GENETIKA, Vol

GENETIKA, Vol. 18, No.1 (1986)

Tatjana JOVANOVIĆ and Emilija STOJIMIROVIĆ

SISTER CHROMATIDE EXCHANGES (SCE) IN CHILDREN WITH MALIGNANT LYMPHOMA AFTER POLYCHEMIO AND RADIO THERAPY [Abstract]

N. TUCIĆ and M.L. KALEZIĆ

ON GENETIC VARIATON AND AGE STRUCTURE: EVIDENCE FROM ANALYSIS OF THE EUROPEAN COMMON NEWT (TRITURUS VULGARIS) [Abstract]

Jovanka NIKOLIŠ and V. KEKIĆ

FREQUENCY OF ACROCENTRIC ASSOCIATIONS AND Ag-NORs IN PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH DE NOVO 21/21 TRANSLOCATION SYNDROME [Abstract]

R.L. SRIVASTAVA, U.S. SANTOSHI and H.G. SINGH

DIALLEL AND PARTIAL DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF SOME YIELD COMPONENTS IN PEA (Pisum sativum L.) [Abstract]

M. IVANOVIĆ and K. ROSIĆ

MULTIPLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS METHOD FOR FOUR STALK TRAITS AND STALK LODGING IN MAIZE [Abstract]

Milica HRUSTIĆ, B. BELIĆ and Dj. JOCKOVIĆ

INHERITANCE OF YIELD COMPONENTS AND YIELD IN DIALLEL CROSSES OF SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX L. MERRILL) [Abstract]

R.P. KATIYAR and R.S. RAM

GENETIC ARCHITECTURE OF YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN IN POWDERY MILDEW AND RUST RESISTANT LINES OF PISUM SATTIVUM L. [Abstract]

B. MATKOVIĆ and LJ. TOPISIROVIĆ

MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF BACTERIAL RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS [Abstract]

Milena ĆIRIĆ and Angelina NOVAK

CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATIONS AND NEOPLASIA: PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME IN THE LIGHT OF RECENT ACHIEVEMENTS [Abstract]

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 18, No.1 (1986), pp. 1-6

Serbia

UDC 575.224.232.3

Original scientific paper

SISTER CHROMATIDE EXCHANGES (SCE) IN CHILDREN WITH MALIGNANT LYMPHOMA AFTER POLYCHEMIO AND RADIO THERAPY

Tatjana JOVANOVIĆ and Emilija STOJIMIROVIĆ

Children's University Hospital, 1 1000 Beograd, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Jovanović T. and Stojimirović E. (1985): Sister chromatide exchanges (SCE) in children with malignant lymphoma after polychemio and radio therapy. - Genetika, Vol. 18, No. 1, 1-6.

There are many reports about persistent damage to the human genome which occurs after polychemio and radio therapy. Discrete lesions of the human genome may be detected by sister chromatide exchanges (SCE) in lymphocytes during mitosis.

In our work sister chromatide exchanges (SCE) were investigated in 15 children after treatment for malignant lymphoma. The studies were carried out 1-31 months after interrupting polychemio and ratio therapy.

The SCE score was significantly higher in the group of patients than in controls. Repeated investigations demonstrated a decrease in SCE score with time. However, persisting genome damage in some patients may influence the appearance of secondary malignant disease.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 18, No.1 (1986), pp. 7-17

Serbia

UDC 575.852.112

Original scientific paper

ON GENETIC VARIATON AND AGE STRUCTURE: EVIDENCE FROM ANALYSIS OF THE EUROPEAN COMMON NEWT (TRITURUS VULGARIS)

N. TUCIĆ and M.L. KALEZIĆ

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Beograd-11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Tucić N. and Kalezić M.L. (1986): On genetic variation and age structure: Evidence from analysis of the european common newt (Trituru svulgarisj. - Genetika, Vol. 18, No. 1, 7-17.

