occurred in the number of tiniest acrocentrics. The basic karyotype of 2n=100 consists of: 24 metacentrics (M). 12 submetacentrics (SM), 24 subacrocentrics (SA) and 40 acrocentrics (A). The fundamental chromosome arm number (NF) equals 160.
Variations in the number of tiniest acrocentrics in the both species probably occurred as a result of ancestral letraploidisation.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE INCLUSION OF POPULATION OR SPECIES CHROMOSOME VARIANTS IN THE COMBINATION POTENTIAL OF AN INDIVIDUAL
Boro P. Pavlović
Institute of Forestry, Kneza Viseslava 3, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
There are quite simple relations between the number of variants of haploid (V) and diploid chromosome complements (W, K) depending on the number of chromosomes in the haploid complement (n) and on the number of variants of each member (Vj) of the chromosome set presented in the group of individuals, in the population or species. Maximal potential of a diploid individual is V=2n of gamete variants and K=3n of diploid variants within the basic set W=22n of progeny variants. These relations can be used in the explanation of a wide specter of issues: origin and conservation of biodiversity, optimization of chromosome matterial partition, variation potential intra species, population or cultivated and conserved live stocks. Special attention has been devoted to the issue of minimal number of individuals that can include the maximal number of chromosome variants. This can be applied to the solving of the problem of the scope of variation contained in Noah's Ark. spaceship voyage plans or biodiversity salvage in catastrophes, but also in the conditions of everyday activities of the modem civilization. A simple and surprising finding is mat the minimal number of individuals (which can cover the maximal number of chromosome set variants) depends only on the number of variants of the maximally variant chromosome (vmax). This minimal number of diploid individuals is equal to half a number of variants of that chromosome, vmax/2, for an even, or (vmax+l)/2, for an odd number of chromosome variants. The problem of the conservation of population and species genetic diversity should be based on the study of the aspect of combinations of chromosome variants.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC LOADS AND COADAPTIVITY OF CHROMOSOMAL INVERSION POLYMORPHISM IN A DROSOPHILA SUBOBSCURA
Goran Živanović i Marko Anđelković
Department of
Genetics, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic",
Belgrade
The most attractive way to detect the coadaptivity of chromosomal inversion polymorphism in natural populations of Drosophila might be studies on the level of the genetic load. Considering the extremely rich inversion polymorphism of Drosophila subobscura populations of this species might serve as suitable model-systems to study the connection between these two kinds of genetic polymorphism. Taking these facts into consideration an analysis was done of the inversion polymorphism and genetic loads of the O-chromosome in three populations of Drosophila subobscura sp. Observed data showed that in all three populations differences exist in the average viabilities of O-chromosome gene arrangements. The differences observed are a consequence of the uneven distribution of different viability classes among different O-chromosome gene arrangements. The uneven distribution is neither limited to the lethal viability class, but is characteristic to viability classes from the group of quasi normal’s too. The results obtained on the relation of the extent of the genetic loads and the frequencies of gene arrangements showed that the gene arrangements with a moderate and high frequency have the highest viability, i.e. the lowest extent of the genetic load. Observed results also showed that more complex gene arrangements (O3+4, O3+4+i) had the higher viabilities values than gene arrangement without inverted regions (Ost). These results point to high degree of coadaptivity of chromosomal inversion polymorphism in Drosophila subobscura.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
DOES THE PRESENCE OF B CHROMOSOMES AFFECT TAXONOMIC DETERMINATION IN THE GENUS APODEMUS (RODENTIA, MAMMALIA)?
Jelena Blagojević i Mladen Vujošević
Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade
The presence of B chromosomes in the yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis was analyzed in 320 adult animals from four localities in Yugoslavia. Our aim was to assess the effects of B chromosomes on certain morphometric characteristics. The characters that were chosen are included in the taxonomic discrimination of this particular species as well as the sibling species Apodemus sylvaticus. B chromosomes were found in all localities in frequencies raging from 21.6% to 42.9%. It was established that the relative length of the tail (the body/tail ratio) was significantly increased in the presence of B chromosomes. This index demonstrates geographic variability, however, in general the studied specimens had longer bodies than tails. It was ascertained that different frequencies of animals with B cliromosomes change the slope of the regression curve of the length of foramina incisiva (FI) relative to the distance from the 3rti upper molar to the incisor (IM3). This finding questions the validity of use of this relative value in taxonomy without taking into consideration karyological data.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
Fraxinus ornus L., SEXUAL POLYMORPHISME AND RAPD MARKERS
S. Bojović, Ph. Heizmann# M. Barbero*
Srbijašume - Institute of Forestry, Kneza Višeslava 3, 11030 Beograd
tel: 553 355, e-mail: bojos@ptt.yu
#Reconnaissance Cellulaire et Amélioration des Plantes, UMR 9938-CNRS-INRA. Ecole
Normale Supérieure-Lyon. 46 allée d'ltalie, 69364 Lyon, France
*Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie. CNRS-UPRES A 6034, Av.
Escadrille Normandie Niémen, 13397 Marseille, France
Flowering (or Manna) ash (Fraxinus ornus L.) is a mainly a Mediterranean tree species of wide ecological amplitude. In terms of floral biology Fraxinus ornus L. shows an extremely rare form of sex expression - androdioecy; defined by a simultaneous presence of male and hermaphrodite flowers on separate individuals (presence of male and hermaphrodite individuals in populations). It is a rare and original system, both from theoretical and from empirical points of view. The possible sex differentiation between male and hermaphrodite individuals was examined by PCR-RAPD (Polymerase Chain Reaction-Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) molecular genetic markers.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INTRA-AND INTER-POPULATION VARIABILITY IN HARE (Lepus europaeus PALLAS)
Ljiljana Vapa, Dragana Obreht, Milan Vapa*, Deana Demjen
Institute of Biology, Trg D. Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad.
*Faculty of Agriculture, Trg D. Obradovića 8. 21000 Novi Sad
One important aspect in the complex field of genetic resources conservation is measuring of amount and distribution of genetic variation withir populations and species of wild animals. Attention should be paid to the loss of alleles caused by selective hunting, founder effect, genetic drift, poaching and reintroduction of species. In order to evaluate genetic variability in hare in northern Vojvodina, samples from four populations were analyzed by standard polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-three isozyme loci were analyzed, and only 8 of them were polymorphic. It was found that average heterozygosity was H=0.107 and polymorphism was P=0.043, suggesting high rate of intra and inter population homogeneity. The gene erosion is a main problem in game breeding and presented type of analysis could serve as a method for monitoring of genetic diversity.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GLIADIN ALLELIC VARIATION AND DIVERSITY OF AGRONOMIC PROPERTIES IN WHEAT
Dimitrijević Miodrag1, Knežević Desimir2, Petrović Sofija1
1 Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad
2 ARI SERBIA, Small Grains Research Center, Kragujevac
The sample of 77 wheat varieties was analyzed for presence of gliadin alleles Gli Bib. Gli B11, Gli D1b. and Gli D2b. Agronomic trait differences were compared, testing examined genotypes grouped due to presence or absence of these gliadin alleles in the genetic background.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
"AFILA" GENE EFFECTS ON ABSOLUTE SEED MASS IN PEAS (Pisum sativum L.)
Đorđević Radiša, Zdravković Milan, Zečević Bogoljub, Sretenović-Rajačić Tatjana
Agricurtural Research Institute "Srbija", Center for Vegetable Crops, Karađorđeva 71,
11420 Smederevska Palanka, cfvcsp@eunet.YU
The "af" gene, at its recessive homozygous stage, causes the modification of the pea leaves so that they only form vines with stipules instead of normal structure leaves. In order to investigate the effect of the "afila" genotype on the absolute seed mass of the descendants, the pea variety Filigreen of the afila type was crossed with 12 other varieties possessing normal leaf structure.
The genetic analysis of F1 and F2 generations (the segregation ratio between the normal and afila leaf type being 3:1) proved the monogenic character of this feature. The absolute seed mass in F1 generation, which was characterised by normal leaf structure, was larger in the parents of both pea types.
In F2 generation that possessed normal leaf structure, the absolute seed mass was 2% higher on the average than the one in parents, while it was 6% lower as compared to the F1 generation. The average absolute seed mass in afila pea plants was 5% lower than it was in their parents, and when compared to the F1 generation, the absolute seed mass was 12% lower. The decrease of the absolute seed mass in F2 generation of the afila genotype was conditioned by the reduction of the assimilation surface of the plant.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INFLUENCE OF ANTIOXIDANTS ON FERTILITY AND FECUNDITY OF D. melanogaster
Jelena Živanov-Čurlis, Stevo Najman, Estera Mrčarica
Department of biology with human genetics, Medical faculty Nis
Because of importance of effects of free radicals on many living functions we used the preparation Protectin (Zdravlje Leskovac) which consist of several antioxidants in order estimate how much they can affect fertility and fecundity of D. melanogaster. In this purpose we used two lines of flies. Experimental (E) line is grown on medium having Protectin, and line is grown on standard medium served as a control (C). Protectin consists of antioxidants as alpha-tocopheryl acetate, vitamin C, beta-carotene and selenium. Parental generation was grown on medium with antioxidants also. In E line was 1,75% sterile males, and sterile females were not found in estimated pairs. In C line was found 1.75% sterile males and 2,63% sterile females. Average fecundity was 36.56 hatched flies per female in C line, and 58,22 hatched flies per female in E line. Also, it's found many unusual tiny flies in E line offspring. According to our results antioxidans from Protectin reduces sterility and increases fecundity in D. melanogaster.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
VARIABILITY AND CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF FRUIT CHARACTERISTIC OF SELECTED VINEYARD PEACH (Prunus persica L. Batsch.)
Gordan
Zec, Radmila Todorović. Petar Mišić. Slavica Čolić
"PKB INI AGROEKONOMIK" Fruit and Grape Research Station Padinska Skela, Beograd
Native populations of vineyard peach in Serbia represent a rich source of genetic variability which can contribute to the improvement of economically the most important characteristics of nowadays growing varieties and rootstock of peach. Vineyard peach seedlings are. by Misic and coll. (1988.) the most important rootstock for peach in our country. By statements of Scorca et. al. (1984.), genetic variability of the newest peach varieties in the world is extremely limited.
During 1994. and 1995.. it was investigated 12 positive genotypes of vineyard peach selected from several populations in Serbia. In this work fruit characteristics of investigated selections, are presented. Among investigated selection, fruits of round and oval shape are dominant. It is represented several groups with different peel color, mesocarp color, as well as with different leaf color before falling. From total of 12 genotypes, 6 are without additional peal color and without red coloring of mesocarp around stone, while the other 6 has the additional color and red coloring represented in a different level.
On the basis of calculated coefficient of rank correlation it was obtained statistically very important correlation between basic fruit peel color and fruit mesocarp color, between the additional peel color and mesocarp color around stone, as well as between mesocarp color around stone and leaf color before falling.
Coefficient of fruit weight variation was 15,4%, while coefficient of stone weight was 10,7%. Average seed germination ranged from 68% to 108%. The results of coefficient of rank correlation confirm the former proved correlation between pigments presence in leaf and mesocarp of peach fruit (Ackerman and Hough, 1950.). Diversity of investigated fruit and leaf characteristics of vineyard peach point to distinct variability of selected genotypes.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF SOME QUANTITATIVE TRAITS OF AUTOCHTONOUS CABBAGE POPULATIONS (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.)
Mirjana Ivančević, Tatjana Sretenović-Rajičić, Nenad Pavlović, Jasmina Zdravković
Agricultural research Institute "Srbija", Centre for Vegetable Crops, Karadjordjeva 71, 11420 Smederevska Palanka, cfvcsp@eunet.yu
In order to determine the initial material for breeding aimed at obtaining favourable agronomic features, we investigated nine local populations and one cabbage variety. The trial was set up on an experimental plot of the Centre for Vegetable Crops in Smed. Palanka by applying the method of random block system in five replications during the years 1997 and 1998. Interdependence of the traits (rosette diameter, number of leaves per rosette, plant mass, head diameter, head height, core length , stem length , and head mass) was determined by coefficient of correlation (Hadzivukovic, 1991). Coefficients of correlation demonstrated a high positive correlation ratio between the traits head mass -plant mass (r = 0.769). The lowest positive correlation ratio was found for the traits rosette diameter - core length (r = 0.142). The trait number of leaves per rosette was in negative correlation with the head diameter (r = - 0.309) and the head height (r = - 0.280).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ATYPICAL PHENOMENA IN WALNUT ORGANOGENESIS
Janković Dragan, Janković Slađana
Faculty of Agriculture, Pristina
The knowledge of growth and development of individual organs and fruit tree as a whole is a major prerequisite for defining and proper application of cultural practices in fruit growing. In ecophysiological terms, walnut has marked specificities which are shown through organogenesis cycle, which distinguishes it from the majority of other fruit species. The proper understanding of these aspects in walnut growth and development is aggravated due to the complexity of organogenesis, pronounced proneness to cross-fertilization, heterozygosity and prevailing generative mode of propagation.
The evaluation and clarification of atypical phenomena in walnut organogenesis, which in some cases occur on individual trees every year, and in others sporadically, often induced by ecological factors, enables a better insight into the available gene fund in a certain population and a better understanding of mechanisms of expression of genes controlling walnut growth and development.
Over several years of investigation of domestic walnut population, the following atypical phenomena were recorded: late flowering, formation of racemose inflorescences containing up to 20 female flowers, formation of hermaphrodite inflorescences with fertile female flowers at the base of the inflorescence axis and male flowers near its apex, differentiation of various types of bearing branches from summer buds, formation of male bearing branches on which all the buds are differentiated into catkins (including terminal), development of catkins with a V-shaped axis, development of leaves with coalesced and deformed leaf blades, formation of fruit with three-part, four-part and five-part shell suture and corresponding kernel segmentation.
Many of these phenomena are associated with high cropping potential, hence detection and fixation of genes controlling them offer new possibilities for increasing both theoretical and real walnut yields.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GROWTH HABIT FORMS IN P. communis L. POPULATION IN THE IBAR - KOLASIN REGION
Slađana Janković
Faculty of Agriculture, Pristina
Studies were carried out in 1995-1998 on differing growth habit forms in wild pear population (P. communis L.) in the region of the Ibar Kolašin. This spontaneous population, derived by generative propagation, consists of several thousands of bearing trees aged 20-200 years and is highly heterogenous.
The evaluation of growth habit was carried out through monitoring the following parameters:
- tree vigour:
- presence and development of the central leader;
- number and development of primary scaffold branches;
- brandling angles of primary scaffold branches;
- overgrowing of primary scaffold branches by the branches of the higher order;
- characteristics of overgrowing branches.
A marked variability in all the mentioned parameters was observed within the evaluated population. Differing forms of growth habit have been determined and classified into main types and subtypes. The paper presents a detailed schematic presentation of selected growth habit forms, as well as corresponding photodocumentation.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
POPULATION GENETICS INVESTIGATIONS OF PTC TASTING SENSIBILITY FROM SOME LOCALITIES IN SERBIA
Krajinčanić1, B., Krajinčanić-Suzović V.2, Cukić R.3, Ninković D.3
1 University of Belgrade
2 Health Centre Zemun Department of Mental Health
3 Faculty of Defectology, University of Belgrade
In our investigation of somatic and genetic characteristics of children and youth in some localities of Serbia, which are geographical}' far from one another and different according to the degree and origin of the population, we investigated PTC tasting sensibility.
The investigation included 2268 children population from East. West, North West and North part of Serbia from 7-14 years old.
Mean taste threshold for PTC in Eastern Serbia (Laznica and Zagubica) is 6.04. Western (Zlatibor - Cajetina) 5.68, West river Morava (Velika Drenova) 7.58, North Western(Novi Pazar) 6,13 and Sjenica 6,77 and Northern (Surdulica) 6.95.
Comparing the data we have found out that our results are in accordance with the other authors in our country and according the frequency of recesive phenotype "non taster" and recessive alelogen (pt) certain difference exists.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
FREQUENCY OF HAND CLASPING FROM SOME LOCALITIES IN SERBIA
Krajinčanić-Suzović V.1, Krajinčanić B.2, Čukić R.3, Gašić-Marušić R.4
1 Health Centre Zemun Department of Mental Health
2 University of Belgrade
3 Faculty of Defectology University of Belgrade
4 Military Academy Belgrade
Within doing of children and young people some localities of Serbia, the whole series of genetic markers were studied beginning with polygenic height and growth structure trough colour and hair quality, eye colour the presence of Darwin's tubercle and state of lobule in concha, hand relief-dermatoglyphics up to very strong monogenic markers such as blood group systems ABO, Rh( D ) and MN, then PTC and finger overlapping.
In this paper we present results of finger overlapping from children 7-14 years old. These characteristics inherited dominant when left finger is over right and recessive when right is over left. Comparing the data we have found out that frequency of left and right type is around 50%, and in there's no greater differences in distribution between man and woman and the investigated population.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION IN POPULATIONS OF Merodon avidus (ROSSI, 179) (DIPTERA: SYRPHIDAE)
Milankov V., Vujić A.. Simić S., Ludoški J.
University of Novi Sad, Institute of Biology Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2. 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia
Natural populations of M. avidus from Mountain Dubasnica (Serbia), Morinj (Montenegro), Mountain Durniitor (Montenegro), Mavrovo lake (Macedonia) and Pindos Mountain (Greece) were assayed. Isozyme variability of twelve loci (B.C. number and locus): aldehyde oxidase (1.2.3.1; Ao), mmarate liydratase (4.2.1.2; Fum), glucosephosphate isomerase (5.3.1.9; Gpi), hexokinase (2.7.1.1; Hk), malic enzyme 1.1.1.40.; Me), phosphoglucomutase (2.7.5.1; Pgm) and superoxide dismutase (1.15.1.1.; Sod) was studied in Tris-Boric-EDTA buffer system, while aspartate amino transferases (2.6.1.1.; Aat), α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (1.1.1.8; Gpd-1, Gpd-2), (β-hydroxybutirate dehydrogenase (3.1.1.31; Hbd), and isocitrate dehydrogenase (1.1.1.42; Idh-2) in Tris-Citric buffer system, using the method of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) according to Munstermann (1979) with a few modifications (Milankov el aL 1998).
Genetic differentiation between populations of M. avidus was evaluated on the basis of allele frequencies.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS AMONG THE MEMBERS OF THE AENEUS GROUP SPECIES OF GENUS MERODON (DIPTERA: SYRPHIDAE)
Milankov V., Vujić A., Simić S.
University of Novi Sad, Institute of Biology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Jugoslavija
The genus Merodon is the second-largest European genus of family Syrphidae. More than 50 species are known on the continent, predominantly in southern and Mediterranean part. This paper deals with one monophiletic species group that includes: Merodon aeneus complex Meigen, 1822: M. cinereus (Fabricius, 1794); M. Desuturinu,s Vujic, Simic et Radenkovic, 1995, and M. funestus (Fabricius, 1794).
Natural populations of M. aeneus (Morinj, Mountain Kopaonik, Mountain Dunnitor), M. cinereus (Mountain Kopaonik, Mountain Durmitor, Mountain Sar planina. Mountain Prokletije), M. desuturinus (Mountain Kopaonik), M. funestus (Morinj) and M. sp (Morinj, Mountain Dunnitor) were assayed. Isozyme variability of fumarate hydratase (E.G. 4.2.1.2.; Fum). glucosephosphate isomerase (E.G. 5.3.1.9.; Gpi), hexokinase (E.G. 2.7.1.1.; Hk), malic enzyme (E.G. 1.1.1.40.; Me), phosphoglucomutase (E.G. 2.7.5.1.; Pgm) and superoxide dismutasc (E.G. 1.15.1.1.; Sod) was studied in Tris-Boric-EDTA buffer system, while aspartate amino transferases (E.G. 2.6.1.1.; Aat). α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (E.G. 1.1.1.8.; Gpd-1, Gpd-2), β-hydroxybutirate dehydrogenase (E.G. 3.1.1.31.; Hbd). isocitrate dehydrogenase (E.G. 1.1.1.42.; Idh-1, Idh-2) and malate dehydrogenase (E.G. 1.1.1.37. Mdh) in Tris-Citric buffer system using the method of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) according to Munstermann (1979), Pasteour et al., 1988, with a few modifications (Milankov et al., 1998).
Evolutionary relationships among the members of the aeneus group species was evaluated on the basis of allele frequency, as well as occurrence of species-specific allozymes at diagnostic loci.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
VARIABILITY OF FREQUENCY OF SCEs AND PRI IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES IN CONTROL SAMPLE OF YUGOSLAV POPULATION
Olivera Milošević1, Dragoslav Marinković2, Slobodan Arsenijević3
1 Faculty of Science, Kragujevac
2 Faculty of Biology, Belgrade
3 Clinic of Gynecology, Kragujevac
In the present study, we represented baseline frequencies of sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) and prolipheration index (PRI), depending on sex and age of individuals. It was shown distribution of SCEs and PRIs between individuals, and also, between groups of individuals, as well as correlation between these two phenotypical features. Analyzed sample included 46 phenotypically healthy persons. Total average frequencies of SCE-s and PRI were 6.97±0.10 and 1.77±0.07, respectively. In group of female individuals with average age of 35 years, average SCE frequency was 7.33+0.10 SCE per person, that is statistically significantly higher (p<0.001) in comparison with sample of male persons with average age of 29 years (6.57±0.1 SCE per person). In sample of female persons average PRI was lower (1.70±0.()8) as compared with male persons (1.87±0.07), but without statistical significant. In order to establish effect of age mid sex on SCE and PRI frequencies, analyzed sample was allocated in three groups. In sample of persons with age from 40-63 years, SCE frequencies were significantly lower (p<0.001). Significant differences in PRI noted between age groups (p<0.001). SCE and PRI showed negative correlation (r=-0.01).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INFLUENCE OF ANTIOXIDANTS ON PREADULT DEVELOPMENTAL DURATION OF D. melanogaster
Stevo
Najman, Jelena Živanov-Čurlis, Estera Mrčarica
Department of biology with human genetics, Medical faculty Niš
Many researches indicate the role of free radicals in different phases of ontogenic development, embryonic as well as aging. Drosophila melanogaster is frequent model for these researches. Using preparation Protectin (Zdravlje, Leskovac) with antioxdative vitamins we wonted to see how much antioxidants from food can modulate preadult developmental duration of D. melanogaster. In this purpose two lines of flies are investigated. Control line (C) was grown on standard medium, and experimental one (E) was on medium having Protectin, which consists of antioxidants as alpha-tocopheryl acetate, vitamin C, beta-carotene and selenium. E line is formed from flies that parental generation was grown on medium with antioxidants. First lan as were apeared third day since laying eggs in C line, but fifth day in E line. First pupas were apeared seventh day in C line, but nineth day in E line. Average duration of preadulted development in C line was 14,54 days, and in E line was 16,67 days. Differences in duration of preadult development between these two lines are statistic significant. We may conclude mat antioxidants in medium in given concentrations prolong preadult development of D. melanogaster.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ALLOZYME VARIABILITY IN Quercus robur L. AND IDENTIFICATION
POSSIBILITY WITHIN THE POPULATION
Dragana Obreht1, Saša Orlović2, Joška Erdesi3, Ljiljana Vapa1
1 Institute of Biology, Trg D. Obradovica 2, 2 1000 Novi Sad
2 Poplar Research Institute, Antona Cehova 13, 21000 Novi Sad
3 Forest Enterprises Srbijasume, Forest District Sremska Mitrovica, 22000 Sr. Mitrovica
During 90's a broad EU supported project concerning diversity of nuclear and cvtoplasmic gene-markers in oaks was established. The obtained results showed that populations were poorly differentiated for nuclear but highly differentiated for cytoplasmic markers. Despite the fact that polymorphism of isozymes in genus Quercus is usually low, an isozyme loci variability analysis in Common oak (Quercus robur L.) from Yugoslavia was performed because it has an economic importance in our country, and there is no such information from this European region. Seventy-six common oak trees (seed orchard, fifteen years old) were analyzed originated from locality "Banov brod", near Sremska Mitrovica. The isozymes were extracted from dormant buds, and ten isozyme loci were analyzed based on standard gel electrophoresis (starch and polyacrilamide). Four loci were polymorphic with different number of presented allelic forms, and they control the expression of enzymes with low substrate specificity (EST. PX. and ACP). The variability of chosen gene-marker system didn't allow identification of genotypes within the population.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
DISTRIBUTION OF THE KNOWN DIPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBERS OF SOME EUTHERIAN GENERA PRESENTED IN THE FAUNAS OF CONTINENTS AND OCEANS
Boro P. Pavlović i Nevenka Pavlović
Institute of Forestry, Kneza Viseslava 3, Belgrade
Faculty of Science, Mladena Stojanovica 2, Banja Luka
The data of Eutherian diploid chromosome numbers (2n) have been connected with genera and with faunistic presentation of the genus. The analysis has accomplished by geographic entirety: North America, West India, South America, Madagascar, Africa, Europe, Arctic, Asia, Southeast Asia, Philippine, New Guinea, Australia, Antarctic, Indian Ocean and Pacific. Pattern of 2n distribution is specific for nearly each analyzed area. There is some regularity in grouping of the areas on the base of maximal frequencies, averages or variations of 2n, related to the origin of fauna and to clime conditions of the area.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ECOLOGICAL STABILITY OF YIELD COMPONENTS IN WHEAT
Petrović Sofija1, Dimitrijević Miodrag1, Mladenov Novica2 i Kraljević-Balalić Marija1
1 Institute for Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad
2 Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
Ecological
stability of ten diverse wheat genotypes, in four years, was studied. Traits
under the observation were the number of grains per spike, as well as, grain
weight per spike. The highest average value for the grain number per spike
exhibited variety Martonvasarska 15 (
= 58.1) in 1991/92.. in a contrast
to variety Balkan ( = 30.5) showing the lowest
mid-value in 1994-95. Mean values of grain weight per spike ranged from = 1.1g,
for variety Balkan in 1994/95., to = 2.8g, for variety NSR-2 in
1991/92 year. Eberhart and Russell (1966) model was used for stability studies.
The most stable varieties were Libelulla (bi= 1.364 and Sdi2=
1.688) and Lovrin 21 (bi = 1.005 and Sdi2=1.656)
considering grain number per spike. The best stability performance for grain
weight per spike appeared for varieties NSR-2 (bi = 1.041 and Sdi2=
0.289), as well as, Yugoslavia (bi = 0.862 and Sdi2=
0.155).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
MONITORING OF TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF CHROMOSOMAL ARANGEMENTS IN Drosophila subobscura
Vuk Savković2, Marko Anđelković2,1
1 Institute for biological research "S. Stankovic", Belgrade
2 Faculty of Biology. University of Belgrade
Time distribution monitoring of individuals within a certain habitat allows an insight into correlation between certain types of genetic polymorphism and specific ecological factors, which inevitably vary along with the time of day.
Inversion polymorphism in some Drosophila species demonstrates a degree of flexibility regarding a reaction to changes of ecological factors. There is an abundance of data related to rich inversion polymorphism in Drosophila subobscura, enabling different judgments on the correlation mentioned.
Bearing that in mind, we have carried out an inversion polymorphism analysis of D. subobscura individuals captured at different times of day at beech forest habitat at the Goc mountain. The time of capturing has been adjusted according to the differences of circadial activity in this species.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
REACTIVITY OF CABBAGE (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) ON PARAQUAT IN VITRO
Tatjana Sretenović Rajičić, Mirjana Ivančević, Jasmina Zdravković, R. Đorđević, M. Damjanović
Agricultural Research Institute "Serbia", Centre for Vegetable Crops, Smederevska Palanka
The aim of our study was to investigate genetic component of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) reactivity on total herbicide paraquat in vitro. We used shoot culture of few cabbage genotypes as a model system suitable for this experiment. Examined parameters were root number, root length, shoot length, fresh and dry mass. We established analysis of variance for these parameters, wide sense heritability (h2), coefficient of phenotype variation (CVf), correlation and regression analysis.
Heritability was very high at all parameters, especially at fresh and dry mass (h2=92%). The most variable parameters are number of roots (CVf=29.36) and root length (CVf=26.57). Root number, root and shoot length are significantly correlated. At P295 and P6p genotypes, there is almost physiological dependence between these parameters (b=0.99**). Regression coefficients of dry on fresh mass are very high at all examined genotypes (from bp295=12.60 to bP6p= 17.39).
Changes induced by paraquat are highly determined by genetic component of variance, which is indicated by coefficient of heritability. Paraquat reduced all examined parameters. Similarity in profile of reaction on paraquat and very strong correlation between growth parameters indicates that these parameters are determined by structural polygenes and that these are constitutive characteristics. Differences in intensity of changes that paraquat induces in growth of shoot culture indicate that there are some differences between examined genotypes in regulatory polygenes that determine expression of these changes.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
BIODIVERSITY OF THE HONEYBEE Apis mellifera, Linne (1758) - CYTOGENETIC ASPECTS
Z. Stanimirović, Jevrosima Stevanović, D. Pejović, D. Popesković
Faculty of veterinary medicine, Belgrade
This paper presents the results of the comparative biometric studies of the chromosomes and comparative ultrastructural chromosomal analyses (the distribution of euchromatin and heterochromatin) of the two studied indigenous honeybee ecotypes (the Banate - BET ecotype and Sjenichko - Peshtersky - SET ecotype). These ecotypes originate from ecogeographically defined Yugoslav regions that differ significantly in many microgeografic and microclimatic elements.
The chromosomes for the cytogenetic analysis were obtained from nervous tissue of the cerebral ganglia of honeybee praepupaes according to the procedure established by Imai et al. (1988). G - banding of chromosomes was done by the method of Ronne (1991), which in itself presents a modification and an improvement of those established by Seabright (1971) and Verma (1998).
The conducted biometric analyses point to the existence of differences in those values pertaining to the relative chromosome length and centromere index (arm ratio). The greatest differences in the relative lengths of chromosomes were observed between the chromosomes 12, 2, 3, 1 and 6 in favour of the SET ecotype, namely 15, 14 and 11 chromosomes in favour of the BET referential ecotype. However, the monitoring of the centromere index revealed the greatest differences between the chromosomes 16, 1, 2 and 4. On the basis of these results we advanced the hypothesis that the observed chromosomal biometric differences are the result of the amplification and rearrangement of chromosome regions of the representatives of the studied honeybee ecotypes. This is what prompted us to undertake further investigations which included ultrastructural chromosome analyses. These analyses point to the existence of a marked difference in the G - band distribution on the chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 11, 12, 13, 15 and 16 of the SET honeybee ecotype with relation to the BET ecotype, thus confirming our previously advanced hypothesis.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE INVESTIGATIONS OF CHROMOSOME POLYMORPHYSM IN THE NATURAL POPULATIONS OF THE SPECIES Mus musculus, Linne (1758), ON THE TERRITORY OF THE EX YUGOSLAVIA
Z. Stanimirović, B. Soldatović, Jevrosima Stevanović
Faculty of veterinary medicine, Belgrade
The study of chromosome polymorphysm in the natural populations of the species Mus musculus, Linne (1758), was conducted at 45 sites on the territory of the ex Yugoslavia, south of the rivers Sava and Danube. The examined corpus included 458 trapped and sacrificed animals (231 males and 227 females). At the industrially more developed localities, where the degree of the environmental contamination was much higher, the trapping of the animals had to be repeated several times.
