GENETIKA, Vol

GENETIKA, Vol. 20, No.2 (1988)

C. BIEMONT and M.D.OCHANDO

REGULATION OF RATE OF VISIBLE MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES BY INBREEDING IN DROSOPHILA MALANOGASTER POPULATION [Abstract]

S. RATKOVIĆ and M. DENIĆ

INFLUENCE OF MUTANT GENES ON WATER RELATIONS IN MAIZE KERNELS. I. WATER IMBIBITION PROCESS [Abstract]

R. PETROVIĆ and Vesna HADŽI-TAŠKOVIĆ ŠUKALOVIĆ

BREEDING FOR HIGH PROTEIN CONTENT AND QUALITY IN A DOUBLE MUTANT O₂SU₂O₂SU₂ MAIZE POPULATION [Abstract]

M. VIDAKOVIĆ

EFFECT OF C-TYPE CYTOPLASMIC MALE-STERILITY AND ITS RESTORER GENES ON YIELD AND SOME OTHER TRAITS IN INBRED AND HYBRID MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) [Abstract]

M.P. GUPTA, P.K. GUPTA, I.B. SINGH and P. SINGH

GENETIC ANALYSIS FOR QUALITY CHARACTERS IN RICE [Abstract]

Snežana MEZEI and L. KOVAČEV

VEGETATIVE MULTIPLICATION OF SUGARBEET FROM VARIOUS EXPLANTS THROUGH IN VITRO CULTURE [Abstract]

R. KASTORI, P. DOKIĆ and Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ

INHERINTANCE OF MINERAL ELEMENT CONTENTS IN SUGAR BEET LEAVES [Abstract]

R.K. GUPTA and S.P. SINGH

DIALLEL ANALYSIS FOR SEED YIELD, OIL CONTENT AND OTHER ECONOMIC TRAITS IN SAFFLOWER (CARTHAMUS ITNCTORIUS L.) [Abstract]

Dj. JOCKOVIĆ, Milica HRUSTIĆ and M. VIDIĆ

THE COMPONENTS OF GENETIC VARIANCE OF QUANTITATIVE PROPERTIES OF SOYBEAN [Abstract]

A. SOFRADŽIJA, R. HADŽISELIMOVIĆ and Davorka ZOVKO

MUTAGENIC AND GENOTOXIC EFFECTS OF SOME HERBICIDES IN MERISTEM TISSUE OF ALLIUM CEPA [Abstract]

M. STOJAKOVIĆ

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS OF SUGARBEET [Abstract]

J.K. SAXENA, I.B. SINGH and R.L. SRIVASTAVA

GENETIC ARCHITECTURE OF YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN PEA (PISUM SATIVUM L.) [Abstract]

D. MIŠEVIĆ

SIZE OF MAIZE F2 POPULATION FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF SUPERIOR YIELDING TEST-CROSSES [Abstract]

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 20, No.2 (1988), pp. 105-111

Serbia

UDC 575.222.2

Original scientific paper

REGULATION OF RATE OF VISIBLE MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES BY INBREEDING IN DROSOPHILA MALANOGASTER POPULATION

C. BIEMONT and M.D.OCHANDO

Département de Biologie Générale et Appliquée, Université Lyon 1, 69622 Vileurbanne, France and

Departamento de Genética, Faculted de C. Biológicas, Universidad Complutense 28040-Madrid, Spain

Abstract

Biemont C. and M.D. Ochando (1988): Regulation of rate of visible morphological changes by inbreeding in a Drosophila melanogaster population, - Genetika, Vol. 20, No. 2, 105-111.

