GENETIKA, Vol

GENETIKA, Vol. 21, No.2 (1989)

Marija RADOJČIĆ and Marija KRSTIĆ

STEROID RECEPTORS: TRIGGERING ELEMENTS OF THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL MACHINERY [Abstract]

J. COVARRUBIAS-PRIETO, A.R. HALLAUER and K.R. LAMKEY

INTERMATING F₂ POPULATIONS OF MAIZE [Abstract]

A.K. MANDAL and S.K. SADHU

GENETIC ARCHITECTURE OF YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) [Abstract]

S.K. SADHU and A.K. MANDAL

GENETIC VARIABILITY AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION IN CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) [Abstract]

M. MILOŠEVIĆ, D. BEJAKOVIĆ and N. TUCIĆ

THE GENETIC VARIATION OF LIFE HISTORY TRAITS AND SENESCENCE IN THE BEAN WEEVIL (ACANTHOSCELIDES OBTECTUS, SAY) [Abstract]

D. JOVIČIĆ, A. SOFRADŽIJA, M. NOVAKOVIĆ and Z. ALEČKOVIĆ

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE MUTAGENIC EFFECTS OF PHENOL ON HUMAN

PERIPHERAL BLOOD CELLS [Abstract]

B.N. SINGH and A.K. SINGH

THE SUPPRESSION OF CROSSING-OVER BETWEEN HETEROZYGOUS INVERSIONS OF DROSOPHILA ANANASSAE [Abstract]

D. JOVIČIĆ, A. SOFRADŽIJA and M. NOVAKOVIĆ

THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF "PURE" AND TEHNICAL PHENOL ON ROOT CELLS OF ALLIUM CEPA [Abstract]

R. ČUKURANOVIĆ, D. MARINKOVIĆ, S. STRAHINJIĆ1 and V. STEFANOVIĆ1

POPULATION-GENETIC ANALYSES OF BALKAN ENDEMIC NEPHROPATHY [Abstract]

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.2 (1989), pp. 97-110

Serbia

UDC 577.117.2

Original scientific paper

STEROID RECEPTORS: TRIGGERING ELEMENTS OF THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL MACHINERY

Marija RADOJČIĆ and Marija KRSTIĆ

Institute for Nuclear Sciences "Boris Kidrič", 11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Radojcic M. and M. Krstic (1989): Steroid receptors: triggering elements of the transcription machinery. - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 2, 97-110.

Steroid hormones are a class of signalling molecules that regulate the expression of responsive genes through interaction with the intracellular high affinity receptor protein. Although the precise molecular mechanisms of steroid hormone action are still not clarified in detail, the two-step model of action is generally accepted. In the first step, a steroid hormone binds to the specific receptor protein causing the exposure of its DNA- binding site. In the second step the activated receptor interact with specific acceptor sites on chromatin. The result of this interaction is change of expression of specific genes, representing the physiological response of the cell. Steroid receptor proteins have been purified to near homogeneity and their physical and chemical characteristics determined. Steroid receptor genes were cloned, sequenced and the extent of their homology was established. The existence of the common receptor structure (deduced from amino acid sequence) supported the view that there is large superfamily of genes whose products are ligand responsive transcriptional factors. Various models for the structure of transcription initiation complexes including steroid receptors have been proposed and they are currently under investigation.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.2 (1989), pp. 111-126

Serbia

UDC 575,17 + 635.15

Original scientific paper

INTERMATING F₂ POPULATIONS OF MAIZE

J. COVARRUBIAS-PRIETO, A.R. HALLAUER and K.R. LAMKEY

Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, U.S.A.

Abstract

Covarrubias-Prieto J., A.R. Hallauer and K.R. Lamkey (1989): Intermating F₂ populations of maize. - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 2, 111-126.

Maize (Zea mays L.) breeders emphasize selection within F₂ populations of elite line crosses. Selection usually is initiated in F₂ populations before intermating. Intermating F₂ populations to permit genetic recombination before selection would seem to be useful. The effects of five generations of intermating in a related (B73 X B84) and an unrelated (B73 X Mo17) line of F₂ populations were studied to determine changes in the means and of genetic variances caused by intermating. Materials evaluated included F₂ populations, their subsequent intermated populations, Si progenies derived directly from F₂ populations, and Si progenies derived after five generations of intermating F₂ populations. There were no consistent changes between the F₂ and their intermated generations for either cross. Significant differences were detected between the Si progeny means of the F₂ and S₁progeny means after five generations, but the differences were small in most instances. Estimates of genetic variability for the F₂ and after five generations of intermating indicated that intermating was not effective for increasing the genetic variability available in both crosses. The evidence suggested that intermating within F₂ populations was not effective for increasing the frequency of desirable recombinates.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.2 (1989), pp. 127-133

Serbia

Original scientific paper

GENETIC ARCHITECTURE OF YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.)

