GENETIKA, Vol. 21, No.1 (1989)
Lj. TOPISIROVIĆ and D. SAVIĆ
TRANSPOSONS AND MULTIPLE ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN BACTERIA [Abstract]
M. VIDAKOVIĆ
STABIUTY OF cmsC CYTOPLASMC MALE STERILITY IN MAIZE AND ITS INTERACTIONS WITH GENOTYPE AND ENVIRONMENT [Abstract]
R. PETROVIĆ and D. JELOVAC
ESTIMATING THE RELATIVE NUMBER OF LOCI FOR GRAIN YIELD OF INBRED LINES IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) [Abstract]
S.N. ROY, S.W. ALI and B.C. SAHA1
INHERITANCE OF MALE STERILITY IN BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS L. VAR. TORIA [Abstract]
DJ. NIKOLIĆ, Tijana KNEŽEVIĆ, Milena BOGIĆEVIĆ, Gordana ŠURLAN and Mirjana NEŠKOVIĆ
ANDROGENESIS OF CERTAIN MAIZE GENOTYPES [Abstract]
W. GOTTSCHALK
THE COCHLEATA GENE OF THE PISUM GENOME [Abstract]
Olivera MILOŠEVIĆ, B. GARZIČIĆ and D. MARINKOVIĆ
THE FREQUENCY OF SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGE AMONG NEWBORNS, YOUNG, AND OLDER PERSONS, UNDER THE EFFECT OF MUTAGENS [Abstract]
G. SAVIĆ, S, ŽIVKOVIĆ, I. BAJRAKTARI AND A. HAJRIZI
THE EFFECT OF INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION BY HEAVY METALS ON GENETIC CHANGES OF NATURAL POPULATION OF APODEMUS SYLVATICUS L. [Abstract]
J. BLAGOJEVIĆ, D. MARINKOVIĆ and Z. RADOVANOVIĆ
POPULATION-GENETIC STUDIES OF ENDEMIC (BALKAN) NEPHROPATHY IN THE SURROUNDING OF LOZNICA [Abstract]
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.1 (1989), pp. 1-20
© 1989 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.112
Original scientific paper
TRANSPOSONS AND MULTIPLE ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN BACTERIA
Lj. TOPISIROVIĆ and D. SAVIĆ
Centre for Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 283, 11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Topisirović Lj. and D. Savić (1989): Transposons and multiple antibiotic resistance in bacteria. - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1-20.
A brief review of multiple bacterial resistance to antibiotics as a consequence of acquisition of plasmids carrying transpons is presented. Transpons, as mobile genetic elements, allow the dissemination of multiple resistance throughout a bacterial population because plasmids can carry more than one transpons. In addition, transpons are able to make transpositions between unhomologous replicons. It is known that many clinical isolates of pathogenic bacteria are resistant to commonly used antibiotics (β-lactams, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, etc.). Their analysis revealed that among them a great part are resistant due to the presence of transposons located either on plasmids or on the chromosome. Sequence analysis of isolated transposons gives a picture about their relatedness. It was found that antibiotic-resistance determinants are similar in their basic structure, suggesting a common origin of genes responsible for resistant phenotype. Genes conferring resistance to antibiotics, now on transposons, could have evolved from genes of antibiotic-producing bacteria. This speculation is supported by the fact that great homology in DNA sequences has been found between genes coding for aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in aminoglycoside-producing bacteria (Streptomyces) and genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides in pathogenic bacteria. Another line of speculation considers the transposon-related resistance genes as a evolutionary end-product of genes involved in the normal metabolism of bacteria.
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.1 (1989), pp. 21-28
© 1989 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 576.311 + 635.15
Original scientific paper
STABIUTY OF cmsC CYTOPLASMC MALE STERILITY IN MAIZE AND ITS INTERACTIONS WITH GENOTYPE AND ENVIRONMENT
M. VIDAKOVIĆ
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Vidaković M. (1989): Stability of cmsC cytoplasmic male sterility in maize and its interactions with genotype and environment. - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 1, 21-28.
The stability of male sterility in 12 cmsC nonrestored genotypes (inbred fines and hybrids) was evaluated in two years and 'two locations. The degree of male sterility (fertility) was measured through three parameters: (1) fertility rating (1-5); (2) percentage of plants shedding pollen; and (3) fertility index (relative fertility of cmsC stocks compared with their isogenic counterparts in the N-cytoplasm).
The results indicated that the interaction of cytoplasm and nuclear genes (genetic background) was of decisive importance for the stability of male sterility, while the interaction of cytoplasm and environment was of limited importance. In crosses between cmsC and nonrestorer inbreds, both positive and negative complementation’s for the rate of fertility were found.