Visible morphological changes were screened in a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster by means of brother-sister matings. Sib progenies were classified according to the kind of mortalities observed throughout development. It appears that a low egg hatchability, due to embryonic mortality, in some inbred progenies, is associated with the adults surviving with a number of visible morphological changes lower than expected under inbreeding. We relate this observation to mutator effects and their regulation by the maternal organism and inbreeding.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 20, No.2 (1988), pp. 113-122

Serbia

UDC 575.172:576.3

Original scientific paper

INFLUENCE OF MUTANT GENES ON WATER RELATIONS IN MAIZE KERNELS. I. WATER IMBIBITION PROCESS

S. RATKOVIĆ and M. DENIĆ

Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", 11080 Zemun-Beograd, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Ratković S. and Denić M. (1988): Influence of mutant genes on water relations in maize kernels. I. Water imbibition process. - Genetika, Vol. 20, No. 2, 113-122.

Imbibitional characteristics of maize seeds were studied using a simple model applied to whole kernels, to kernels with pericarp removed and to isolated germ and endosperm. The results are given for a single opaque-2 mutant, double mutants (combination of 5₂ gene with fl₂, wx, su₂, sh₂, du and h gene) and normal analogues.

Opaque and normal kernels of the same ear and the same pericarp genotype, but different genotype of germ and endosperm (originating from fertilization with mixed pollen grains of mutant and normal analogue) exhibited differences in capacity of water imbibition. All opaque kernels of both single and double mutants showed higher imbibitional capacity than the normal version, ranging from 11% for fl₂ o₂ to 70% for sh₂ o₂ mutant. Similar differences were also found between isolated endosperms and germs of the mutant and normal analogue kernels originating from selfing.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 20, No.2 (1988), pp. 123-128

Serbia

UDC 575.173

Original scientific paper

BREEDING FOR HIGH PROTEIN CONTENT AND QUALITY IN A DOUBLE MUTANT 0₂SU₂O₂SU₂ MAIZE POPULATION

R. PETROVIĆ and Vesna HADŽI-TAŠKOVIĆ ŠUKALOVIĆ

Maize Research Institute, 11080 Belgrade - Zemun, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Petrović R.and V. Hadži-Tasković Šukalović (1988): Breeding for high protein content and quality in a double mutant o₂su₂o₂su₂maize population. - Genetika, Vol. 20, No. 2, 123-128.

The objectives of this study were: (1) to develop a double mutant opaque-2 sugary-2 maize with the aim to improve kernel density, (2) to increase protein content in the kernel by S₁ progeny recurrent selection, and (3) to improve the protein quality of the population. Three cycles of S₁progeny selection were developed. The average protein, tryptophan, free proline and lysine contents were quite good. We maintained high levels of tryptophan, free proline and lysine, and considerably increased the protein content in advanced cycles of selection.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 20, No.2 (1988), pp. 129-140

Serbia

UDC 575.222.2/5

Original scientific paper

EFFECT OF C-TYPE CYTOPLASMIC MALE-STERILITY AND ITS RESTORER GENES ON YIELD AND SOME OTHER TRAITS IN INBRED AND HYBRID MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)

M. VIDAKOVIĆ

Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Vidaković M. (1987): Effect of c-type cytoplasmic male-sterility and its restorer genes on yield and some other traits in inbred and hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) - Genetika, Vol. 20, No. 2, 129-140.

The effect of cms C and its restorer genes on yield and some other traits of inbred and hybrid maize was investigated. The results of trials with inbred lines and hybrids were as follows. (1) There was a very significant or significant influence of cytoplasm on yield of both inbreds and hybrids. Cms C analogues of inbred lines and hybrids were, on the average, superior to their counterparts in normal (N) cytoplasm. (2) Very significant or significant interaction was found between cytoplasm and genotype, i.e. the effect of cms C on yield varied from genotype to genotype. (3) The interaction of cytoplasm and environment (locations and years) was ot limited importance and the data indicated that cms C might be superior in unfavourable conditions for maize growing. (4) Different alleles of certain restorer genes for cms C showed a very significant effect on yield in some inbreds and possibly some hybrids.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 20, No.2 (1988), pp. 141-146

Serbia

UDC 575.222.4:631.524.6

Original scientific paper

GENETIC ANALYSIS FOR QUALITY CHARACTERS IN RICE

M.P. GUPTA, P.K. GUPTA, I.B. SINGH and P. SINGH

Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur-208002, India

Abstract

Gupta M.P. PJC. Gupta, I.B. Sigh and P. Singh (1988): Genetic analysis for quality characters in rice. - Genetika, Vol. 20, No. 2, 141-146.

