GENETIKA, Vol

GENETIKA, Vol. 15, No.1 (1983)

V.P. AHUJA, B.K. MUKHERJEE and K.N. AGARWAL

EPISTASIS AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE EXPRESSION OF YIELD AND OTHER METRIC TRAITS IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) [Abstract]

Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ and S. BOROJEVIĆ

INHERITANCE OF LEAF ANGLE IN WHEAT [Abstract]

W. GOTTSCHALK

THE IMPROVEMENT OF RADIATION-INDUCED PISUM MUTANTS THROUGH RECOMBINATION [Abstract]

D. MIŠEVIĆ and J. DUMANOVIĆ

SELECTION INDICES IN CORN BREEDING [Abstract]

A.K. SINGH, H.G. SINGH and S.P. SINGH

GENETIC DIVERGENCE IN MACARONI WHEAT (TRITICUM DURUM DESF.) [Abstract]

R.PETROVIĆ

THE EFFECT OF THE OPAQUE-2 SUGARY-2 MUTATION IN FLINT AND DENT BACKGROUNDS ON KERNEL CHARACTERISTICS AND PROTEIN BALANCE IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) [Abstract]

S.A. PAUNOVIĆ, R. PLAZINIĆ, D.OGAŠANOVIĆ and M.LJULJIĆ

THE INFLUENCE OF PARTENT CULTIVARS ON FERTILIZATION, FRUIT SET, SEED GERMINATION, VITALITY AND THE JUVENILE PHASE IN APRICOT HYBRIDS IN THE F₁ GENERATION [Abstract]

Padmini SHIVKUMAR, H.G. SINGH and Y.S. CHAUHAN

COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS FOR QUALITY CHARACTERS IN COTTONSEED [Abstract]

M. DRAGANIĆ

INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO ROOT ROT (PHAEOCYTOSPORELLA ZEAE STOUT) IN MAIZE [Abstract]

M.L. KALEZIĆ

GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS OF GENETIC VARIABILITY IN THE SMOOTH NEWT (TRITURUS VULGARIS) [Abstract]

Dj. NIKOLIĆ and N. TUCIĆ

CLINAL VARIATION OF NULL ALLELES IN EUROPEAN BLACK PINE (PINUS NIGRA ARN.) [Abstract]

B. DJORDJEVIĆ

QUANTIFICATION OF SYNCHRONY FROM DNA SYNTHETIC PROFILES IN MAMMALIAN CELL CULTURES [Abstract]

M. DRAGANIĆ and G. C. MULENGA

INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO EAR ROT (PHAEOCYTOSPORELLA ZEAE, STOUT) IN MAIZE [Abstract]

Branka TUCIĆ and N. TUCIĆ

ISOENZYME VARIATION IN SOME MAIZE VARIETIES FROM YUGOSLAVIA [Abstract]

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 15, No.1 (1983), pp. 1-8

Serbia

UDC 575.113.36

Original scientific paper

EPISTASIS AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE EXPRESSION OF YIELD AND OTHER METRIC TRAITS IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)

V.P. AHUJA, B.K. MUKHERJEE and K.N. AGARWAL

Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi-110012, India

Abstract

Ahuja, V.P., Mukherjee, B.K. and Agarwal, K.N. (1983): Epistasis and its contribution in the expression of yield and other metric traits in maize (Zeamays L.). - Genetika, Vol. 15, No. 1, 1-8.

Studies of gene effects were carried out in nine diverse germplasm complexes of maize namely, Cuba 19, Cuba 168, ST. Croix 4D, Amarillo Pakistan, DMR1, DMR5, JML305, JML24 and J236. Epistatic effects were of considerable magnitude in most of the characters under study, supporting the earlier findings of Sent z et al, 1954; Mo 11 et al., 1965, and Mukherje e et al., 1974. Dominance effects were of sole importance for grain yield, ear length and number of kernels per row for the majority of the parents. Parents like JML305, J236, DMR1 and DMR5 which possess larger additive as well as dominant effects, not only for yield but for yield components, can be subjected to reciprocal recurrent selection procedures to achieve further gains.

Return to content

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 15, No.1 (1983), pp. 9-19

Serbia

UDC 575.222.7

Original scientific paper

INHERITANCE OF LEAF ANGLE IN WHEAT

Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ and S. BOROJEVIĆ

Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Kraljević-Balalić, M. and Borojević, S. (1983): Inheritance of leaf angle in wheat. - Genetika, Vol. 15, No. 1, 9-19.

In diallel crossing of six vulgare wheat genotypes of different leaf position (flag leaf and second leaf) significant differences were found for the examined characters.

The angle of the flag leaf and second leaf in the F₁ and F₂generation was inherited intermediately, partially dominantly or dominantly depending on the combination.