The chromosomes intended for the karyotype analysis were obtained by the direct puncture of bone marrow from long tubular bones (the femur and humerus) according to the method of Hsu and Pat on (1969), modified by Zimonjic (1990), and by the lymphocyte cell culture from the peripheral blood in vitro according to the method of Evans and O'Riordan (1996, 1997). In order to obtain prometaphasal chromosomes the synchronization with bromdeoxyuridine was performed according to the procedure of Dutrillaux and Viegas-Pequignot (1981). G-banding was done according to the method of S e a b r i g ht (1971) and Y un i s (1978), modified by R o n n e (1991).
The identification of chromosomes and chromosome bands was done on the basis of the criteria established by the Committee on Standardized Genetic Nomenclature for mice (1972, 1979) and the Cowell's photo atlas of the house mouse chromosomes.
The obtained results proved the existence of chromosome polymorphysm of Robertsonian type in the natural populations of the species Mus musculus not only in Dalmatia, Montenegro and southeastern Macedonia, as known from the existing literature (Bulic and Soldatovic. 1980; Tichy at al. 1987; Winking et al. 1988) but also in the central (bosnia and Herzegovina) and eastern parts of the ex-Yugoslavia (Serbia). At the analyzed sites in Serbia 60. 20% of the examined animals were either homozygous for the chromosomes with Robertsonian translocations; in Bosnia and Herzegovina it appeared to 59,45% and in Macedonia to 52,05% of the examined animals.
With the identification of the Robertsonian chromosomes we ascertained that, in addition to the "mutual" Rb. 5/15 chromosome already described in literature relevant for the natural populations of the species Mus musculus from Europe and North Africa (Giagia et al. 1982; Tichy at al. 1988), the mice of the natural populations from the sites in Serbia contained in their karyotype a so far unknown, new form of the Robertsonian chromosome, formed by fusion of the 4th and 19th autosomes (Rb. 4/19). In the karyotype of the animals originating from the localities in Maclwa and in the vicinity of Sremska Mitrovica was noticed the presence of a larger acrocentric chromosome, from the first pair of autosomes where, by applying the G-technique. 2 insertions were observed {1C 5 and IE (E3andE4)}.
Having in mind the fact that at the monitored localities m Yugoslavia both animals with Robertsonian translocations and mice with standard karyotype were trapped, it can be concluded that original populations of the species Mus musculus belonged to the subspecies Mus musculus musculus, and that the with the passing time, due to an introduction and migration of animals, the Robertsonian chromosomes from other populations of the "western system" (subspecies Mus musculus domesticus, Mus musculus bervirostrus, Mus musculus praetextial) were introduced into and spread among the new populations. The centres of the spreading of Robertsonian polymorphysm were, most probably, along the Adriatic coast and in southwestern Macedonia, from where animal, the carriers of the Robertsonian chromosomes, migrated towards the central parts of the ex-Yugoslavia, otherwise inhabited by the populations of Mus musculus musculus, whose representatives had the karyotype with 2n = 40 chromosomes, i.e. were monomorphic.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE EFFECT OF TRAUMA ON THE HAPTOGLOBIN, α2- MACROGLOBULIN, IL-1, IL-6 I TNF CONCENTRATIONS IN AO AND DA INBRED RATS
Milica Strnać1, Zvonko Magić2, Cedomir Radojičić2 i Dragoslav Marinković3
1 Institut of Patology, MMA, Belgrade
2 Institut for Medical Research. MM A, Belgrade
3 Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade
The response of on organism to the trauma is polygenically determined and probably some genes or a group of genes are more responsible than others for the resistance to trauma. Reaction of an organism to trauma starts with acute-phase reaction (APR) that consists of the local and systemic reaction. Increased synthesis acute-phase proteins (APP) in the liver represent the most prominent aspect of APR. This is the heterogenous group of plasma proteins which helps an injured organism to restore homeostatic balance disturbed by traumatic agents. Haptoglobin (Hp) and α2-macroglobulin (α2-M) are among the most important APP rats. In this study AO (Albino Oxford) and DA (Dark Auguslin) inbred strains of rats, with different resistance to trauma, were used to compare concentrations of Hp, α2-M, IL-1, IL-6 and TNF, before and after tournique trauma. Cytokines IL-1. IL-6 and TNF are the most important inducers of APP gene expression. Our results showed that before trauma, more resistant AO rats had higher concentrations of Hp and α2-M compared to DA rats, while their concentrations in the early period after trauma were lower. The influence of genetic elements of these differences is significant. Tourniquets trauma caused early increase in the serum IL-1, IL-6 and TNF activities, which preceded increase in the Hp and α2-M concentrations but strain differences, were not found. On the basis of these results we concluded that higher basal concentrations of Hp and α2-M in the AO rats and their effect in the early period of trauma are important elements of their better response to trauma.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC VARIABILITY OF MORPHOMETRICAL TRAITS IN A D. subobscura POPULATION ACROSS DIFFERENT DEVELOPMENTAL TEMPERATURES
IvanaTomišić1, Marina Stamenković-Radak 2,1, Tatjana Terzić1 i Marko Anđelković2,1
1 Institute for Biological Research, Belgrade
2 Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade
Populations of various species may be exposed to temperature changes in the environment. Populations may respond to such variations at the phenotypic and genetic levels. The array of phenotypes that develop in response to several environments is the reaction norm which is observed through the concept of genotype x environment interactions.
Reaction norms across three developmental temperatures (16°C, 19°C and 23°C) were measured for wing length, thorax length and wing/thorax length ratio, in both sexes in isofemale lines from D. subobscura population.
The adaptive significance of the observed variability in different environments is discussed.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
MICRONUCLEUS ASSAY IN TO HUMAN BIOMONITORING
Gordana Joksić, Miroslava Stanković
"Vinca", Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, POB 522, Medical Protection Center
Biological markers are divided into three major categories: exposure, effect and susceptibility. Genetic monitoring is mainly concerned with markers of exposure and effect, while genetic screening is concerned with susceptibility. Peripheral lymphocytes are the cell population of choice for most genetic monitoring studies because they are readily obtainable from a blood sample. One of the major advantages in using circulating lymphocytes is their contact with many body tissues, thus providing a more integrated measure of biological response of exposure.
In this paper we present the results of micronucleus test performed in three groups of persons occupationally exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation. Micronuclei analysis considers 43 persons handling unsealed sources of ionizing radaition and 40 controls. Values recorded for the frequency of micronuclei (MN) in the group handling organically bound tritium 0.035±0.019 MN per binucleated cell, 0.021+0.029 MN per binucleated cell in the group of workers handling 201T1 and 0.17±0.6 MN per binucleated cells in the group handling 99mTc. The average incidence of micronuclei in matched controls was 0.011+0.04 MN per binucleated cell. The yield of micronuclei in exposed workers was significantly higher (p<0.05) compared with their matched controls. The yield of micronuclei in the group dealing with organically bound tritium was significantly higher (p<0.005) as compared to other two groups of exposed subjects. The results are discussed with respect to individual variations in the response to low doses of ionizing radiation, disorders in the handling of radionuclides, the duration of occupational exposure and chemical properties of the radionuclides used.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE EFFECTS OF DISTURBED ENVIRONMENT ON NATURAL POPULATIONS OF RODENTS
Miroslava Veličković, Jelena Blagojević i Mladen Vujošević
Institute
for Biological Research "S. Stankovic", Belgrade
The effect which the environment, disturbed by antropogenic action, exerts on genetic structure of natural populations is possible to assess only by using combined ecogenotoxicological approach. In such investigation first of all it is necessary to establish standards for populations from unpolluted environment. Populations of rodents were chosen for such investigations due to their lugh abundance and wide distribution. We have chosen the following species due to their frequent presence at the most localities: Apodemus agrarius, A. flavicollis, A. microps and Clethrionomys glareolus. The first approach was to establish the level of spontaneous chromosome aberrations in populations of all species studied. Tins was done following the rules of the genotoxicity test which is done in vivo on laboratory mouse. The second approach was based on the morphometric analyses of discrete cranial characters (foramina). There are a lot of data showing that environment pollution can disrupt developmental stability. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) is accepted measure for estimating the level of developmental stability. The results obtained in populations from unpolluted environment, both chromosome aberrations and level of FA, were statistically analysed against the same parameters for populations from disturbed environment.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTIGENOTOXIC EFFECT OF SAGE IN PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC TEST-SYSTEMS
Branka Vuković-Gačić1, Tatjana Stević1, Jelena Knežević-Vukčević1, Dragana Mitić1, Dejan Brkić2, Jelena Blagojević3, Marko Anđelković3, Draga Simić1
1Laboratory for Microbiology, Faculty of Biology. University of Belgrade
2 Institute for Medicinal Plant Research "Dr Josif Pancic"
3 Department of Genetics, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade
Detection of inhibitors and modulators of genotoxic agents and elucidation of the mechanisms involved in protection in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are aimed at prevention of cancer. There is extensive evidence about antigenotoxic effects of medicinal and aromatic plant extracts. Based on our previous research, differently prepared extracts of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) were extensively tested. Comparative study of antigenotoxic potential was conducted with ethereal oil of sage and its fractions. The reliable battery of tests was used: Escherichia cali K12, Salmonella typhimurium (Ames test), Saccharomvces cerevisiae D7, Drosophila melanogaster SLRL test and in vivo test of induction of chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow of mice.
All sage extract tested showed inhibition of mutagenesis in bacterial short-term tests. Screening in higher eukaryotic organisms was performed with ethereal oils of sage, whose fractions showed inhibitory effect on UV-induced mutagenesis in lower eukaryote S. cerevisiae. In our experimental conditions neither genotoxic nor antigenotoxic effect of ethereal oil was recorded in D. melanogaster, but UV-induced sterility of males was significantly reduced.
Moreover, the preliminary results indicate that induction of chromosomal aberration by mitomycin C in mice bone marrow in vivo was inhibited by ethereal oil of sage.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF GESTAGENS ON MICRONUCLEUS FREQUENCY IN HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES
Olivera Milosević1, Darko Grujičić1, Dragoslav Marinković2, Slobodan Arsenijević3,
Smilja Banković3, Aleksandar Živanović3, Aleksandra Dimitrijević3
1 Faculty of Science, Kragujevac
2 Faculty of Biology, Belgrade
3 Clinic of Gynecology, Kragujevac
Since gestagens are widely used in gynecology. we decided to determine the genotoxic effect of these preparations by using CB micronucleus test. Analyzed sample consisted of 30 pregnant women. Frequency of MN was determined before and after applied therapy, as well as in 15 newborns, whose mothers received therapy during their pregnancies. Average MN frequency in patients after applied therapy (20.14±1,33 MN/1000 analyzed binuclear cells) was increased 1,5 time as compared with average MN frequency in the same patients before therapy (13,00±1,16 MN/1000), with statistical significance p<0.001. Correlation between doses and MN frequency after therapy was positive (r=0,33).
In order to establish the effect of different doses of gestagens on MN frequency, analyzed sample was allocated in to three groups. Results showed that the average MN frequency increased significantly (p<0,001), after therapeutic treatment in all three groups in comparison with average MN frequency in the same groups before therapy. The highest increase in MN frequency was found in group of patients treated with high doses of gestagens: 2000-8400mg. Average MN frequency in sample of newborns whose mothers received therapy (16,47±2.42 MN/1000) was increased 3 times as compared with MN frequency in control sample of newborns (5.27+0.59 MN/1000).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
EVALUATION OF GENOTOXIC AND MITOGENIC EFFECTS IN CULTURES OF HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES TREATED WITH INSULIN
Ninoslav Đelić1, Bogosav Soldatović1, Marko Anđelković2
1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Beograd, Bul. JNA 18, 11000 Beograd
2 Faculty of Biology, University of Beograd, Akademski Trg 16, 11000 Beograd
Insulin is a major anabolic hormone in mammals. Overwhelming evidence indicate that insulin increases DNA synthesis and cell cycle kinetics of various cultured cell lines [1]. Mitogenic effects of insulin may contribute to the development of cancer. Having in mind that genetic lesions underlie most of the known malignant diseases, our opinion is that genotoxicological characterization of insulin should be performed. In vitro genotoxicity of insulin by standard cytogenetic and sister-chromatid exchange techniques pointed to negative results [2]. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate possible aneugenic and/or clastogenic effects of human recombinant insulin in cytochalasine-blocked micronucleus assay. In addition, analysis of mitotic and proliferation indices were used to examine effects on cell cycle kinetics of cultured human lymphocytes.
Human recombinant insulin (Inutral® HM-100, ICN Galenika, CAS No 11061-704) was tested in seven experimental concentrations in a range from 10-10 M to 0,75x10-5 M. These concentrations correspond to physiological, therapeutical and 30 fold maximal therapeutical doses in human medicine.
On the ground of the obtained results it can be concluded that insulin exerts maximal mitogenic effects at concentration of 10-8 M. On the other hand, in vitro micronucleus test confirmed the absence of genotoxic effects of human recombinant insulin.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INFLUENCE OF CLOPROSTENOL ON CELL CYCLE KINETICS IN CULTURED HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES
Ninoslav Đelić, Bogosav Soldatović, Dijana Đelić
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Beograd, Bul. JNA 18, 11000 Beograd
Cloprostenol, the synthetic analogue of prostaglandin F2 alpha, is widely used in veterinary medicine (i.e. estrous synchronization in cattle). Previous experiments in our laboratory [1] revealed the absence of genotoxic effects of cloprostenol in cytogenetic tests in vitro and in vivo, whereas in SCE in vitro lest cloprostenol exhibited genotoxic potential [2]. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate possible cytotoxic or mitogenic effects of the same concentrations of cloprostenol, using the analysis of mitotic and proliferation indices [3].
At the beginning of incubation 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine was added to cultivation vials, whereas the staining of metaphase spreads was performed according to a slight modification of FPG technique (Perry mid Wolff. 1974).
The obtained results have not revealed significant changes in mitotic index. In addition, on the basis of proliferation index analysis it is evident that cloprostenol has not changed cell cycle kinetics of human lymphocytes in culture. Therefore, these results are in agreement with assumption that cloprostenol can not exhibit carcinogenic effects by modulation of mitotic divisions in target cells.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INVESTIGATION OF GENOTOXIC EFFECTS OF CARISOLV™ GEL
Biljana Burić, Z. Stanimirović, Biljana Marković
Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
A revolutionary drug for the treatment of caries disease Carisolv™ (a painless process without the use of a drill), provided by Medi Team from Sweden, represents a real advancement in modern stomatology. Its significant properties lead us to analyze its genotoxic potential and mutagenity.
The influence of Carisolv™ on the occurrence of structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations in vitro was examined in cultures of human peripheral blood. The lymphocyte cultures were treated with tree concentrations of Carisolv™ therapeutic dose- 1 mg and subtherapeutic doses 0.5 mg and 0,1 mg. Negative as well as positive controls were included.
The occurrence of chromatid and chromosomal breaks and gaps was evaluated among the structural aberrations, as well as the occurrence of aneuploid and polyploid cells among numerical aberrations. We used Evans and O'Riordan (1976) methods for the culturing and preparation of human lymphocytes, modified by Zimonic (1990). Cell culturing and preparation for differential imaging of sister chromatides were used according to the procedures of Perry and Evans, revised by Zimonic (1990).
Within the range of the tested concentrations, Carisolv™ did not induce significant alterations in the occurrence of structural and numerical aberrations, compared to the negative control level. At the same time a stimulating effect on the proliferative cell activity was observed at the therapeutic dose of 1 ml of Carisolv™. This dose brought about a highly significant increase in the mean value of the mitotic index, (p<0,001) compared to the control.
On the basis of the results obtained it is obvious that Carisolv™ did not produce genotoxic effects in the tested concentrations.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS MONITORED IN RADIATION WORKERS
Gordana Joksić, Miroslava Stanković
"Vinca", Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Medical Protection Centre, POB 522 Belgrade
The health surveillance of radiation workers has been performed for many years in our country. During the 5 years. 256 persons occupationally exposed to ionising radiation were referred to our Institute for the investigation by cytogenetic analysis. Of these, 98 were associated with industrial uses of radiation, and 158 were from health institutions. Health workers considered in the survey are categorised into several major groups according to the type of application with which they are involved: radiologists (27), dark room technicians (71). nuclear medicine (26) and medical workers performing invasive methods in X-ray diagnostics (34). The average duration of occupational exposition was in the range from 9.6±4.7 to 17.8±4.5 years. All radiation workers monitored during 5 years period have used TL dosimeters for external exposure measurement. The TL dosimeters were worn on the trunk of chest level. The total annual doses to radiation workers varied between 2.6 and 33.6 mSv: the lowest was found for industrial technicians the highest for workers in invasive X-ray diagnostics. The relatively high annual average doses were recorded in persons performing invasive radiological diagnostics in cardiology (catheterisations) and urology (percutaneous drainages). No evidence of radiation exposure, as indicated by dicentric chromosomal aberrations in blood lymphocytes, was found in 196 persons: in the group of dark room and industrial technicians. In the remainder chromosomal aberration yields were mostly consistent with low doses, which is below the statistical limit of reasonable accuracy for the technique. The most serious cases investigated were among workers in invasive X-ray diagnostics where 50% were dicentric positive. Moreover in 4 of dicentric positive persons (cardiologists) few heavily damaged cells were found that is unrelated to radiation and are probably due to virus infections (human polyoma viruses), which appears to be serious addition professional risk.
No correlation between the incidence of structural chromosomal aberrations and the duration of occupational exposure was found (r=0.34, p<0.05). Statistically significant correlation was recorded between the incidence of chromosomal aberrations and source of radiation used (r=0.66, p<0.05), as well as with doses recorded on TL dosimeters (r-0.54, p<0.05).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ANALYSIS OF CHROMOSOMAL STATUS OF SUBJECTS OCCUPATIONALLY EXPOSED TO RADIONUCLIDES
Dubravka Jovičić1, Snežana Milačić1, Radomir Kovačević1, Mitar Novaković2
1 Clinical
Centar of Serbia, Institute of Occupational Medicine and Radiological
Protection "Dr Dragomir Karajovic" Deligradska 29, Belgrade
2 School of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, Banja Luka
It has been evidenced that ionizing radiation induces certain changes in chemical constituents of cells. As a result, structural changes may ensue that can affect the cellular biological functions. The results of long studies of individuals occupationally exposed to radionuclides are presented in this study. A group of professionals working in nuclear medicine (99 subjects work with open sources of radiation) are studied. Cytogenetic studies have shown a different frequency of chromosomal aberrations in certain study periods. Significant increase of the frequency was recorded in the period 1995-96 when the percentage ranged from 19. l% to 10%. The following chromosomal aberrations were noted: dicentric, ring chromosomes and acentric fragments. In 1997 professional working in nuclear medicine did not exhibit unstable chromosomal aberrations, probably because our sample was very small.
A wide spectrum of radiosotopes has been used in nuclear medicine. Therefore, care should be taken to educate the personnel appropriately as well as to provide the adequate working space for radionuclide studies, together with maximum protection of occupationally exposed subjects.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS INHIBITION BY ETHEREAL OIL OF SAGE (Salvia officinalis L.)
Jelena Knežević-Vukčević, Tatjana Stević, Dragana Mitić, Branka Vuković-Gačić, Draga Simić
Laboratory for Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade
Mutations play a central role in fundamental biological processes such as evolution, genetic diversity, aging and carcinogenesis, so induced mutagenesis is extensively studied. A variety of chemical mutagens and carcinogens have been detected in foods, medicines, cosmetics, insecticides, and even in the atmosphere and water. The study of inhibitors and modulators of the effects of environmental genotoxic agents is aimed at understanding the mechanisms involved in the protection against mutagens and carcinogens.
It is shown that active substances from medicinal and aromatics plants posses antimutagenic and anticancerogenic activity. Our work is designed to detect bioantimulagens, agents that prevent mutagenesis by modulating DNA repair and replication, in ethereal oil of sage. We used specially constructed E. coli K12 assay system for the detection of bioantimutagens and their possible mechanism(s) of actions (Simi) et al.. 1997: 1998). To exclude desmutagens factors that act directly on mutagens or their precursors and inactivate them, we used UV-irradiation as a mutagen.
Experiments have shown that ethereal oil of sage inhibits both spontaneous (25%) and UV-induced mutagenesis (53%) by inhibiting SOS induction and stimulating recombination.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GENOTOXIC EFFECTS OF GASTROGAL 10 TIAMUL1N S AND CARBADOX IN VITRO
Biljana Marković, Z. Stanimirović, Jevrosima Stevanović, N. Jovanović
Faculty of veterinary medicine, Belgrade
The genotoxic effect of the antibiotic preparations Carbadox. Gastrogal 10 and Tiamulin S was examined, as well as their ability to induce numerical and structural chromosomal aberration in cultures of pig peripheral blood. The antibiotics were tested at the therapeutic doses (Carbadox - 40 μg/ml, Tiamulin S - 100 μg/ml and Gaslrogal 10 - 100 μg/ml). In addition, we tested the doses which are 25% and 50% less than the therapeutic one (Carbadox - 10 (μg/ml and 20 μg/ml, Tiamulin S - 25 μg/ml and 50 μg/ml. Gastrogal 10 - 25 μg/ml and 50 μg/ml). Each experimental cycle included a control culture. The procedure concerning the treatment of the media and preparations for differential staining of sister chromauds for analysis sister-chromatid exchange frequencies, was done in accordance with the technique of Perry and Evans (1975), with slight modifications by Zimonjic et al. (1990). In vitro analyses of the cytogenetic effects of the antibiotic preparations Carbadox, that Gastrogal 10 and Tiamulin S indicated each tested dose induced transformations of the karyotype of pigs lymphocytes - numerical chromosomal changes (aneuploidy, polyploidy) and structural chromosomal changes of the lesion and break type.
The total number of cytogenetic changes in pig lymphocytes, induced by the tested pharmaceuticals, was statistically highly significant in comparison with the control. The same significance was noticed after a mutual comparison of the cultures treated in vitro with different doses of the same preparation, which pointed to different intensity of the genotoxic potential, as well as to the correlation between the dose increase and their ability to induce cytogenetic changes.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ANTIMUTAGENIC POTENTIAL OF ROSMANOL-9-ETHYL ETHER, OSAINE AND POMIFERINE
Dragana Mitić1, Tanja Berić1, Branka Vuković-Gačić1, Jelena Knežević-Vukčević1, Ratko M. Jankov2, Draga Simić1
1 Laboratory for Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade
2 Laboratory for Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade
The study of active substances from medicinal and aromatic plants has revealed that the variety of compounds, such as vitamins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids. etc., posses antio.xidative activity. These natural antioxidants and their metabolites can modulate the mutagenesis process, inhibit the initiation step in carcinogenesis and interfere with tumor promotion and progression. In this work we tested antimutagenic potential of terpenoid fractions of cultivated and wild sage (Salvia officinalis L.) with different proportion of rosmanol-9-ethyl ether, one of the most active natural antioxidants. In addition, two compounds purified from osage orange fruits (M. pomifera Rob.), pomiferine and osaine, having similar structure but differing in their antioxidative potential were tested. Antimutagenic potential due to antioxidative properties was screened using two prokaryolic test systems: Salmonella typhimurium TA98 strain, hisD3052rfaΔ (uvrB-bio)/pKM101, for detection of induced hisD3052→His+ reversions and Escherichia coli K12 IB106 strain, argE3 mutT::Tn5, deficient in repair of oxidative damage of guanine nucleotide (8-oxo-G), for detection of spontaneous argE3 → Arg+ reversions. TA98 strain was treated with ethidium bromide (EtBr), with or without metabolic activation and the reduction of induced reversions was monitored. BHT was used as model antioxidant.
Antimutagenic effect against EtBr-induced mutations was observed in all fractions tested. The strongest antimutagenic effect was observed with CO: re-extract of cultivated sage E2/5, containing 40% of rosmanol-9-ethyl ether. Pomiferine is stronger inhibitor of EtBr-induced mutagenesis compared to osain, which is in good correlation with the difference in their antioxidative potential. The significant reduction of the frequency of spontaneous mutations in mutT strain was obtained only with E2/5.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
COLONISATION OF WHEAT BY PSEUDOMONAS AND MARKER GENES
Danica Mićanović1, Penny Hirsch2, Philip Curnow2. Vera Raičević3 i Desimir Knežević1
1 ARI "SERBIA", Center for Small Grains. 34000 Kragujevac, Yugoslavia
2I IACR Rothamsted, AL5 2JQ Harpenden, England
3 Faculty of Agriculture, 11080 Belgrade, Yugoslavia
The ability to colonize wheat by determinate strain in soil, in competition with the total soil microflora, was investigated with three mutants of strain Pseudomonas which containing marker genes (insert B20 with nptll gene confers resistance to both neomycin and kanamycin-colection of microbiological lab IACR Rothamsed).
Number of bacteria was obtained from bulk soil, rhizosphere/rhizoplane, rhizoplane using phase contrast microscopy. Mutants were detected using selective agar for Pseudomonas with neomycin and the genetic diversity with molecular genetic method PCR.
On the rhizoplane, number of all three mutants where similar at about 104 per 3cm root, but the total heteretroph population varied so that the proportion of mutants appeared to vary from 6.3% for PCM40074 to 20% for PCM40313, to 84% for PCM40326. This could be due occasion but by observation of 24 colonies of heterotrophs isolated on TSA, 10 were positively identified as PCM40326 (using ERIC-PCR and antibiotic-resistance phenotype on selective agar) and indicates that it may be more competitive than the other two mutants.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ANALYSIS OF GENOTOXIC AND MUTAGENIC EFFECT OF APITOL®
D. Pejović,
Z. Stanimirović, B. Soldatović
Faculty of veterinary medicine, Belgrade
Apitol® is a commercial preparation based on cymiazol hydrochloride (Evrotom -Ruma, Yugoslavia). It represents an ectoantiparasitic - antivarootic (praparation against Varroa jacobsoni - honeybee mite). This drug has a systemic effect on honeybee haemolymph inducing death of adult parasites. Apitol® is widely used in treating honeybee varosis and this is what prompted us to undertake some investigations of this drug.
Experimental investigations of genotoxic effects of Apitol® were performed on the human lymphocytes of the peripheral blood. The lymphocyte cultures were treated with three concentrations of Apitol8 (therapeutic dose and two subtherapeutic doses). The in vitro experiment was conducted according to the procedure of Evans and O'Riordan (1976, 1977) modified by Zimonjic et al. (1990). The procedure concerning the threatment of the media and preparations for differential staining of sister chromatis, was done in accordance with technique of Perry and Evans (1975) modified by Zimonjic (1990).
Very significant increase in the mitotic index was obtained for therapeutic dose, compared to the control. Therapeutic dose also induced significant frequency of structural chromosomal changes of the lesion and break types. Significant deviation in SCE frequency are obtained in experimental cultures (more than 13 exchange per chromosome), compared to the control (about 4 exchange), which point to genotoxic potential of Apitol.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INVESTIGATIONS OF CYTOTOXIC AND GENOTOXIC EFFECTS OF LEVAMISOLE® IN VIVO
Z. Stanimirović, Jevrosima Stevanović, M. Kulić, D. Pejović
Faculty of veterinary medicine, Belgrade
Levamizol is an antihelminthic drug produced by ICN-Galenika, Yugoslavia, (Catalog No.: 155228) which is widely used in veterinary medicine for roundworm infection. This is what prompted us to undertake some investigations of this drug.
The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of levamisole hydrohloride were examined on seven weeks old male Wistar rats. These rats were divided into tliree groups. The control group was treated with saline. The experimental animals were injected intraperitoneally with two therapeutic doses of the antihelminthic (2,2 mg levamisole hydrohloride per kg b. w. and 4,4 mg levamisole hydrohloride per kg b. w.) during the seven day treatment period. The chromosomes necessary for the cytogenetic analysis were obtained by the direct puncture of bone marrow from long tubular bones, according to the method of Hsu and Paton (1969), modified by Zimonjic et al. (1990).
In order to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of the examined drug, the mitotic index was determined as well as structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations. Both tested doses of levamisole hydrochloride induced an increase in the mitotic index, numerical chromosomal changes (aneuploidy, polyploidy) and structural chromosomal changes of the lesion, break and insertion types. Insertion was observed on the first pair of autosomes between bands q21 and q22. Our results point at certain genotoxic potentials of the tested concentrations of levamisole hydrohloride.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CYTOGENETIC EFFECT OF FUMAGILLIN-ET® ON HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES IN VITRO
Jevrosima Stevanović, Z. Stanimirović, D. Pejović
Faculty of veterinary medicine, Belgrade
Fumagillin dicyklohexilamin is a crystal antibiotic, produced from the culture of one strain of Aspergillus fumigatus. Because of its wide use ir veterinary medicine (acute and chronic bee nosemosis), and in treatment of intestinal amebiasis in humans, too, the investigations of the cytogenetic effects of this drug were undertaken. The effects of the commercial preparation Fumagillin-et® (Evrotom - Ruma, Yugoslavia) on the occurrence of structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations was examined in cultures of human peripheral blood. The in vitro experiment was conducted according to the procedure of Evans and O'Riordan (1976, 1977) modified by Zimonjic et al. (1990). The lymphocyte cultures were treated with three concentrations of fumagillin (0.8 mg/ml, 0.4 mg/ml and 0.08 mg/ml). Each tested dose of Fumagillin-et® induced numerical chromosomal changes (aneuploidy) and structural chromosomal changes of the lesion and break types.
The cytogenetic study of metaphase spreads of PHA-stimulated human lymphocytes also involved the determination of the mitotic index for each experimental concentration and control. The obtained results showed that tested concentrations of Fumagillin-et® induce antiproliferative effect that is manifested with a decrease in the mitotic index, compared to the control.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
BREEDING POTENTIAL OF EARLY MATURITY LOCAL MAIZE POPULATIONS
Gordana Radović, Dražen Jelovac, Jasmina Muminović
Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje
A study of local maize genotypes of a shorter growing season is primarily important for a development of initial breeding material, for deriving hybrids for the northern maize growing regions, hybrids grown at higher altitudes, as well as for hybrids grown as a second crop in the Com Belt regions.
In addition to early maturity, properties of this material, that are generally important for breeding, are notable early growth, specific plant structure, shorter plant with lower number of leaves thus enabling greater crop density, resistance to frost, reduced soil fertility requirements of crop, etc.
Approximately 40% of local maize genotypes of the national maize collection, conserved at the Genebank for Maize of the Maize Research institute Zemun Polje, belong to early and medium early maturity populations of flint and semi-flint kernel type. This material is genetically very diverse, as it was derived from several successive introductions of original genotypic races from the Middle, North and South America. During the last four centuries, different ecotypes were developed through inter-crossing, selection and adaptation to new conditions on the territory of the former Yugoslavia.
Two groups of populations of a different origin, collected from various geographical regions of the country, were observed in this study with the aim to determine their interrelations.
The group of Montenegrin flints originates from the earliest introduced flint races from the Middle America that expanded widely over Montenegro and the Adriatic cost, as well as at higher altitudes. The group of populations classified as Derived flints was developed from the introduced types from the North America that spread over the Middle Europe, reached northern and western parts of the country and expanded further to the east and the south.
Based on both the morphobiological characterization and the multivariate statistic analysis it was determined that studied populations distinguished from one another, as well as that populations belonging to groups of different origin were genetically distant.