In the present investigation combining ability was analysed in a set of diallel crosses to determine the genetic architecture of parents and their crosses for protein content, tryptophan content and starch content in rice. Highly significant gca and sca variances in both the generations indicated that additive as well as non-additive types of gene action were involved in determining these attributes. The study revealed that the parents Madhukar and IR24 were the best general combiner for starch content Parent T22A was good combiner for protein and tryptophan content and Mahsuri for protein and starch content Most of the superior crosses involved at least one parent with high gca effect. A close association was also observed between per se performance and combining ability effects.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 20, No.2 (1988), pp. 147-152

Serbia

UDC 575.854:631.53

Original scientific paper

VEGETATIVE MULTIPLICATION OF SUGARBEET FROM VARIOUS EXPLANTS THROUGH IN VITRO CULTURE

Snežana MEZEI and L. KOVAČEV

Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture 21000Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Mezei S. and Kovačev L. (1988): Vegetative multiplication of sugarbeet from various explants through in vitro culture. - Genetika, Vol.20, No. 2, 147-152.

It is difficult to preserve homozygous material for long because Beta vulgaris L. is an open-pollinated plant. Micropropagation enables preservation of identical genetic material, fixation of heterozygotes and their propagation by induction of axillar and adventitious buds. Sugarbeet self-pollination leads to conspicuous depression of quantitative characters and to partial or complete failure to form seeds in autosterile genotypes. It is difficult to preserve the material by classical methods. Since sugarbeet selection is a long process the techniques of micropropagation in vitro would enable cloning and preservation of selected autosterile genotypes.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 20, No.2 (1988), pp. 153-160

Serbia

UDC 575.172:572.21

Original scientific paper

INHERINTANCE OF MINERAL ELEMENT CONTENTS IN SUGAR BEET LEAVES

R. KASTORI, P. DOKIĆ and Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ

Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Kastori R., P. Dokić and M. Kraljević-Balalić (1988): Inheritance of mineral element contents in sugar beet leaves. - Genetika, Vol. 20, No. 2, 153-160.

The mode of inheritance of mineral element con tent (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) in four F₁ sugar beet hybrids was determined.

The inheritance of N and K contents in F₁ sugar beet leaves was intermediate in most combinations, which means that the gene action was additive. For the other mineral contents (P, Ca, Mg), the gene action was non-additive. Environmental variability accounted for the majority of phenotypic variability for N, P, K, Ca, and Mg. The interaction between genotypes and years was highly significant for the contents of all mineral elements, except P content.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 20, No.2 (1988), pp. 161-173

Serbia

UDC 575.222.7

Original scientific paper

DIALLEL ANALYSIS FOR SEED YIELD, OIL CONTENT AND OTHER ECONOMIC TRAITS IN SAFFLOWER (CARTHAMUS ITNCTORIUS L.)

R.K. GUPTA and S.P. SINGH

National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow - 226001, India

Abstract

Gupta R.K. and S.P. Singh (1988): Diollel analysis for teed yield, oil content and other economic traits in safflower (Carthamus tinctoriusL.1 - Genetika, Vol. 20, No. 2,161-173.