The results of combining ability and regression analysis showed that, in the inheritance of flag leaf angle, genes with additive and non-additive effects were included. The second leaf angle in F₁ and F₂ generation was caused by additive genes.

Return to content

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 15, No.1 (1983), pp. 21-31

Serbia

UDC 575.224.2

Original scientific paper

THE IMPROVEMENT OF RADIATION-INDUCED PISUM MUTANTS THROUGH RECOMBINATION

W. GOTTSCHALK

Institute of Genetics, University of Bonn 5300 Bonn, FR Germany

Abstract

Gottschalk, W. (1983): The improvement of radiation-induced Pisum mutants through recombination. - Genetika, Vol. 15, No. 1, 21-31.

Gene gf for greenish flower colour and gene efr for earliness of Pisum sativum were combined with other mutant genes of the genome. Their behaviour in different combinations was studied with regard to the seed production of the various recombinants. The following results were obtained:

Gene gf of mutant 189 was tested in 22 combinations. Some recombinant types, homozygous forgf, for genes for long or very long internodes and for stem fasciation, show a seed production of more than 800% of that of mutant 189.

Gene efr was tested in 59 combinations. The seed production of a high proportion of the recombinants studied was found to be essentially better than that of the parental genotype. This holds true for both long- and short-stemmed recombinants.

An early-flowering tendril-less super-dwarf shows a surprisingly high productivity partly due to the positive alteration of the pleiotropic pattern of gene efr.

The selection value of both the genes could be strongly improved by combining them with specific other mutant genes of the Pisum genome.

Return to content

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 15, No.1 (1983), pp. 33-44

Serbia

UDC 575.17 : 631

Original scientific paper

SELECTION INDICES IN CORN BREEDING

D. MIŠEVIĆ and J. DUMANOVIĆ

Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, 11080 Zemun, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Mišević, D. and Dumanović J. (1983): Selection indices in corn breeding. - Genetika, Vol. 15, No. 1, 33-44.

Genetic variance and covariance in BSSS population were estimated. Grain yield, kernel row number, number of ears per 100 plants, weight of 100 kernels, ear diameter and kernel moisture content were studied.

On the basis of genetic variance-covariance, desired gain indices for joint selection for two, three and four yield component traits, as well as for selection for grain yield and lower kernel moisture content were constructed. The response of grain yield by modified ear-to-row selection for yield components per se and by selection with desired gain indices was predicted. Predictions were also made for simultaneous selection for grain yield and moisture content. The most efficient indices were selected as selection criteria for a first cycle of selection.

Selection by desired gain indices is more efficient in grain yield improvement than selection for each yield component or grain yield per se. The efficiency of indirect selection for grain yield increased with the introduction of second and third traits, but decreased with the introduction of a fourth trait in the index.

The predicted values of simultaneous selection for grain yield and kernel moisture content indicate the possibility of decreasing the moisture content, while maintaining nearly the some level of grain yield. Also, increase of grain yield, maintaining the same kernel moisture content seems to be possible.

The agreement between predicted and actual responses after one cycle of selection is good for the selected traits.

Return to content

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 15, No.1 (1983), pp. 45-50

Serbia

UDC: 575.832

Original scientific paper

GENETIC DIVERGENCE IN MACARONI WHEAT (TRITICUM DURUM DESF.)

A.K. SINGH, H.G. SINGH and S.P. SINGH

Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology

Kanpur - 208002, India

Abstract

Singh, A.K., Singh, H.G. and Singh, S.P. (1983): Genetic divergence in macaroni wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). - Genetika, Vol. 15, No. 1, 45-50.

Genetic divergence was assessed in 34 varieties of Triticum durum Desf. using Mahalanobis's D² technique for ten characters. The strains were grouped in nine clusters. Cluster I was the largest and included 15 varieties. Ujjain - 6, MACS 36, MPO 152 and NI 5749 formed single variety clusters. The geographic diversity was not related to genetic diversity. Intracluster highest value was observed for cluster V followed by IV and II. Intercluster distance was maximal between cluster V and cluster VI. Variety NI 5749, MPO 152 and MACS 36 were observed to be more diverse than others.

Return to content

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 15, No.1 (1983), pp. 51-56

Serbia

UDC 575.224

Original scientific paper

THE EFFECT OF THE OPAQUE-2 SUGARY-2 MUTATION IN FLINT AND DENT BACKGROUNDS ON KERNEL CHARACTERISTICS AND PROTEIN BALANCE IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)

R.PETROVIĆ

Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje 11081 Zemun, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Petrović, R. (1983): The effect of the opaque-2 sugary-2 mutation in flint and dent backgrounds on kernel characteristics and protein balance in maize (Zea mays L.) Genetika, Vol. 15, No. 1, 51-56.