Regarding the importance of heterosis for maize breeding, these results could be used in developing synthetic populations, which could express heterosis when crossed. Populations of both the Montenegrin flints and the Derived flints could form a new heterotic pair in a pre-breeding programmed.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC POTENTIAL OF SEED GERMINATION IN FORAGE CROPS CULTIVARS IN THE FIFTH YEAR OF THEIR LIFE
Z. Tomić, Lugić Z.. Sokolović D.
Agricultural Research Institute "Serbia", Center for Forage Crops, Krusevac
Genetic potential of seed vigor and germination declines with age. The aim of investigations was to establish genetic potential of seed vigor and germination in the most important and prominent forage crops. Elite seeds of new cultivars from the Center for Forage Crops, Krusevac were tested. Cultivars of perennial grasses were as follows: cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cv. K-R. meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) cv. K-21. Italian reygrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) cv. K-29 tetra and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cv K-20. Cultivars of perennial legumes were as follows: alfalfa (Medicago saliva L.) cv. K-22, red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) cv. K-32 tetra and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) cv. K-33. Seeds were planted on experimental plots of the Center in 1994 and harvested Hie following year. Seed germination was established by standard laboratory methods in the harvest year. The same samples were analyzed for germination successively per year and in the fourth year of their life, respectively. The results were processed by the analysis of variance and tested by LSD-test. In the harvest year the results for vigor and germination are beyond minimal requirements set by legal provisions for these species seed trade (85-95%). Seed vigor and germination declined statistically significantly with seed age. In perennial grasses, tall fescue cultivar retained highest seed germination (75%) after 5 years of life, while meadow fescue cultivar exhibited best seed germination (34%). The cultivar of cocksfoot retained its germination ability of 65% and Italian ryegrass of 67%. In legume cultivars very significant difference was found in seed germination per year of life. Seed germination of white clover was most reduced, even to 50%, while that of red clover (82%) and alfalfa (76%) remained at the germination level, when seeds can be also used in the fifth year. The results demonstrate that genetic potential of seeds of perennial grasses and legume cultivars is a critical factor that needs to be considered a limiting one in seed use value throughout further selection activities for creating new cultivars.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
BREEDING SUNFLOWER FOR RESISTANCE TO DOWNY MILDEW (Plasmopara halstedi (Farl.) Berl. et Toni) AND BROOMRAPE (Orobanche cernua Loefl./Orobanche cumana Wallr.)
Branislav
Dozet, Dragan Škorić, Radovan Marinković
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, M. Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad
The paper reports the results we have thus far achieved in introducing genes for resistance to downy mildew and broomrape into sunflower line HA-19. Our use of convergent crosses based on transgressive recombination has proven very suitable as a method for incorporating resistance genes into standard sunflower lines. The x2 test has shown the inheritance of resistance to be controlled by a single dominant gene. The results have also confirmed that the presence of broomrape in plant materials can be diagnosed very early in the season using a modification of the Pancenko method. In the present study, an assessment made 40 days after sowing showed that broomrape plants were for the most part well developed by that time.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETICS OF THE JUVENILE PHASE OF TREE GROWTH AND THE ASPECTS OF SHORT-ROTATION PLANTATION ESTABLISHMENT
Aleksandar Tucović, Vasilije Isajev i Milan Mataruga
Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade
The complexity of tree organization their longevity, mechanism of reproduction, heredity, variability, senescence and their dependence on environmental factors result in the fact that we still do not have a generally accepted theory of tree ontogeny. The orientation to short-rotation plantations directs the genetic research to the juvenile stage of ontogeny. Simultaneous research of ontogeny at several levels, i.e. species, population, individual organisms and cells, is the base for a faster creation of the concept of tree ontogeny. Different levels of the study of tree ontogeny have some disadvantages but also they have some advantages, which will probably stimulate further, primarily experimental, research. A very significant property is the high potential of seeds, seedlings and juvenile plants compared to productive (superior) genotypes, whose multiplication results in a narrower evolution potential. The experiments in individual organisms and at the level of cells contribute to the enhancement of the concept of genetic control of ontogeny, which is based on molecular genetics and information theory.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
STRATEGY AND PREVIOUS RESULTS OF PEDUNCULATE OAK (Quercus robur L.) BREEDING IN YUGOSLAVIA
Sasa Orlović1, Joška Erdeši2, Srbislav Radivojević2, Zoran Obućina2, Gojko Janjatović2
Agricultural Faculty Novi Sad, Poplar Research Institute. Antona Cehova 13, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia, E mail. sasao@polj.ns.ac.yu
2 Forest Enterprises "Srbijasume" Forest District Sremska Mitrovica
The forests of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) are economically most valuable forests in Europe. In Yugoslavia they occur naturally in the valley of the river Sava, and less in the valleys of the rivers Danube and Morava. The breeding of this species in Yugoslavia started by selecting the phenotypically superior genotypes in the populations of Ravni Srem. The main criteria for the selection were the straightness of stem and low susceptibility to mildew (Microsphaera alphitoides). They were used in the establishment of the clonal seed orchard on 7 ha at the locality "Banov brod". According to the preliminary research of half-sib progeny from this seed orchard, they are characterized by heterotic growth. In the following period, we plan the selection of new genotypes from natural pedunculate oak populations, from which, together with the existing seed orchard "Banov brod", new seed orchards will be established.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
SELECTION OF DOMESTIC WALNUT (Juglans regia L.) FROM NATURAL POPULATION
M.
Mitrović, M. Nikolić, D. Ogašanović, Z. Tešović
Fruit and Grape Research Centre, Cacak
Yugoslavia has an abundant population of different walnut biotypes from natural population. Current production is primarily based on these types. Many important walnut cultivars resulted from the types selection from natural population. Clonal selection, introduction of walnuts from all over the world and the grafting technology led to significant progress in walnut growing in Yugoslavia.
Since 1980, several dozen of most interesting walnut types from natural population from the whole territory of Serbia have been selected, evaluated and described at Fruit and Grape Research Centre, Cacak. They are all distinguished by differing traits: early, mid-early or late-flushing, excellent cropping, resistance to pests and diseases, lower susceptibility to winter frosts, fruit quality (size, kernel percentage, kernel colour, etc).
Some of the selected types have been presented in this paper: 8/81- Vraćevšnica, 32/82 - Donja Koritnica. 41-9/82 - Poružnica, 9/82 - Bogutovac, 1/90 - Kablar, 16/93 -Jezdina, 5/95 - Viča, and 7/98 - Prijevor.
Their major economic-biological properties are presented in the paper.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY AND RELATIONSHIP OF SOME GROWTH AND SLAUGHTER CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PERFORMANCE TESTED GILTS
Nenad Brkić1, Živorad Gajić2, Milovan Pušić1
1 Institute
for Scientific Research and Transfer of Technology in Agriculture PKB "INI
-Agroekonomik", Beograd - Padinska Skela
2 Faculty of agriculture, Beograd – Zemun
Evaluation of the breeding values as a result of performance tested gilts was carried out at the farms "Vizelj" and "Ratari" and at the both farms the tested gilts achieved the body weight of 103.81 kg at the average daily growth rate of 0.491 kg within the period of 209.25 days. At the end of the test live animals were measured by ultrasound machine (PIGLOG 105) and it was found that the average backfat thickness was BT1 20.09 mm. BT2 15.25 mm and BTA 17.67 mm, the average muscle depth was MLD 45.25 mm and the average lean meat content was 52.92%. The gilts F1 generation Swedish Landrace x Large White (SLxLW) achieved better results concerning growth rate and lean meat content indications in comparison with the gilts purebreed Svedish Landrace (SL), while statistically significant differences were found out by the t-test (P<0.01) between the breeds all tested characteristics except for the backfat thickness SL1 and muscle depth (MLD), where the results were statistically nonsignificant (P>0.05).
High heritability is noticed with the characteristic indicating backfat BTL BT2 and BTA as well as the lean meat content (h2 0.561 to 0.776), while the depth of MLD shows low heritability (h2 0.077) and the daily growth rate shows medium heritability (h2 0.254). The established genetic correlations between the backfat thicknesses are complete (rg 0.972 up to 0.993) as well as between the backfat thickness and the lean meat content where the correlations are negative and complete (rg -0.988 up to -0.999), while between backfat thickness and MLD are low and negative (rg -0.192 up to -0.299).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INFLUENCE OF SYSTEMATIC ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON GENETIC INDEXES AND RANK OF POTENCIAL SIRES
V.
Bogdanović1, Brkić N.2
1 Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun
2 PKB INI "Agroekonomik", Belgrade
In order to analyze influence of systematic environmental factors, data of 643 performance tested beef bulls were used. Three genotypes of Italian beef breed (Marchigiana. n=181; Chianina. n=240; Romagnola. n=222) have been covered by this research. Observed traits were average daily gain during the test and estimation of meatiness. Different sources of variation (breed, type of rearing, farm, group, twinning and parity) were included in two statistical models. Both models showed a very high statistical significance (P<0.001). Coefficients of determination of models were influenced by included factors and their range varied. In according to applied models a different value of genetics indexes were obtained. Main result of those differences was a different rank of bulls. The highest difference was obtained in rank for average daily gain during the test. It was concluded that the adequate determination of non-genetic source of variation in model might be of final importance for estimation of genetics index and rank of potential sires.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
UVOLOGICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF CLONE POPULATION IN CULTIVAR KABERNE FRAN
Avramov L., Milutinović M., Jović, S., Žunić D., Maletić Radojka, Vujović D.
University of Belgrade- Agricultural Faculty – Zemun
In the Radmilovac region, at the Grocka vinedistrict, investigation of the F3 clonal generation of the cultivar Caberne Fran has been investigated. Examination was done during die period 1994 - 1998. The aim of this experiment was to create commercial clones of this cultivar. Uvological and technological investigations were done in two phases, and included following indexes: (a) phase I - During the period 1994 - 1998 following characteristics has been investigated: cluster weigh, number of clusters, grape yield, sugar content, total acid content: (b) phase II - During the period 1997 - 1998 mechanical analysis of cluster and berry with the following characteristics has been done: cluster composition, berry composition and cluster structure. During the II phase, wine characteristics have been investigated, and included following indexes: alcohol, extract, total acid content, sugar, ogranoleptical evaluation. Results of investigation showed that between examined clones existed very significant differences in majority of characteristics. Results were processed because of establishment of significance of differences. Following standard statistical methods were used: mean values, coefficient of variance, analysis of variance, LSD test, discriminate analysis, etc.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CYTOGENETIC STUDY OF THE SPECIES Helianthus rigidus AND ITS F1 HYBRIDS WITH THE CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER, Helianthus annuus
Jovanka Atlagić
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad
Helianthus rigidus (Cass.) Desf. is a hexaploid sunflower which is a potential source of resistance to pathogens and high protein content in seed.
We have crossed many populations of the species with lines of the cultivated sunflower and we obtained four F1 hybrid combinations (1-9 plants in each) and five BC1F1) combinations (1-11 plants in each).
Male sterility was registered in F1 and BC1F1 interspecific hybrids. Pollen viability was reduced in the progenies as compared with the parents (27 57-71.83% in FI and 2.41-72.63% in BC1F1).
The meiosis preceded normally in the H. rigidus populations under study. Numerous irregularities occurred at meiosis in the F1 hybrids. At diakinesis, bivalents prevailed (88.29% of the meiocytes) but quadri-, uni- and hexavalents were also noted. Dislocated chromosomes and chromosome bridges were present in the other meiotic stages. All F1 plants had 68 chromosomes each. In the case of BC1F1 hybrids, high percentages of uni-, quadri- and hexavalents occurred in meiocytes at diakinesis. BC1F1 plants differed in chromosome numbers.
The registered meiotic irregularities in F1 and BC1F1 interspecific hybrids between H. rigidus and H.annuus are indicative of genetic divergence, i.e., of non-homology in the sunflower genome.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC VARIABILITY AND MODE OF INHERITANCE OF YIELD COMPONENTS IN MAIZE INBREED LINES AND ITS HYBRIDS
Jan Boćanski1 i Zoran Petrović2
1 Faculty of Agriculture and Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
2 Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
Genetic variability was studied in twelve, maize inbreed lines for number of grain rows per ear, ear diameter and grain yield per plant. The mode of intheritance in F1 generation also was investigated, where standard statistical methods were used.
Obtained results in hybrids confirmed intermediary, parcialdominance, dominance and superdominance as a mode of inheritance in number of grain rows per ear. Superdominance was recorded in ear diameter and in grain yield per plant.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENE-FOR -GENE MODELING FOR WHEAT HYBRIDS RESISTANT TO PUCCINIA RECONDITA TRITICI
Jelena Bošković1, Bošković M.2, Pešić V.1
1 Faculty of Agriculture, Zemun-Beograd, Nemanjina 6, 11030 Zemun
2 Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad Trg D. Obradovica 8, 21000 Novi Sad
It was essential to found the methods for genetic differentiation of sources of resistance of wheat for our new differential of sources of resistance of wheat for our new approach in international survey of Puccinia recondita tritici Boolean modeling in gene-for-gene relationship was applied in genetic differentation. The methods of analysis included the infection type data, aegricorpus phenotypes which indicate aegricorpus, parasite and host genotypes in parasite: host: environment specificity,.
The hybrid wheat lines with two pairs of resistance genes from the program of accumulation of resistance genes to P. recondita tritici and conventional ratios 9:7 have been tested with three pathogen cultures.
63The lines NS-77/lxLr9, NS-26/lxLr9, NS-26/2xLrl9, NS-46/2xLr9, NS-94/2xLr9, NS-94/4xLrl9, with the pathogen culture Bg.s. 12/89, the lines NS-66/2xLr9, NS-77/l x Lr9, NS-37/3 x Lr24,NS-94/5 x Lr24 with pathogen culture Is.w./89, and the lines NS-32/1 x Lr9 i NS-46/3 x Lr24 with pathogen culture Chl.w. 14/89, with pathogen culture Clil.w. 14/89.
It is applied an expansion of Model II for listed hybrid combinations with two sets of corresponding gene pairs occurring in definitive (constant) environment, as well as in different environments. From the results obtained, it was clear that inclusion of different environment in the Model would alter the phenotypes ratios, but not genotype ratios. That means, the number of definitive genotype remain the same, whether or not environment is considered.
From the other side, the application of the gene-for-gene Models have shown much advantages toward conventional methods, since the slightest increase in either V or N results in a very large number or possibilities in genetic differentiation of sources of resistance.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
VARIABILITY AND HERITABILITY OF PLANT HEIGHT COMPONENTS IN SEVERAL DOMESTIC VARIETIES OF BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Mirjana Vasić, Jelica Gvozdanović Varga. Janko Červenski
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
Investigated in our three-year study were plant height, height of first pod formation, and productive plant height in ten domestic bean varieties. The study was carried out on bean varieties with colored grain (Zlatko, Sremac, and Slavonski Zeleni) and white grain (Biser, Medijana, Caleb, Panonski Gradistanac, Panonski Tetovac, Dvadesetica, and Belko). The greatest plant height was found in Biser, followed by Medijana, and Panonski Tetovac. The variety Caleb had the smallest height of first pod formation (14.4 cm). All the other genotypes formed the first pod at heights of more than 15 cm. The smallest productive heights were recorded in the colored varieties. The variability of the studied traits was not high. The analysis of variance suggested that the variety and year influenced all the components of plant height. Similar values of the coefficients of genotypic and phenotypic variation indicated that the traits were equally affected by genotypic and phenotypic factors. The presence of genetic heterogeneity for productive plant height in the varieties was confirmed by higher genetic coefficient of variation. Broad sense heritability values for all three traits were high.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
RAPD ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTS OF FUSION BETWEEN CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER AND Helianthus maximiliani (Schrader)
Dragana Vasić, Dragan Škorić, Gilbert Alibert*
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, M. Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad
*INP-ENSAT/UA INRA, Avenue de 1'Agrobiopole, BP 107, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, Cedex, France
In order to confirm hybrid nature of products of fusion between cultivated sunflower and H. maximiliani PCR analysis of regenerated calli and somatic embryos was done using RAPD markers characteristic for H. maximiliani. Presence of DNA fragments of this wild species was detected in 80% of analyzed embryos and 50% of analyzed calli. Since percentage of heterofusions was found to be 23% it could be concluded that culture conditions favour development of heterocaryons.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
MUTUAL DEPENDENCE AMONG COMPONENTS OF GREEN FORAGE YIELD IN VARIETIES AND POPULATIONS OF RED CLOVER (Trifolium pratense L.)
Sanja Vasiljević1, Gordana Šurlan- Momirović2, S. Katić1, V. Mihailović1, D. Lukić1, T. Živanović2
1 Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, M. Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad
2 Faculty of Agriculture, Zemun-Beograd
Analyses of variance and covariance have been used to assess coefficients of genetic and phenotypic correlations for components of green forage yield in varieties and populations of red clover. The intention was to establish relationships among the characteristics studied. The study included 17 varieties and 16 populations of red clover in the second year of growing. Samples (30 plants per genotype) for the analyses of components of green forage yield were taken at the stage of flowering of first umbels in the first cutting. Randomly selected 30 plants, i.e., 150 flowers per genotype, taken at the stage of full maturity of seed in the second crop, were used to assess the following characteristics: number of productive stems per plant, number of flowers per plant, number of flowers per umbel, number of seeds per umbel and seed yield per plant.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
EFFECT OF SYSTEMATIC FACTORS OF THE ENVIRONMENT ON THE VARIABILITY OF MILK PRODUCTION
Mirjana Vulić
Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad
Data about milk of Black and White cows during the first lactation served for appraisal of systematic effects of the environment. For that appraisal the least square (LS) method was used as defined by Harvey. There were 675 first lactations of cows originating from 18 sires, included in the investigation. Milk yield in first 100 days of lactation was on average 2319 kg, and in the whole lactation 6186 kg, while in the standard lactation it was 6058 kg. Butterfat content was 3.11, 3.22 and 3.21 per cent, respectively. The year and season of calving, as the farm also, significantly affected (P<0.01) on the milk yield, butterfat yield and content for the first 100 days, whole and standard lactations, respectively. The highest milk butterfat yield above general mean for first 100 days in the whole and standard lactation was achieved in cows calved in 1994. A positive effect on the butterfat content in the first 100 days, the whole and standard lactation achieved the cows calved in 1995. The cows which calved during the winter months (season I) had a higher milk and butterfat yield in relation to mean in the first 100 days in the whole and standard lactation. For the butterfat content the most favorable was the fourth season. The highest positive deviation from the mean of milk and butterfat yield, as well as on butterfat content in the first 100 days, the whole and standard lactation was in the farm 3.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
DIVERGENCE OF GENOTIPES FOR DRY MATTER YIELD IN GARLIC
Jelica Gvozdanović-Varga, Mirjana Vasić
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia
In this study we investigated the divergence of garlic genotypes regarding dry matter yields and production characteristics. Garlic genotypes had been collected around the Vojvodina province to study distribution and evaluate traits. According to the yield level, they could clearly be divided into autumn garlic and spring garlic. On the basis of cluster analysis (k-mean), furthermore, they were divided into five groups. The first group consisted of spring garlic ecotypes with the lowest dry matter yields and a dry matter content of 40.24%, the second of genotypes (both spring and autumn) with the highest dry matter yield (4.85 t/ha) and a very high dry matter content, and the third of the highest-yielding genotypes. Ecotypes with the highest yields did not also have the maximum yields of dry matter (3.52 t/ha). The results of cluster analysis enabled us to differentiate between genotypes for different breeding purposes.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
VARIABILITY OF SERBIAN SPRUCE (Picea omorika /Panč./Purkyne) POLLEN GERMINATION PERCENTAGE DURING 12-MONTH STORAGE
Branislava Grbović1, Vasilije Isajev2
1 S.E. "Srbijasume" - Institute of Forestry, Belgrade, Kneza Viseslava 3, 11030 Belgrade
2 Faculty of Forestry, University in Belgrade, Kneza Viseslava 1, 11030 Belgrade
This paper presents the results of the analyses of individual variability of Serbian spruce pollen, as well as variability of its germination percentage during 12-month storage in varying conditions. During two successive years pollen was collected from 25 test trees in Serbian spruce seed orchard at "Bela Zemlja" near Uzice (Serbia). During 12 months, by Kobel's in vitro method on 6 nutritive media, we analyzed the germination percentage of pollen kept at four different temperatures. The results of individual selection, as well as the analyses of the course of variability of pollen germination percentage and its potential conservation are significant for the study of Serbian spruce genetic cycle, as well as for hybridization purposes in the breeding program of this significant species.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
POPLAR SELECTION FOR SUPERIOR GROWTH
Guzina V., Orlović S., Kovačević B.
Poplar Research Institute, Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad
In the test with thirteen families of hybrid progenies of eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr.) and its hybrids with selected clones of Euramerican poplar Populus deltoides x Populus x euramericana, measured values of tree dimensions were analyzed and wood volume per ha after the sixth, ninth and eleventh year in the test were estimated. Significant differences between the progenies were determined in tree dimensions and estimated wood volume per ha, as well as a significant variability of these elements within the progeny. The above values were compared with the corresponding values of parent trees and with the trees of registered poplar cultivars grown as standards in the same test. Potential selection of clones with higher potentials of fast growth compared to registered cultivars of black poplars was discussed.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
IDENTIFICATION OF DONOR LINES FOR IMPROVING FRUIT YIELD OF K35 x K12 EGGPLANT HYBRID
Jelena Damjanović1, Maja Vračarević2, Bogoljub Zečević1 i Slaven Prodanović3
1 Center for Vegetable Crops, Smederevska Palanka
2 INEP, Zemun
3 Faculty of Agriculture, Zemun
The aim of this study was to identify donor line possessing the largest frequency of favorable alleles for fruit yield which should be used to improve an elite eggplant hybrid K35xK12. The fruit yield in elite hybrid, its parents and their hybrids with tree potential donor lines (K36/1, K11 and K22/2) was studied. The trials were set in Center for Vegetable Crops, Smederevska Palanka, in three replications. After measuring the fruit yield, the modified method for evaluation of relative loci values according to Dudley (1987) was applied. It was found that all lines had positive values of (μG' parameter. Line K11 had the largest value (2.38) and the lowest frequency (1.33) of unfavorable alleles on D class loci. It was also established that this line is more related to K35 parent (+7.81), so on the basis of μD' values, improvement should be done by backcrossing the elite hybrid. Hybrid progeny parent P1 (K35) x donor (K11) should be backcrossed with P1 to conduct selection and chose such genotype which will create more yielding fruits by hybridization with K12 line.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
PROTEIN MARKER POLYMORPHISM IN SET OF MAIZE INBRED LINES
Gordana
Demić, Snežana Mladenović Drinić i Kosana Konstantinov
Maize Research Institute, 11080 Zemun Polje-Belgrade
Embryo salt soluble proteins were isolated |from 15 maize genotypes, including both public lines and inbreds created at Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje". Association among analysed inbred lines has been determined from cluster analysis based on protein marker date. The UPGMA clustering method was used for hierarchical clustering and the necessary computation were perform using NTSYS-pc program. The protein based dendogram for 15 analyzed inbred lines, consisted of three major groups. First group consists of inbred lines derived from or related to BSSS germplasm; second group belong to Lancaster germplasm inbreds and third group are two public French inbred lines F2 and F7. The BSSS group consists of three subdivisions: B73 and B84; B73 Sbms and B73M; and A632 with L362. Inbreeds L326 and L227 were loosely aggregated with B73 and A632 related lines. Within the Lancaster group inbreeds association in two subdivisions of related lines have been obtained: lines L385 and Mol7 clustering together in one subgroup, while L395 and its progenitor L412 were in another. Grouping of inbreeds revealed by the present analysis generally agreed with the pedigrees of these lines.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ALFALFA: FROM POPULATIONS TO VARIETIES
Dragan J. Bukić, Dane Lukić
Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
The paper reviews the development and most important quantitative traits of the nine alfalfa varieties developed over last 50 years at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops of the Faculty of Agriculture in Novi Sad. The new varieties were developed mostly from indigenous materials - the Pannonian alfalfa type (Medicago sativa L.) and a population of yellow alfalfa (Medicago falcata L.). In long-term performance tests conducted in several locations and under different soil and climatic conditions, the new varieties exhibited a high potential for the yields of green forage and dry matter (73.3 t/ha and 18.3 t/ha, respectively) and high quality of dry matter (crude protein content of 18.74%).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CHANGES ON PROTEINS IN DIFFERENT SOYBEAN VARIETIES UNDER EFFECTS OF INCREASED TEMPERATURE
Slađana Žilić, Irina Božović, V. Bekrić i Snežana Mladenović Drinić
Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Zemun-Belgrade
Soybean proteins are mainly globulins. The seed proteins were separated into three major fractions with the average sedimentation coefficients of 2,2S, 7,5S and 11,8S. They were also encoded by the nuclear genome in the cytoplasm. Joint segregation of 1 IS subunit presence and absence fitted the theoretical ratio for independent inheritance among the three loci controlling subunits of the group I and subgroups IIa and IIb. The DNA fragments and complementary mRNA which given synthesis of the subunits of the 7S soybeans seed protein were extensively characterized. Soybean is one of the best sources of high quality plant protein. However, it also contains various antinutritional factors. In order to destroy proteolytic-inhibiting substances and urease it is necessary to heat the row seeds of soybean.
Seeds of genetically different soybean varieties (Brock and Kunitz) were used in this study. Changes on proteins after heating soybean seeds in the microwave oven observed in the experiments.
Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that the microwave heating caused almost identical changes of chemical composition in seeds of both observed varieties. Heating soybean seeds for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 minutes did not affect content of total proteins, but their denaturation after 2 minutes of heating was noticed. The content of water soluble proteins was reduced up to the 3rd minutes in both soybean varieties, but the maximum drop of solubility of 16.84% and 12.69% was noticed, in the varieties Brock and Kunitz after 2 minutes of heating.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
FLOWER TYPE IN F1 GENERATION RECEIVED BY HYBRIDISATION OF GRAPEVINE VARIETIES - DRENAK CRVENI X AFUZ-ALI
Žunić P., Bešlić Z.
Faculty of Agriculture, Beograd
The flower type is important biological characteristic of grapevine that exerts an influence on height and stability of yield. The low yield is result of loose grapes in cause of the female flower type. The varieties with female flower type do not have possibility of self-fertilization and their yield depends on presence of pollinator's pollen. One of the variety with female flower type is Drenak Crveni and it has high yield and quality' of grapes in case of optimal fertilization. The hybridization of Drenak Crveni and Afuz-ali was performing to create a new variety with hermaphroditic flower and better aerobiological characteristics. The result of researches shows that there are 42,5% seedlings with hermaphroditic flower and 51,5% with female flower. We received 11 plants with intermediate flower (female with upright pistils) in group with female flower. This results obtained prove the thesis of monofactorial determinism of the flower types in grape varieties. The varieties with female flowers are homozygous (FF) for that attribute. Pollinated by hermaphrodite heterozygous varieties they give in progeny approximately the same ratio of hermaphrodite and female plants.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
EFFECTS OF GENETIC PARAMETERS ON INHERITING THE NUMBER OF PODS PER PLANT IN BEANS (Phaseolus vulgaris L)
Zdravković M., Čorokalo D., Đorđević R. i J. Zdravković
Agricurtural research Institute "Srbija", Centre for Vegetable Crops, Karađorđeva 71, 11420 Smederevska Palanka cfvcsp@eunet.YU
We investigated four divergent bean genotypes (Biser, Caleb, Rozalija and Palanacki zlatno zuti) as well as their F, descendants obtained by diallel crossing - without reciprocal. The research was aimed at investigation of their mode of inheritance, gene effects, combining abilities and components of genetic variance.
As for the feature number of pods per plant, we recorded a highly significant variance of mean values of the parents and the hybrids. The calculated values of the additive component (D), were higher than the dominant components (H1 and H2) which suggested that the additive genes were prevailing for the feature inheriting the number of pods per plant. The mean degree of dominance (H1/D) was lower than 1, suggesting partialdominance. The highest value of specific combining abilities was recorded in the combination Biser x Rozalija. Heritability in broad sense was 95%, indicating high genetic factor effects in inheriting number of pods per plant.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INHERITANCE MODE OF FRUIT SHAPE IN TOMATO
Jasmina Zdravković, Marković Z., Zdravković M., Mirjana Mijatović
Agricurtural research Institute "Srbija", Centre for Vegetable Crops, Karađorđeva 71,
11420 Smederevska Palanka, cfvcsp@eunet.yu
By diallel crossings of 6 parental genotypes (D-150, S-49, S-35and H-52, Kg-z and SP-109) and their descendants obtained from these crossings (F1, F2, BC1 and BC2), we investigated the ratio between the horizontal and vertical diameter of tomato fruit which was represented by the index, i.e. tomato fruit shape. The inheritance mode of fruit shape in tomato was determined by the mean generation analysis (Mather and Jinks, 1982). The additive gene effects were the most significant in inheriting the fruit shape. Most frequently expressed effects were additive x dominance interaction, followed by additive x additive gene effects. The duplicate type of epistasis was relatively stable.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INHERITANCE OF YIELD COMPONENTS IN DIALLEL CROSSING OF DIVERGENT GENOTYPES OF PEPPER (Capsicum annuum L.)
Bogoljub Zečević1, Dušan Stevanović1, Slaven Prodanović2 i Radiša Đorđević1
1 Centre for Vegetable Crops, Smederevska Palanka
2 Faculty of Agriculture, Beograd
On the basis diallel crossing (without reciprocal) of six divergent genotypes of pepper (Palanacka babura, Macvanka, Palanacka kapija, Romana, Kobra i Feferona zuta ljuta), the mode of inheritance and the components of genetic variance were analysed for fruits weight and number of fruits per plant. The investigation was based on data of F1 generation. In the most of hybrids, the partial dominance was estimated as the mode of inheritance for both characters. The analysis of components of genetic variance has showed that the main part of genetic variance belongs to the additive gene effect for yield components .The high values of heritability indicated also more important role additive genes. On the basis calculated results it can be conclude that in the breeding of pepper for yield, it should be select of genotypes with high average values for fruit weight and number of fruits per plant.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
VARIABILITY AND COMPONENTS OF VARIANCE FOR PLANT HEIGHT IN DIFFERENT WHEAT CULTFVARS
Veselinka Zečević, D. Knežević, Danica Mićanović
ARI SERBIA. Center for Small Grains, Kragujevac, S. Kovacevica 31, 34000 Kragujevac
In this work was analyzed height of plant in 50 divergent wheat cultivars. The cultivars were grown in experiment designed by randomized block system in three repetitions during two years on experimental field of the Center for Small Grains Kragujevac. The sowing of seed were done in rows length 1 m, 20 cm distance between rows and 10 cm between seeds in a row. Plants (60 plants in three repetitions) were analyzed in stage of full physiological maturity. The variability, heritability and components of variance for plant height in different wheat cultivars were done. Significant differences for average values for plant height in analyzed wheat cultivars were established. The highest height of plant was established in Blue Boy cultivar (122.2 cm) and the lowest in the Norm 10 cultivar (50.4 cm). Variability of plant height have been rather low which coefficient of variation was in average (V=7.4 %). Heritability in broad sense for plant height was h2=95.9 %, indicating high inheritance of this traits. Components of phenotypic variance show that in total variability of this trait the highest impact belongs to genotype (84.3 %), less impact belongs to year (7.5 %) and interaction cultivar/year (6.7 %).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
APPLICATION OF INTRODUCTION AS A METHOD OF TREE BREEDING -THE EXAMPLE OF BLACK WALNUT (Juglans nigra L.)