The genotype distribution of age classes in eleven natural populations of the smooth newt, Triturus vulgaris, is presented in this paper. The aim of our study was to determine if shifts in the age structure of populations were accompanied by concomitant shifts in their genetic structures as estimated by electrophoretic data on allelic frequencies. The distribution of the number of heterozygotes of the analysed enzyme loci for different the age classes showed no significant difference of heterozygosity among age classes. Although some results of the gene diversity analyses indicate that the smooth newt populations could be genetically structured with age classes, they did not allow us to identify any clear arid consistent relationship between allozyme variation and age structure.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 18, No.1 (1986), pp. 19-34

Serbia

UDC 575.224.232.3

Original scientific paper

FREQUENCY OF ACROCENTRIC ASSOCIATIONS AND Ag-NORs IN PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH DE NOVO 21/21 TRANSLOCATION SYNDROME

Jovanka NIKOLIŠ¹ and V. KEKIĆ

Institute of Biology and human genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Beograd and

Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Nikolis J. and Kekic V. (1986): Frequency of acrocentric associations and Ag-NORs in parents of children with de novo 21/21 translocations syndrome. - Genetika, Vol. 18, No. 1, 19-34.

The frequency of acrocentric associations was examined in 10 pairs of parents of children with denovo 21/21 translocation Down's syndrome (tDS) and in 10 control fathers and 10 control mothers. It was established that the association frequency of chromosome 21 did not deviate significantly from random expectation in any of these groups. There were no differences between the parents and controls in the chromosome 21 association coefficient (AC). Ag-NOR analyses were performed in 7 pairs of parents and their tDS children. Ag-NOR sizes of homologue pairs were positively correlated with the AC of the same homologues, especially with regard to chromosome 21. The Ag-negative acrocentrics, as well as variable Ag-NOR acrocentrics in the parents reappeared in the probands indicating the heritability of these NOR traits.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 18, No.1 (1986), pp. 35-41

Serbia

UDC 575.113.34

Original scientific paper

DIALLEL AND PARTIAL DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF SOME YIELD COMPONENTS IN PEA (Pisum sativum L.)

R.L. SRIVASTAVA, U.S. SANTOSHI and H.G. SINGH

Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur - 208002, India

Abstract

Srivastava R.L., Santoshi U.S. and Singh H.G. (1986): Diallel and partial diallel analysis of some yield components in pea (Pisum sativum L.). - Genetika, Vol. 18, No. 1, 35-41.

A comparison of the estimates of combining ability obtained from a full diallel and from partial diallel sets for all possible values of 's' involving 15-parents is described.

A comparison of the different partial diallel designs with the full diallel established that the crossing programme could be substantially reduced to s n/2 without much loss in the precision of the estimates for ordering a large number of parents for their-GCA effects. The GCA effects tended to be overestimated with the decrease in V particularly when 's' is less than n/2. The ranking pattern of the parents on the basis of per se performance proved almost to be the best general combiners for all the characters in full diallel and in partial diallel (up to s = n/2).

Both GCA and SCA variances were important for all the characters in both full and partial diallels. Parents 6113 and P209 were the best general combiners for the characters studied. Per se performance of the parents was related with their GCA effects. The over-dominance type of gene-action seemed to be predominant for fertile nodes, grain yield per plant and harvest index. To exploit both additive and non-additive genetic variances, biparental mating in early generations was suggested.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 18, No.1 (1986), pp. 43-50

Serbia

UDC 575.113.34

Original scientific paper

MULTIPLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS METHOD FOR FOUR STALK TRAITS AND STALK LODGING IN MAIZE

M. IVANOVIĆ and K. ROSIĆ

Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", Beograd, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Ivanović M. and Rosić K. (1986): Multiple regression analysis method for four stalk traits and stalk lodging in maize. - Genetika, Vol. 18, No. 1, 43-50.

The all possible regressions method was used for an investigation of the effect of four stalk traits on resistance to lodging in maize (Zea mays L). The internode below the ear was used as the sample, because it has the highest frequency of breaking. The following traits were investigated: length of the internode, thickness of the primary rind, total water and cellulose content (in percent) at harvest. The percentage of lodged plants was taken as a dependent variable.

The breeding material consisted of five inbred lines of different resistance to lodging and their 10 F₁ diallel crosses.

The highest effect of stalk resistance to lodging was shown by water content, individually; by water content and thickness of the primary rind in the two-factor combination; and water content, thickness of the primary rind and length of the internode in the three-factor combination.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 18, No.1 (1986), pp. 51-60

Serbia

UDC 575.113.4:633.875

Original scientific paper

INHERITANCE OF YIELD COMPONENTS AND YIELD IN DIALLEL CROSSES OF SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX L. MERRILL)

Milica HRUSTIĆ, B. BELIĆ and Dj. JOCKOVIĆ

Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Hrustić M., Belić B. and Jocković Dj. (1986): Inheritance of yield components and yield in diallel crosses of soybean (Glycine max. L. Merill). - Genetika, Vol. 18, No. 1, 51 -60.