A ten parent diallel cross excluding reciprocals of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) was analysed for plant height, no. of primary branches, no. of bolls/plant, seed yield, 100 seed weight and oil percentage in tfie F₁ and F₂ generation. Diallel assumptions were fulfilled for all the characters except seed yield in F₁, though partial failure was noticed for oil percentage and no. of bolls/plant in both the generations and no. of primary branches in F₂ i.e. the regression coefficient was different, significantly from 1.0. Graphical analysis and degree of dominance (H₁/D)^0.5 indicated non-additive gene action for oil percentage, seed yield, 100 seed weight, no. of bolls/plant in F₁ and F₂ and no. of primary branches in F₁ and additive genetic variance for plant height in both the generations and no, of primary branches in F₂. Distribution of array points revealed that parent 'S 59-2-1' followed by culture 1' possessed a higher proportion of recessive genes. No. of bolls/plant in F₁ and oil percentage in F₂ were controlled by four and three groups of genes respectively. Heritability estimates (n.s.), were high for all the characters except oil percentage in F₁ and F₂ and seed yield in F₁. Low heritability and high magnitude of (H₁/D)^0.5 for oil percentage and seed yield may be due to epistatic gene effect. Consequent upon present finding, the breeding plant was discussed.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 20, No.2 (1988), pp. 175-182

Serbia

UDC 575.222

Original scientific paper

THE COMPONENTS OF GENETIC VARIANCE OF QUANTITATIVE PROPERTIES OF SOYBEAN

Dj. JOCKOVIĆ, Milica HRUSTIĆ and M. VIDIĆ

Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops 21000Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Jocković Dj., M. Hrustić and M. Vidić (1988): The components of genetic variance of quantitative properties of soybean. - Genetika, Vol. 20, No, 2, No. 2, 175-182.

In order to study the components of genetic variance, plant height, number and yield of grain per plant and mass of 1000 grains, diallel crossing of six divergent soybean varieties were made excluding reciprocal diallel crossing. Analysis of the components of genetic variance and regression analysis were performed according to the method of Jinks (1954) and Ham an (1954) and Mather and Jinks (1971). In the inheritance of plant height the additive component of genetic variance had the predominant role. The mean degree of dominance /d and the mean of the expected regression line with Wr axis indicate partial dominance in the inheritance of plant height in the F₁ and F₂ generation. The dominant component (H₁ and H₂) had a more important role than the additive component (D) in the inheritance of number and yield of grains per plant and mass of 1000 grains. In gene expression for number and yield of grains per plant and mass of 1000 grains, super dominance was observed.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 20, No.2 (1988), pp. 183-189

Serbia

UDC 575.224.4

Original scientific paper

MUTAGENIC AND GENOTOXIC EFFECTS OF SOME HERBICIDES IN MERISTEM TISSUE OF ALLIUM CEPA

A. SOFRADŽIJA, R. HADŽISELIMOVIĆ and Davorka ZOVKO

Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Sofradžija A., R. Hadžiselimović and D. Zovko (1988): Mutagenic and genotoxic effects of some herbicides in meristem tissue of Allium cepa. - Genetika, Vol. 20, No. 2,183-189.

The applied concentrations (0.05% and 0.10%) of the herbicides TORDON 101 and ARBOGAL effect different genotoxic and mutagenic changes in the root tissue of onion (Allium cepa). The characteristic effects were: mitotic coefficient reduction, mitosis inhibition, abnormal division, phases, chromosome fragmentation, chromosome bridge formation, C-mitosis, polyploidy, etc.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 20, No.2 (1988), pp. 191-198

Serbia

UDC 575.172/173

Original scientific paper

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS OF SUGARBEET

M. STOJAKOVIĆ

Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Stojaković M. (1988): Genetic analysis of quantitative characters of sugar beet. - Genetika, Vol. 20, No. 2,191-198.