Vasilije Isajev1, Predrag Jović2
1 Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade
2 Institute of Forestry, Belgrade
American black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) is a potentially significant species of hard broadleaves on alluvial soils adjacent to the banks of major rivers in Serbia. In addition to excellent technical characteristics, health state of the plantations and the price of walnut timber at the market, this species is also characterized by an excellent volume increment, and thus also the volume it yields in a relatively short time period, which is not the characteristics of forestry. Unjustifiably small acreage of black walnut in our country should be extended to all optimal sites for its successful production. Care should be taken about the "population founder", i.e. a drastic reduction of the gene complex and the conversion of the existing populations (cultures) from open into closed populations. As the future of genes in populations depends on the combination of population size and selection pressure, selection pressure in actual populations can be increased by the establishment of plantations on a non-uniform site (to minimize the genetic effects), by a more rigorous selection (only of the best individuals), by raising the progeny of selected individuals and by the selection based on progeny tests. It should be taken into account that the analysis of half-sib progeny tests in selection programs for this species in USA shows the inheritance of height and diameter amounting to 0.54 and 0.50 (i.e. significantly higher inheritance of these parameters than other commercial species). This should be the reason of a more exacting work on black walnut improvement in our country. This paper presents the way and the method of black walnut improvement program in Serbia.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
VARIABILITY OF MACROSCOPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SERBIAN SPRUCE (Pices omorika /Panč./ Purkyne) NEEDLES IN ECOLOGICALLY DIFFERENT MICROPOPULATIONS
Vasilije
Isajev1, Vera Lavadinović2
1 Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade
2 Institute of Forestry, Belgrade
Three micropopulations of Serbian spruce were set aside on Mt. Tara and one in the town square at Uzice, in order to assess the scope of the effect of parent rock on the number and sizes of second-year needles. The selected populations on Tara are situated on marshy terrain, calcareous bedrock, serpentine and at Uzice on an anthropogenically modified site in urban conditions. Twenty test trees were selected in each population and the needles were collected for the analysis. The analysis included the variability of needle number per 1 cm of second-year branchlet, and needle length and width was analyzed on the statistical sample of 20 needles from each test tree. Based on statistically justified differences between mean values of the analyzed characters, it can be concluded that the effect of parent rock on the variability of study characters is not high; it ranges between 8.1 and 9.1%. The scope of variation of study characters is affected by a great complex of factors. As the needles are of the same age and collected from the trees at the same elevation and exposure, it can be concluded that the scope of variation of study characters is under a strong genetic control.
The results of the morphometric analysis show that study characters had the highest values in urban, anthropogenically changed conditions, and not at their natural sites. This is probably the consequence of the interaction of tree genotype from this population and the effect of intensive tending by watering, fertilization, etc.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS AS A CAUSE OF DECREASED FERTILITY IN FEMALE PIGS AND CONGENITAL MALPHORMATIONS IN OFFSPRING
I. Jevtić, Z. Stanimirović, B. Soldatović
Cytogenetic analysis (monitoring of numerical and structural aberration frequencies) was examined on female pigs of different ages (from three to ten partition). In addition their normal and pathologic offspring was also analysed.
In order to perform cytogenetic analysis the whole blood of females was used to start lymphocyte cultures (Evans and O'Riordan, 1977, slightly modified by Zimonjic, 1990).god.). As for the piglets cytogenetic analysis (Atresia ani, Cheliognathopalathoschisis, Extremitas ad larus, Flexia phalangis distalis extremitas) was performed on bone marrow cells (Hsu and Paton 1969. modified by Stanimirovic 1995)
The obtained results point to the fact of increased structural aberrations (deletions, translocations - both reciprotial and Robertsonian) in function of the female pig age and number of parturitions.
Ordinal number III IV V VI VII VIII IX X
of partition
% total
karyotype 2,29 5.85 6,96 12,66 32,22 33,93 45,85 62,30
aberrations
Cytogenetic analysis described above point to the increase of nonvital piglets in the offspring dependent of ordinal number of partuition. Also, we observed that piglet malphormations are correlated with structural aberrations found both in the offspring, as well as in piglets itself. Thus, after the analysis of piglet cariotypes with such malformations we established direct relationship between the anomaly and certain chromosomal changes:
ANOMALY MARKER
CHROMOSOME
Cheliognathopalatlioschisis deletion 13q-
Atresia ani reciprocal translocation
t; (lq-;15q+)
Ekstremitas ad latus Robertsonova translokacija
Rb;(14/15)(14+)
Flexia phalangis distalis extremitas reciprocal translocation t; (4q+:
14q-)
On the basis of the obtained results we concluded that the age of female pigs inluences the occurrence of chromosome aberrations both in females and in their offspring, as a result nonvitality of piglets was observed as well as increased number of piglets with congenital malphormations.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF PARENTS IN WHEAT BREEDING TO OBLIGATE PARASITES RESISTANCE
Zoran Jerković, Radivoje Jevtić
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia
Base for the successful breeding for the resistance to obligate parasites of wheat is difference between parents according to genes controlling the characters. Number of genes and their interactions related to any type of the resistance are most important for the durability of the mentioned characters.
In order to create new lines with different base of Puccinia recondita and Erysiphe graminis resistance, two completely resistant lines in the seedling stage (controlled conditions) and in the field conditions were chosen. The second parent was Valjevka, variety with determinated level of uncomplete resistance to both parasites. Completely resistant parents to leaf rust couser are different from Valjevka in three independently inherited, complementary, dominant genes, KM 175/89 (resistant combinations A_B_, A_C_, B_CJ and KM 54/89 (A_B_C_). To powdery mildew couser, first completely resistant parent contains two independently inherited genes and the second one three with complement effect (A_B_, A_C_). In the progenies was transgressive segregation in direction of increasing of uncomplete resistance to parasites. Resistance expressed by differences in reaction types was not characteristic of older generations (F4 and F5). Enhancement of the uncomplete resistance can be explained by new interactions. Ten different lines according to resistance was created.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CALLUS INDUCTION FROM MATURE EMBRYOS IN SPECIES OF THE GENUS Triticum L.
Jestrović Zorica1, Kondić Ankica2, Šešek S.2, Denčić, S.2, Pavlović, M.1
1 ARI SERBIA, Center for Small Grains, Kragujevac, S. Kovacevica 31, 34000 Kragujevac
2 Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia
Callus formation and plant regeneration of mature embryos of Triticum monococum, Triticum dicoccoides, Triticum durum, Triticum spelta and Triticum aestivum were estimated. The embryos were inoculated on a modified MS (Morashige and Skoog, 1962) induction medium. The frequency of callus induction was in generally liigh (99.4% in average). The greatest number of initiated calli (100%) was obtained in Triticum durum and Triticum aestivum, while the lowest value (98.2%) founded in Triticum dicoccoides. The highest number of regenerated plants (51.87%) has been achieved by the species Triticum monococcum. Without regenerated plants was Triticum spelta. The average values for fresh weight of induced calli were ranged from 0.04 g in Triticum dicoccoides to 0.304 g in Triticum durum.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
EFFECT OF GENES AND COMBINING ABILITY FOR KERNEL YIELD IN SOME SUNFLOWER INBRED LINES
Joksimović J., Atlagić J., Škorić. D.
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad
Effect of genes and combining ability for kernel yield have been studied in eight genetically divergent sunflower inbred lines and 15 F1 hybrids using the method line x tester (Singh and Choudhary, 1976).
Heterosis for kernel yield occurred in all F1 hybrids. The inbreds HA-BCPL and RHA-178 were the best general combiners for this trait. The values of specific combining ability (SCA) for the trait were found to depend on the ecological factors prevailing in the different test years. A significant positive SCA value for kernel yield was found only in the combination HA-74 x RHA-N-K. a cross whose parents had negative GCA for the trait under study.
The GCA/SCA ratio indicated that the non-additive gene action prevailed over the additive one, as confirmed by the analysis of the components of genetic variance.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC CONTROL OF MAIZE GRAIN DRY-DOWN DURING MATURATION
B. Kerečki,
M. Ivanović i Violeta Anđelković
Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Belgrade-Zemun
A great attention is paid to grain dry down during maize maturation in the process of inbred lines and hybrids development.
The grain maturation period can be divided into three stages. A soft dough stage is the first one with the grain moisture content of 65-70%. The normal moisture content in this stage is maintained on the basis of active metabolism. The second stage is known as grain filling and grain moisture decreases to 30-40%, while the third stage is characterised by the rapid loss of water and cessation of metabolic matter accumulation.
A dry down rate from maize grain depends on a few following parameters: osmotic pressure in grain, pericarp thickness and permeability, content and structure of starch granules, morphological properties of ear and grain, etc. The dry down rate from maize grain was observed in 12 inbreds and their combinations. Significant differences in grain moisture content were observed between inbreds and their combinations.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENE EFFECTS FOR PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN WHEAT
Kraljević-Balalić Marija
Faculty of Agriculture, Institute for Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
In order to analyze the mode of inheritance, gene effects and combining ability different number of genetically divergent parents were chosen. The parents (4-6) were diallel crossed, excluding reciprocals. On the basis of the results of F1 and F2 generations the gene effects for tiller number, leaf area, leaf area index (LAI) and leaf area duration (LAD), leaf position, pigments content, harvest index (HI) and a-amylase activity wer evaluated.
The cultivars and hybrids differed significantly in physiological parameters fc examined characters. ANOVA for combing ability, using Griffing's approach (method 1 model I) showed the total leaf area in wheat was under the control of additive genes in both generations. Highly significant general combing ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variances were obtained for tillering, LAI and LAD, flag leaf angle carotenoid content, HI and a-amylase activity, indicating the presence od both additive an non-additive component of genetic variance. Chlorophyll content was caused only by non additive genes.
The importance of the results on gene effects, mode of inheritance and combining: ability of physiological parameters for wheat breeding is discussed.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
VARIABILITY OF SOME STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BLACK LOCUST (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) WOOD
Bojana Klašnja, Špiro Kopitović, Saša Orlović, Zoran Galić
Agricultural
Faculty Novi Sad, Poplar Research Institute, Antona ehova 13, 21000 Novi
Sad, Jugoslavija, E-mail: sasao@polj.ns.ac.yu
This paper presents the results of the research of variability of the main structural (annual ring width and fibre length) and physical properties (density - basic and oven dry) wood of 10 black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) clones. The samples of increment cores were taken from a field polyclonal test established in 1983 at the Poplar Research Institute Test Field on fluvisol soil type. The study samples were taken when the plantation was six, eight and thirteen years old. The clones were statistically highly different regarding the study properties. The values of fibre length and annual ring width were also statistically highly different per study years. Interclonal variability was very pronounced, which is shown by the results of cluster analysis grouping die clones into five groups. The coefficients of broad sense heritability for analyzed properties per ages ranged between 0.31 and 0.98. The results point to the need of further research in the adult phase in order to create a method of early selection for desired physical properties of wood.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
LEVEL OF GENETIC DETERMINATION OF SMALL GRAINS AND FUTURE PROSPECT
Desimir Knežević
ARI SERBIA, Center for Small Grains Kragujevac, Save Kovacevica 31, Kragujevac 34000
The extensive genetic investigation of wheat, barley, oat, rye and triticale gave great contribution for resolving of: polyploids of these plant species, genes control of morpho- physiological traits, productive traits and traits of technological quality, regulation of numerous biochemical processes etc. Up today, the knowledge obtained on the base of genetic investigation have played important role for taxonomy discrimination and evolutionary studies of small grains and their identification. The methods for identification of gene a gene alleles encoding expression of biological traits of already named plant species were developed. The determined genes for certain traits were used for cultivar identification within each plant species. The genetic and Physical mapping of cereal chromosomes was done. In this paper we will give review of genetic investigation of Yugoslav cultivars of small grains. The extensive investigation on land of cytogenetics, population genetics, quantitative genetics, mutagenesis, biochemical genetics etc., was conducted. Numerous cultivars were identified on the base of genes: for stem height (Rht, Saitama) which connected with lodging resistance, than genes encoding technological quality of plant species (Gli-1, Gli-2, Gli-3, Glu-1, Hor1, Hor2), disease resistance genes (Sr, Lr, BYDW) and pests as well as according to presence of IRL.IBS translocation. In some Yugoslav cultivars, nif genes and genes encoding tolerance to abiotic stress were identified. However, cultivars characterization on the DNA level is on the beginning. Obtained results indicting that our investigation was followed modern investigation and gave contribution to the world genetic investigation.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC DETERMINATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL QUALITY OF WHEAT
Desimir Knežević, Veselinka Zečević, Milanko Pavlović, Danica Mićanović, Miroslav Kuburović, 1Slaven Prodanović
ARI SERBIA, Center for Small Grains Kragujevac, Save Kovacevica 31, Kragujevac 34000
1 Agricultural faculty Zemun, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Zemun
Quality represents complex genetically determined traits. The numerous parameters are included in quality determination. In this work were presented analysis of sedimentation volume and loaf volume in 20 genetically different wheat cultivars. The gliadin and glutenin composition were analyzed by electrophoresis method. The relationships between Gli-1, Glu-1 alleles encoding gliadin and glutenin proteins and quality components were analyzed. The high sedimentation protein volume and high loaf volume values were established in cultivars (KG.56, KG.56S, Rodna and Tara) which carried Gli-Blb, Gli-Dlb, Glu-Dld. Also, positive correlation between GU-D2 and sedimentation volume as well as between Gli-B11 and loaf volume were established (Srbijanka, Ravnica, Jugoslavia, Balkan). The identified alleles at the Gli-1 and Glu-1 loci can use as markers of quality in wheat breeding. However, the analyzed components of technological quality are genetically determined, but not only by Gli-1 and Glu-1, than by other factors (Gli-2, Gli-3, ratio of gliadin/glutenin amount etc) which is necessary more study.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HOMOZYGOUS AND HETEROZYGOUS WHEAT GENOTYPES REGARDING THEIR ANDROGENIC RESPONSE
Kondić Ankica i S. Šesek
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
Androgenous and regeneration abilities of 10 heterozygous (F1 hybrids) and 13 homozygous (parents) winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes have been analyzed in in vitro culture.
Significant differences found among the genotypes with respect to the androgenous capacity, callus yield, frequencies of green and albino regenerants, indicate that these androgenetic components are genetically controlled.
Androgenous capacity in the homozygotes ranged from 0.6% (NS-0-694) to 20.3% (Zitnica), while in the heterozygotes from 3.9% (NS-O-694/Kosuta) to 34.7% (Szegedi-746/Zitnica). The average androgenous capacity of the F1 hybrids (13.8%) has been significantly higher than that of their parents (8.2%).
In the genotypes studied, callus yield ranged from 0.7% (Obrij) to 40% (Szegedi-746/Zitnica). On average, the heterozygotes had higher callus yields than the homozygotes.
Tree homozygous genotypes (Obrij, Szegedi-746 and NS-0-694) and one heterozygote (NS-O-694/Kosuta) have not regenerated green plants. The average frequency of green regenerants of the F1 hybrids (16.2%) has not been significantly different from that of the parents (14. 5%).
The heterozygotes had significantly higher average frequencies of albino plants (308%) than the homozygotes (22.7%).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INHERITANCE OF KERNEL NUMBER PER SPIKE IN CROSSING WHEAT GENOTYPES DIFFERING IN Rht GENES
Borislav Kobiljski1, Srbislav Denčić1, Marija Kraljević-Balalić2 i Rončević Petar1
1 Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
2 Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad
Recent results in research of Rht genes have shown that, besides plant height, they also affect other quantitative and qualitative traits in wheat. The aim of this work was to determine variability, mode of inheritance and gene effects of kernel number per spike in crossing wheat genotypes differing in Rht genes. The crosses were: Bankut 1205 (Rht 0) / Aobakomughi (Rht-Dlb), Bankut 1205 (Rht 0) / Sava (Rht 8), Siete Cerros (Rht-Blb) / Tom Thumb (Rht-Blc), Siete Cerros (Rht-Blb) / Ai-bian 1 (Rht-Dlc) and Sava (Rht 8) / Ai-bian 1 (Rht-Dlc).
Kernel number per spike varied in parents between 26.5 (Sava) and 36.1 (Siete Cerros), in F1 from 27.6 (Siete Cerros / Ai-bian 1) to 45.1 (Sava / Ai-bian 1) and in F2 from 27.6 (Bankut 1205 / Aobakomughi) to 40.0 (Siete Cerros / Tom Thumb). Significant positive heterotic effects have been determined in three crosses and significant negative effect in one cross (Siete Cerros / Ai-bian 1). No heterosis occured in the cross Siete Cerros / Tom Thumb. In the F, and F2 generations, kernel number per spike was inherited dominantly (partial dominance, full dominance or overdominance). The additive-dominance model showed that the inheritance of kernel number per spike was controlled mostly by the dominant genetic component (Bankut 1205 / Aobakomughi, Siete Cerros / Tom Thumb i Siete Cerros / Tom Thumb), or mostly by the additive component in two other crosses. Also, the presence of different epistatic gene effects has been determined in all crosses.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
EVALUATION OF DISCRIMINATION ABILITY FOR MORPHOMETRIC LEAF PARAMETERS OF EASTERN COTTONWOOD
Branislav Kovačević
Poplar Research Institute, Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad
Eight measured and fifteen derived morphometric leaf parameters of one-year old rooted cuttings are examined for ability to discriminate 16 clones of eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides) and four clones from hybrid combination P. deltoides x P. x euramericana and P. deltoides x ?. Discrimination loadings of first four canonical discrimination functions in the model with all 23 examined leaf parameters are higher with derived leaf parameters, especially with parameters that describe leaf blade shape. By forward and backward stepwise discrimination analysis eight-parameter models were formed. Except in one case, in bought models appeared same parameters. Four parameters in forward stepwise model and three parameters in backward stepwise model were measured parameters despite their low broad sense heritability. That could be explained by multicolinearity among derived parameters.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CHARACTERISTICS OF PERSPECTIVE LINES OF WINTER WHEAT OF CENTER FOR SMALL GRAINS IN KRAGUJEVAC
Miroslav Kuburović, Milanko Pavlović, Milivoje Milovanović, Veselinka Zečević
ARI SERBIA, Center for Small Grains Kragujevac, Save Kovacevica 31, Kragujevac 34000
The perspective lines of winter wheat of Center for Small Grains in Kragujevac and Standard cultivars Pobeda and Partizanka were investigated on several localities (Kragujevac, S. Mitrovica, Sombor and Pec). The eight lines: KG. 381, KG. 110/95, KG. 131/94, KG.3059-4/93T KG.8072, KG 14/1, KG. 1/1 i KG.19I/I were selected for analysis. In average, all lines on each localities stowed higher average value of grain, yield than check Pobeda cultivar, from 369 kg/ha to 1015 kg/ha. The lines have strong stern and resistance to lodging and height of stem, varied from 74 to 83 cm. These lines showed resistance to important pest and diseases of wheat as well high resistance to low temperature. Thousand grain mass varied in wheat lines from 37 g to 44 g, and hectoliter mass of grain varied from 75.7 kg to 83.3 kg. The analysis showed excellent value of quality parameters of flow and bread. Sedimentation value of some lines (KG.381) was on the level of cheek cultivar Pobeda. Properties of bread of some lines (KG.381, KG.110/95, KG.3059-4/93, KG.80721) was on the level of check cultivar Pobeda. Analyzed lines belong to Ai-B2 quality group (Pobeda belongs to A2). On the base of obtained results all lines submitted and included in micro trials of Federal Commission for cultivar Approvement of agricultural plant in 1998 year.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
BREEDING ALFALFA GENOTYPES FOR INCREASED SEED YIELD
Lukić D1., Marija Kraljević-Balalić2
1 Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
2 Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad
In 1995 and 199, ten genotypes of blue alfalfa and 10 genotypes of hybrid alfalfa were analyzed for quantitative characteristics and seed yield components. The genotype H-40 had the largest number of stems with bolts. The blue alfalfa genotype S-8 arid the hybrid genotypes H-35 and H-34 stood out for the number of branches per plant - 57.2, 60.1 and 59.1 branches per plant, respectively. The blue alfalfa genotype S-9 and the hybrid alfalfa genotype H-35 had the highest average heights, 62.1 cm and 61.2 cm, respectively. High pollen fertility was exhibited by S-l, H-35 and H-34, 86.2%, 86.4% and 85.8%, respectively. Outstanding pod set per plant was found in S-9 and H-34, 1315 and 1295 pods per plant, respectively. They were followed by the genotypes H-33, H=35, etc. The genotype S-6 had the largest number of pollinated flowers per plant - 165.8. This genotype, which produced an average of 3.1 seeds per pod and the largest number of seeds per plant, 4760 was most productive, with 140.5 kg of seed per ha. High productivities were also exhibited by the genotypes H-36 and S-5, 4727 and 4644 seeds per plant, respectively, or 135.5 kg/ha. Blue alfalfa genotypes S-3 and S-2 and hybrid alfalfa genotypes H-35 and H-32 were also distinguished for high productivity.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE GRAIN MASS PER PLANT IN BARLEY HYBRIDS
Milomirka Madić, Miroslav Kuburović i Aleksandar Paunović
Faculty of Agronomy, Cacak
Four divergent genotypes of barley (HVW-247, Partizan, NS-293 i Japanska 15) were chosen with the aim of analysing the inheritance mode and gene effect for grain mass per plant. By crossing of selected genotypes, F1 and F2 generations were obtained. The mode of inheritance was assessed on the basis of the significance of the differences in mean values of the hybrids in relation to parental average. The method of Jinks (1954) Hayman(1954) and Mather and Jinks (1971) was applied to establish the components of genetic variance and regression analysis. It was found that the variability of the trait under study was different, with variation coefficient found as the highest in the crosses HVW-247 x NS-293 (60%) and the lowest in the cross NS-293 x Jap. 15 (32%) The mode of inheritance of grain mass per plant seemed to be different depending on the cross combination, with partial dominance, dominance and overdominance exhibited in F1 and F2 generations. The value of additive component of the variance (D) was lower than the values H1 and H2 in both generations, indicating a stronger effect of dominant genes on the inheritance of grain mass. The average degree of dominance was higher than one (1.32) thus pointing at the overdominance in the inheritance of grain mass. This is confirmed by the regression line intersecting Wr axis below the point of origin. According to the way in which the points of scatter diagram were distributed along the regression line, we concluded that in the cultivar (NS/293) dominant genes prevailed, whereas in the cultivar HVW-247 recessive genes did.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
STUDY OF SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF BARLEY VARIETIES EN F1 GENERATION
Dragoljub Maksimović1, Dušan Urošević1, Aleksandar Paunović2 1
1 Center for Small Grains, Kragujevac
2 Faculty of Agronomy, Cacak
Study of some characteristics in F1 generation in three combinations of Barley was presented in this paper.
Crosses between Barley cultivars (unresistant to low temperatures) varety pyramidatum with variety nudipyrami datum in F1 generation was studied. In F1 generation variety pyramidatum was completely dominant. This was obtained by chaff presence on F1 plants. F1 hybrides had the resistance to low temperatures as variety nudipyramidatum with kernels without chaff. Other characteristics of F1 hybrides: plant height spike height, general and productive tillering, vegetative period duration, rachis ankle number, length and width of second leaf under the ear, and length of the smallest-youngest leaf maesured before freezing had the same values as one of the parental varieties, were between parental values, had higher or lower values of both parental varieties which were different in only one gene who contrails chaff presence or abscence on kernels.
Crosses between Barley cultivars (resistant and unresistant to low temperatures) variety pallidum with variety nudipyramidatum was also studied in this paper. Variety pallidum was completely dominant in F1 generation. In F1 generation of pallidum variety the dominant characteristics were: resistance to low temperatures, plant height and ear length, rachis ankle number (same values as pallidum variety). But, F1 hybrides had higher general and productive tillering and second leaf under the ear length than both parental varieties. Characteristics: width of the second leaf under the ear, length of the smallest youngest leaf measured before freezing and vegetative period duration were between parental cultivar values of pallidum and nudipyramidatum variety.
Crosses between cultivars resistant to low temperatures (both belong to pallidum variety) was also studied.
F1 hybrides were resistant to low temperatures (-15 °C, duration 6 hours ) like more resistant parent. Other characteristics examined had the values like one of the parents, between parental values, higher or lower values than both parents of variety pallidum.
In winter Barley breeding the very important characteristic is resistance to low temperatures. In this study was pointed out presence of positive and complete significant (P0.05, P0.01) statistical correlation between characteristics resistance to low temperatures and ear height. But, between characteristics resistance to low temperatures, rachis ankle number and width of the second leaf under the ear was estimated negative and complete statistical significant (P0.05, P0.01) correlations. Very strong, positive and statistical significant correlation (P0.05, P0.01) was between characteristics resistance to low temperatures and second leaf under the ear.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
HERITABILITY OF RAPESEED (Brassica napus L.) YIELD COMPONENTS
Ana
Marjanović-Jeromela, Radovan Marinković
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, M. Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad
In order to determine heritability in wide sense of rapeseed yield components, six genotypes originating from different regions were studied.
Experimental results were analyzed for plant height, height to first branch, stem diameter, branch number, leaf number, number of pods on branch, number of seeds in pod, seed yield per plant, mass of 1000 seeds and oil content. All yield components had high heritability values.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
LOCAL POPULATIONS AND SEMI-WILD TOMATO FORMS AS A SOURCE OF
GENETIC DIVERGENCE
Marković Z., Zdravković Jasmina, Damjanović M.
Agricultural Research Institute Srbija,Centre for Vegetable Crops Karadordeva 71, Smed. Palanka
We investigated the sample of 125 entirely different local populations and semi-wild tomato forms originating from the area of the former Yugoslavia. We tested both the plant and the fruit characteristics: plant height, internode length, number of flowers up to the first flower branch, earliness, fruit mass, number of locules per fruit, fruit shape, fruit colour, jointless gene, fruit firmness, radial and concentrically cracks, green back, fruit fasciation, blossom-end rot, dry matter content, p-carotene content, C- vitamin content, tolerance to diseases and pests, tolerance to high and low temperatures, length of shelf-life of biologically mature tomato fruits, etc. The investigation was carried out in the laboratory and in the open field applying the 1BPGR descriptor. The results showed that there was a strong genetic divergence for most of the investigated features, as well as the presence of the specific genes for a great number of characteristics favourable for selecting (i.e. earliness, fruit firmness, absence of cracks and fasciation, high content of vitamins, genetic resistance to diseases, pests and unfavourable weather conditions). This material could be highly significant and it could also be successfully used for the process of tomato selection.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
VARIABILITY OF SOME QUALITATIVE CHARACTERS OF AUSTRIAN PINE HALF-SIB LINES IN A SEED ORCHARD ON JELOVA GORA
Milan Mataruga, Vasilije Isajev, Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić
Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade
The study was carried out in Austrian pine seed orchard established in 1991 with seedlings from 40 half-sib lines, by the principle of metapopulation structure. Based on qualitative characters, we distinguished and set aside the phenotypes with gray needles, considerably shorter needles, irregular branching, as well as phenotypes that entered the reproductive phase during the study (seven-year old seedlings). The analysis of the contents of photosynthetically active substances (chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids) and needle anatomy showed a significant difference of tested phenotypes compared to the population average. The results are a significant contribution to the study of the magnitude of Austrian pine potential variability, as well as the assessment of metapopulation structure of seed orchard for multiannual gene pool testing, its conservation and long-term utilization.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
POSSIBLE USE OF MICROPROPAGATION OF DORMANT BUDS FROM ROOT HEAD OF SUGAR BEET IN RECURENT SELECTION
Mezei S., Čačić N., Nagl N., Kovačev L. i Sklenar P.
Naučni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Maksima Gorkog 30, Novi Sad
The aim of research is to maintain and improve productivity of hybrid variety Crvenka mz , by recurrent selection on special combining abilities. After individual analysis of root weight and refraction, 106 genotypes was selected from self-sterile tetraploid population C-8173, which is the male component of the variety. Each genotype was planted on separate plot with CMS line A-0401, in order to obtain F1 generation. Micropropagation of dormant buds from root head is used to preserve selected genotypes in unchanged condition until the complete analysis of productive traits of F1 generation. Until now, explants from sterile seedlings were used in micropropagatiou of sugar beet, as well as explants taken from greenhouse or field. Sterilization of these explants, in order to eliminate bacterial and fungal infection, always presented a problem, especially for dormant buds, for which standard sterilization procedure is still not known. In the paper are presented results of nine sterilization methods of dormant buds taken from field. Sterilization with 0.3% BENLATE and ().7%NaOCl proved to be the best procedure and gave 47.1% of sterile plants.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
BIOLOGICALLY-POMOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSHES AND
TREES OF FOREST EUROPEAN FILBERT (C. avelana L) AND THE EUROPEAN
FILBERT (C. colurna L) IN EASTERN SERBIA
Rade Miletić1, Radoljub Petrović1, Milisav Mitrović2
Institut za istraživanja u poljoprivredi SRBIJA-Beograd
Centar za
poljoprivredna i tehnološka istraživanja-Zaječar
Centar za voćarstvo i vinogradarstvo-Čačak
The forest European filbert and the European filbert are multiplied generatively. So that the populations are heterogeneous with bushes and trees of various biologic and pomological characteristics. Among great number of evaluated and analysed bushes and trees with the most favourable characteristics, certain ones have been chosen for further investigations in the same conditions. By planned multiplying and spreading of chosen types, in would be possible to provide more regular, better and fruitfulness of higher quality of both C. avelana L. and C. colurna L., particularly in supplying the basic material for production of biologically more valuable food. According to the results obtained from the sieve conditions, the fruits of chosen European filbert bushes and trees are characterized by great coarseness, mass, kernel content and oil content. The fruit coarseness of the chosen bushes of European filbert ranged from 20.7-15.6x16.6-13.2x13.7-11.6 mm (length, width, depth); the kernel coarseness ranged from 15.6-10.9x10.2-7.8x10.1-6.4 mm; the fruit mass ranged from 1.80 to 1.01 g, the kernel mass from 0.79 to 0.38 g, the kernel content from 46.2 to 27.9% and the oil content from 71.8 to 45.7%. The fruits of C. colurna L. are coarse with the dimensions 17.2-15.1x16.5-11.6x12.1-7.7 mm, and of the kernel 14.4-10.3x12.5-8.4x7.9-5.3 mm. The fruit mass range from 1.75 to 1.03 g, the kernel mass from 0.57 to 0.31 g, the kernel content from 40.8 to 31.1%, and the oil content from 74.4 to 63.2%. The appearance of the pest Balaninus is irrelevant; the amount of shrivelled grains is from 10.2 to 0.0%, that is, from 8.7 to 0.2%. The fruits are grouped, most often at the C. avelana L., from 1 to 4, the dominant from is 2 and 3 fruits together, and at the C. colurna L., from 1 to 10, the dominant from being from 5 to 7 fruits together.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
FENOLOGICAL REGULARITIES IN WALLNUT TREES POPULATION IN REGION OF TIMOCKA KRAJINA
Rade Miletić
Institut za istraživanja u poljoprivredi SRBIJA-Beograd, Centar za poljoprivredna i tehnološka istraživanja-Zaječar
Investigations of walnut trees population in the region of Timocka Krajina included the fenological characteristics, as well. In this study, the regularities among certain fenological characteristics are considered, such as; time of vegetation onset, blooming and amending time, time of vegetation competition. It has been analysed the relation of the influence of vegetation onset on the resistance to low wintry temperatures and the parasite inciter of the angular leaf spot (Isariopsis griseola). According to the comparative analysis of three-year average results referring to randomly chosen 1464 walnut trees in five sites in Timocka Krajina, numerous conclusions can be made. Earlier onset of vegetation and early, that is mean time of vegetation completion is the characteristic of 32.7, that is 38.5% of all walnut trees. The trees of earlier vegetation onset and early (29.22%) that is of mean time of amending (19.23%) dominate in the whole population. Among the early moving trees, the greatest number is of those with mean resistance to low wintry temperatures (50.0%), but weakly resistant ones, as well (15.37%>). Mean resistance (20.42%) is remarkable in the mean moving walnut trees. Low degree of sensitivity to the parasite, inciter of the angular leaf spot, is characteristic for the trees of later and mean late time of vegetation onset. However, the trees of earlier vegetation onset are more sensitive to the before mentioned pest occurrence.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF MAIZE INBRED LINES ON THE BASIS OF POLYMORPHISM OF PROTEINS MARKER
Gordana Milojević, Snežana Mladenović Drinić, Goran Drinić i Kosana Konstantinov
Maize Research Institute, 11080 Zemun Polje-Belgrade
The method of genetic similarity assessment for maize inbred lines on the basis of embryo salt soluble proteins is proposed. Salt soluble proteins were extracted from dry embryo of maize inbred lines and electrophoretic separation were performed in 12.5%, polyakrilamide gels (PAGE). It was noticed the great polymorphism of embryo salt soluble proteins at their electrophoretic pattern, and that it is suitable for inbred line distinguishing. The protein pattern has confirmed the great differences among lines derived from different genetic sources and in a lower degree was observed for lines from similar sources. The indexes of similarity between analysed lines were calculated and cluster analysis according UPGMA was made. The cluster analysis has confirmed differentiation among lines and mat may be used for validation of pedigree records.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INHERITANCE OF GRAIN NUMBER PER SPIKE IN HEXAPLOID TRITICALE
Milivoje S. Milovanović1, VladanPešić2
1ARI'Serbia', Center for Small Grains - Kragujevac, Yugoslavia
2 Faculty of Agriculture Zemun - Belgrade, Yugoslavia
In this paper the inheritance of grain number per spike in hexaploid triticale was investigated. Studies were performed on primary spikes of parents, F1 and F2 progenies of a 5 x 5 complete diallel crossing. The results highlighted the prevalence of dominance and over-dominance in the expression of this trait at majority of combinations of F1 generation. Significant differences between direct and reciprocal crosses appeared in both generations and in generally with combinations of the most divergent parents. Analysis of variance for combining abilities demonstrated the existence of highly significant differences for general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA) and effects of reciprocal crosses. GCA and SCA variations demonstrated similar values, which were for about three times higher than variation caused by reciprocal effects. The best SCA were expressed in generally in combinations of good x average and good x poor GCA of parents.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
RATIO OF POLLEN FUNCTIONAL ABILITY AND FRUIT SET DEGREE IN GRAPEVINE (Vitis sp.)
