GENETIKA, Vol

GENETIKA, Vol. 26, No.2 (1994)

M. DIMITRIJEVIĆ, Sofija PETROVIĆ and Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ

ANALYSIS OF GENE EFFEET IN THE INHERITANCE OF NUMBER OF KERNELS PER SPIKE IN WHEAT [Abstract]

Sofija PETROVIĆ, Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ and M. DIMITRIJEVIĆ

THE INHERITANCE AND PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY OF THE NUMBER OF KERNELS PER SPIKE IN WHEAT [Abstract]

Đ. JOCKOVIĆ, Milica HRUSTIĆ, M. STOJAKOVIĆ, R. POPOV and Božana PURAR

RECURRENT SELECTION OF SOYBEAN. RELATIONSHIPS AND HERITABILITY OF SEED PROTEIN CONTENT AND SEED YIELD COMPONENTS IN THE PRO POPULATION [Abstract]

B. KOVAČEVIĆ, Snežana MEZEI and Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ

CALLUSOGENESIS IN SUGAR BEET (Beta vulgaris L.) [Abstract]

S.P. SINGH, SUDHIR SHUKLA and K.R. KHANNA

GENETICS OF SEED OIL AND ITS INHERITANCE IN THE OPIUM POPPY (PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM L.) [Abstract]

G. DRINIĆ, L. KOJIĆ, M. IVANOVIĆ, Jelena VANČETOVIĆ and Raushan Samsahanovna SHOTUNOVA

GENETIC GAIN FROM SELECTION BASED ON HS PROGENIES IN TWO SYNTHETIC POPULATIONS OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) [Abstract]

Zorica PAJIĆ, M. BABIĆ and Milica RADOSAVLJEVIĆ

EFFECTS OF SUCROSE CONTENT ON GRAIN QUALITY OF SWEET CORN (Zea mays L. saccharata) [Abstract]

Jasmina ZDRAVKOVIĆ, Z. MARKOVIĆ, M. DAMJANOVIĆ and M. ZDRAVKOVIĆ

INHERITANCE OF PERICARP THICKNESS OF TOMATO FRUITS (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL.) [Abstract]

R. MARINKOVIĆ, D. ŠKORIĆ, J. CRNOBARAC and N. DUŠANIĆ

CORRELATIONS AND PATH-COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS IN CASTRO BEAN (Ricinus communis L.) [Abstract]

N. ČAČIĆ, L. KOVAČEV and Snežana MEZEI

COMBINING ABILITY FOR LEAF AREA INDEX OF SUGAR BEET (Beta vulgaris L.) [Abstract]

R. DJORDJEVIĆ, Z. MARKOVIĆ, V. PESIĆ i I. DJINOVIĆ

THE INFLUENCE OF „af af“ GENES ON PEA (Pisum sativum L.) POD FORMATION [Abstract]

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 26, No.2 (1994), pp. 73-78

Serbia

UDC 575.1.633.11

Original scientific paper

ANALYSIS OF GENE EFFEET IN THE INHERITANCE OF NUMBER OF KERNELS PER SPIKE IN WHEAT

M. DIMITRIJEVIĆ, Sofija PETROVIĆ and Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ

Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Field and Vegetable

Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Dimitrijević M., S. Petrović, and M. Kraljević-Balalić (1994): Analysis of gene effect in the inheritance of number of kernels per spike in wheat. - Genetika, Vol. 26, No. 2, 73-78.

Regression analysis of covariance (Wr) and variance (Vr) in diallel crosses was conducted to determine gene effects on the number of kernels per spike of five wheat genotypes: NS rana 2, Bankut 1205, NS 732, Atlas 66 and Siete Cerros 66. Analysis of parents and F₁ progenies showed no non-allelic interactions so the model was adequate. Graphical analysis of the Vr/Wr regression indicated that the number of kernels per spike was conditioned mainly by dominance gene effects, as well as unequal arrangements of dominant and recessive genes between the five parental wheat genotypes. On the basis of the study it was concluded that, in general, alleles increasing the number of kernels per spike are dominant and that recessive genes for this trait have the opposite effect.

Key words: wheat, inheritance, gene, spike

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 26, No.2 (1994), pp. 79-82

Serbia

UDC 575.21.633.11

Original scientific paper

THE INHERITANCE AND PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY OF THE NUMBER OF KERNELS PER SPIKE IN WHEAT

Sofija PETROVIĆ, Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ and M. DIMITRIJEVIĆ

Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Petrović S., M. Kraljević - Balalić, and M. Dimitrijević (1994): The inheritance and phenotypic variability of the number of kernels per spike in wheat. - Genetika, Vol. 26, No. 2, 79-82.

Five divergent wheat varieties (NS Rana 2, Bankut 1205, NS 732, Atlas 66 and Siete Cerros 66) were diallely crossed in order to examine the mode of inheritance and the components of phenotypic variability for the number of kernels per spike. Dominance was observed in F₁ progenies in most of the crosses, and some of them showed overdominance. Analysis of phenotypic variability components revealed that dominant genes prevailed over recessive, and that the main part of genetic variation belonged to the dominant gene effect, as well. Positive and negative alleles at dominant loci were not in equal proportions in parents. The value of the mean dominance degree indicated overdominance as an average in all the crosses.