The sugary-2 gene (su- 2) was incorporated into an opaque-2 (o₂) synthetic to develop a family of double mutant opaque-2 sugary-2 (o₂ o₂ su₂ su₂) plantswith the aim of selecting for increased content and balance of protein. The average content of lysine and histidine was higher in the double mutant o₂ o₂ su₂ su₂ than in the single mutant o₂ o₂. However, the 100 kernel weight of the double mutant was lower compared to the single mutant, but the kernel density was higher in the double mutant.

By incorporating the sugary-2 gene into the opaque-2 population the variability of lysine and histidine content in maize was increased.

Return to content

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 15, No.1 (1983), pp. 57-73

Serbia

UDC 575.222.7

Original scientific paper

THE INFLUENCE OF PARTENT CULTIVARS ON FERTILIZATION, FRUIT SET, SEED GERMINATION, VITALITY AND THE JUVENILE PHASE IN APRICOT HYBRIDS IN THE F₁ GENERATION

S.A. PAUNOVIĆ,¹ R. PLAZINIĆ, D.OGAŠANOVIĆ and M.LJULJIĆ

Fruit Research Institute, 32000 Čačak, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Paunović, A. S., Plazinić, R., Qgašanović, D., and Ljujić, M. (1981): The influence of parent cultivars on fertilization, fruit set, seed germination, vitality and the juvenile phase in apricot hybrids in the F₁ generation. - Genetika, Vol. 15, No. 1, 57-73.

A total of 53 apricot parent cvs were studied in 142 different crosses. The apricot cvs Hungarian Best, Keczkemeter Rose and Hindu-Kush give better results in obtaining hybrid seeds after crossing with mixed pollen grain of two or three apricot cvs than after single crossing, with some exceptions. To obtain a higher level of fertilization i.e. to obtain more hybrid seed, it is necessary to provide suitable apricot cultivars for crossing, or a corresponding combination of mixed pollen. Hybrid seeds of Keczkemeter Rose and Hindu-Kush are significantly more vital and give more hybrid seedlings than hybrid seeds of Hungarian Best. The hybrid trees begin bearing fruit in the fourth year after planting. The parent cultivars have a significant influence on the vitality of hybrid trees as well as on the beginning of bearing. Henderson showed the highest influence on these parameters.

Return to content

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 15, No.1 (1983), pp. 75-84

Serbia

UDC 575.222

Original scientific paper

COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS FOR QUALITY CHARACTERS IN COTTONSEED

Padmini SHIVKUMAR, H.G. SINGH and Y.S. CHAUHAN

Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, C.S. Azad, University of Agriculture and Technology

Kanpur - 208002, India

Abstract

Shivkumar, P., Singh, H.G. and Chauhan, Y.S. (1983): Combining ability analysis for quality characters in cottonseed. - Genetika. Vol. 15. No. 1, 75-84.

In the present investigation, combining ability analysis was carried out in a set of diallel crosses to determine the genetic architecture of parental material as well as their possible crosses for ash, ascorbic acid, gossypol and phosphorus contents in cottonseed. General combining ability (GCA) effects in both the generations showed that parent J 205 was a good combiner for both ash and phosphorus contents, Khandwa 2 for ascorbic acid content, CP 1998F for gossypol and LSS for phosphorus contents. Specific combining ability (SCA) showed that Khandwa 2 x KS 72 was the best cross combination for ash content, Pramukh x LSS for ascorbic acid content, RS 89 x H 14 x LSS for gossypol and pramukh x LSS for phosphorus content. Most of the crosses of the superior combination involved at least one parent with a high GCA effect. A close association was also observed between per se performance and combining ability effects.

Return to content

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 15, No.1 (1983), pp. 85-92

Serbia

UDC 575.1

Original scientific paper

INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO ROOT ROT (PHAEOCYTOSPORELLA ZEAE STOUT) IN MAIZE

M. DRAGANIĆ

Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje 11080 - Zemun, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Draganić, M. (1982): Inheritance of resistance to root rot (Phaeocytosporella zeae, Stout) in maize. - Genetika, Vol. 15, No. 1, 85-92.

The inheritance of resistance to root rot (Phaecytosporella zeae, Stout) was studied in maize. Combining abilities analysis and component variance results and regression analysis data indicata additive and nonadditive gene action, the nonadditive action predominating.

Return to content

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 15, No.1 (1983), pp. 93-103

Serbia

UDC 575.22

Original scientific paper

GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS OF GENETIC VARIABILITY IN THE SMOOTH NEWT (TRITURUS VULGARIS)

M.L. KALEZIĆ

Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Science 11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Kalezić, M.L. (1983): Geographical aspects of genetic variability in the smooth newt (Triturus vulgaris). - Genetika, Vol. 15, No. 1, 93-103.