Momčilo Milutinović, Dragan Nikolić, Milica Fotrić i Vera Rakonjac
Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun
In this paper, pollen functional ability of cultivars Chardonnay, Smederevka and SV 12-375 that were used as a male parent for pollination of the cultivar Bagrina, were investigated. Bagrina is a grapevine cultivar with functionally female flower, and was used as a female parent in this paper. Besides controlled pollination, free pollination of the cultivar Bagrina was observed as well. Pollen functional ability was determined by acetocarmine coloring method and in vitro germinating method. Fertility degree was established based on fruit set number and fruit harvest number. All examined cultivars showed high percentage of colored pollen grains (over 75%). Satisfactory pollen germination in vitro was established in cultivars SV 12-375 (76.65%) and Smederevka (66.08%), while the cultivar Chardonnay had low pollen germination (20.88%). The largest fruit set number and fruit harvest number were obtained as a result of free pollination (51.43%; 36.94%). Considering examined crossing combination, the lowest fruit set number" and fruit harvest number had combination Bagrina x Chardonnay (29.32%; 15.93%). The largest fruit set number was obtained in crossing combination of Bagrina x SV 12-375 (39.10%), while the largest fruit harvest number had combination Bagrina x Smederevka (23.90%). Dependence between pollen functional ability of pollinators and fruit set degree of the cultivar Bagrina was determined. Cultivars SV 12-375 and Smederevka were good pollinators for the cultivar Bagrina.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
COEFFICENT OF FRUITFULNESS OF APPLE VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS
Milutinović M.M.1, Milutinović D.M.2
1 PKB INI Agroekonomik, Padinska Skela
2 Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade – Zemun
It was investigated introduced apple varieties (Shei seedling, Freedom, Liberty, Novamec and Nova izigro) resistant to cause of apple scab and hybrids (NJ 327246 and Ida 79) also resistant to Venturia inaequalis. The investigations were done in 1995 and 1996 at the locality PKB "Vocarske plantaze" in Bolec. Fruitfulness coefficient was established on the basis of percentage amount of setted and harvested fruits during mutual pollination, free pollination and selfpollination of investigated varieties. Fruitfulness coefficient of investigated apple genotypes is the highest with the variety Novamek (31.07%), followed by apple hybrids (NJ 327246 and Ida 79) with 19.85%, that is 14.76%. The lower fruitfulness coefficient percentage was the variety Nova izigro 6.38%.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INHERITANCE OF BERRY SKIN COLOR IN SEEDLINGS OF F1 GENERATION OF INTERSPECIES HYBRIDS IN GRAPEVINE
Milutinović.
M., Žunić. P., Simić V.
Faculty of Agriculture Belgrade-Zemun
The berry skin color is important ampelographical characteristic, especially, for wine cultivars, because the color components are mostly in berry skin. The skin color is determined by O.I.V. Code N° 225 and it has marks from 1 to 7 (1 - green-yellow; 2 - rose; 3 - red; 4 - red-gray; 5 - dark-red-violet; 6 - blue-black; 7 - red-black). The seedlings of F1 generation produced by interspecies hybridization of the Vranac cultivar (wine cultivar with the blue-black skin color) and interspecies hybrid with the green-yellow skin color B-7-2 was observed. The seedlings obtained by reciprocal hybridization of the parents were observed as well. Obtained seedlings had all marks except number 4. The seedlings produced by hybridization of cultivars B-7-2 x Vranac mostly had red-black skin color (mark 7) - 53.22% of seedlings; mark 1 - 33.87% and rest of population had marks 3. 5. 6. None of seedlings with the white skin color were found in combination of cultivars Vranac x B-7-2. If marks 5, 6 and 7 describe black or dark berry skin color, than 75.95% of seedlings had dark skin color. Red skin color is represented with 24.04% of seedlings. The ratio between black and red skin color is 3:1.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
RACEMOSE WALNUT 10/95
M. Mitrović, S. Milenković
Fruit and Grape Research Centre, Cacak
Clonal selection of walnuts in Yugoslavia resulted in numerous walnut types with, different economic-biological properties, which thrive in our agroecological conditions both in trials and in large scale production.
The types which besides their pronounced cropping also have racemose inflorescences merit special attention. The paper presents the characteristics of the selection 10/95 - Lozanj named after the place at which it was selected. It is distinguished by an exceptional cropping potential (there are almost no individual fruits on the tree and raceme contains 8-14 nuts).
The tree is vigorous, vital, with a widely spreading crown. According to flowering type, it is protandrous. Flushing time occurs in the third decade of April. Fruits are medium sized (averaging 10.4 g) with kernel percentage 48.6%. They are attractive with light kernel and soft shell.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
PHENOTYPIC AND GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN WHEAT QUALITY
Novica
Mladenov, Novo Pržulj, Nikola Hristov, Veselinka Đurić
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia
Knowing the dependence of technological quality on its various components and the interdependence of bread quality components is a major prerequisite for a successful application of proper selection methods in breeding for high technological quality- of bread. During 1994/95 - 1996/97 period (three years), a series of small-plot trials with 16 winter wheat varieties were conducted at three locations (Novi Sad, Indjija, and Sremska Mitrovica). Each location in each year was considered as a separate environment. Quality tests were performed for each cultivar in three replicates. The following bread-making components were analysed: hectoliter mass (HM), yield of flour (FY), protein content (PC), sedimentation test (SE). wet gluten (WG), loaf volume (LV) and crumb number (CN). Phenotypic (rph) and genotypic (rg) coefficients of correlation were calculated. Although in most cases the phenotypic and genetic correlations closely agreed, in some instances the difference was higher, indicating the importance of environmental effects in estimating the characters in question. Protein content, sedimentation, and wet gluten were positively correlated with the other indicators of technological quality. Positive and significant correlations were also found between hectolitre mass and crumb number (rph,=0,480; rg=0,613) and between loaf volume and crumb number (rph=0,872; rg=0,905). Negative and significant correlations were recorded between loaf volume and flour yield (rph=-0,311; rg=-0,329) as well as between crumb number and flour yield (rph=-0,291; rg=-0,326).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
VARIABILITY OF MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) INBRED LINES, CONSERVED IN YUGOSLAV GENEBANK FOR MAIZE
Jasmina Muminović, Dražen Jelovac, Gordana Radović
Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje
The Genebank for Maize, within the Maize Research Institute. Zemun Polje. conserves, studies and conducts a breeding programme in a huge number of maize accessions of different genetic composition (local populations, synthetic populations, inbred lines, composites). Morphological traits of plant, cob and kernel of each accession, regardless their genetic composition, are being described using the international descriptor list for maize.
The study included maize inbred lines as they have an outstanding importance in breeding maize hybrids. Three sub-families of each inbred line in a group of inbred lines conserved in the Genebank for Maize were chosen. Data on highly heritable morphological traits were analysed by principal component analysis.
The objectives were to reveal the extent of variability that exists among sub¬families within an inbred line and to determine variability among different inbred lines.
Principal component analysis showed the presence of high variability in morphological traits among inbred lines and tended to group inbred lines of similar background together.
The study confirmed that maize germplasm, conserved at the Genebank for Maize, is highly variable. Tin's variability can be successfully utilised further in maize breeding, using the heterotic effect - a result of crossing two maize inbred lines differing in origin and expressing high level of combining ability.
In conclusion, for more precise survey of existing variability, characterisation on biochemical or molecular level appears to be necessary.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE POSSIBILITY OF USING PEPPER POPULATIONS IN THE AIM OF FURTHER BREEDING
Živka Bukić, Siniša Milutinović, Danica Mladenović
Institut za istraživanja u poljoprivredi SRBIJA - Beograd
Centar za poljoprivredna i tehnološka istraživanja - Zaječar
During the many years Center for agricultural and technological research in Zajecar works on collecting of domestic pepper populations. The genotypes with the best traits were separated and with be use for further breeding in order to getting new cultivars with more stability yield and more tolerant to extreme climatic conditions.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INFLUENCE FROM S1 RECURRENT SELECTION IN MAIZE SYNTHETIC NSB
Aleksandra Nastasić, M. Stojaković, G. Bekavac, Z. Petrović, N. Vasić
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
Studied in this paper was the effectiveness of five cycles of Si recurrent selection for resistance to the causal agent of Fusarium graminearum rot in the synthetic maize population NSB. Using the Nested design (random model), independent trials were carried out for each of the four cycles of S1 progenies (C0, C1, C3, and C5). Genetic and phenotypic correlations, heritability, indicators of trait variability, linear regression, and genetic gain per cycle of S1 recurrent selection were determined.
After five cycles of S1 recurrent selection, we observed a significant rise in stem resistance to Fusarium graminearum. The largest increase was recorded in C5. Increasing resistance to this pathogen during the selection cycles was accompanied by increases in grain yield. Grain yield (b= 0.193*) had a significant positive and disease index (b= - 5.558*) a significant negative coefficient of linear regression. In C0 there was a significant negative strong correlation between disease index and grain yield, but in C5 no such correlation was found between the two traits.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GROUP AND INDIVIDUAL POLLEN VARIABILITY OF SOME 5-NEEDLE PINES IN FUNCTION OF IMPROVEMENT
Biljana Nikolić1,Vasilije Isajev2
1 PE Srbijasume. Institute of Forestry, Belgrade
2 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade
We have three pine species of subsection Strobus in Serbia: Pinus – peuce, Griseb., Pinus strobus. L. and Pinus wallichiana, A.B. Jackson. On the basis of pollen grain dimensions and coefficient of shape of morphometric characteristics have been established. Physiological properties of freshen and frozen pollen (germination percentage and germination energy) were assessed by Kobel method. The results proved affirmative approach in the possibilities of using inter- and intraspecific hybridisation (as tree improvement methods). Meanwhile, flowering phenophasis between species are not simultaneous (Macedonian pine flushed one month later). Because of that using fresh pollen of Macedonian pine in interspecies hybridisation with Vaymouth and Himalayan pine is not possible. Using 1-year stored pollen of P. pence this problem might be overcomed. Strong individual variability in pollen quality and the possibility of long-term conservation of these species need selecting the best trees pollinators before hybridization.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC ANALISYS OF YOUNG SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS IN GRAPEVINE PROGENY OBTAINED BY CROSSING MUSCAT HAMBURG AND VILLARD BLANC CULTIVARS
Dragan
Nikolić
Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun
For ampelographic description and determination of grapevine cultivars, lots of morphological characteristics have been used. Among 21 characteristics that are investigated for a gene bank, there are 5 characteristics for young shoot. Those are: form of young shoot tip. anthocyanin coloration intensity of young shoot tip, prostrate hairs density of young shoot tip, erect hairs density on the nodes of shoot and tendrils distribution on the shoot. The variability and the mode of inheritance of cited characteristics have been investigated in 90 seedlings of F1 generation from the crossing combination of Muscat Hamburg x Villard Blanc. Categorization of examined characteristics has been done using OIV codes, and determination of the mode of inheritance has been done using χ2 test. Obtained results showed that in hybrid progeny the majority of examined characteristics had substainal variability. For form of young shoot tip and prostrate hairs density of young shoot tip. monogenic inheritance has been established. Exception to monogenic inheritance, anthocyanin coloration intensity of young shoot tip and erect hairs density on the nodes of shoot has been established. The mode of inheritance of tendrils distribution on die shoot, could not be determined because all of hybrid seedlings and their parents had discontinuous tendrils distribution on the shoot.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC CORRELATION OF PHYSIOLOGICAL AND GROWTH PARAMETERS OF POPLAR CLONES
Saša Orlović1, Borivoj Krstić2, Bojana Klašnja1
1 Agricultural Faculty Novi Sad, Poplar Research Institute, Antona Cehova 13, 21000 Novi Sad. Yugoslavia, E-mail: sasao@polj.ns.ac.yu
2 Faculty of Naturally Sciences, Institute of Biology, Trg D. Obradovica 5, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia
This paper presents the results of the research of physiological characters of rooted cuttings of eight black poplar clones (4 Popuhis x euramericana and 4 Populus deltoides) in three field experiments on different soil types (humofluvisol, fluvisol f. loamy and fluvisol f. sandy). Physiological characters are net photosynthesis, dark respiration and leaf area. At the end of the vegetation period, the main plant growth elements were measured: diameter, height and biomass. The results of the research physiological processes of poplar clones showed a high interclonal variability of most elements and processes of species under study. Statistically significant differences between clones and insignificant between repetitions, medium and high coefficients of heritability in a broad sense, indicate that the majority of study characters are controlled by genetic factors which result in considerable specificities of some clones. The statistically significant interaction clone x experiment, in the greatest number of characters, indicates the different reactions of clones to the site, i.e. soil type. Also the rank of the clones in three experiments was not the same, consequently the interaction clone x environment existed in all the characters under study. The quotient of variance genotype x environment and variance of genotype, for the dark respiration, and rooted-cutting diameters and heights was higher than 0.5, and therefore the interaction genotype x environment must be considered during selection. A strong genetic correlation with the elements of growth and biomass was shown especially by leaf area. The results indicate that it could be possible to construct the hybrids with desirable level of physiological processes by which the effects of hybridization can be enhanced.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
VARIABILITY OF BLACK WALNUT (Juglans nigra L.) PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND GROWTH ELEMENTS IN THE JUVENILE PHASE
Saša Orlović, Zagorka Petrov, Zoran Galić, Leopold Poljaković Pajnik
Agricultural Faculty, Novi Sad, Poplar Research Institute Antona Cehova 13, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia. E mail: sassao@pojns.ac.yu
Black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) was successfully introduced to our country. It is characterized by fast growth, good quality and economically valuable wood,, as well' as with low susceptibility to pests and diseases. Black walnut plantations are established on alluvial soils along lowland rivers. In Yugoslavia to date tow superior populations of this, species have been designated seed orchards, which is a base material for breeding. This paper presents the results of the study of variability of physiological parameters and elements of growth of one-year-old black walnut progeny from a registered seed orchard (reg. no. S 02.12.02.01) in a field test. The study physiological parameters: stomatal length and width, net photosynthesis respiration and the content of a and b chlorophyll and growth parameters: plant diameters and height. The results point to a very pronounced intra-population variability of all study parameters, as well as statistically very significant differences between the genotypes regarding net photosynthesis, respiration and the content of chlorophyll. A high correlation between the content of a and b chlorophyll and plant diameter and height was recorded.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
STUDY OF INDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY OF HORSE CHESTNUT (AESCULUS HIPPOCASTANUM L.) IN THE AIM OF IMPROVED SECIES SELECTION
Mirjana Ocokoljić1, Vasilije Isajev1, Nada Kovačević2
1 Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade
2 Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade
Comparative morphological and biometric analysis of the seeds of 15 horse chestnut genotypes was performed in the aim of quantitative analysis of three groups of physiologically active seed constituents (escine, tannins, fatty oil and fatty acids). The assessment of the character of variability and the study of characteristics was based on the analysis of variance, cluster analysis and the coefficients of variation, as it can be considered that they reflect satisfactorily the hereditary potential of the selected individuals. The significant differences between test trees, as well as insignificant differences between the replicates, indicate that study properties are in the function of tree genotypes, and partly, some properties are under environmental impact.
The results point to the fact that the study of variability of test trees is of high significance for their selection and the establishment of good-quality horse chestnut plantations. By the selection of superior genotypes and by their propagation, the varieties can be synthetized that will, thanks to a high degree of general adaptability, ensure a proportionally high productivity of individual metabolites.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE FRAMEWORK OF VARIANTS OF HAPLOID CHROMOSOME COMPLEMENT PRODUCING A FINITE NUMBER OF PURE LINES
Boro P. Pavlović
Institute of Forestry, KnezaViseslava 3, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
A species typically consists of individuals with the same number of chromosomes in the chromosome set, or with the same number in the individuals of the same sex. The deviation from this characteristic of a species is the base of species evolution changes. Genetic variation of individuals intra species is contained in the variants of chromosome complements. A chromosome variant is characterized by a series of alleles. The change of allele representation in any gene locus leads to another chromosome variant. Each chromosome is represented by one variant in the haploid cell. Diploid cell can contain one or two variants of each chromosome. Depending on the state of the population, the number of variants of each chromosome in the chromosome complements can be N to 2N (N is number of individuals). In the classical experiments with bean, Johannsen obtained 19 pure lines. It is a question how many potential source states of chromosome set variants were there, if no source chromosome variants were lost, if the complete genetic analysis was performed. The solution of the problem is in the forms of the calculation of variants of haploid (V) and diploid (W) chromosome complements based on chromosome variants (v) and the number of chromosomes in the haploid chromosome complement (n): V=v1v2v3....vj....vn; W=V2. A possible number of pure lines is equal to the number of V variants. Invariant chromosomes in the chromosome complement have no consequence on the number of pure lines. The presented analysis of source sets (resulting in 1 to 127 pure lines) was discussed. The prime number of pure lines (such as 19), in the complete genetic analysis, is related to the source set of individuals, which is characterized by the variants of only one chromosome.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
VARIABILITY AND HERITABILITY OF ONION BULBS DIAMETER
Pavlović Nenad, Sušić Zoran, Zdravković Jasmina, Marković Živoslav, Stevanović Dušan
Agricultural Research Institute "Srbija", Center for Vegetable Crops, Karadjordjeva 71, 11420 Smederevska Palanka, e-mail: cfvcsp@,eunet.YU
In order to investigate the variability of bulb diameter, the trial was set up on an experimental plot of the Centre for Vegetable Crops in Smederevska Palanka during 1997 and 1998. The trial was performed by applying the method of random block system in five replications. Ten varieties of different geographical origins were included as the research material. The recorded values of the investigated features were determined by applying the variance analysis of a two-factorial trial - model 2 (Hadzivukovic, 1991). The components of the phenotype variance, genotype and phenotype coefficient of variation and heritability in broad sense were estimated according to Singh and Chaudhary (1976).
Significant variability was recorded for diameter bulbs in both years of investigation. For this parameter, genotype variance was greater than the environmental. Phenotype coefficient of variation (PCV) was greater than genotype coefficient of variation (GCV). High heritability confirmed that the genotype variability was stronger in the overall phenotype variability.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
PUTTING PHYSIOLOGY ON THE MAP - TESTING RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DROUGHT RESISTANCE TRAITS USING MOLECULAR MAPS
Sofija Pekić1, Vesna Lazić-Jančić2, Violeta Anđelković2, M Ivanović2, Zora Dajić1, Evonne Waterman3, H Rahman3, A Steed3 i SA Quarrie3
1 Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
2 Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", Yugoslavia
3 John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK
The aim of plant physiology is to understand how plants work: to establish the inter-relationships between processes that the plant integrates, from a single gene to the complex phenotype of a whole plant. The traditional approach has been correlation analysis of changes in the process and the observed phenotype. However, causal effects are difficult to prove in this way. The development of molecular marker systems, such as restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and microsatellites (simple sequence repeats, SSRs), to generate detailed genetic maps of any species provides physiologists with new opportunities to test the inter-relationships amongst processes and to identify those that are important in determining a particular phenotype. A range of statistical techniques is available to locate major genes regulating a particular trait or process (quantitative trait locus. QTL, analysis) and causal relationships between traits can be tested by looking for coincidence of QTLs for the traits.
We are using molecular maps of maize to identify the QTLs for drought responses and to identify those traits that are important in determining drought resistance, defined as yield under droughted field conditions. Our initial studies on drought resistance traits focused on leaf abscisic acid (ABA) content and the results of QTL analysis of leaf ABA content and yield under droughted field conditions are presented in an accompanying poster (Pekic et al.). Essentially, we used QTL analysis to show that, despite the reports of ABA having many effects on plant physiology, growth and development, there was no coincidence of QTLs for leaf ABA content and yield under droughted conditions.
We are now extending this work to study a wide range of physiological, morphological and biochemical traits that may be important in determining drought resistance in a maize population derived from a cross between a susceptible inbred line (B73) and a more resistant line (DTP79). Traits expressed in mature plants growing under droughted field conditions are being compared with traits of younger plants droughted under laboratory' conditions by testing coincidence of QTLs for the traits.
In a glasshouse experiment where plants were droughted over several weeks in soil columns, highly significant QTLs for leaf sap osmotic potential and soluble carbohydrate content (assessed by refractometry) were found coincident on chromosome 1. The same region of chromosome 1 also carried a gene(s) determining yield under droughted field conditions. QTL analysis of other aspects of plant growth and physiology will also be presented to illustrate how tliis technique can provide important information for physiologists on associations amongst traits.
We are grateful to the Royal Society, European Commission and Commonwealth Awards Division for providing financial support for this collaborative research.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE ROLE OF ABA IN DROUGHT RESISTANCE: PHYSIOLOGICAL AND GENETICAL ANALYSIS IN MAIZE
Sofija Pekić1, Lora Ljubojević1, Violeta Anđelković2, M Ivanović2, Vesna Lazić-Jančić2, A. Steed3 i SA Quarrie3
1 Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
2 Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", Yugoslavia
3 John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK
For several years, we have been studying the role of abscisic acid (ABA) in mediating the responses of maize to drought stress using a range of physiological, genetical and molecular marker techniques. Our initial work focused on the preparation of maize genotypes, by crossing and selection, that had contrasting capacities to accumulate ABA in their leaves and then studying the consequences of the selection procedure on a number of physiological and agronomic characteristics related to drought resistance. Both inbred lines and synthetic populations differing in leaf ABA content under field conditions were created for this work.
Significant differences amongst the inbred lines derived from the cross F-2 x Poljl 7 were found for the majority of characteristics tested (leaf water potential stomatal conductance, plant height, flowering time, etc) as well as yield under both draughted and irrigated field trials. However, the variation in these traits was not associated with variation in leaf ABA content. Comparison of the high- and low-ABA synthetic populations under rainfed conditions also showed no significant association of leaf ABA content with yield.
The same cross (F-2 x Poljl7) was also used to create a mapping population of 81 FJJ families which was mapped with around 100 restriction fragment length polymorphic (RFLP) markers. The families were trialled in the field and a number of physiological, morphological and agronomic characters, including leaf ABA content and yield, were analysed for quantitative trait loci (QTLs). There was no coincidence between QTLs for yield and leaf ABA content, showing no significant effect of leaf ABA content on drought resistance and confirming the earlier work with inbred lines and synthetic populations. Nevertheless, there were associations between QTLs for yield and anthesis-silking interval and the number of nodal roots at harvest, showing that these traits may be important in determining yield under draughted conditions.
Thus, we have shown that both classical and molecular marker methods provided the same conclusions about the role of ABA in these draughted maize plants. However, the molecular marker methods are more powerful in identifying in a relatively short period of time the traits that may be important in determining drought resistance as well as the location of genes regulating those traits.
We are grateful to the Royal Society and British Council for providing financial support for this research.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
COMBINING ABILITIES AND MODE OF INHERITANCE OF YIELD AND 100-GRAIN MASS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
Petrović, Z.1, J.Bocanski2, Nastasić. Aleksandra1, G. Bekavac1, N. Vasić1
1 Scientific Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
2 Faculty of Agriculture and Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops
Using the line x tester analysis (Singh and Choudhary, 1976), we studied the mode of inheritance of grain yield and 100-grain mass of seven female lines, three tester lines, and 21 hybrids of maize.
The results of the study have shown that dominant genes play the most important role in the inheritance of 100-grain mass, and grain yield per plant in this crop species. Superdominance and heterosis were recorded in both characters under investigation. In most cases, the combination of lines with significantly negative and significantly positive general combining ability GCA values produced hybrids with a significantly positive specific combining ability SCA. Hybrids having a good SCA for 100-grain mass also had a significant SCA for grain yield per plant.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ESTIMATES OF GENETIC EFFECTS OF PRODUCTIVE TILLERING IN SPRING WHEAT
Novo Pržulj1, Novica Mladenov1, Miroslav Bogdanović2
1 Institute of
Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
2 Faculty of Agriculture, Srpsko Sarajevo, Republic of Srpska
Grain yield of wheat depends on spike number per unit area, grains number per spike and grain weight. Some researches have shown that spikes number per unit area is often the yield components with which grain yield is most closely associated. The objectives of this study were to (i) estimate the mode of inheritance, (ii) gene effects and (iii) heritability of productive tillering in spring wheat. For mat purpose the next crosses between varieties with different productive tillering were made: low x low (Sonalika x Bobwhite, Lelija x Bobwhite) low x medium (Sonalika x Glennson 81. Lelija x Mitacore Vesa x Radusa) and low x high (Buckbuck x Dugoklasa). Additive-dominance (AD) model was used to estimate midparent (m), additive (d) and dominance (h) gene effects. The adequacy of the AD model was determined by the ABC scaling tests and the joint scaling test. When the AD model failed to fit the data a six-parameter model was fitted. Heritability was estimated from a generation variance analysis.
The mode of inheritance in F1's was overdominant and dominant for higher tillering as well as intermediate, while F2's were mainly intermediate. Based on the significance of the individual tests and the joint scaling test it can be concluded that AD model was not adequate for any of the six crosses and that nonallelic interactions had important part in the productive tillering inheritance. Thee types of digenetic interactions (additive x additive, additive x dominance and dominance x dominance) were present in four of six crosses. Interactions mainly had negative sign and decreased productive tillering. Heritability estimates was about 35% in narrow and varied from 48 to 63% in broad sense.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF WHEAT POPULATIONS BY BULK SELECTION
I. Mean values and correlation among traits
S. Prodanović, G. Šurlan-Momirović. D. Perović, I. Stančić, Z. Nikolić i Z. Veselinović
Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun
Ten populations of F3 and F4 wheat hybrids and their parents has been investigated at two locations (Indjija and Pec). Bulk method of selection has been used to produce these populations. Six characters of materials were analyzed: plant height, spike length, spikelet number per spike, grain number per spike, grain mass per spike and grain yield. For all characters, exept for grain number and mass per spike, increasing of mean values (in relation to middle parents - MP values) has been found in F4 generation. This fact shows the high efficiency of bulk selection in wheat breeding. All yield components have been positively correlated with grain yield in both generations, but stronger in F3 than in F4 generation (R = 0.94 in F3 and R = 0.83 in F4). The grain mass per spike shown the highest influence on grain yield (r = 0.90 in F3 and r = 0.73 in F4), and this elementary trait was in the strongest relation with grain number per spike (r = 0.92 in F3 and r = 0.87 in F4).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF WHEAT POPULATIONS BY BULK SELECTION
II. Analysis of homology in variation of traits
S. Prodanović, G. Šurlan-Momirović, B. Jovanović i M. Menkovska
Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun
The high homology among changes of grain yield, plant height and spike length, was observed by analysing the variability of mean values of traits in 10 wheat hybrid populations and their parents, growing at two locations. However, how this homology was not supported by significant correlation and how there was not homology in variation between grain yield and two characters mat showed the highest correlation with grain yield (grains number and mass per spike), it was concluded mat bulk selection affects changes in the structure of populations. One hypotesis has been established that these changes include follows aspects: 1) increasing of number of spikes per area unit, 2) better distribution of spikes in relation to plant height and 3) equalizing of grain mass between primaries and secondaries spikes. By these possibles changes in population structure could be explained the decrease of variability length among all characters from F3 to F4 generation, when their mean values at two locations were compared.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC CORRELATION AND PATH ANALYSIS IN PEACH
Vera Rakonjac
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Yugoslavia
This investigation was designed to study the inter-relation ship of some agrobiological characteristics (flowering time, ripening time, fruit set, fruit harvest, fruit weight and stone weight) and the correlations with yield. Yield was significant or very significant genetically correlated with fruit set (0.377*), fruit harvest (0.388*), fruit weight (0.851**), and stone weight (0.481**). There was very significant phenotypic correlation between yield and fruit set (0.576**), as well as between yield and fruit weight (0.556**). Genetic path coefficient analysis indicated a significant direct effect of fruit set on yield. Phenotypic path coefficient analysis showed that beside fruit set, fruit weight had significant direct effect on yield. The indirect effect of fruit harvest via fruit set and flowering time via fruit set was higher than the direct effect.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
EFFECT OF PEMF ON GRAIN NUMBER AND GRAIN MASS PER SPIKE IN SPRING WHEAT
Petar Rončević1, Nikola Hristov1 i Marija Kraljević-Balalić2
1 Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
2 Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad
The effect of pulsating electromagnetic field (PEMF) on grain number and grain mass per spike has been studied in 10 spring wheat genotypes. The studied genotypes come from different centers of origin. In the period 1995 to 1998, the experimental material was analysed applying the following method: water-soaked seeds of the 10 genotypes were once directly exposed to PEMF for 30, 60 and 90 minutes (frequency 72 Hz, voltage 1 mT). After treatment, the seeds were planted in pots and, at maturity, spikes were analyzed for grain number and grain mass. For the most genotypes the stimulation caused increases in the number of grains and grain mass per spike. The next step was to establish the expression of the observed changes in subsequent generations. The seed obtained in pots (EM0) was planted in the field for the next three seasons to produce EM1, EM2 and EM3 generations. The changes caused by the direct exposure to PEMF were evident in the subsequent generations, especially in the M3 generation. It seems that a single exposure of spring wheat seed to PEMF leads to permanent changes.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CORRELATIONS AND PATH-COEFFICIENTS ANALYSIS IN SUGAR BEETS ROOT TRAITS
Pavle Sklenar, Lazar Kovačev, Nikola Cačić, Snežana Mezei i Nevena Nagl
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, M. Gorkog 30, Novi Sad, Yugoslavia
The aim of sugar beet growing is to maximize the yield of crystal sugar per unit area. Investigated in the present paper were core correlations and direct and indirect effects of root weight, root volume, sugar content and dry matter content on crystal sugar yield. Two sugar beet populations, A8415 and 1102-5-8, were examined. These populations are monogerm maintainers of citoplasmical-nuclear male sterility (O-type) that differ significantly with respect to the aforementioned traits. In population A 8415 highly significant core correlations were found between the studied traits and crystal sugar yield, while sugar content, dry matter content and dry matter yield had a very significant direct effect on crystal sugar yield. The coefficient of multiple determination had a value of r2=0.99 and the residual effect was at R=0.04. In population 1102-5-8 core correlation were very significant only between root weight, root volume, dry matter yield and crystal sugar yield. These traits also had a highly significant direct effect on crystal sugar yield. The coefficient of multiple determination had a value of r2=0.90 and the residual effect was at R=0.31. This type of information could help sugar beet breeders improve the efficiency of their breeding process.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
EFFECTS OF SISTER-LINE CROSS ON GRAIN YIELD INCREASE IN SOYBEAN LINES WITH REDUCED ACTIVITY OF TRYPSIN INHIBITOR
Mirjana Srebrić
Maize Research Institute, ZemunPolje, S. Bajica 1,11080 Belgrade-Zemun
The cross of an adapted variety Kador to the variety Kunitz, as a donor of favourable traits - a decreased content of trypsin inhibitor in grain, was conducted with the aim to develop more yielding lines with modified chemical content of grain.