The mode of inheritance, the components of genotypic variance and combining abilities for root yield, sugar content and polarization sugar yield (biological sugar) were evaluated in parents (6 + 2) and hybrids (12) of the F\ generation of sugar beet by the line x tester method ; according to Singh and Choudhary (1976). Full dominance of the better parent or superdominance in relation to the better parent were characteristic in the inheritance of root and biological sugar yield in the F₁ generation. Sugar content in F₁ generation was inherited intermediately, or with partial or full dominance by the parent with higher sugar content Nonadditive components of genetic variance had higher importance in genetic expression than the additive components. Inbred line NS cms-101 had the highest positive values of general combining ability (GCA) for all examined characters. None of the crossing combinations had significant values for specific combining abilities (SCA) for the analyzed characters.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 20, No.2 (1988), pp. 199-205

Serbia

UDC 575.222:631.524.5

Original scientific paper

GENETIC ARCHITECTURE OF YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN PEA (PISUM SATIVUM L.)

J.K. SAXENA, I.B. SINGH and R.L. SRIVASTAVA

Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur-208002, India

Abstract

Saxena J.K., I.B. Singh and R.L. Srivastava (1988): Genetic architecture of yield and its components in pea (Pisum sativum L.). -. Genetika, Vol. 20, No. No. 2, 199-205.

The present investigation was undertaken to study the genetic architecture of yield and its component traits through 'line x tester' cross technique. The combining ability in F₁ indicates preponderance of additive gene action for seven characters: number of primary branches, number of pods per axil, number of pods per plant, days to maturity, number of seeds per pod, length of pod and test weight and non-additve gene action preponderance for pod height, plant height and yield per plant. In F₂ all the characters except plant height and number of pods per plant showed preponderance of additive gene action. Overdominance in F_l was observed for plant height, pod height, days to flower and yield per plant, and dominance for number of nodes, days to maturity and breadth of the pod. The rest of the characters viz., number of primary branches, number of pods per axil, number of pods per plant, test weight and length of pod showed partial dominance. In F₂ overdominance was present for plant height and number of pods per plant and dominance for days to flower and yield per plant. For test weight no dominance was observed. For the rest of the characters partial dominance was present

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 20, No.2 (1988), pp. 207-217

Serbia

UDC 575.174 : 631.527.54

Original scientific paper

SIZE OF MAIZE F₂ POPULATION FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF SUPERIOR YIELDING TEST-CROSSES

D. MIŠEVIĆ

Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", 11081 Belgrade-Zemun, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Misevic D. (1988): Size of maize F₂ population for the identification of superior yielding test-crosses. - Genetika, Vol. 20, No. 2, Np. 2, 207-217.

F₂ populations of single crosses are most widely used as sources for line development in maize (Zea mays L.) breeding programs. This experiment was conducted to study the effects of test-cross population size on means and variances of populations and to suggest the appropriate size of maize F₂ populations for the identification of superior yielding test-crosses. F₂ populations Mo17 x N152, Mo17 x Pa91 and Mo17 x Va26 were used. Using inbred line B73 as a tester, fifty test-crosses from each population were evaluated for grain yield in a completely randomized block design (RGB) with three replications at two locations in 1986 in Yugoslavia. Hybrid B73 x Mol7 was used as a check. Estimate of genetic variance (a'g), standard error of genetic variance (SE), heritability (h²), test—cross population mean, five highest-yielding test-cross mean and number of hybrids with yield for at least one least significant difference (LSD) higher than the check mean were measured for 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 random test-crosses.Five random runs were made for each population size within each F₂. Test-cross population mean increased slightly in two out of three F₂'s with an increase in population size. Significant curvilinear responses in yield with a rate of +0.2006, +0.2200 and +0.1929 Mg ha^-1 were found for the five highest yielding test-cross mean within populations Mo17 x N152, Mo17 x Pa91 and Mo17 x Va26, respectively. The estimate of did not change with an increase of population size, while SE and the estimate of h² decreased and increased, respectively. Estimates of and h² were not significantly different from zero for population sizes containing less than 25 test-crosses. The deviation of five highest-yielding test-cross mean from the check mean in Mo17 x N152 and Mo17 x Pa91 was not significant within populations containing less than 15 and 25 test-crosses, respectively. At least 25 test-crosses should be used for evaluation of grain yield within this type of population and tester.

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