An electrophoretic survey for genetic variability at 22 gene loci in 27 populations of four subspecies of the smooth newt (Triturus vulgaris) reveals differences among these taxa in amounts of intrapo-pulational variability. It is suggested that restricted and marginal geographical distributions of T.v. meridionalis, T. v. graecus and T.v. dalmaticus are reflected in substantially lower levels of their genetic variability compared with he widespread nominal subspecies. Some features (of the life history of the smooth newt might be capable of maintaining a high level of intrapopulational genetic variability in T.v. vulgaris through different forms of balancing selection. In other subspecies studied the amount of genetic variability might be greatly reduced by random genetic drift, directional selection for homozygotes and some historical factors as well. Within T.v. vulgaris, a spatial autocorrelation analysis of heterozygosity values reveals "independence" of each population from neighbouring populations. A negative, though not statistically significant, correlation between altitudes of T.v. vulgaris populations and their heterozygosities reflects the complex of deterministic and stochastic forces reducing genetic variability in montane, compared to lowland, habitats.

Return to content

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 15, No.1 (1983), pp. 105-113

Serbia

UDC 575.113-2

Original scientific paper

CLINAL VARIATION OF NULL ALLELES IN EUROPEAN BLACK PINE (PINUS NIGRA ARN.)

Dj. NIKOLIĆ and N. TUCIĆ

Maize research institute, Zemun Polje, 11080 Zemun.

and Faculty of Science, University of Belgrade, 11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Nikolić, Dj. and Tucic, N. (198..): Clinal variation of null alleles in european black pine (Pinus nigraAm.).- Genetika, Vol. 15, No. 1, 105-113.

Electrophoretic analyses of isoenzyme variation have shown that the average frequencies of null alleles at four loci of Pinus nigra exhibit clinal variation with respect of latitude. Spaceman's correlation coefficient calculated between the average frequencies of null alleles in each of 28 local populations of black pine and their latitudinal positions in the Mediterranean area analysed is negative and highly significant (r_s =-0.573). The present results are in good accordance with the hypothesis that null alleles have an important role in the maintenance of genetic variability of black pine populations.

Return to content

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 15, No.1 (1983), pp. 115-117

Serbia

UDC 577.21

Original scientific paper

QUANTIFICATION OF SYNCHRONY FROM DNA SYNTHETIC PROFILES IN MAMMALIAN CELL CULTURES

B. DJORDJEVIĆ

Radiation Biology Division Department of Radiation Oncology, Downstate Medical Center

State University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11203, USA

Abstract

Djordjević, B. (1983): Quantification of synchrony from DNA synthetic profiles in mammalian cell cultures. - Genetika, Vol. 15, No. 1, 115-117.

An improved method for evaluating synchrony in mammalian cell cultures is proposed. The method is based on the incorporation of radioactive thymidine in the acid-insoluble fraction of cells at different ages of the culture, and the comparison of the DNA synthetic profile so obtained with an idealized profile.

Return to content

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 15, No.1 (1983), pp. 119-126

Serbia

UDC 575.1

Original scientific paper

INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO EAR ROT (PHAEOCYTOSPORELLA ZEAE, STOUT) IN MAIZE

M. DRAGANIĆ and G. C. MULENGA

Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Belgrade, Yugoslavia Maut Makulu Research Station, Zambia

Abstract

Draganić, M., Mulenga, G.C., (1983): Inheritance of resistance to ear rot (Phaeocytosporella zeae, Stout) in maize. - Genetika, Vol. 15, No. 1,119-126.

The inheritance of resistance of maize to ear rot caused by Phaeocytosporella zeae, Stout was investigated in this work. The results of analyses of combining abilities and variance components, as well as regression analysis indicate that in maize the inheritance of resistance to ear rot is stipulated by additive and non-additive gene action with overdominance of additive gene action and by a polugenic system, the environment and their interaction.

Return to content

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 15, No.1 (1983), pp. 127-141

Serbia

UDC 577.151.64

Original scientific paper

ISOENZYME VARIATION IN SOME MAIZE VARIETIES FROM YUGOSLAVIA

Branka TUCIĆ and N. TUCIĆ

Institute for Biological Research and Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Tucić, B. and Tucić, N. (1983): Isoensime variation in some maize varieties from Yugoslavia. - Genetika, Vol. 15, No. 1, 127-141.

Isoenzyme variation was studied at 18 gene loci which code for 9 different enzymes in 13 local populations of maize from Yugoslavia, It was shown that maize contains a high level of allozyme variation which is distributed largely within local populations rather than among them.

Return to content