Hybridization is the most frequently employed method in the development of new soybean varieties. In the F₁ generation, the soybean exhibits pronounced heterosis for yield and some yield components. As the heterotic effect diminishes in later generations, it is necessary to gain knowledge of the heritability and variability of certain characters. In this study, five soybean varieties were diallelly crossed and the parents, F₁ , and F₂ generation were analysed for pod number per plant, grain number per plant, grain number per pod, 1000-grain mass, and yield per plant. The lowest variability was observed for the mass of 1000 grains. Heritability in the broad-sense usually depended on the crossing combination but generally it was highest for 1000-grain mass. The values for heritability in the narrow sence were highest for the number of grains per plant and 1000-grain mass.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 18, No.1 (1986), pp. 61-74

Serbia

UDC 575.114/222

Original scientific paper

GENETIC ARCHITECTURE OF YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN IN POWDERY MILDEW AND RUST RESISTANT LINES OF PISUM SATTIVUM L.

R.P. KATIYAR and R.S. RAM

University of Agriculture and Technology, Faizabad, India.

Abstract

Katiyar R.P. and Ram R.S. (1986): Genetic architecture of yield and its components in powdery mildew and rust resistant lines of Pisum sativum L. - Genetika, Vol. 18, No. 1, 61-74.

The nature of gene action, heritability, genetic advance and good general and specific combiners are reported for yield and its component traits from a line x tester analysis involving 14 lines (resistant to powdery mildew and rust) and 3 testers (susceptible to both powdery mildew and rust) in F₁ and F₂ generations of Pisum sativum L. There was a preponderance of non-additive gene action for all the characters under study. Narrow sense heritability and expected genetic advance were low. The mean performance of the strains did not reflect their good general combining ability. HFP6 for grain yield and PRS11 for number of pods per plant, pod length and 110-seed weight were good general combiners in both the generations. Ten crosses were good specific combiners for grain yield. There was a close correspondence between mean performance of the crosses and specific combining ability effects. P185 x T163, PRS15 xPG3 and PRS8 x Bans were the potential crosses.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 18, No.1 (1986), pp. 75-86

Serbia

UDC 575.133

Review paper

MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF BACTERIAL RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS

B. MATKOVIĆ and LJ. TOPISIROVIĆ

Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute "Boris Kidrič", P.O. Box 522, 11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Matković B. and Topisirović Lj. (1986): Molecular mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. -Genetika, Vol. 18, No. 1, 75-86.

A brief review of antibiotic action and resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is presented. Attention is paied to antibiotics which are very often used in chemotherapy. In that respect, the modes of action of β-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines and chloromphenicol are given, pointing out the targets of their action. Mechanisms of bacterial resistance are discussed from the biochemical aspect including modification of the target, reduced physiological role of the target, prevention of antibiotic entry into the cell and enzymatic modification of antibiotics. In addition to biochemical mechanisms, the genetic background of resistance and the role of R-plasmids in resistance is discussed, as well.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 18, No.1 (1986), pp. 87-97

Serbia

UDC 575.224: 232.3

Review paper

CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATIONS AND NEOPLASIA: PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME IN THE LIGHT OF RECENT ACHIEVEMENTS

Milena ĆIRIĆ and Angelina NOVAK

Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics, Clinical Center, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Ćirić M. and Novak A. (1986): Chromosomal translocations and neoplasia: Philadelphia chromosome in the light of recent achievements. - Genetika, Vol. 18, No. 1, 87-97.

On the basis of an extensive revue of the relevant literature, the authors point out had remained as a theoretical speculation until modern techniques in cytogenetics and molecular had remained as a theoretical speculation until moderan techniques in cytogenetics and molecular biology were introduced and developed. It has been considered recently that particular cell genes-oncogenes have the main role in tumourogenesis; their activation being exprimed by chromosomal translocations. Analysis of the breakpoints in those translocations leads toward a cytogenetic model of tumourogenesis, which the authors have demonstrated by analysis of the Ph¹chromosome structure.

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