GENETIKA, Vol. 11, No.2 (1979)
Emira ĐURIČIĆ, T. KILALIĆ and Nada SAVKOVIĆ
CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATIONS AS THE CAUSE OF STERILITY IN MALE PROGENY OF MICE TREATED WITH MUTAGENS [Abstract]
Emira ĐURIČIĆ, Nada SAVKOVIĆ and T. KILALIĆ
EFFECTS OF CYTOSTATICS ON THE INDUCTION OF CHROMOSOMA ABERRATIONS IN MALE MICE DURING MEIOSIS [Abstract]
Natalija PUJIĆ and Ana SAVIĆ
HISTONE SYNTHESIS IN ENUCLEATE CELLS [Abstract]
Kosana KONSTANTINOV and M. DENIĆ
A STUDY OF GENETIC CONTROL OF RNA AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN MAIZE ENDOSPERM [Abstract]
D. RISTANOVIĆ
HERITABILITY OF EAR NUMBER IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) [Abstract]
Zorica IVANOVIĆ
GENETIC COMPONENTS OF GRAIN YIELD AND GROWTH TRAITS BY DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF INBRED LINES AND F1 HYBRIDS OF CORN (ZEA MAYS L.) [Abstract]
A.L. HOOKER
ESTIMATING DISEASE LOSSES BASED ON THE AMOUNT OF HEALTHY LEAF TISSUE DURING THE PLANT REPRODUCTIVE PERIOD [Abstract]
B.C. SAHA and B.K. MUKHERJEE
STUDIES ON THE NATURE OF QUANTITATIVE DEVIATIONS IN THE COMBINING ABILITY IN THE ADVANCED GENERATION OF CROSSES OF HETEROZYGOUS SYNTHESIZED MAIZE POPULATIONS [Abstract]
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 11, No.2 (1979), pp. 91-98
© 1979 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
Original scientific paper
CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATIONS AS THE CAUSE OF STERILITY IN MALE PROGENY OF MICE TREATED WITH MUTAGENS
Emira ĐURIČIĆ, T. KILALIĆ and Nada SAVKOVIĆ1)
Institut za medicinsku biologiju, Medicinski fakultet, 71000 Sarajevo, Jugoslavia1
Laboratorija za radiobiologiju, Institut »Boris Kidrič«, Vinča, p. fah 522, 11001 Beograd, Jugoslavija
Abstract
Đuričić, E., Kilalić, T., and Savković, N. (1979): Chromosomal traslocations as the cause of sterility in male progeni of mice treated with mutagens. - Genetika, Vol. 11, No. 2, 91-98.
Cytplogical and fertility tests were performed in F1 male mice derived from male parents which had been treated with busulphane (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg), or cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg and 350 mg/kg), or ethylenimine-type (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg). In previous studies on the induction of sterility in the mouse, tests were usually confined to the progeny of treated animals. The objectives of the present experiment were: to characterize translocation configurations in Fi males, in order to obtain information about the pattern of chromosome breakage induced and its transmission to subsequent generations. Examination of meiotic chromosome preparations from Fi males with reduced fertility confirmed the presence of translocations.
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 11, No.2 (1979), pp. 99-107
© 1979 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
Original scientific paper
EFFECTS OF CYTOSTATICS ON THE INDUCTION OF CHROMOSOMA ABERRATIONS IN MALE MICE DURING MEIOSIS
Emira ĐURIČIĆ, Nada SAVKOVIĆ1) and T. KILALIĆ
Institut za medicinsku biologiju, Medicinski fakultet, 71000 Sarajevo, Jugoslavia1
Laboratorija za radiobiologiju, Institut »Boris Kidrič«, Vinca, p. fah 522, 11001 Beograd, Jugoslavija
Abstract
Đuričić, E., Savković, N. and Kilalić, T. (1979): Effects of cytostatics on the induction of chromosomal aberrations in male mice during meiosis. - Genetika, Vol. 11, No. 2, 99-107.
Genetic damage by Busulphan, Thyotepa and Endoxan in male mice was measured at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg for the first two compounds and 150 and 350 mg/kg for Endoxan. The frequency of chromosomal translocations in the male gonads was examined at the first metaphase stage of meiosis. Cytological examination of primary spermatocytes was carried out 14 and 8 weeks after treatment. The results obtained show that the alkylation agents induced chromosomal translocations. Myleran, Thyotepa and Endoxan produce chromosomal fragments and reciprocal translocations in spermatocytes type I univalent autosomes and s. m. ring quadrivalent and chain quadrivalent translocations.