In one fo the studied cases, the number of genes provoking late break of cmsC male sterility proved to be very low, probably one or several. The elimination of this "modifying gene(s)" resulted in complete and stable male sterility of the inbred itself and its inability to make any complementation, for the rate of fertility (sterility), in its crosses.
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.1 (1989), pp. 29-38
© 1989 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.117.2 + 635.15
Original scientific paper
ESTIMATING THE RELATIVE NUMBER OF LOCI FOR GRAIN YIELD OF INBRED LINES IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)
R. PETROVIĆ and D. JELOVAC
Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Petrović R. and D. Jelovac (1989): Estimating the relative number of loci for grain yield of inbred lines in maize (Zea mays L.). - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 1, 29-38.
The objectives of this study were: (1) to select the best yielding crosses; (2) to estimate the relative value of loci for yield performance in crosses of seven inbred lines; and (3) to select the donor lines that contain favourable alleles at loci where both parental lines of the elite crosses to be improved contain unfavourable alleles.
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.1 (1989), pp. 39-44
© 1989 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.116.1 + 633.844
Original scientific paper
INHERITANCE OF MALE STERILITY IN BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS L. VAR. TORIA
S.N. ROY, S.W. ALI and B.C. SAHA1
Plant Breeding Department, Bihar Agricultural College, Rajendra Agricultural Universiyt, P.O. - Sabour, Dist, - Bhagalpur (BIHAR), India - 813 210
Abstract
Roy S.N., S.W. Ali and B.C. Saha (1989): Inheritance of male sterility in Brassica campestris L, Var, toria. - Genetika Vol. 21, No. 1, 39-44.
Ten male sterile plants were isolated in the M3 generation of a toria variety (Brassica campestris L. Var. toria) BR-23 treated with gamma rays. Male sterile plants were dwarf and bushy with profuse branching. Its flowers were small and the petals were reduced in size to enable the flowers to remain open from the early period of blooming. A single recessive gene was responsible for the expression of this character.
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.1 (1989), pp. 45-51
© 1989 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 635.15
Original scientific paper
ANDROGENESIS OF CERTAIN MAIZE GENOTYPES
DJ. NIKOLIĆ1, Tijana KNEŽEVIĆ1, Milena BOGIĆEVIĆ1, Gordana ŠURLAN1 and Mirjana NEŠKOVIĆ2
1 Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", 11080 Beograd-Zemun, Yugoslavia
2 Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", 11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Nikolić Dj., T. Knežević, M, Bogićević, G. Šurlan and M. Nešković (1989): Androgenesis of certain maize genotypes.- Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 1, 45-51.
The anthers of eight maize genotypes were plated on Yu-pei (YP) medium, during the uni-nucleate microspore stage of development. The anthers had previously been exposed to a cold treatment of 14 days at 8°C. After five to eight weeks the first androgenic calli were noticed with the 78-01 genotype. The remaining genotypes showed no response to the same treatment. Upon transferring embryogenic calli to YPNAS-10 regeneration medium, numerous plants were regenerated. The regeneration medium containing macro- and micro-elements also contained 25 mgl-1 succinic acid, 0.25 mgl-1 ABA and 1 mgl—1 kinetin. Most of the regenerated plants showed normal morphophysiological characteristics during the early stages of growth.
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.1 (1989), pp. 53-61
© 1989 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.224.22 + 635.656
Original scientific paper
THE COCHLEATA GENE OF THE PISUM GENOME
W. GOTTSCHALK
Institute of Genetics, University of Bonn, D 5300 Bonn-1, FR Germany
Abstract
Gottschalk W. (1989): The cochleata gene of the Pisum genome, - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 1, 53-61.
Under the influence of the cochleata gene of Pisum sativum, strongly reduced stipules are formed. Three different cochleata mutants were crossed with many mutants of ourcollectionandl41 recombinants were selected in which the cochleata gene is combined with the leaf genes afila (af) and acacia (tlw) and/or with other mutant genes or gene groups. 104 of them were studied with regard to their seed production.
The productivity of almost all the cochleata genotypes tested is low. In contrast to the acacia and afila recombinants, positive correlation between plant height and seed production was not found in the various cochleata genotypes. The combination of cochleata and acacia leads to foliage leaves in which tlw becomes not only effective in the tendrils but also in the stipules, Cochleata /afila recombinants are "leafless peas" the leaves of which consist exclusively of rachis and tendrils. The leaves of cochleata/'afila/acacia plants are extremely subdivided having more than 800 tiny leaflets. The role of the three leaf genes in leaf evolution is discussed.