The progeny of 48 highest yielding F2 plants were tested and then two top yielding F3 lines were selected. Forty individual plants of the highest yielding line (L38) were crossed to 40 plants of the line ranking second (L30). Grain yield of progenies of female components and of the combination L38 x L30 was tested. Increased grain yield was found in approximately half of the progenies from the sister-line cross L38 x L30 in relation to non-crossed female components. Such developed material will be a starting point for selection of superior soybean lines with decreased content of trypsin inhibitor in grain.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ACCUMULATION OF FAVOURABLE ALLELES IN TWO SYNTHETIC POPULATIONS OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
Stanković G., Trifunović B.V., Trifunović V.
Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Yugoslavia
The important objective in plant breeding is to develop a source material of high quality (local populations, synthetic populations, F2 populations, etc.) for further selection. At the beginning of the initial population development, a special attention should be paid to genetic variability (narrow and broad genetic base), as well as to the method of further selection. The aim is to derive a population with a high frequency of favourable alleles controlling yield and other traits of agronomic importance. The incorporation of exotic germplasm into local and/or adapted populations provides the enhancement of genetic variability and the increase of frequency of favourable alleles. Starting from studies of Trifunovic et al. (1994a, 1994b) our intention was to find out genetic progress in two synthetic maize populations and determine whether favourable alleles controlling yield and other traits of agronomic importance, accumulated upon the change of the selection method. After three cycles of combined selection, two maize synthetic populations (Syn MRI ZP -narrow genetic base and Syn MRI ZP/USA - broad genetic base) out of the three used in the experiment, were included into inbred tester recurrent selection. Both populations, after one cycle of selection, obtained accumulation of favourable alleles controlling grain yield (Syn MRI ZP - 7.452 t ha-1, i.e. Syn MRI ZP/USA - 7.466 t ha-1), while moisture percentage remained at the target level. The yield level of Syn FS (8.248 t ha-1), derived by crossing of the previous two synthetics, point out that these synthetics maintained their initial divergence. Yield of test crosses (to inbred of Lancaster background) of all the three populations indicates that Syn FS of Syn MRI ZP/USA population accumulated the greatest number of favourable alleles. The percentage of lodged and broken plants is significantly lowered in Syn MRI ZP and Syn MRI ZP/USA in .relation to previous cycles. It can be concluded that these three developed populations are a good initial material for long-term selection programmes and that the chosen method is a proper one for accumulation of favourable alleles controlling yield and other properties of agronomic importance.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
HETEROSIS FOR AGRONOMIC TRAITS OF BROOMCORN
Sikora V.
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
Six cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile lines have been crosses with six fertility restorer lines of broomcorn by line x tester analysis.
For the components of plant height, the most significant heterosis compared to better parent has been observed for total plant height (16.7 %). The rest of the plant height components expressed less heterozis (peduncle lenght 8,1 %, flag leaf sheat 5.8 %, panicle length 2.0 % and fibber length 1.9 %). Negative heterosis has been measured for panicle exertion (-157.4 %). For the panicle weight components, the heterosis was positive for the weight of untreshed panicle (28.3 %), as well as for seed weight per panicle (23.6 %) and weight of the treshed panicle (14.3 %). The ratio between the treshed as compared to untreshed panicle showed negative heterosis value (-4.5 %). For the number and fineness of fibres medium level of positive heterosis has been obtained (5.7 % and 5.2 %).
Based on the results from this study, further activity aimed at commercial exploitation of heterosis, i.e. breeding of hybrid broomcorn varieties has been proposed.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
SELECTING FEATURES FOR ESTIMATING GENETIC DIVERGENCE OF TOMATO GENOTYPES (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.)
Sušić Zoran1, Zdravković Jasmina1, Pavlović Nenad1, Prodanović Slaven2
1 Agricultural Research Institute "Srbija", Center for Vegetable Crops, Karadjordjeva 71,
11420 Smederevska Palanka, cfvcsp@eunet.YU
2 Agricultural Faculty, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Zemun
On the basis of the six tomato yield components (fruit length and width, pericarp thickness, number of locules per fruit, number of fruits per plant, and fruit mass), seven tomato genotypes were grouped into five clusters by applying the method of hierarchical cluster analysis. The values of the specific combining abilities (SCA) and heterosis effects in 21 tomato hybrids of F, generation obtained by diallel crossing of seven parental genotypes testified that the dendogram of phenotypic differences was obtained on the basis of these features. It also showed the present differences between the genotypes. It was concluded that the good hybrids with high SCA values and high heterosis effects were obtained by crossing the divergent genotypes from different clusters. It was in conformity with the fact that the favourable gene recombining abilities and high heterosis effects were obtained by crossing the divergent parents but not the ones in close relationship. Since this method was successfully applied and tested on seven genotypes, it could also be applied for the characterisation and classification of the entire tomato gennplasm collection. The genotypes characterised by a high degree of genetic divergence should be sorted out from the collection mat was classified in such a manner (from different clusters). In this way, the process of tomato selection would be greatly facilitated.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
AMINO ACIDS IN THE FRESH FRUIT OF THE PARENTAL RASPBERRY CULTIVARS AND PROMISING SELECTIONS (Rubus idaeus L.)
Žarko V. Tešović, Slađana A. Nidžović, Milan M. Lukić
Agricultural Research Institute "Serbia" Fruit and Grape Research Centre, Cacak
Over three-year period, qualitative and quantitative analyses was employed to determine the content of 17 amino acids in raspberry fruits of four parental cultivars: Gradina. Krupna Dvoroda, Mailing Exploit and Willamette and of nine promising selections: 1/2 and 1/4 (Willamette x M. Exploit), 1/9, 1/11 and 1/12 (Willamette x Gradina) and 11/11. 11/12, 11/14 and I1I/5 (Gradina x Krupna Dvoroda). The content of following amino acids was determined: alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine + cystine, phenylalanine. glycine, glutamic acid, histidine, isoleucine, lysine, leucine, methionine, proline, serine, tyrosine, threonine and valine. Of these 17 amino acids, 7 are essential: arginine. isoleucine, leucine. lysine, methionine, threonine and valine. The average content of all the evaluated amino acids in the fruit of all the genotypes ranges from 310 μM (methionine) to 5527 μM (glutamic acid).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PROMISING APPLE SELECTIONS
Žarko V. Tešović, Sladana A. Nidžović, Milan M. Lukić
Fruit and Grape Research Centre, Čačak
Commercial apple production has strict requirements concerning the choice of cultivars for growing: excellent fruit flavour, attractive skin colour, spur, pendulous or columnar growth habit, winter frost hardiness, resistance to the casual agents of major diseases, which implies minimal pesticide use in the production of quality fruits and long shelf life without physiological diseases. Since the existing apple cultivars do not meet the mentioned requirements, the solution is in breeding new apple cultivars with desired economic-biological characteristics. Long-term work carried out in Fruit and Grape Research Centre, Čačak resulted in a great number of promising selections. This paper presents the economic-biological properties of four of them: J/12/6 (Golden Delicious x Cox's Orange Pippin), J/11/20 (Prima x Melrose), J/12/12 (Prima x Melrose) and J/12/35/90 (Prima x Melrose).
Selection J/12/6 belongs to the group of autumn apple cultivars, whereas the following selections J/11/20, J/12/12 and J/12/35/90 are winter apples. The latter are resistant to the two major apple diseases: mildew and apple scab.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
BREEDING DWARFING APPLE GENOTYPES
Žarko V. Tešović, Slađana A. Nidžović, Milan M. Lukić
Fruit and Grape Research Centre, Čačak
In terms of modern technology of growing and fruit production, vigour is a highly important apple characteristic. All apple growers prefer a dwarfing rootstock, since it enables grafting onto vigorous rootstocks requiring no support, which reduces the costs of establishing plantings even up to 40%. Smaller growth habit enables the planting of a great number of nursery trees per ha. Also, it facilitates pruning, fruit protection and harvest. Thus, the work on developing dwarfing apple genotypes has been intensively pursued at Fruit and Grape Research Centre, Cacak over last 10 years.
Planned hybridization within three parental combinations resulted in 787 hybrid seedlings, as follows: Cox's Orange Pippin x Cadel - 195 seedlings; Cox's Orange Pippin x Idared - 337 seedlings and Jonathan x selection TSR13T84 - 255 seedlings. All the seedlings were grown under the same conditions in ceramic plots and substrate for raising apple seedlings. At the end of the first growing season, the height of seedlings was measured and they were accordingly classified into seven groups. The greatest number of seedlings from the first and second combinations (36.4%, i.e. 36.7%) belonged to the second group (height - from 5.0 to 10.0 cm), whereas in the third combination, the largest number of seedlings (26.6%) belonged to the third group (height - from 10.0 to 15. 0 cm). These data indicate that an adequate choice of parental pairs can lead to appropriate vigour, i. e. dwarfing of apple seedlings.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INBREEDING DEPRESSION OF PRODUCTIVE TRAITS IN THREE SPECIES OF THE GENUS Agrostis L.
Zorica Tomić1, Sokolović, D.1 i Gordana Šurlan-Momirović2
1 Agricultural Research Institute ''Serbia", Center for Forage Crops, Krusevac
2 Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun
The present results are a part of investigations carried out on the starting selection material of three populations of the genus Agrostis L. species: A. capillaris L., A. stolonifera L. and A gigantea Roth. The method applied was inbreeding, that is creating of inbred lines of the starting material for cultivars selection. The aim of selection was to develop high-productive forage crops not present in our domestic assortment. The values obtained for plant growth, level of tillering, number of generative shoots. DM yield, seed yield and germination were compared between inbred and mother lines. The selection process was initiated in 1991 when best plants were selected by detailed morphological analyses and phenological observations. Inbreeding was carried out by standard procedure at the optimal stage of generative shoots formation. Plants of S1 lines produced from inbred seeds were tested with mother plants in the following two years. Inbreeding of S1 plants was done then and the obtained S2 lines were tested in the previous two years with mother lines as well, in 50 replications per progeny. The results were processed by the analysis of variance and significance of differences was tested by LSD test. Irrespective of its origin, the tested progeny of 6 populations of the species Agrostis capillaris L. did not show statistically significant difference for plant height. Very significantly higher DM yield was produced by S0 line of the population 1.18 (147.65 g/plant) compared with S2 line (104.58 g/plant). Population S2 1.18 produced very significantly higher DM yield. Seed yield in Si and S2 was very significantly higher compared with S0 in populations 1.27, 1.08 and 1.01, and in population 1.14 seed yield was significantly higher in all progenies. Seed vigor and germination was above 70% in S0 lines 1.26 and 1.27, in Si lines 1.01, 1.14 and 1.27, and in S2 lines from populations 1.14, 1.26 and 1.27. Results for 7 populations of the species Agrostis stolonifera L. show that shoot height was very significantly higher in the population S0 3.02 and significantly higher in the populations S2 3.27 and 3.42. Number of generative shoots and DM yield were very significantly higher in S0 3.08 compared with Si and S2. Seed vigor and total germination was above 70% in S0 3.02, 3.11 and 3.19, in Si 3.24 and 3.27 and in S2 3.02, 3.11, 3.19, 3.24 and 3.42. Traits of S0, Si and S2 lines of 7 populations of the species Agrostis gigantea Roth, were measured. Plant height was very significantly higher in S2 4.08, 4.16 and 4.18 and in St line 4.20. Number of generative shoots was very significantly higher only in the population S0 4.20. DM production was highest in the populations with highest number of shoots. However, seed yield demonstrated statistically very significantly higher difference in Si 4.06, 4.16 and 4.18. Seed germination above 70% was found in populations S0 4.05, 4.08 and 4.18 and in S2 lines in populations 4.02, 4.05 and 4.06. The results obtained for inbreeding depression across two generations of inbreeding as well as comparative testing of lines with mother plants allow for diversity in decision making about further applications of this method and about crossing and creating of hybrid progeny of new cultivars.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
REGENERATION OF PERENNIAL GRASSES SEEDS FROM THE COLLECTION OF THE PLANT GENE BANK
Zorica Tomić i Sokolović D.
Agricultural Research Institute "Serbia", Center for Forage crops, Krusevac
The collection of the plant gene bank of the Center for Forage Crops, Krusevac has been formed of seed samples of perennial grasses populations collected from the flora of Serbia in 1988. Seed samples of 5 perennial grasses species have been kept in the collection of the Yugoslav Plant Gene Bank, Belgrade since 1991. Regeneration of seed samples from the existing collection was done because seed germination had substantially declined during the past years. The collection contains seed samples of 10 perennial ryegrass populations (Lolium perenne L.), 5 cocksfoot populations (Dactylis glomerata L.), 35 colonial bentgrass populations (Agrostis capillaris L.), 33 creeping bentgrass populations (Agrostis stolonifera L.) and 15 red top populations (Agrostis gigantea Roth.). In the fall of 1996, in a glasshouse, each seed sample was separately sown in small rows in a dense stand. Young plantlets were transplanted in the spring of 1997 on a plot 4m2 in size, with 100 plants and replications in a plot. Samples were transplanted on the experimental field in isolation in a wheat crop. The spacing between small plots in isolation was 2m. Seed harvest was done successively, depending on maturing time. Seeds were dried to 5% moisture. The amount of all seed samples was determined and now they are kept in adequate bags till the examinations for germination ability. Afterwards, a 5-g amount of each seed sample will be delivered to the Plant Gene Bank, Belgrade for a long-term keeping under controlled conditions at -20°C. The results for the time of development, i.e. heading pertain to the populations of species, such as Lolium perenne L. May 3-14, Dactylis glomerata L. April 25 -May 5, Agrostis capillaris L. May 28-June 14, Agrostis stolonifera L. June 1-14, and Agrostis gigantea Roth June 6-12. Average seed yield in the samples of populations was:
Lolium perenne L. 162g, Dactylis glomerata L. 387g, Agrostis capillaris L. 121g, Agrostis stolonifera L. 108g, and Agrostis gigantea Roth. 82g. Data on seed vigor and germination for all samples are at and over standard germination level for species, i.e. more than 70 and 85%.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CLONAL ARCHIVES OF FIR WITH FASTIGIATE CROWN (Abies alba Mill. var. elegantissima Tošić) NEAR IVANJICA - PILOT PLOTS - FOR PROTECTION AND BREEDING
Mihailo Tošić
d. Tucovića 41/34, Užice
Fir variety with a fastigiate crown (Abies alba Mill. var. elegantissima Tosic) at Ogorijevac (south slopes of Mt. Javor) is a spontaneous generative mutant with specific morpho-physiological properties (Tosic, 1963, 1995). An extraordinary botanical rarity in the wider European area, this fir, i.e. its site has been designated a strict nature reserve, which is significant for its protection. However, when natural rarities are living organisms, namely forest trees created by mutation, this basic measure is insufficient for permanent protection. Generative mutants, especially conifers, are often characterized by slow growth compared to normal trees, which can be an advantage in horticulture, but in nature such trees rarely stand the competition of the surrounding faster-growing normal trees. Generative progeny is also variable, so some desirable phenotypes can be absent. In the aim of permanent conservation of this specific genotype, with extraordinary esthetical features, the author and the Forest Estate "Golija" at Ivanjica produced 600 grafts (ramets), of 6 trees (ortets) of generative origin. In the spring 1998 plantations were established at two sites near Ivanjica, i.e. at Raca - 207 and at Klekovica - 150 grafted seedlings. For safety reasons, at both sites, two separate plots were planted, so that a possible fire could not destroy the entire plantation. By heterovegetative reproduction of genotypes discovered at Ogorijevac and by the establishment of clonal plantations: (1) the genotypes are fixed and they will be protected from potential destruction (some trees were felled in the Reserve by unknown persons), (2) seed production from free and controlled fertilization is carried out in the aim of generative reproduction and further breeding and (3) secondary scions are used for further production of grafts, because the branches on younger trees are superior and more accessible than on those already overmature at Ogorijevac.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC POTENTIAL OF YIELD OF NEW ZP MAIZE (Zea mays L.) HYBRID COMBINATIONS
Trifunović B.V., Trifunović V., Stanković G.
Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Yugoslavia
The development of maize hybrids of high genetic potential of yield is based on the idea of the phenomenon of heterosis. Since the period of double-cross, three-way-cross and single cross hybrids, maize breeders have been striving to develop hybrids with top and stable yield, as well as with favourable agronomic traits. According to Trover (1996) the introduction of hybrids into the US agriculture started in 1933, while all areas under maize were planted by the hybrid seed in the beginning of the 1960's. In Yugoslavia, the US hybrids were grown at the end of the 50's. Local hybrids were introduced in the beginning of the 60's, while over 90% of areas under maize were planted with local maize hybrids at the end of the 60's. A 40-year contribution of the Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje to the increase of the total production of this, the most important field crop for us, amounts to 1% annually (Dumanovic, 1986).
In order to provide stable yield, the aim of the Institute was to develop the new medium maturing hybrids (FAO 400-500) of frequency of favourable alleles controlling yield not lagging behind high yielding hybrids of FAO maturity group 600-700 widely spread in the country (to about 80% areas). The trials with 24 maize hybrids (FAO 300 to FAO 700) were set up in 10 locations and carried out for two years under different agroecological conditions with the application of the common maize cropping practices.
The analysis of obtained results shows that frequency of favourable alleles controlling yield in hybrids of FAO maturity group 600-700 did not significantly change in relation to previously grown maize genotypes. However, the corresponding frequency in the new ZP hybrid combinations within the FAO maturity group 400-500 increased. This is indicated by the average increase of grain yield of these genotypes by 4.72% in relation to hybrids previously spread in the production. The new medium late maturity genotypes with the gene combination resulting in high genetic potential of yield of ZP maize hybrids were developed by directional yield selection and appropriate selection of the initial material (local x exotic germplasm).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC PARAMETERS OF THE FATTENING AND REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS OF SWEDISH LANDRACE
Trivunović Snežana1, Teodorović M.1, Petrović Milica2
1 Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad
2Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun
Reproduction results of 1422 sows of Swedish Landrace breed originating from 10 sires which were performance tested before used in the breeding have been used in the paper. Medium values of heritability 0.48, 0.40, 0.34, 0.55 were found for the lifetime daily gain, fat thickness, age at the end of the test and age at the first farrowing, respectively as well as the low heritability 0.14, 0.04, 0.15 for the reproductive traits such as the number of live-born, still-born and weaned piglets.
Genetic, phenotypic and environmental correlations were in agreement with those found in literature indicating that the selection for the fattening traits has no negative effect on the reproductive ones.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC -ECOLOGICAL BASES OF AILANTHUS (Ailanthus altissima Swingle) ADAPTATION IN SERBIA
Aleksandar
Tucović, Vasilije Isajev i Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić
Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade
Based on morpho-physiological analyses, experimental + laboratory tests and literature sources, this paper deals with the bases of ailanthus adaptation, as the allochthonous species in Serbia. The study was performed in several spontaneous populations in which several mother trees were selected and half-sib lines were produced from their seed. The stability and the competitiveness of trees in populations are the result of ontogenetic, population and phylogenetic adaptation. As the process of adaptation is performed at several levels (cell, tree, population, species), each has a specific criterion of adaptation. The results of half-sib line analyses confirm the hypothesis that high adaptation of ailanthus mature trees and populations is in fact a significant protection of the genetic potential of the species. Namely, high heterozygousness of trees stabilizes in the ontogeny the transition of the potential genetic variability into free one, available to natural selection. Although the time period between the program of ontogeny and population variability is very short, positive effects have already been recorded at individual and population levels (plus trees, minus trees, etc.). However, their long-time (phylogenetic) aspects can be programmed only theoretically, e.g. through the so-called complex model of tree and shrub breeding in Serbia. Phylogenetic adaptation, through successive generations, has a decisive role in ailanthus adaptation, not only within the scope of the cultigeneous but also within its total range of distribution.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
FLOWERING OF Acer saccharinum L. OCCURRENCE, FREQUENCY OF POLYGAMY AND SEX MOSAICS
Aleksandar Tucović, Vasilije Isajev i Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić
Šumarski fakultet, Beograd
An important place in tree breeding belongs to sexuality and flowering phenophase. Sexuality and flowering phenophase (inflorescences, flowers and trees) of fifty trees grown at the site of Quercetumfrainetto-cerris s.l. were analyzed. There are five types of inflorescences, flowers and six types of trees. Polygamy was recorded on 14% trees and sexual mosaics on 2%. Phenotypic and genetic differences between the parts of mosaic trees result from somatic mutations, which have an important role in the formation of sex-mosaics. The causes of sex mosaics and polygamous trees are in the scope of hypotheses, while their evident suppression within a tree is based on reparation mechanisms. Sex differences of raised trees lead to differences in pollination, i.e. to higher variability of fruits - heterocarpy, i.e. to changes in genetic structures of successive generations. The obvious practical aspect of the determined variability, starting from the nature and distribution of sexuality and reproduction specificity (allogamy, autogamy, apomixis) is that it enables the spontaneous and planned transformation of the species in our country.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
NEOTENY TYPES IN TREES AND SHRUBS AND THEIR INPORTACE
Aleksandar Tucović, Vasilije Isajev i Mirjana Šijačić-Nikolić
Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade
Early flowering of ailanthus and chaste tree is a cardinal process, which enables their specific adaptation. Premature sexual maturity (neoteny) i.e. the development of reproductive organs in the juvenile stage, is significant as it precedes fructification. This paper describes neoteny in ailanthus seedlings and in 2-3-month old root suckers of chase trees. The number of flowers and the structure of inflorescences in neoteny are significantly simplified. The flowers of ailanthus seedlings are individual and terminal, and the inflorescences in chase trees are much shorter, narrower, unbranched and vertical. Neoteny can be spontaneous - retentive and induced - stimulative. Neoteny is explained by the changes of interactions of trophic, hormonal and genetic systems. A narrower explanation of interaction mechanisms is one of the most complex fields of tree and shrub physiology. The properties of juvenile organisms with very early flowering indicate that the genetic and physiological base of neoteny is very old and that it can be classified as an example of series of parallel hereditary variability, occurring in phylogenetically very distant families, genera and species.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
BALKAN MAPLE GENERATIVE SEED ORCHARD I NEAR IVANJICA - PILOT PLOT FOR BALKAN MAPLE BREEDING
Gordana Ćurčić1, Vasilije Isajev2, Mihailo Tošić3
1 JP "Srbijasume'Torest Estate "Golija" Ivanjica
2Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade,
3D. Tucovića 41/34, Užice
The enhancement and intensifying of technically valuable timber production requires the increased share of valuable broadleaves in our forests. In this aim, valuable broadleaf seedlings (sycamore, ash, cherries, etc.) are increasingly produced in forest nurseries. Seed orchards are preferable in order to achieve the desirable properties of seeds and nursery stock for afforestation programs. Balkan maple (Acer heldreichii Orph.), the Balkan Peninsula relic and endemic, is distributed in the higher parts of mountains in Serbia and wider. On the mountains Golija and Javor it has optimal conditions for development, so its trees attain imposing dimensions (diameter often above 50 cm and height up to 25 m). The representation of superior trees in the autochthonous population of Balkan maple, its good-quality technical wood and its exceptional pioneer role in natural regeneration of the destroyed (fire or other agents) forest vegetation, were decisive factors for the establishment of Balkan maple seed stands and superior seed trees in the territory of Forest Estate "Golija" at Ivanjica. Aiming at producing selected seed and further breeding of this species, a generative seed orchard - pilot plot was established in 1994 on 105.54 ha near Ivanjica on the site of as Fagetum montanum Rud. By planting 2962 seedlings in 26 half-sib families from seed trees selected as superior for their morphological (technical) and physiological properties, we created the basis for the production of good quality seed for reproduction and further breeding of this valuable species. This paper presents the method and technology of plantation establishment, survival and seedling development during three growth seasons after planting.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ESTABLISHING RESISTANCE TO Verticillium albo atrum IN THE PROGENY OF ALFALFA (Medicago sativa L.) GENOTYPES
Biljana Urošević, Jasmina Radović, Zorica Tomić
Agricultural Research Institute "Serbia", Center for Forage Crops, Krusevac
Verticillium albo atrum causes root and crown rot in alfalfa, which is followed by wilting. By developing persistent mycelium and swollen walls, the parasite thrives well in the soil regardless of its acidity. Alfalfa vascular diseases, such as rotting, wilting, dying from exposure to freezing are all typical symptoms of this pathogen presence. The nature of the disease makes chemical control ineffective and therefore the only solution is selection for resistance. To determine resistance to Verticillium albo atrum, we have tested the progeny of 14 genotypes using the root cut and dip method. Comparisons were made with internationally recognized testers for this feature, such as variety Maris Kabul - a positive tester and varieties Evropa and Everest - negative testers. Eight weeks after planting of the selected material, sprouted plantlets were taken out from the substrate, root and above-ground parts were cut, and plantlets were dipped in this pathogen suspension. After dipping of the root system, the remaining part of inoculum was put into the substrate, where plants were planted. Six weeks after inoculation, observations of the survived material were carried out. Foliar symptoms were assessed on a 0-5 scale. Resistance of the studied material is presented in % of resistant plants and by DSI index. The results show that our domestic material is substantially resistant to the examined pathogen compared with a positive tester, variety Maris Kabul that had 68.83% of survived plants and DSI index 2.48. When compared with a negative tester, variety Everest (13.75% of survived plants and DSI index 4.40), progeny of 7 genotypes exhibited statistically significant resistance (26.GO-61.73% of resistant plants). When compared with another negative tester, variety Evropa (28% of survived plants and DSI index 3.74), progeny of 6 genotypes manifested higher resistance, while progeny of only one genotype had statistically significantly better resistance. On the basis of % of resistant plants and DSI index, it can be concluded that 4 examined genotypes (2.26-3.35 DSI index) manifested satisfactory resistance to this pathogen, though considerably lower than a positive tester, and they will be taken for further selection. Attention should be also paid particularly to individual plants of susceptible genotypes, for they may also be the carriers of resistance to this pathogen, considering high alfalfa variability. Further studies will focus on establishing resistance inheritance and on production of alfalfa lines resistant to Verticillium albo atrum.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
APPLICATION OF PROTEIN MARKERS IN "GENETIC PURITY" TESTING OF MAIZE GENOME
Filipović M., Drinić Mladenović S., Milojević G. i Konstantinov K.
Maize Research Institute, 11080 Zemun Polje-Belgrade
Maintenance of genetic uniformity of maize inbred lines and hybrids is one of request for successful commercial hybrid seed production. Embryo salt soluble proteins as genetic markers for parental lines and commercial hybrids genotypic identification as well as "genetic purity" determination were used. All study hybrids, as well as, their parental components have specific protein pattern. Some of the protein fractions appeared for each genotype at the same position and could be used as reference bands. Protein fraction common for both parents or inherited only from one parent as well as hybrid specific protein, fraction were detected in the hybrids.; The uniform protein pattern was found in all individual samples in all studied hybrids, pointing to genetic purity of observed seed.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF STEM TRAITS IN WINTER WHEAT
Nikola Hristov1, Novica Mladenov1, Marija Kraljević-Balalić2
1 Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops Novi Sad, Yugoslavia
2 Faculty of Agriculture Novi Sad
The diversity of quantitative traits (plant height, internode number, top internode length) in thirty winter wheat cultivars (12 domestic and 18 foreign) was investigated. In both years of the experiment (1996 and 1997), the traits were analyzed using the standard statistical methods. The results have shown that the cultivars under study differ significantly. The highest variability (expressed as the coefficient of variation) was found in top internode length (CV=10.2%) and the lowest in plant height (CV=5.7%). The percentage contribution of genetic variance to total genetic divergence was as follows: plant height - 84.7%; top internode length - 83.9% and internode number - 66.2%. High heritability values were obtained for all the studied traits. The highest values were obtained for plant height (95.6%), followed by top internode length (92.4%) and internode number (90.0%). Correlation analysis has shown that there are positive correlations between all the investigated traits, the most notable among which is the highly significant positive correlation (1=0.931**) between plant height and top internode length.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INHERITANCE MODE AND PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY FOR FRUIT FIRMNESS IN nor and rin TOMATO GENOTYPES
Cvikić Deian1, Jasmina Zdravković1, Gordana Šurlan Momirović2, Sušić Zoran1, Đorđević Radiša1
1 Agricultural research Institute "Srbija", Centre for Vegetable Crops, Karađorđeva 71, 11420 Smederevska Palanka, cfvcsp@eunet.YU
2 Agicultural Faculty, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Zemun
By using the method of diallel (without reciprocal crosses), we carried out the crossing of two tomato lines with normal ripening and four mutant lines characterized by postponed shelf life (nor and rin). The genetic analysis was made both of parental lines and their descendants, F1 and F2 generations. The mode of inheritance for fruit firmness was estimated by using the significance test of mean values of F1 and F2 generations as compared to the mean values of their parents. The segregation of the genetic variance was performed by applying the Mather and Jinks method (1971), while their combining abilities were analyzed by the Griffing method (1956), method 2, mathematical model 1.
As for the inheritance mode of the fruit firmness feature in tomato, both investigated generations showed the following modes of inheritance: intermediary' inheritance mode, partial dominance of parents with the soft and the firm fruit, dominance of parents with the soft and the firm fruit, as well as superdominance of parents with the firm fruit. The additive variance prevailed over the dominance one. The highest heterosis for the feature of fruit firmness was found in the hybrid NR-2 x NR-12 (18,93%). Three parental lines (NR-3, NR-11 and NR-12) were characterized by significant GCA values in Fl and F2 generations, while significant SCA values were found in the two Fl hybrids (NR-2 x NR-12 and NR-11 x NR-12).
The mutant tomato lines (NR-3, NR-11 and NR-12) were characterized by greater firmness as compared to the normal lines, and possessing such features, they should be included in the selection programs. The main reason for this is the fact that these programs are aimed at creating commercial Fl hybrids with firm fruits.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
COMBINING ABILITIES, GENE ACTION, AND INTERDEPENDENCE OF SEVERAL TRAITS OF SUGAR BEET ROOT (Beta vulgaris L.)