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 11, No.2 (1979), pp. 109-120
© 1979 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
Original scientific paper
HISTONE SYNTHESIS IN ENUCLEATE CELLS
Natalija PUJIĆ and Ana SAVIĆ
Laboratorija za radiobiologiju, Institut »Boris Kidrič«, Vinča, Beograd, and
Institut za biološka istraživanja »Siniša Stanković«, 11000 Beograd, Jugoslavija
Abstract
Pujdc, N. and Savic, A. (1979): His tone synthesis in enucleate cells. - Genetika, Vol. 11, No. 2, 109-120.
Synthesis of basic proteins and histones in partheno-genetically activated enucleate fragments has been investigated and compared to normal embryos. Enucleation of mature unfertilized eggs of Arbacia lixula was achieved by centrifugation through discontinuous sucrose gradients. Activation with double concentrated sea water initiated protein synthesis, both in enucleate and nucleate fragments, even to a higher extent than in partheno-genetically activated whole eggs.
Histones were analyzed in preparations of total basic proteins. They were identified as protein fractions having the same electrophoretic mobilities as histones isolated from embryonic chromatin and by the lack of 3H-tryptophan incorporation. When labelled with "C-lysine, the autoradiograms of electrophoretically separated basic proteins of activated enucleate fragments and normal embryos, both at the 32-cell stage, revealed qualitatively the same pattern of newly synthesized proteins, including histones. The existence of histone synthesis in enucleate fragments shows that it does not have to be necessarily coupled to DNA synthesis.
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 11, No.2 (1979), pp. 121-134
© 1979 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
Original scientific paper
A STUDY OF GENETIC CONTROL OF RNA AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN MAIZE ENDOSPERM
Kosana KONSTANTINOV and M. DENIĆ
Maize Research Institute, Beograd - Zemun, 11081, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Konstantinov, K. and Denić, M. (1979): A study of genetic control of RNA and protein synthesis in maize endosperm. - Genetika, Vol. 11, No. 2, 121—134.
A study of the reactions affecting synthesis of mRNA, particularly zein mRNA, and its translation should help to define how the opaque-2 gene alters maize storage proteins. Therefore an effort has been made to investigate the processes of transcription and translation of chromatin from normal and mutant genotypes and to characterize its products.
In order to see if there is any unique non-histone protein fraction in the mutant genotype, acid insoluble NHCP from the developing endosperms of a normal and an opaque-2 mutant were fractionated and compared. The obtained results show that non-histone proteins from normal and mutant endosperms differ mainly quantitatively. Chromatin proteins soluble at different concentrations of NaCl did not show any differences between the two genotypes. RNA and protein synthesis was followed using the deproteinized chromatins of both genotypes.
Since there was a distinct interest in the in vitro transcription and translation of specific messenger RNA for zein, the transcription and translation products have been characterized. Differences between two genotypes in the pattern of RNA synthesized were obtained. Characteristic differences between the two genotypes were found in the alcohol soluble proteins synthesized on chromatin as a template. These proteins correspond to native zein isolated from normal and mutant endosperm during development.
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 11, No.2 (1979), pp. 135-157
© 1979 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
Original scientific paper
HERITABILITY OF EAR NUMBER IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)
D. RISTANOVIĆ
Institut za kukuruz - Zemun Polje, 11080 Zemun, Jugoslavija
Abstract
Ristanović, D. (1979): Heritability of ear number in maize (Zea mays L.) - Genetika, Vol. 11, No. 2, 135-157.
The inheritance of ear number and ear number weight index (ENWI) was estimated in three plant densities from F2 and back-cross populations of crosses between maize inbred lines having known differences for the number of ears per plant.
Combined over three densities (20.2, 40.4 and 60.6 thousand plants/ha), the heritability of ear number/plant and ENWI in prolific type crosses was 42% and 46% respectively. Both types of hybrids (prolific and non-prolific) were found to have genetic potential for prolificacy at lower plant densities. However, the yield of the second and other ears in prolific types of hybrids was determined to be a result of heritable traits, while an non-prolific types this was more an effect of the environment.