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.1 (1989), pp. 63-72
© 1989 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 576.316.33
Original scientific paper
THE FREQUENCY OF SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGE AMONG NEWBORNS, YOUNG, AND OLDER PERSONS, UNDER THE EFFECT OF MUTAGENS
Olivera MILOŠEVIĆ, B. GARZIČIĆ and D. MARINKOVIĆ
Clinical Center 34000 Kragujevac, Institute for mother-child care, 11070 New Belgrade, and
Faculty of Science, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Milošević O., B. Garzičić and D. Marinković (1989): The frequency of sister-chromatid exchange among newbarns, young, and older persons, under the effect of mutagens. - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 1, 63-72.
The blood cells of three groups of individuals were surveyed for their frequency of SCE, for the frequency and type of chromosomal aberations, as well as for their cell-division kinetics: (1) under normal conditions, and (2) under the influence of a mutagen. The frequency of SCE was found to be somewhat higher in newborns than in 5-10 year old children. This was more pronounced when cells were treated by a cytostatic - degranol. In addition the frequency distributions of SCE's turn out to be significantly different in these two samples of aged and non-aged cells. There was no correlation in SCE frequencies between non-treated and degranol-treated cells of the studied persons.
When similar comparisons were made with blood cells of 50-63 year old persons, a significant decrease in SCE frequency was observed, including a difference in the frequency distribution among the individuals studied.
The frequency of degranol-induced chromosomal aberations decreased with age, which could be due, among other things, to an increase in selective mortality of the cells of older persons. The cell kinetics of newborns and of cca 7 year old children is alike, showing the model: mi < M% < M3. Among the cells treated by degranol, as well as cells from untreated persons more than 50 years old, the length of mitosis showed the opposite model: M1 > M2 > M3. The possible sources of the studied phenomena have been discussed.
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.1 (1989), pp. 73-81
© 1989 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.224.232.6+636.932
Original scientific paper
THE EFFECT OF INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION BY HEAVY METALS ON GENETIC CHANGES OF NATURAL POPULATION OF APODEMUS SYLVATICUS L.
G. SAVIĆ1, S, ŽIVKOVIĆ2, I. BAJRAKTARI1 AND A. HAJRIZI1
'Faculty of Science, University of Priština, 38000 Priština
and Institute for Biological Research 'S. Stanković', 11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Savić G., S. Živković, L. Bajraktari and A. Hajrizi (1989): The effect of industrial pollution by heavy metals on genetic changes of natural population of Apodemus sylvaticus L, - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 1, 73-81.
In this study changes were followed in the genetic material of organisms of the species Apodemus sylvaticus L. in the immediate environment of the smeltery of heavy metals in Zvečan near Titova Mitrovica.
The results of the analysis of bone marrow cells demonstrate a significant statistical difference in relation to control groups of the same species from unpolluted environments. Namely there was an increased number of cells with hypercondensed chromosomes. Also a slightly increased number of fragments and breaks was found on bigger chromosomes in the caryotype of this species in relation to controls.
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.1 (1989), pp. 83-94
© 1989 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.17
Original scientific paper
POPULATION-GENETIC STUDIES OF ENDEMIC (BALKAN) NEPHROPATHY IN THE SURROUNDING OF LOZNICA
J. BLAGOJEVIĆ, D. MARINKOVIĆ and Z. RADOVANOVIĆ
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Blagojević J., D. Marinković and Z. Radovanović (1989): Population-genetic studies of endemic (Balkan) nephropathy in the surrounding of Loznica. - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 1, 83-94.
Balkan endemic nephropathy (EN) has so far been discovered in almost 150 villages along the rivers approaching the Danube, in Bulgaria, Rumania and Yugoslavia (i.e. in Bosnia, Croatia and Serbia), with a total of cca. 25.000 affected persons. Our study includes an analysis of thirty genetically controlled morpho-physiological traits, in a sample of 64 persons affected by EN and their relatives, as well as of 50 unaffected persons as a control. A significant difference in the frequency of a number of such traits has been found, suggesting that: (1) disposition to become ill of EN could be pleiotropically controlled by the same genes as the development of such morpho-physiological traits, or/and (2) the persons affected by EN could be the progenies of earlier immigrants, expressing population-genetic differences in a number of the correlated characters studied. Our hypothesis that among EN-affected persons and their relatives an increased frequency of recessive traits should be found, manifesting genetic load effects needs to be proved in further studies.