Nikola Čačić, Lazar Kovačev, Snežana Mezei, Pave Sklenar i Nevena Nagl
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, M. Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad
Since sugar beets are grown for their roots, researchers working on this crop species have been paying a great deal of attention to studying this part of the sugar beet plant. Sugar beet breeders are particularly interested in the combining abilities, mode of inheritance, and the interdependence of root traits. Used in this study were four multigerm pollinators (two diploid and two tetraploid) and four cms lines as well 16 F1 hybrids developed by crossing the pollinators with the cms lines. Five root traits were analyzed: root mass, crown mass, refractive dry matter content, root diameter, and root length. Data for determining the combining abilities were processed using the line x tester method, while the interdependence of the traits was determined using correlation analysis. Good special combining ability (SCA) values were most often found in hybrid combinations in which one of the parents had a good and the other a poor general combining ability (GCA) as well as in combinations in which both parents had a good GCA. The relationship between additive and dominant variance showed that dominant gene effects were more significant in the inheritance of root mass and crown mass, while the additive ones had more significance in the inheritance of dry matter content and root length. Root diameter was affected equally by both types of gene effects. A weak negative correlation (r=-0.338) was found between root mass and dry matter content, while between root mass and crown mass and root mass and root diameter there were strong positive correlations (r=0.913 and 0.778, respectively).
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
TESTING WHEAT GENOTYPES FOR HERBICIDE TOLERANCE BY IN VITRO CULTURE
Šesek S. i Ankica Kondić
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
Tolerance of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes to sulfonylurea, the active ingredient of the Granstar herbicide, was studied using in vitro mature embryo culture. The tolerance was tested on a modified MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) nutrient medium, which was enriched with tree different concentrations of sulfonylurea (1-18.75 mgl-1, 11-37.50 mgl-1, HI-56.25 mgl-1). Four cultivars, Pesma, Stepa, Renesansa and Proteinka, were used for isolation. During three months of cultivation , the survival of calluses and regenerants were observed. After that, callus' fresh weight and dry matter content were measured.
The results showed that calluses of all cultivars exhibited a satisfactory level of tolerance to sulfonylurea, because in all of the treatments they had more than 50% of survived calluses. In the treatment with the highest sulfonylurea concentration (111-56.25 mgl-1) cv. Pesma had the highest callus survival rate (81%), while the other three cultivars had significantly lower rates (Proteinka-71.3%, Stepa-67.9% and Renesansa-55.3%). Regenerants of all cultivars exhibited an increased sensitivity to the presence of sulfonylurea. The sensitivity was especially pronounced in treatments II and III, in which only cv. Stepa had 50% of survived plants while the other cultivars had lower survival rates.
Treatments II and III had inhibitory effects on callus fresh weight in cultivars Pesma and Renesansa. In cv. Stepa, the callus fresh weight was significantly decreased relative to the control only in the treatment with the highest sulfonylurea concentration. In cv. Proteinka, the callus fresh weight was not significantly decreased by any treatment Although the studied concentrations of sulfonylurea had no significant effect on dry matter content in the studied development stages, they did affect the development and growth of callus tissue.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
OCCURRENCE OF THE RACE R1 EXSEROHILUM TURCICUM (PASS.) LEONARD & SUGSS PATHOGENIC TO MAIZE
Lević Jelena i Tijana Petrović
Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Belgrade-Zemun
Theoretical analysing (Leonard et al., 1989) and crosses in laboratories (Fallah Moghaddam and Pataky, 1994) indicate that the number of E. turcicum races is greater than nine, as many as it was detected in nature (Bergquist and Masias, 1974; Thakur et al., 1989a; Windels and Pederson, 1991; Leonard, 1993; Gianasi et al., 1996). The races RO and Rl were identified in Europe, while only RO was identified in Yugoslavia. The race E. turcicum is characteristic by chlorotic spots in maize genotypes with the major genes Htl, Ht2, Ht3 and Htn.
In 1999, two types of spots caused by E. turcicum were determined on a leaf of the experimental hybrid TC 584/9-1. The isolates Rl63/99 and 163/99 were obtained from chlorotic and non-chlorotic spots, respectively. Spore suspension of these isolates was used for inoculation of inbreds A632Ht, A619Ht2, H95Ht3 and A632Htn at 4-5-leaf phenostage. The symptom type was evaluated four weeks after inoculation under controlled conditions.
Observed inbreds manifested chlorotic spots in relation to both isolates, except A632Ht to 163/99. These results define the isolates R163/99 and 163/99 as races RO (Htl, Ht2, Ht3, Htn/) and Rl (Ht2, Ht3, Htn/Htl), respectively. Thereby, the presence of the E. turcicum race R1 was, for the first time, confirmed in Yugoslavia.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
INFLUENCE OF LONG-TERM MASS SELECTION ON CHANGES IN FATTY ACID COMPOSITION IN TWO HIGH OIL MAIZE (Zea mays L.) POPULATIONS
Saratlić G., Rošulj M. i K. Konstantinov
Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", Belgrade – Zemun
The quality of plant oil is determined with the presence and position of unsaturated fatty acids bonded in the triglyceride molecules. The fatty acid chain length, level of unsaturation and fatty acid position in the triglyceride molecules, are genetically determined. In this study will be discussed fatty acids composition in the germ, and genetic control of their inheritance in DS7u and YuSSSu high oil synthetic maize populations after seven cycles of mass recurrent selection for high oil content. Simultaneously with oil content increase in the both populations, the fatty acid compositions were changed too. The changes in palmitic (C160) and stearic (C180) saturated fatty acids content were not significant in both populations after selection. In DS7u population, the content of unsaturated oleic (C181) fatty acid significant increased and content of linoleic (C182) fatty acid significant decreased after selection. There was no evidence for changes in these two unsaturated fatty acids content in YuSSSu population. The C160/C180 ratio decreased, while C181/C182 ratio increased in both populations during selection process. In the base DS7u C0 and YuSSSu Cn populations the saturated palmitic (C160) and stearic (C180) and unsaturated oleic (C181) and linoleic (C182) fatty acids were controlled by alleles with additive effects. The dominance effects have no important role in the fatty acids composition inheritance. Due to selection, the frequency of alleles with additive effects controlling oleic (C181) fatty acid was increased in both populations. Significant increase and decrease in frequency of alleles with additive effects were found for stearic (C180) and linoleic (C182) fatty acids, respectively. The obtained results indicated that the oil from DS7u population could be considered as the higher quality oil compared to that from YuSSSu population.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ESTIMATION OF GENETIC GAIN IN NARROW BASED POPULATION OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) USING DIFFERENT POPULATION SIZES
Nenad Delić
Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Yugoslavia
The effect of F2 population size (100, 200, 300 and 500 plants) on parameter of genetic gain were investigated. Investigation was based on S] test crosses. The model for genetic gain per cycle by the application of half-sib recurrent selection, using three levels (20%, 10%. 5%) of selection intensities (Sprague and Eberhart, 1997) were applied. Relative values of the genetic gain for all intensities were varied in narrow interval with alteration of F2 population size. By comparison of grain yield means for applied intensities in each population size separately, we found significant defer between extreme intensities (20% and 5%). For F2 population sizes from 200 to 500 plants, maximal intensity (5%) is recommended. The advisable selection intensity for F2 population size of 100 plants is 10%.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
COMPARISON OF CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS AND POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION FOR THE DETECTION OF t(14;18) IN FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA
Koviljka Krtolica1, Milica Radojković2. D. Marinković1, L. Ristić3 i Biljana Todorić3
1Institut za nuklearne nauke "Vinča"
2KBC Dr Dragiša Mišović
3Vojno-medicinska akademija, Beograd, Jugoslavija
Follicular lymphoma is characterized by the t(14;18) (q32;q21) in approximately 85% of cases. The chromosomal breakpoints of this translocation involve the immunoglobulin havy chain gene (IgH) at 14q32 and the bcI-2 gene at 18q21. The translocation results in deregulated expression of the bcl-2 protein that functions normally in the prevention of programmed cell death.
Detection of t( 14; 18) may be of value in the clinical investigation of malignant lymphoma for confirmation of diagnosis, for assessment of disease stage and minimal disease and for the evaluation of investigative therapies. For these potential applications, it is essential that the sensitivity and specificity of the tests used to detect the t(14;18) rearrangement be fully validated.
This study was undertaken to compare the activity of cytogenetic analysis and the polymerize chain reaction to detect the t(14;18) in Non-Hodgkin Follicular Lymphoma. The material for the cytogenetic analysis has been obtained by fine needle aspiration of a lymph node. Chromosomal preparation have been done after 24h of cell culture in 20% of autologous serum by HG banding technique. DNA was isolated from paraffin embedded tissue and was subjected to PCR analysis. All four cytogenetically detected t(14;18) were successfully amplified by PCR reaction. The specificity of the amplified DNA product was confirmed by nested PCR. To evaluate the efficacy of PCR experiments, amplification of the t(14;18) positive SuDHL-4 cell line cells serially diluted in normal blood cells was performed. In our conditions the 10-4 dilution gave a band, visible after silver staining of the polyacrylamid gel.
We conclude that cytogenetic analysis remains the mainstay for detection of most impact on diagnosis and monitoring the disease progression, whereas the molecular analysis enhance the sensitivity for detection of t(14; 18) in malignant lymphoma.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES IN CHILDREN WITH MENTAL RETARDATION ASSOCIATED WITH DYISMORPHIA
O. Miljanović, M. Kaluđerović
Dječja klinika - KBC Crne Gore, Podgorica
Introduction: About 15% of children with mental retardation (MR) have pathological changes in chromosomes, associated with expressive dysmorphic signs in their phenotype.
Subjects and methods: The aim of study was to assess the frequency of chromosome abnormalities in children with MR and expressive dysmorphic signs. The cytogenetic analyses were done for children with MR and high dysmorphic score ( ≥ 7). The Waldrop protocol for the assessment of dysmorphology was used. A sample of 217 children with MR was examined.
Results: Chromosome abnormalities were found in 59.5% of children with expressive dysmorphic signs and MR, predominantly in those from the group with severe and deep MR. Only 4.3% of the group with easier forms of MR, had chromosome abnormalities (autosome and gonosome abnormalities were found in equal number). In the group with severe and deep MR. all pathological changes were found on autosomal chromosomes (16.5% children from this group). Leading chromosome abnormality was trisomy of 21 chromosome, present in 6.9% children with MR. with reference to 15.2% of children with severe and deep MR.
Conclusion: Ethiologic basis of MR in children with expressive dysmorphic signs, are mostly chromosomal abnormalities, specialy in the group with severe and deep MR (72.2%). Assessment of dysmorphic score by Waldrop protocol, is simple, quick and aplicative method useful as a criterion for cytogenetic analyses and revealing of MP ethiology.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
K-ras AND p53 MUTATIONS - IMPLICATIONS TO PROGNOSIS AND SENSITIVITY TO THERAPY IN LUNG CANCER PATIENTS
Gordana Anđelić1, Zvonko Magić1, Ljiljana Martac1, Ilija Tomić3, Vladislav Stepić2 i Vladimir Mrđa3
1 Institute for Medical Research
2 Clinic for Cardial and Thoricic Surgery
3 Clinic for Pulmonary Diseases, Military Medical Academy, Beograd
We analysed K-ras and p53 mutation presence in three patients with various hystological types of lung cancer and various stages of the disease who were treated by plethora of therapy modalities: surgery plus adjuvant therapy - radiation and/or chemotherapy. The results of applied therapy modalities were very good in two cases, but therapy failed in one case. Having in mind that the efficiency of lung cancer cure is very low, we tried to explain high efficiency of adjuvant therapy for the two patients considering the genetic basis of their tumors. We suppose that absence of mutations in K-ras and p53 oncogenes induced radiosensitivity and chemosensitivitv of these tumors and thus induced high efficiency of the treatment intent in the two patients. On the other hand, one patient with mutation in these oncogenes had very bad outcome. We analysed mutations in these oncogenes by PCR-SSCP.
The first patient having lung adenocarcinoma and solitary brain metastasis (stage IV) was submitted to brain tumor extirpation and underwent 2 cycles of polychemiotherapy. This therapy reduced the stage of the disease (stage 1) and thus patient was submitted to thoracotomy and primary tumor extirpation. After that he got another 4 cycles of chemiotherapy. His disease-free period was 2,5 years. The second patient with anaplastic, partially small-cell lung carcinoma was submitted to tumor resection and 5 cycles of chemiotherapy after that. Disease-free period was 7 years. After that period, squamous cell lung carcinoma was diagnosed (stage I) and respected. Patient is still in remission, for more than one year. Both patients are K-ras and p53 mutations negative, respectfully. The third patient with giantocellular anaplastic lung carcinoma had solitary' brain metastasis that was extirpated due to vital indications. He was submitted to radiotherapy and primary' tumor resection. Disease-free period was only one month. The patient was submitted to recramotomy. but 6 months later he died. We detected mutation in the p53 gene both in primary tumor and also in metastatic tumor tissue.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
FLUORESCENT IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION (FISH) IN CLINICAL AND FUNDAMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS
Vesna Verbić, Danica Grujić, Milena Stevanović
Institute of molecular genetic and genetic engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a P. O. Box 794, 11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia
Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is new, highly sensitive method that enables visual identification of chromosomes or part of chromosomes fixed on slides.
The advantages such as speed, sensitivities, accuracy and reliability make FISH widespread in clinical cytogenetics, prenatal diagnosis, infectious decease diagnosis and tumor biology.
We applied FISH on variety of cell types including lymphocytes from peripheral blood, chorionic cells and cultured amniocytes from cordocentesis. We have used probes for chromosomes 1, 13, 18, 21, X and Y. Probes were chemically modified with reporter molecule sach as biotin and signals were detected in immunocytochemical reaction by binding specific antibody conjugated with fluorocllrome. Visualization of the signals was performed on fluorescent microscope. Signals were detected both on metaphase chromosomes and interphase nuclei.
Although several years of trails and experiences have proven the usefulness of technique, FISH should be used as an adjunctive test for classical cytogenetics analysis and for restricted number of cases when banding techniques are ineffective.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ROLE OF SYNUCLEIN IN NEUROPHATOLOGY OF PARKINSON’S DISEASE
Slobodanka Vukosavić1, Serge Przedborski2
1Biološki Fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu
2Columbia University, New York
Parkinson's disease (PD) is major progressive neurological disease. Recent discovery of alpha-synuclein gene mutation in several Greek and Italian families (Polimeropulous et al. 1997) inspired many researchers to look for a role of synuclein in pathogenesis of PD. Investigations of PD pathology was improved with the development of animal model such is MPTP model. In our study we have used chronic and acute application of MPTP to mice, neurotoxin which selectively affects the dopammergic neurons mat are undergoing degeneration in PD patients. After MPTP application we have followed changes in expression of synuclein 1 (mouse analogue to human alpha synuclein) in affected (ventral midbrain, striatum) and non-affected mouse brain regions (cerebellum, hippocampus, frontal cortex). Results obtained by western blotting and RT PCR showed increased expression of synuclein 1 inRNA and protein in affected brain regions, while in non affected regions expression of synuclein 1 was unchanged. Specificity of observed changes was tested also by analysis of changes in related proteins (synaptophisine and thyrosin-hydroxilase, TH). Expression of synaptophisine was unchanged, while levels of TH inRNA and proteins were decreased in affected brain regions only. Using immunohistochemical labeling we have showed wide distribution of synuclein in mouse brain, as well as co-localization of synuclein and TH in ventral midbrain domapinergic neurons, the ones that are affected by MPTP toxicity. In order to look for possible pathological actions of increased levels of synuclein, we have analyzed synuclein interactions with other stress-related proteins. Using immunoprecipitation we showed interactions between synuclein and nilroryrosine, one of the major products of oxidative damage process in the cell. Moreover, on postmortem samples from PD patients we have shown increased levels of synuclein protein, as well as high levels of nitration (co-immunoprecipitation with nitrotyrosine). These changes were specific only for substantia nigra, affected brain region. All together, these results suggest important role of synuclein in pathology of PD.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CYTOGENETIC AND MOLECULAR STUDIES IN SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION DISORDERS
M. Guć-Šćekić1, D.Radivojević1, M. Đurišić1, N. Arsić2, M. Stevanović2, D. Zdravković1, K. Sedlečki1, M.Banićević1
1 Mother and Child Health Institute R. Serbia, Radoja Dakića 6-8. Novi Beograd,
2 Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
The present report describes the results of cytogenetic-molecular studies in 256 patients with several degrees of sexual differentiation disorders. In 93% of patients the karyotypes were determined precisely using metaphase and prometaphase chromosomes analysis.FISH analysis with DNA probes specific for centromeric regions of X(DXZot) and Y(DYZ1) chromosomes were carried out in 18 patients (7%).Abnormal chromosomal complement was detected in 50 patients (19,5%). Karyotype 45,X was found in 17 patients (34%);karyotype 47,XXY was found in 3 patients (6%).In 11 patients (22%) mosaic karyotypes were found with presence of cell lines with structurally normal X or Y chromosomes.In the remaining 19 patients (38%) mosaic and non-mosaic karyotypes were detected with structurally abnormal sex chromosomes. Among 206 patients with normal karyotypes 6-46,XY patients had testicular feminisation,2-46,XY patients and 1-46,XX patient had sex reversal phenotypes. The presence or absence of testis determining factor SRY in XX males and XY females was confirmed by PCR amplification of SRY coding region.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CAT EYE SYNDROME - CASE REPORT
Slobodanka Grković, Vesna Ivanović Deretić
University Children's Hospital Belgrade, Tirsova 10
Cat Eye Syndrome is rare chromosomal disorder in which the short arm (p) and a small portion of the long arm (q) of chromosome 22 (22pter → 22q11) are present three or four times in cells of the body. A small supernumerary chromosome (smaller than chromosome 21) frequently has two centromers is bisatellited and represents an inv.dup.
Symptoms and physical characteristics associated with Cat Eye Syndrome may vary in severity from case to case. This syndrome is characterized clinically by abnormalities on the eyes, ears, the gastrointestinal and/or genital and urinary tracts, the heart, kidneys, and/or skeletal system.
Syndrome is usually sporadic.
Case report
A 3-month old female was sent to the hospital due to congenital heart defect.
Clinical findings: coloboma of the iris on the left side, preauricular tags on the both sides. Congenital heart defect-tetralogy of Fallot; anus vulvaris, cista ductus holedocus. Renal ECHO: within normal limits.
Karyotype: 47.XX mar. + (22pter → 22q11)
Family history: within normal limits.
Nowadays the diagnosis is based on the presence of an extra marker chromosome bv FISH examination
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
MOLECULAR GENETIC ANALYSIS OF PREMALIGNANT AND MALIGNANT LESIONS OF ORAL CAVITY
N. Dedović, J. Milašin, O. Josipović, M. Vukadinović i B. Dimitrijević
1INN „Vinča“
2Klinika za makslilofaciajalnu hirurgiju, Stomatološki fakultet, Beograd
Leukoplakia is a white patch of oral mucosa that cannot be rubbed off and cannot characterized clinically (WHO '77. Y.). Due to pronounced heterogeneity of this disease, leukoplakias are normally classified as 3 types: Leukoplakia simplex, leukoplakia of endophytic type (papillary) and exophytic type. Malignant transformation of leukoplakias to sqamous cell carcinoma differs in various studies, in range 1-17% depending on the type. In order to provide better understanding of molecular pathogenesis of this premalignant disorder we performed mutational analysis of 30 samples of leukoplakias and 30 planocellular carcinoma of vermilion. The analysis included: (1) determination of oncogenic status of representative loci (H-ras oncogene and p53 tumor suppressor gene); (2) genomic instability exemplified as loss of heterozygosity or instability of short repetitive sequences (microsatellites). This report presents correlation between molecular abnormalities in DNA and the type of leukoplakias, their propensity to recur and status/grade of malignant carcinoma of vermilion. Prognostic and diagnostic significance of detected molecular parameters will be discussed.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS REVIEW OF A CASE
Jasmina Djurković
HEALTH CENTER, Subotica, Department of Genetic
Acanthosis Nigricans is an autosomal dominant hereditary' disease. Basic clinical characteristics are: wrinkled skin, aged person's face appearance, hyperpigmentation and hyperkeratotic plaques that are most often localized on the neck, axillae, inguinal region. On other parts of skin, there are papillomatosis formations. Pruritus is apparent. Blue scleras are present. Hyperelasticity of skin and joint hypermobililty and global hypotonia. Mental development is regular. Often associated with endocrinopaties and abdominal adenocarcinoma in adult age. No specific therapy.
A case of a boy who has been examined as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, which is the most often differential diagnosis of this disease, has been reviewed in this work. In genealogy, close relatives have increased skin elasticity and joint hypermobility. Histopatologic findings of skin biopsy has contributed to establishment of real diagnosis.
Risk of repetition in the next pregnancy is 50%. Karyotype is regular, so cytogenetic prenatal analysis has no importance. Molecular diagnostics is not possible for the time being. Prenatal diagnosis comprises fetal skin biopsy in XXII week of gestation. Having in mind distinct surplus of skin, a suggestion has been given for nuhal translucency determination in X-XII week of gestation, as an early prenatal observation.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
MITOTIC AND PROLIFERATION INDICES OF HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES TREATED WITH OXYTOCIN IN VITRO
Ninoslav Djelić
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Beogradu, Bil. JNA 18, 11000 Beograd
Although oxytocin is a peptide hormone product of neurohypophysis, it is well established that certain peripheral tissues (ovary, oviduct, testis, thymus, adrenal gland) are capable to synthesize oxytocin that is involved in autocrine and paracrine control [1]. In vitro genotoxicity testing of oxytocin pointed to negative results. [2]. Since there is experimental evidence that oxytocin can replace inerleukin-2 in mitogenic induction of T lymphocytes [3], the objectives of this investigation were to examine possible changes in mitotic activity and cell cycle kinetics of cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes treated with oxytocin (Syntocinon®, SANDOZ, CAS No 50-56-6).
In order to obtain successive visualization of sister-chromatids, at the beginning of incubation 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine was added to cultivation vials. After standard chromosome preparation, staining of metaphase spreads was performed according to FPG procedure (Perry and Wolff, 1974). The experimental results in this investigation clearly indicate that oxytocin has not changed mitotic index, and has not influenced cell cycle kinetics of human lymphocytes in culture.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
TURNER'S SYNDROME WITH DE NOVO BALANCED TRANSLOCATION t(l;9) AND RING (X) CHROMOSOME
V. Đorđević, M. Pantić, *M. Đurović, A. Novak
Institute of Hematology
* Institute of Endocrinology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
From 6% to 15% of the patients with Turner's syndrome have a mosaic karyotype, i.e. a 45. X cell line and another with a small sex chromosome marker of undetermined origin, which may be a ring or a centric fragment. Balanced reciprocal translocations, between any two nonhomologous autosome chromosomes, in Turner's syndrom also have been seen. However, balanced reciprocal translocations associated with ring (X) chromosome in mosaic karyotype of Turner’s syndrome have been not published yet. We present a 19 year old female patient with Turner's syndrome and karyotype: 46,X,r(X),t(1;9)(p11;p11) / 45,X,t(l;9)(p11;p11). Cytogenetic analysis was performed using HG-banded chromosome preparations from peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures. Karyotype of the proband showed balanced translocation, between the whole long ami of chromosome 1 and whole long arm of chromosome 9, in 32 analyzed methaphases (100%). A ring chromosome was discovered in 12% (4/32) and loss of X chromosome in 88% (28/32) analyzed methaphases. Chromosome analysis of both parents showed the normal karyotype. For the identification of the ring chromosome, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was done with biotin- labelled alphoid repetitive DNA sequence, specific for the centromere region of the human X chromosome. We conclude that balanced translocation t(1;9) is de novo chromosomal rearrangement present only in the proband with Turner's syndrome. The ring (X) chromosome and loss of X chromosome in the combination with balanced translocation was associated with the typical Turner's phenotype.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
DER (14)t(1; 14)(q11; q11) IN CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA: A NEW ABNORMALITY CHARACTERIZED BY CYTOGENETIC AND FLUORESCENCE in situ STUDIES
V. Đorđević. M. Pantić, A. Novak, N. Suvajdžić, M. Čolović
Institute of Hematology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Chromosome 1 aberrations are very common in most hematologic malignansies. Duplications involving all or part of the long arm of chromosome 1(1q) and whole-arm translocations of 1q are widely reported in neoplasia, but the origin of these major genomic rearrangements remains unclear. However, a special type of whole-arm translocation, somehow including an extra copy of Iq and its subsequent movement to another chromosome, creates a partial trisomy of the whole long arm. Extra copies of 1q can occur in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The mechanism involved in the Iq instability in MDS, as well as in another myeloproliferative disorders, may be associated with highly decondensed pericentromeric heterochromatin. We present a new aberration, unbalanced whole-arm translocation of Iq and chromosome 14 in the bone marrow of a patient with MDS-chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (MDS-CMML). Cytogenetic analysis was performed on bone marrow cells, without stimulation, and chromosomes were identified by HG-banding technique. The karyotype was: 46, XY, der (14) t(1:14)(q11;q11). FISH analysis with Q -satellite probe for the long arm of chromosome 1(qcen-q12) confirmed partial trisomy of 1q in a form of the unbalanced derivate chromosome. The abnormal karyotype, with three signals, was detected in 100% of analyzed metaphases, but on the level of interphase cells, a normal population (with two signals) persist in 25% of cells. Differences between methaphases and interphases, observed by FISH method, suggest that this aberration (+1q) provide a proliferative advantage of this cells population.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENOTYPE-PHENOTYPE CORRELATION IN TWO DMD/BMD PATIENTS WITH LARGE DELETIONS IN DYSTROPHIN GENE
M. Djurišić1, M.Guć-Šćekić1, T. Lalić1, D. Radivojević1, D. Zamurović1, M. Đurić1, S. Todorović2
1 Mother and Child Health Institute, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
2 Department of neurology Institute for neurology and psychiatry for children and youth
Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies (DMD/BMD) are allelic, X-linked neuromuscular disorders caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. Deletions or duplications of one or more exons in this gene lead to appearance of disease in approximately 2/3 of the cases. Among 110 DMD/BMD patients analysed for deletions of 18 exons, 67 patients (60,9%) had deletions of one or more exons. Only two patients (2,9%) had a large deletions (over 25 exons). One patient with BMD had deletion between exons 13-42 and the other with more severe form, DMD, had deletions between exons 3-44. Both patients had severe form of the disease among their groups (DMD and BMD), but clinical differences between them are evident. These differences could be explained by frame-shift hypothesis.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
ALLELE DISTRIBUTION OF TWO VNTR AND TWO STR LOCI IN POPULATION OF SERBIA
Zarovni Nataša, Georgijević Dubravka, Radojković Dragica
Institute for molecular genetics and genetic engineering
A population study on two short tandem repeat (STR) loci - TH01 and vWA, and two variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci - D1S80 and APOB, was performed on 118 unrelated Caucasians from Serbia.
All analyzed loci were amplified by the polymerise chain reaction (PCR). Separation and detection of the amplified VNTR and STR fragments was carried out by agarose and/or polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and staining with EtBr and silver, respectively. Observed allele frequencies and genotype distributions for all four loci are very similar to those in other European populations and are consistent with those expected under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
Our results strongly suggest that these loci are highly polymorphic in our population, and therefore couuld be used as very informative markers for DNA typing, further restriction analysis of this region it is possible to detect the existence of these duplications or deletions in the genome of the patient. PCR method is easy, quick and cheap and is a method of choice for precise diagnostics.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
PCR DIAGNOSTICS OF CHARCOT MARRIE TOOTH
Zamurović N., Čuljković B., Stojković, O., Major T., Keckarević D., Savić D. i Romac S.
Biološki fakultet
Charrcot Marie Tooth syndrome belongs to the group of hereditary heterogenic motor and sensor neuropathies. The most frequent form of this disease is hereditary demiyeliating neuropathy, so called CMT type 1, which is characterized by the weakness and atrophy of distal musculature, the absence or weakness of deep tendon reflexes and sensor deficit. CMT1 is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant way, although there are cases reported to be X linked, recessive and sporadic. In 70% of all CMT1 cases, it was shown that the cause of the disease is the duplication of 1.5Mb long region on chromosome 17pll.2 (CMT1A). Inside this region is the gene for peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) and it is considered that the existence of 3 copies of this gene in the genome of the patient leads to the development of the disease. Reciprocal deletion of this region leads to the development of hereditary neuropathy with the liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) or so called tomaculose neuropathy. The duplication of this region is caused by unequal recombination event between highly homologous repetitive sequences that are surrounding it. In about 80% CMT1A and 95% of HNPP patients it was shown that the recombination is taking place within the region 3,2Kb long inside REP sequence. By PCR amplification and further restriction analysis of this region it is possible to detect the existence of these duplications or deletions in the genome of the patient. PCR method is easy, quick and cheap and is a method of choice for precise diagnostics.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
MUTATIONS IN THE K-ras AND p53 GENES IN TWINS BEFORE AND AFTER BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION
Ilić Vesna1, Cikota Bojana1, Vojvodić Danilo1, Malešević Milomir2, Stamatović Dragana2, Magić Zvonko1
1 Institute of medical research MMA
2 Clinic of Hematology MMA, Belgrade
Multiple genetic events are involved in the initiation and progression of a tumor. Among oncogenes and oncosuppressor genes, ras and p-53 genes are involved in the majority of human tumours. Detection of the role of ras and p-53 genes in Acute lymphoblastic laeukemia (ALL), may be useful in the early diagnosis as diagnostic molecular markers and in the confirmation of the success of bone marrow transplantation.
In this particular case, it is about a patient who has been in the reemission phase submitted to singen transplantation of hematopoetic cells originating from bone marrow. We analysed the presence of K-ras and p-53 point mutations in a patient with ALL and for the first time we had the opportunity to analyse samples from two monozygotic twins. DNA was isolated from the mononuclear cells (MNC) by standard procedure, of patient with ALL before and after BM transplantation and his BM donor (clinically healthy twin brother). Samples were subjected to PCR amplification of K-ras exon 1 and 2 and p-53 exons 5, 6 7 and 8. In MNC of ALL patient before BM transplantation, mutations were observed in exon 1 of K-ras and exon 8 of p-53 gene. These mutations were found neither in MNC of twin brother nor in MNC of ALL patient after BM transplantation. In the p-53 exons 5, 6 and 7 and exon 2 of K-ras mutation there was no mutation in analysed samples.
Detected mutations in K-ras and p-53 genes could be the part of larger genetic abnormalities and the gaind results showed a possibility of using mutational changes on DNA molecule in following the success of BMT. The molecular disease marker has been found by this way being significant for detection of MRD. The discovery7 of disease reemission on molecular level before clinical and other laboratorial parameters is very important for starting with therapy in due time respectively to follow the disease phase more carefully.