A.K. MANDAL and S.K. SADHU

Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan 731236, India

Abstract

Mandal A.K. and S.K. Sadhu (1989): Genetic architecture of yield and its components in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 2,127-133.

The present investigation was undertaken to gather some of the basic information needed to formulate an efficient breeding program in chickpea. Days to 50% flower, seed weight and seeds per pod were s under the predominant control of additive gene action. Non-additive gene action was found to be more important for harvest index. JG₁₂₆₅ i K₈₅₀, Phule G₁₂ and BDN_9-3 were good combining parents for seed weight, harvest index, early or late flowering. Suitable breeding methods to be employed in chickpea improvement have been critically discussed.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.2 (1989), pp. 135-139

Serbia

UDC 575.17 + 222.2

Original scientific paper

GENETIC VARIABILITY AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION IN CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.)

S.K. SADHU and A.K. MANDAL

Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan 731236, India.

Abstract

Sadhu S.K. and A.K. Mandal (1989): Genetic variability and character association in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 2, 135-139.

The present investigation was carried out to study genetic variability and character association in 48 lines of chickpea. A considerable range of variability was observed for plant height, pod number, seed number, seed weight and seed yield. A high estimates of heritability and expected genetic gain was noticed in seed weight. Primary and secondary branches had low heritabilities and genetic advance. Both phenotypic and genotypic correlations of seed yield were positive and high with primary and secondary branches, pod number and seed number. Seed weight was negatively correlated with seed number and seeds per pod. The significance of the results Si has been discussed.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.2 (1989), pp. 141-146

Serbia

Original scientific paper

THE GENETIC VARIATION OF LIFE HISTORY TRAITS AND SENESCENCE IN THE BEAN WEEVIL (ACANTHOSCELIDES OBTECTUS, SAY)

M. MILOŠEVIĆ, D. BEJAKOVIĆ and N. TUCIĆ

Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Beograd and

Institute for Biological Research, 11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Milosevic M., D. Bejaković and N. Tucić (1989): The genetic variation of life history traits and senescence in the bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus, Say). - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 2,141-146.

Experiments were performed to study the genetic variation of several fitness components in the bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus). The results indicate a low to moderate level of heritable variation for fecundity and longevity, whereas the additive genetic variance of preadult developmental time was very great. Our data also show that heritability of fecundity increases with advancing age of females. The implications of these findings on the evolutionary theory of senescence are discussed.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.2 (1989), pp. 147-154

Serbia

UDC 575.224.232

Original scientific paper

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE MUTAGENIC EFFECTS OF PHENOL ON HUMAN
PERIPHERAL BLOOD CELLS

D. JOVIČIĆ, A. SOFRADŽIJA, M. NOVAKOVIĆ and Z. ALEČKOVIĆ

Institute of Biology and Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Tuzla University, 75000 Tuzla, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Jovičić D., A. Sofradžija, M. Novaković and Z. Alečković (1989): Genetic analysis of the mutagenic effects of phenol on human peripheral blood cells. - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 2, 147-154.

Our research included examination of possible mutagenic effects of different phenol concentrations on human peripheral blood cells. Having analyzed a number of samples we concluded that this substance caused reduction of mitotic activity and inhibited the mitotic process. The mitotic activity decrease index was 30% when we treated leukocyte cultures with 0.01% phenol and 70% with 0.80% phenol. Further analysis revealed that frequency of chomosomal aberration increased with increased concentration of the tested agent. Characteristic aberrations observed in the changed mitotic figures were: acentric fragments of different size, chromatid and isochromatid bicentrics and gaps, translocations, associations, bicentric and tricentric chromosomal structures and polyploids. It should be noted that with higher concentrations of the toxicant aberrations such as: acentric fragments, one and twofold lesions, chromatid and isochromatid breaks occurred.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.2 (1989), pp. 155-163

Serbia

UDC 575.116.12

Original scientific paper

THE SUPPRESSION OF CROSSING-OVER BETWEEN HETEROZYGOUS INVERSIONS OF DROSOPHILA ANANASSAE

B.N. SINGH and A.K. SINGH

Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banares Hindu University, Varanasi - 221005, India

Abstract

Singh B.N. and A.K. Singh (1989): The suppression of crossing-over between heterozygous inversions of Drosophila ananassae. - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 2, 155-163.