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 11, No.2 (1979), pp. 159-180
© 1979 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
Original scientific paper
GENETIC COMPONENTS OF GRAIN YIELD AND GROWTH TRAITS BY DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF INBRED LINES AND F1 HYBRIDS OF CORN (ZEA MAYS L.)
Zorica IVANOVIĆ
Institut za kukuruz - Zemun Polje, 11080 Zemun, Jugoslavija
Abstract
Ivanović, Z. (1979): Genetic components of grain yield and growth traits by diallel analysis of inbred lines and F, hybrids of corn (Zea mays L.). - Genetika, Vol. 11, No. 2, 159-180.
Using the method of diallel analysis, the effect of major gene groups or genotype components on trait expression of parent inbred lines and their F1 hybrids was investigated. The growth traits and grain yield components in six maize inbred lines and their 30 F1 hybrids were studied.
Five genotype components D, H1, H2, F and h2 were determined by the method of diallel analysis. An analysis was made of major and interactive genetic components on the basis of average values for traits and expression of heterosis. The effective factors gene number (K), their additive effect (d) and dominance (h) were investigated. The interaction and correlation of non-allelomorphic genes, parameter »c« for correlation and association and (theta) for interaction of the complementary and the duplicate type were also studied. The heritability was expressed in two forms: heritability in the narrow sense (h2n) and heritability in the broad sense (h\). An evaluation was made of the general and specific combining ability of tested inbred lines used in this investigation.
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 11, No.2 (1979), pp. 181-192
© 1979 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
Original scientific paper
ESTIMATING DISEASE LOSSES BASED ON THE AMOUNT OF HEALTHY LEAF TISSUE DURING THE PLANT REPRODUCTIVE PERIOD
A.L. HOOKER
University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801 USA and
Maize Research Institute Beograd - Zemun, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Hooker, A. L. (1979): Estimating disease losses based on the amount of healthy leaf tissue during the plant reproductive period. - Genetika, Vol. 11, No. 2, 181-192.
A rating system
for leaf disease of maize was developed where differences in index values are
highly correlated with and have little deviation from differences in plant
injury as measured in grain yield. The system involves an estimation of healthy
tissue converted to P values which adjust for differences in photo-synthate
produced and translocated to the grain by different leaf positions on the
plant, multiple rating times, the use of G values which adjust for differences
in plant maturity, and the calculations of an index from the formula PGI = (
PG/maximum
value) x 100. The system should be valuable in genetics, plant breeding,
cultivar evaluation, and disease loss assessments in maize and may be extended
to other crops as well.
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 11, No.2 (1979), pp. 193-201
© 1979 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
Original scientific paper
STUDIES ON THE NATURE OF QUANTITATIVE DEVIATIONS IN THE COMBINING ABILITY IN THE ADVANCED GENERATION OF CROSSES OF HETEROZYGOUS SYNTHESIZED MAIZE POPULATIONS
B.C. SAHA and B.K. MUKHERJEE
Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhy — 110012, India
Abstract
Saha, B. C. and Mukherjee, B. K. (1979): Studies on the nature of quantitative deviations in the combining ability in the advanced generation of crosses of heterozygous synthesized maize populations. - Genetika, Vol. 11, No. 2, 193-201.
Three homogeneous Indian composites (JML305, JML24 and Early Yellow Composite) and three exotic varieties (Caribbean Flint, St. Croix 4D and Antigua Gr. 1) from different geographical regions were studied along with their six selfs, all fifteen possible F/s, fifteen F2's and seven checks (Ganga-5, Vijay, Experimental Hybrid 2310, Basi, Population 61, Kisan and Yellow Flint Composite) in a 7 x 7 Simple Lattice Design with two replications and two repetitions. The investigations were carried out in Kharif, (1976) in the fields of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute. Combining ability analyses in the F1 and F2 generations indicated that the (increase in the total genetic variation in the F2 resulted from an increase in both general as well as specific combining ability variances for most of the characters studied. However, the general combining ability variances made a greater contribution to the total increase of genetic variation in the F2. The relative magnitude of general and specific combining ability variances were found to be constant in both the generations for the traits grain yield and moisture percentage in the grains whereas for days to silk, ear length, ear diameter, number of kernel rows per ear and number of kernels per row, there was a preponderance of the additive component in F2.
The parental composites and varieties showed excellent stability of general combining ability effects, having negligible quantitative variation in the two generations. Regarding specific combining ability effects of the crosses, there were, however, considerable qualitative as well as quantitative changes in the two generations.