Taking into consideration the importance of mutation in K-ras and p-53 gene, the procedure of cancerogenesis, by controlling of the twin brother, we can possibly observe the danger of leukaemia before the symptoms of disease.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CYTOGENETIC STUDIES OF MDS IN CHILDHOOD
J. Jovanović, M. Guć-Šćekić, M. Kuzmanović, G. Bunjevački
Mother and Child Health Institute, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
MDS is a group of relatively ill-defined disorders, mostly affecting elderly persons.Since 1992. until 1998, in laboratory of medical genetics, Mother and Child Health Institute of Serbia, 30 patients with MDS have been analyzed. Cytogenetic analyses were done using cultured bone marrow cells; chromosomes were identified by standard banding techniques including GTG and CBG.In one case diagnosis was confirmed by FISH analysis. Normal karyotypes were found in 15 patients. Two patients had inv(9)(p11;q13), but this chromosomal abnormality was also present in their constitutional karyotypes. Seven patients had mosaic karyotypes: 46, XX(XY)/ polyploidy (70-80 chromosomes). Monosomy of chromosome 7, which is considered as a most frequent in MDS in childhood.was diagnosed in 2 patients. Finally, 4 patients had complex chromosomal abnormalities: 1) 47.XY, t(1;22)(p13;q13). +der(l) (30)/ 46,XY (2); 2) polyploidy (87 chromosomes) (2)/45.XY,-13 (2)/46,XY (29); 3) 44,XY,del(5)(q32),del(7)(q32).del(11)(q23),-17,-18 (32)/46,XY (2) and 4) 46,XX,der(16)t(1;16)(q12;q24) (16)/ 46,XX (12). Authors present their results after six years of experience with MDS.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS AND HEALTH PROMOTION
A. Krstić, F. Popić - Paljić, J. Jovanović - Privrodski, M. Obrenović, R. Aleksić, M. Kolarski, I. Kavečan. T. Redžek - Mudrinić, J. Popadić, M. Nikolić, R. Madžar, Lj. Gaćina,
V. Čihi,
C. Laketa, P. Kruščić, J. Rudež, T. Tarašenko, M. Grubješić
Department of Medical Genetics, Children and Youth Health Care Institute, Novi Sad, Yugoslavia
Modern reproductive medicine demands well organized Genetic service. As demographic situation in Vojvodina and in a part of middle Serbia is in transition with negative natural population growth, organization of Genetic service in Vojvodina began in early 80's. Program has passed the phase of diagnostic improvement, screening introduction, spreading Genetic counselling, and now gets into a phase of genetic health promotion.
Experience in Department of Medical Genetics in Novi Sad has shown that strategy in this Department is necessary. The bases of this strategy are: Genetic Service organization, education in field of Medical Genetics, ethical aspects of introducing registries and planing and preparing genes therapy.
Genetic service organization should be decentralized and based on three levels: primary health care model on general practitioner or family doctor level, Department of Medical Genetics or Genetic Counselling model on the hospital level, and third, highest level of model of Clinical Centre in which all genetic researches will be analyzed. This level also includes genetic health promotion, prevention of genetic diseases, appropriate and effective diagnoses of genetic diseases and congenital malformations, therapy and rehabilitation of these patients. This model includes Clinical Centre for Medical Genetics, which covers area with 2 million people.
These are results of prenatal diagnosis only. There were 167 chromosomal abnormalities or 2,19% in pregnant women in Vojvodina during the last 10 year period (from 7624 prenatal analysis - 6199 on early amniocentesis, 997 on cordocentesis, 279 on tissue cultures and 149 on villi chorionic aspiration biopsy - results until 01. 10.1999). Our suggestion is to make strategy and genetic program in science, therapy and education on the national level.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
LANGDON DOWN SYNDROME IN VOJVODINA
Epidemiology, Dermatoglyphics and New Treatments
Prof, dr Aleksandar Krstić, mr sc dr Đorđe Mačvanin. doc. dr Feodora Popić, doc. dr Jadranka Jovanović, dr Ružica Aleksić, dr Milan Obrenović, dr Ivana Kavečan, dr Tatjana Redžek-Mudrinić, dr Jelena Popadić, dr Marko Nikolić, dr Milka Mitrović, dr Spomenka Mijić
Department of Medical Genetic, Children and Youth Health Care Institute, Novi Sad, Yugoslavia
Incidence of Langdon Down Syndrome in Vojvodina is 1:739 (1.22 promile). In the last 5 years, there were 45 cases of Down Syndrome in 30709 newborns (1995-99.) in Novi Sad. There were 167 chromosomal abnormalities or 2.19% in pregnant women in Vojvodina during the last 10 years of prenatal diagnosis 1990-99. (from 7624 prenatal analyses - 6199 on early amniocentesis, 997 on cordocentesis, 279 on tissue cultures and 149 villi chorionic aspiration biopsy - results until 01. 10. 1999). Out of that number, 49 were Down Syndrome (48 trisomics; in one case: 46.XY. – 21 + t(21; 21)).
The analysis of 435 correlation coefficients calculated for dermatoglyphic variables in the patients with Down syndrome and the control, apart from the similarity, reveals the difference. By the multivariate analysis of variance, twenty-six dermatoglyphic variables have been tasted between the control and Down syndrome groups and by sex. The multivariate analysis has revealed that there is the difference in homogenity of the variance between the Down syndrome and control groups.
For children who stay at home, we try to organize preschool and school activities and for babies and children in Institutions we try to humanize their living. In regard to the treatment, we are running a project of treating patients with Down Syndrome with polypeptides (Cerebrolysin) and amino acids to find out what the possibility of new therapeutic approaches to Down Syndrome are.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY- POSSIBILITIES FOR PRENATAL DIAGNOSTICS
Kečkarević P., Čuljković B., Stojković O., Vukosavić S., Savić D., Zamurović N., Major, T., Romac S.
PCR centar, Biološki Fakultet Beograd
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is authosomal recessive neuropathy, characterized by progressive loss of motor neurons from anterior horns of spinal cord. This results in muscular weakness and atrophy. Depending on the age of onset, rate of symptoms progression and longevity of patients, 3 forms of this disorder are described: SMA type I (Werdnig Hoffmann) is the most severe one, with the age of onset in the 6th month of life. Babies suffering from SMA 1 are not able to sit without assistance, and often die before the age of 2. SMA type II is a milder form of mis disease, with appearance of sympthoms at 6-18 months of age. Patients are not able to stand without assistance and die before the age of 4. SMA type III (Kugerberg-Welander) is the mildest form of SMA with the late onset of symptoms and slow progression of the disease.
SMA has recently been linked to the deletion of telomer copy of the SMN gene. This deletion encompass 7th exon or both 7th and 8th exon. Lager deletions are often found in patients with more severe clinical sympthoms. Molecular diagnostics for SMA is based on combined PCR-SSCP protocol. Genomic DNA, isolated from peripheral blood, amniotic fluid, chorion villi or foetal blood, is used as a template for amplification of exons 7 and 8 of SMN gene. Products of PCR amplification are analysed by SSCP method, as telomer and centromer copy of SMN gene are slightly different in their nucleotide sequences.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE ROLE OF CHROMOSOMAL POLYMORPHISM IN SEX CHROMOSOMES MEIOTIC NONDISJUNCTION
T. Kuveljić1, J. Nikoliš1,1. Novaković1, V. Bunjevački1, Lj. Luković1, J. Milašin2, M. Krajinović1, S. Radmanović3, S. Branković4
Institute of Biology and Human genetics, School of Medicine' and Stomatology2
University of Belgrade, University Chidren's Hospital3
Institute of Mental Health4, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Turner syndrome (TS) is characterized by short stature, gonadal dysgenesis and different skeletal anomalies. TS is usually associated with 45,XO chromosomal constitution, with or without mosaicism. Factors leading to the irregular meiotic disjunction of sex chromosomes and consecutive TS phenotype are still unknown. Literature data suggest that chromosomal polymorphism could have influence on acrocentric and sex chromosomes meiotic nondisjunction. In this study we have analyzed chromosomal polymorphism as a factor involved in sex chromosomes nondisjunction in meiosis.
We have performed cytogenetic analysis of 14 TS patients with karyotype 45,XO, and their parents. Chromosomal polymorphism was detected using G-band, C-band and AgNOR staining techniques. The polymorphism was obtained in 2 out of 14 families. The parental origin of the single X chromosome in TS was also studied. Investigation was performed by PCR analysis of highly polymorph microsatellite markers DYS I and DYS II, lying within the dystrophin gene. 13 out of 14 families were informative: 10 patients with 45,XO karyotype have maternal X chromosome (Xm), while only 3 patients have paternal X chromosome (Xp). We studied relationship between the cytogenetic and molecular results.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
LOSS OF HETEROZYGOSITY ON CHROMOSOMES 3p AND 6p IN CERVICAL CARCINOMAS
D. Luković1, I. Novaković1, J. Milašin2, Lj. Luković1, T. Kuveljić1, V. Bunjevački1, M. Krajinović1 i N. Ostojić3
Institute of Biology and Human Genetics, School of Medicine1 and Stomatology2,
University of Belgrade, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology CCS3, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
The aim of this study was to detect the loss of putative tumor suppressor gene (TSG) mapping on chromosomes 3 (p13-p26) and 6 (p14-p24) in a series of 20 cervical carcinomas. Various investigators, in many types of common cancers previously reported a high incidence of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in those regions.
Highly polymorphic microsatellite markers mapping on the selected regions were amplified by PCR and used to detect LOH in our sample. The LOH analysis was performed by comparison of allelic status between same person's normal and tumor tissue. All the tumors were squamous cell carcinomas with various degrees of differentiation.
We found that 10 out of 20 cases (50%) showed LOH of at least one microsatellite locus on chromosome 6p while some had several microsatellites deleted. LOH on chromosome 3p occurred only in 4 samples. Majority of the tumors with LOH were histologic grade 2, but had heterogeneous clinical stages.
The overall incidence of LOH on 6p14-p23 in our sample was 50%, which might suggest the presence of a tumor suppressor gene within this chromosomal region as well as its involvement in cervical carcinogenesis.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
P53 MUTATIONS IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS
Zvonko Magić, Bojana Cikota, Vesna Ilić, Gordana Anđelić
Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, 11 002 Belgrade
Objective: A number of genetic aberrations have been proposed to bear impact in genesis and evolution of breast cancer disease. p53 gene alterations are particularly investigated because of the role of its protein product in p53-mediated apoptosis. It has been suggested that p53 mutations may be connected with aggressive form of disease. Besides, p53 gene mutations can influence breast cancer patients (pts) in response to genotoxic agents such as chemotherapeutic agents. Because of that, in this work the presence of mutations in 5, 6, 7 and 8 exons of p53 gene of 15 brest cancer patients was analyzed. Material and methods: The investigation was performed on DNA samples from formalin- fixed and paraffin embedded tissue. DNA was amplified by PCR. Mutations were detected by SSCP electrophoresis. Tumor characteristics-size T (T1=9, T2=5, T3=l), regional lymph node involvement N (N+=15) as well as the presence of distant metastases M (M0=15) were classified according to UICC TNM classification. The age of pts ranged from 38 to 59, median 48 years. 13/15 pts were premenopausal. All the pts underwent postoperative chemotherapy. Results and conclusion: Our preliminary results showed the presence of p53 mutations in 3/15 pts-in the first pt in exon 5 in the second in exon 8 and in the third pt in exon 5 and exon 7. 1/3 pt with detected mutations developed relapse of disease in the observed time interval. Longer follow-up for these pts as well as including of larger number of pts in study are necessary for the assessment of prognostic/predictive value of p53 mutations in breast cancer.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
FRAGILE X SYNDROME: MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS
Major T., Culiković B., Stojković O., Zamurović N., Kečkarević D., Savić, D. i Romac S.
In all human populations as well as in all ethnic groups, fragile X (FRAX) syndrome is a single most common hereditary neuropsychiatric disorder caused by dynamic mutations. Moreover, expansion of trinucleotide repeats as a cause of a genetic disorder is firstly described on Fragile X Syndrome. Usually, FRAX syndrome is used synonymously for FRAXA syndrome caused by expansion of CGG triplets in 5' UTR of the first exon of FMR1 gene (Xq27.3). Expansion of CGG triplets at this locus leads to hypermethylation of a nearby CpG islet in the upstream promoter region, gene expression silencing and mental retardation. Typical psychological profile is found in FRAXA clinical picture: IQ ranging from 30 to 50, hyperkinetics, emotional instability, hypersensitivity and signs of autism. FRAXA phenotype is correlated with the increased number of CGG triplets and with the hypermethilation of CpG islets. FRAXA syndrome shows the phenomenon of genetic anticipation and non-Mendelian inheritance: it segregates as X linked dominant disorder with less than a full penetrance. Healthy persons show stable polymorphism at this locus with 6 to 50 triplets. Size of the expansion in mutated alleles is from 52 to 200 (premutation lesion), up to 2000 triplets in full mutations. In order to provide precise diagnostics for the FRAXA syndrome, we developed swift, non-radioactive method based on the combined PCR amplification and Southern blot hybridization of the CGG containing region of the FRAXA locus. Our protocol allows simultaneous detection and sizing of normal, premutated and fully expanded alleles.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
SEX DETERMINATION OF HUMAN FETUS BY AMPLIFICATION OF DNA MOLECULES FROM AMNIOCYTES
Danko Obradović1, Aleksandar Krstić2, Jasmina Rudež2, Milan Obrenović2, Ivana Kavecan2, Jelena Popadić2
1 University of Montenegro, School of Sciences, Biology Department, P.O. Box 211, 81000
Podgorica, Yugoslavia
2 Children and Youth Health Care Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cytogenetic Lab, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia
Sex determination of a fetus is very important if parents, or their relatives, have an X chromosome linked inherited disease. To define a fetal sex is important because it contributes a correct calculation of probability to inherit a hereditary disease. Sex determination in this work was done by amplification of a sequence that was specific for Y chromosome in polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA molecules used for this amplification were isolated from amniocytes of two. pregnant women that were in 16-th week of pregnancy. A sequence specific multiplex PCR was carried out for Y and X chromosomes as a control of amplification reaction. DNA molecules, isolated from blood of a male and a female person, after amplification were used as positive controls for sex determination. Amplification product was processed with an electrophofesis.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
CYTOGENETICS AND FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HIBRIDIZATION IN DIAGNOSIS OF MYELODISPLASTIC SYNDROMES
M. Pantić, A. Novak, V. Đorđević, D. Marisavljević, N. Suvajdžić, G. Janković, *M. Stevanović, M. Čolović
Institute of Hematology, Clinical Center of Serbia
* Institute for molecular genetics and genetical engineering, Belgrade
Myelodisplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of hemopoietic stem cell disorders, whose diagnostic and prognostic properties could be evaluated by cytogenetic analysis. Bone marrow samples of 140 consecutive patients (pts) with primary MDS were cytogenetically studied during seven years (1990- 1997). MDS pts were subclassifled as: 54 pts with refractory anemia (RA), 14 pts with RA and ringed sideroblasts (RARS), 35 pts with RA and excess of blasts (RAEB), 13 pts with RAEB in transformation (RAEB-t), 22 pts with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and 2 pts as unclassified MDS.
Cytogenetic analysis was performed after direct preparation and/or unstimulated 24-48 h short-term culture. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed with biotin-labelled a-satellite probe for chromosome 1 and X. The overall incidence of chromosomal abnormalities was 49%. The RAEB and RAEB-t pts showed chromosomal abnormalities more often than RA and CMML pts (71% and 62% vs. 35% and 32%). Also, a complex chromosomal aberrations were present in even 75% of RAEB-t comparing to 26% of RA or 14% of CMML pts. The most frequent anomaly, del(5q)/-5, was discovered in 29% (all but CMML) and del(7q)/-7 in 16% of cytogenetically abnormal pts, mostly associated with complex karyotypes. FISH analyses identified derivative and marker chromosome in five patients. The frequencies of identified marker chromosomes, on metaphase and interphase level, were correlated in three patients. In conclusion, cytogenetic analyses alone and in combination with FISH analyses contribute to the diagnosis and prognosis of MDS.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF INHERITED HEMOGLOBINOPATHY – Hb LEPORE
Sonja Pavlović1, Milan Joksimović1, Milica Cvorkov-Dražić2, Gordana Bunjevački2, Dragana Janić3 i Zvezdana Popović1
1 Institut of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering
2 Mother and Child Health Institute
3 University Children Hospital, Belgrade
Hemoglobinopathies are a group of inherited anemias caused by the presence of unusuals forms of hemoglobin in patient's blood. Different forms of hemoglobins (hemoglobin variants) arise from mutations of the coding regions α -, β -, or γ -globin chains. Clinical manifestations are diverse ranging from asymptomatic hypochromia to profound anemia.
Hb Lepore is unusually severe hemoglobin variant. It is a prototype of a group of hemoglobinopathies characterized by fused globin chains (large deletion between δ i β globin gens). Hb Lepore is synthesized in low amounts bacause it is under the control of the δ - globin gene promoter, which normally sustains transcription at only 2% the level of the β - globin gen.
The presence of Hb Lepore is detected in suspected hypochromic microcytic individuals who also had an abnormal hemoglobin migrating in the position of certain Rf value on electrophoretic acetate cellulose gels. Diagnostic confirmation is achieved by p globin locus DNA analysis.
Detection of Hb Lepore heterozygotes, homozygotes or patients without the deletion of this type is carried out by gap PCR analysis. We used one direct and two reverse primers in the same PCR reaction. DNA fragment of 751 bp in length represents normal Β-globin locus. On the contrary, 356 bp fragments represent the deletion causing pathological Hb Lepore.
Our results confirm that Hb Lepore is the most common hemoglobin variant in the Republic of Serbia. Electrophoretic and PCR analysis have revealed more than 20 cases of Hb Lepore in Serbian population so far.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
LOH IN THE REGIONS 3p21,9p21,6q21-23,17p13 AND 13q14 IN SQUAMOUS CELL
CARCINOMAS OF THE LIP
Branka Popović1, Jelena Milašin1, Miroslava Mičić1, Vitomir Konstatinović2
Institute of Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Stomatology1, Belgrade, YU
Clinic for maxillofacial Surgery 2
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible involvement of a series of tumor suppressor genes (TSG) in the development and/or progression of malignant lip tumors.
We tested the inactivation of putative tumor suppressor genes on chromosomes 3p21 and 6q21-23 and the inactivation of p!6, Rb and p53 genes located on chromosomes 9p21, 13ql4 and 17p13, respectively. For this analysis, 5 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers, each corresponding to a TSG locus, were amplified by PCR, and used to detect LOH (loss of heterozygosity), one of the most common mechanism of TSG inactivation. All the tumors were squamous cell carcinomas with various degrees of differentiation: well (4) and mildly (3) differentiated.
Markers D17SI353 D3S1286, D9S156, D6S314 and DUS155 located in the regions 3p21, 9p21, 6q21-23, 17p13 and 13q14, respectively, were informative in: 3 out of 7 tumors for D13S155, 4 out of 7 tumors for D17S1353, and in all tumors for the remaining markers. Only 1 out of 7 tumors in the region D6S314 showed LOH.
The absence of LOH in our cases correlates with high degree of histologic differentiation of the tumors and better course of the disease. Consequently, the involvement of the analyzed TSG seems to be a later genetic event in the process of neoplastic transformation.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
GENOTYPE/PHENOTYPE CORRELATION (AS TO THE PANCREATIC STATUS) OF YUGOSLAVIAN CF PATIENTS
D. Radivojević1, M. Guć-Šćekić1, M. Đurišić1, T. Lalić1, J. Savić1, P. Minić1, A. Cvetković1, E. Kanavakis2, M.Tzetis2, T. Antoniadi2
1 Mother and
Child Health Institute, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
2 First Department of Pediatrics, Choremio Research Laboratory, St.
Sophia's Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common fatal disorder in the Caucasian population and is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene. CF has variable clinical presentation and disease severity is partially associated with the type of mutation. The aim of this study was to classify CFTR mutations as mild or severe with respect to pancreatic function in YU CF patients. Genomic DNA of 111 CF patients was analysed using PAGE (A508), DGGE (screening of all coding regions of the gene) and sequencing (of regions that gave abnormal patterns on DGGE). CFTR gene mutations were characterised for 84.67% of the CF alleles. CF mutations were categorised according to the type of defect. Single amino acid deletions - 70.72% (157 CF alleles), splice junction mutations - 4.95% (11 CF alleles), nonsense - 4.5% (10 CF alleles), misensse - 2.7% (6 CF alleles), frame shift - 1.8% (4 CF alleles). A correlation was then made between the type of mutation and the pancreatic status (PS or PI) of the patients.
Authors will discuss their results, which seem to be consistent with the hypothesis that there is a close correlation between the genotype and the pancreatic status of CF patients.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
PRENATAL DIAGNOSTICS OF HEMOPHILIA A BY INTRAGENIC RFLP ANALYSIS
Rakićević Ljiljana1, Georgijević Dubravka1, Janković Gordana2, Miković Danijela2, Radojković Dragica
1 Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
2 National Blood Transfusion Institute, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Hemophilia A, an X linked genetic disease, is the most common coagulation disorder with an incidence of about 1-2 in 10 000 males and caused by mutations in the factor VIII (FVIII) coagulation gene After cloning of the FVIII gene, almost all types of hemophilia A causing mutations have been characterized. Hemophilia A is caused by wide spectrum of different mutations in FVIII gene which made the direct DNA diagnosis of the disease not the case of choice. Indirect DNA diagnosis, by means of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), provides the alternative.
The aim of our study was to provide carrier and prenatal diagnostics for affected families using indirect approach.
The genomic DNA of 34 members of 13 hemophilia A families were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the Bell polymorphic region at intron 18 of the FVIII gene 9 families were informative for intl8/BclI RFLP (69%). In 5 families in which sister was also analyzed. 4 carriers were detected (80%). So far, one prenatal diagnosis of hemophilia A was performed. The analysis of DNA from chorionic villi showed that the fetus is male, and affected by hemophilia A.
The indirect DNA testing is straightforward, rapid and inexpensive to perform. Thus, in many families, requiring genetic diagnosis of hemophilia A the use of intragenic polymorphisms analysis represents the diagnostic strategy of choice.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
MOLECULAR GENETICS AND DIAGNOSIS OF MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY
Savić P., Čuljković B., Stojković O., Major T., Zamurović N., Kečkarević D. i Romac S.
Myotonic dystrophy is an autosomal dominant hereditary multisystem disease with very heterogenic clinical manifestations. The most difficult form is a congenital myotonic dystrophy, which is characterized by general muscular hypothony and mental retardation. Adult form, the most frequent one, is associated with myotony, weakening and atrophy of facial and distal muscles. Cataract is present in a very weak form of myotonic dystrophy and it shows the late age of onset. The mutation responsible for this disease is the expansion of CTG repeats in 3" UTR (untranslated region) of the gene which codes for myotonin protein kinase (MPK gene). The number of these repeats in normal alleles is between 5 and 37. MPK alleles with 40 to 200 triplets belong to premutation range, while mutated alleles contain from 200 triplets up to several thousands. Detection of the number of these triplets in mutation range by molecular biology methods is the only way of precise diagnostics of myotonic dystrophy. In the group of 60 patients, clinically suspected to myotonic dystrophy, we defined the number of CTG triplets in MPK alleles. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes and the region of MPK gene, containing CTG repeats was analyzed by SP-PCR (small pool PCR) method followed by Southern blot. Obtained results are in agreement with known genotype-phenotype correlation for myotonic dystrophy: the number of CAG repeats is in positive correlation with the clinical manifestation of the disease and in negative correlation with the age of onset. Comparison of the number of CTG repeats within the members of the family show huge expansions between the generations, which is the consequence of meiotic instability. The existence of CTG expansions between generations and its correlation with phenomenon of anticipation is remarkably in myotonic dystrophy. Our results also show the existence of somatic mozaicism in lymphocytes and the cause is mitotic instability of expanded CTG repeats.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
DETERMINATION OF THE TIME OF HUMAN CHROMOSOMES CENTROMERE SEGREGATION WITH EFFECT OF PCD BY FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION
Biljana Spremo-Potparević1, Vesna Verbić2, Milena Stevanović2 i Milan Joksimović1
1 Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, Belgrade
2 Institute of Molecular Genetic and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444, Belgrade
Premature Centromere Division (PCD) is a rare cytogenetic disorder with characteristic, railroad track chromatides that is presented in various disease. Cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, induces PCD on peripheral blood cells in vitro. 66.7% of mitoses show a PCD when the concentration of Cy is 25 μg/ml. Classic cytogenetic methods are able to show that the centromeres of metaphase figures are separated, but are not possible to specify a time when that happened. FISH method was used to find out the time of separation of centromere region of chromosome 18 in interphase nucleus of peripheral blood lymphocytes treated with 25 μg/ml of Cy. It was shown that centromeres of this chromosome separated exactly after their replication, in G2 phase of cell cycle. These results suggested the possibility of using FISH method as addition diagnostic parameter in PCD analysis in various diseases, in all phases of cell cycle.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
DETECTION OF PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME NEGATIVE CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA BY RT-PCR METHOD
Biljana Todorić, Z. Magić, L. Ristić. M. Malešević i *K. Krtolica
Military Medical Academy
* Institute for Nuclear Sciences "Vinca"
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is the hematopoetic stem cell disease, characterized in more man 95% percent of the patience by the presence of chromosomal marker - Philadelphia chromosome (Ph). Because overlapping in manifestations of myeloproliferative disorders are frequent, Ph chromosome is one of the diagnostic parameters in CML. It is the product of translocation t(9:22)(q34;q1 1). Cell protooncogen c-ahl is mapped in chromosome break point 9q34 and her gene in 22q1 1. By this translocation, chimeric gene bcr-abl is made on Ph chromosome and it is responsible for leukemogenesis. In dependence of her break point two types of chimeric transcript are formed b2a2 and b3a2. In some patients chromosomal translocation is absent, but molecular diagnostic detects the presence of chimeric bcr-abl gen. Mechanism of this rearrangement is still unknown. The patient with chronic myeloproliferative disorder was analyzed in mis study. Bone marrow aspirate was analyzed after direct preparation of chromosomes by HG banding method. RNK was isolated from the leukocytes of the peripheral blood. RT-PCR has been done with the primers for bcr-abl gene. Cytogenetic analyzes displayed only normal female karyotipe, 46.XX. RT-PCR detected expression of bcr-abl gene of b3a2 type. Detection of the expression of gene rearrangement is in advance from the cytogenetic detection of chromosomal rearrangement. For the patient, this finding means solution of diagnostic problems and adeqate therapeutic approach.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
DYSCHROMATOPSIA RATE AMONG THE POPULATION OF NORTHERN BACKA (VOIVODINA)
Geza Cekuš
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Teacher Education at Sombor, 4, Podgoricka, 25000, Sombor, Yugoslavia
Nowadays the ability of colour identification is of particular significance as it is necessary for carrying out specific professions. There are several theories of colour perception but for now the Young-Helmholtz theory is the most established one. According to this theory, there are three basic colours: red, green and blue. There are receptors, which are sensitive only to the red or the green or the blue colour. A healthy and ordinary person can distinguish all the three basic colours. However, there are some people who can distinguish only two colours - they are dyschromatic. The delusion of distinguishing colour can be inherited recessively and it is connected with sex. It is transmitted from father to daughter, who is the conductor. Its manifestation is connected to the male sex. Our research work was completed in three homogeneous population of Northern Backa (Voivodina) using the method of discrimination with the help of pseudoisochromatic tables of Yschihara and Stilling. There are bigger dots of various colours on these tables, which are lined up to form certain numbers and letters. People with normal colour perception can distinguish them, but persons with disturbed colour perception cannot, because they see dots of the same colour - that is, they get the false impression of the same colour. In our samples, the frequency of persons with disturbed colour perception varies. We were testing primary school children and we found this phenomenon only among boys. The frequency is the lowest in Horgos, it is 1.32%, in Backi vinogradi it is 4.71% and in Hajdukovo even 13.98%. We must mention that all primary schoolchildren from these settlements took part in this research.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
THE ABILITY OF PERCEIVING THE SMELL OF ACETONE
Geza Cekuš
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Teacher Education at Sombor, 4. Podgoricka, 25000 Sombor, Yugoslavia
Our aim was to examine such human polymorphism that is not in the centre of interest, but it is a part of humane genetics since it influences the function of human organism. The examinations of the ability of perceiving the smell of acetone are not numerous. There are people who cannot smell acetone, while with others the stimulus threshold is different. "Blindness to the smell of acetone" is a dominantly inherited quality. Similarly to the examination of tasting PTC (the method of Harris - Kalmus), we made series of diluted acetone with one difference - instead of water we used silicone oil. Our examinees were primary school children from Hajdukovo, Backi vinogradi and Horgos. All schoolchildren were included in the examination. The population in this area is relatively homogeneous. In all the three cases we established a smelling frequence grade similar to the Gauss curve. We were testing 792 children and only two boys and a girl couldn't smell acetone at all. The stimulus treshold in every population is 0.098 percentile dilution of acetone. Most children could feel the smell at dilution of 6.25% (in Backi vinogradi), at 3.13% (in Horgos) and at 1.56% (in Hajdukovo). This includes both sexes, although within a population there is a significant difference between the sexes.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
K-ras AND H-ras POINT MUTATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH LARGE CELL LYMPHOMAS AND CHRONIC LYMPHADENITIS
Bojana Cikota1, Rajna Stamenov1, Slavko Berger2, Danilo Vojvodić1, Milomir Malešević3, Zvonko Magić1
1 Institute of Medical Research MMA. Belgrade
2 Institute of Pathology MMA, Belgrade,
3 Clinic of Hematology MMA, Belgrade
Alterations in cellular oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and mismatch repair genes leed to the tumor initiation and progression. Among the oncogenes, mutations in ras genes are the most frequently observed genetic aberrations in human neoplasmas. Available data about frequency of ray-mutations in hematopoietic malignancies, especially in lymphomas are different. For that reason, we have investigated frequency and diagnostic importance of K- and H-ras mutations in 18 patients with large cell lymphomas and 8 with chronic lymphadenitis.
Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) we have amplified sequence surrounding the codons 12 and 13 (exon 1) and codon 61 (exon 2) in K- and H-ras. The mutations were then detected using single stranded conformational polymorphisam (SSCP) electrophoresis. Exon 1 point mutation of K-ras was found in only one patient with diagnosis of large cell lymphoma (3.8%). In three patients with the same diagnosis, mutations in H-ras were found (11.5%). K- and H-ras exon 1 mutations were found in none patient with chronic lymphadenitis. Also, in all analysed samples mutations were not detected in exon 2 of K- and H-ras, respectively.
Analysis of survival data shows that K- and H-ras mutations are rare genetic event with no significant diagnostic importance in large cell lymphomas and chronic lymphadenitis.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
HUMAN IDENTIFICATION AND PATTERNITY TESTING
Čuljković B., Stojković, P., Vukosavić. S. i Romac S.
Biološki fakultet, Beograd
Previous methods for the analyses of paternity and human identifications, based on blood groups analyses, failed to provide positive identifications of samples, but only their exclusion. With PCR approach, based on simultaneous genetic analyses of a several of hipervariable loci, positive identification of any biological sample as well as of biological parents. Joint probability of a match of two DNA profiles established from the analysis of 12 hipervariable genetic loci is less than 1 in 23 billions of people (and thus probability of paternity is practically 100%). Small sample of blood obtained from a child and alleged father is used in a standard procedure in establishing biological paternity, but, under special circumstances, other biological samples (such as buccal swab, hair fiber, biopsies from various tissues, samples obtained from exhumed bodies, blood and semen stains, saliva etc) could also be used. Also, using PCR based methods, biological paternity could be established even prenatally, starting from second month of gravidity. For prenatal analyses, chorion villi and amniotic fluid are used as samples for DNA analyses.
Published in Book of Abstracts „SECOND CONGRESS OF SERBIAN GENETICISTS“
Sokobanja, Serbia, November 10-13, 1999.
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
TRANSGENIC PLANTS - PRO ET CONTRA
Jan Kišgeci, Janoš Berenji
Federal Institute for Plant and Animal Genetic Resources, Beograde
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
The paper describes the definition of transgenic plants (GMO) along with a detailed discussion related to the following aspects of GMO: transgenic plants in commercial plant production, regulatory standards related to GMO, transgenic plants related to the environment (superweeds, superpests, biodiversity, etc.), GMO based food (allergy, resistency to antiobiotics, desigantion, etc.), transgenic plants and the public opinion, transgenic plants and the multinational companies, etc.