Crossing-over was studied between two linked inversions namely delta and eta located in the opposite arms of the third chromosome of Drosophila ananassae by the salivary gland smear technique. These two inversions are separated from each other by 25 percent length of the third chromosome. In total two stocks homozygous for delta and eta inversions and six stocks homozygous for the standard gene sequence in the third chromosome were employed in recombination experiments. Since the stocks differed in geographic origin and 2L karyotype, the crossover rate was measured under different background genotype and background karyotype. The results show that the rate of recombination between delta and eta inversions when heterozygous varies from 0 to 0.18 percent in ct sc rb stock and from 0 to 1.83 percent in BP- 137A stock. Furthermore, there is indication of interchromosomal effect as 2L inversion heterozygosity increases the level of crossing-over in the third chromosome. Thus the two heterozygous inversions strongly suppress crossing-over between them in spite of the long chromosome distance separating these two inversions and the rate of recombination is affected by background karyotype and strain (genie) factors.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.2 (1989), pp. 165-170

Serbia

UDC 575.234.7

Original scientific paper

THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF "PURE" AND TEHNICAL PHENOL ON ROOT CELLS OF ALLIUM CEPA

D. JOVIČIĆ, A. SOFRADŽIJA and M. NOVAKOVIĆ

Institute of Biology and Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Tuzla University, 75000 Tuzla, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Jovičić D., A Sofradžija and M. Novaković (1989): The effects of different concentrations of "pure" and technical phenol on root cells of Allium cepa. - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 2, 165-170.

The possible mutagenic effects of different phenol concentrations (0.02, 0.05, 0,10%) on anion root cells was studied. It was observed that phenol had a specific mutagenic effect on mitosin in anion root cells, manifested in decreased mitotic activity and changed mitotic figures. In addition, abnormal prophases, prometaphases, anaphases and telophases occurred.

Higher concentrations of the toxicant caused more drastic changes. When tissues were treated with the highest phenol concentration (0.10) binucleate cells occurred. It was very difficult to decide, only from our results, whether the examined substance produced specific aberrant effects in the sense of chromosomal aberrations. In any case, the effects were complex and did not concern only changes in the genetic material but also changes in other cell components.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 21, No.2 (1989), pp. 171-178

Serbia

UDC 575.17

Original scientific paper

POPULATION-GENETIC ANALYSES OF BALKAN ENDEMIC NEPHROPATHY

R. ČUKURANOVIĆ¹ ,D. MARINKOVIĆ², S. STRAHINJIĆ¹ and V. STEFANOVIĆ¹

¹ Institute of Nephrology and Hemodialysis, Faculty of Medicine, 18000 Niš, Yugoslavia

² Faculty of Science, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Čukuranović R., D. Marinković, S. Strahinjić and V. Stefanović (1989): Population-genetic analyses of Balkan endemic nephropathy. - Genetika, Vol. 21, No. 2,171-178.

Starting from a hypothesis that the development of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) could be based on the genetic disposition of some persons, we compared the population-genetic structures of patients affected by BEN and healthy (control) persons. We analysed the frequency of 20 randomly selected morphophysiological properties, controlled by one or a few genes with alternative dominant or recessive mode of expression. The assumption is that differences in the studied morphophysiologic properties found between these two samples could be explained in at least three ways: (1) genes affecting the outbreak of BEN or the resistance to the agents causing BEN could at the same time act pleiotropically on a series of other characteristics and through them correlatively manifest their influence; (2) BEN patients could be descendants of immigrants with different population-genetic structures, which could also be manifested by differences in the frequency of such characteristics like qualitative morphophysiologic properties; (3) genetic loads, caused by increased recessive homozygosity in a series of characteristics in BEN patients may be the cause of diminished resistance to external factors that provoke this disease.

Statistically significant differences were found in the frequency of 5 out of 20 morphophysio logical properties analysed. Bearing in mind that these properties were randomly selected, and that they were relatively simply genetically controlled, we could assume that the genetic structure in these two groups differs approximately in 25% allelogenes.

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