Key words: wheat, variability, inheritance, spike, kernel

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 26, No.2 (1994), pp. 83-89

Serbia

UDC 575.1.635.655

Original scientific paper

RECURRENT SELECTION OF SOYBEAN. RELATIONSHIPS AND HERITABILITY OF SEED PROTEIN CONTENT AND SEED YIELD COMPONENTS IN THE PRO POPULATION

Đ. JOCKOVIĆ, Milica HRUSTIĆ, M. STOJAKOVIĆ, R. POPOV and Božana PURAR

Institute of field and vegetable crops, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Jocković D., M. Hrustić, M. Stojaković, R. Popov and B. Purar (1994): Recurrent selection of soybean. Relationships and heritability of seed protein content and seed yield components in the PRO population. - Genetika, Vol. 26, No. 2, 83-89.

Three cycles of recurrent selection for a high percent of seed protein in soybean were evaluated using genetic male sterility (ms²) to facilite intermating. The modified method of recurrent selection was used as recommended by Burton and Brim (1981). The main purpose was to determine the relationships between the seed protein content and non-selected traits within the PRO population in different cycles of recurrent selection. The other purpose was to determine the level of variability and heritability of the investigated traits after three cyeles of recurrent selection. Seed protein percent was negatively associated with seed oil percent across the cycles. Seed yield per plant was more closely associated with number of pods per plant than with plant height, number of seeds per pod and seed size. The highest value of heritability was for maturity and the smallest for seed yield. After three cycles of recurrent selection, genetic variability was maintained in the PRO population for maturity, seed yield, percent seed protein and oil.

Key words: recurrent, selection, heritability, soybean, protein

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 26, No.2 (1994), pp. 91-95

Serbia

UDC 575.113.633.413

Original scientific paper

CALLUSOGENESIS IN SUGAR BEET (Beta vulgaris L.)

B. KOVAČEVIĆ, Snežana MEZEI and Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ

Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Field and Vegetable Cops, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Kovačević, B., S. Mezei, and M. Kraljević-Balalić (1994): Callusogenesis in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L). - Genetika. Vol. 26, No. 2, 91-95.

The objective of the investigation was to test the influence of different media, genotypes and origin of explains on the initiation and growth of callus of sugar beet.

A significant influence on initiation of callus was found for medium content. Medium content was also responsible for differences in appearance of celli. There was no significant difference in the growth of calli during the first and the second four weeks, or between calli of cotyledon and calli of hypocotyl of population 112A. However, for the same population calli growth was significantly affected by media content.

Key words: sugar, beet, tissue, culture

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 26, No.2 (1994), pp. 97-102

Serbia

UDC 575.2.633.888.31

Original scientific paper

GENETICS OF SEED OIL AND ITS INHERITANCE IN THE OPIUM POPPY (PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM L.)

S.P. SINGH, SUDHIR SHUKLA and K.R. KHANNA

Department of Plant Breeding National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, U.P., India

Abstract

Singh, S.P., Sudhir Shukla and K.R. Khanna (1994): Genetics of seed oil and its inheritance in the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.). - Genetika, Vol. 26, No. 2, 97-102.

Genetic studies for seed yield and oil content in F₁ and F₂ generations were carried out through 6 parent half diallels to estimate the different gene systems involved in the inheritance of both the traits in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.). Diallel assumptions were fulfilled for both the traits component analysis and the Wr-Vr graph revealed non-additive gene actions. Two gene groups were noticed for both the characters. A breeding plant to develop genotypes with high seed yield and oil content was discussed.

Key words: seed, oil, genetics, opium poppy

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 26, No.2 (1994), pp. 103-109

Serbia

UDC 575.2.633.15

Original scientific paper

GENETIC GAIN FROM SELECTION BASED ON HS PROGENIES IN TWO SYNTHETIC POPULATIONS OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.)

G. DRINIĆ¹, L. KOJIĆ¹, M. IVANOVIĆ¹, Jelena VANČETOVIĆ¹ and Raushan Samsahanovna SHOTUNOVA²

¹Maize Research Institute “Zemun Polje”, 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Yugoslavia and

²Kazahstanskij NII zemledelija im. V.R. Viljamsa, n. Almalybak Kazahstan

Abstract

Drinić G., L. Kojić, M. Ivanović, J. Vančetović and R.S. Shotunova (1994): Genetic gain from selection based on HS progenies in two synthetic populations of maize (Zea mays L.). - Genetika, Vol. 26, No. 2, 103-109.

Four top-cross combinations of maize were tested by recurrent selection. The genetic gain from selection was calculated from parameters obtained by analysis of variance according to the Nested design - Random model. The highest genetic gain for grain yield (t ha^-1 was found for the combination ZPEP x L82 (5.31% per cycle, for a selection intensity of 20%, or 7.80% per cycle for a selection intensity of 5%), while the lowest value was obtained in the combination BS12C₈C₁ x L82 (4.47% per cycle for a selection intensity of 20%), or 6.59% per cycle for a selection intensity of 5%).

The results obtained suggest that, for further application of half-sib recurrent selection in synthetic populations of ZPEP and BS12C₈C₁, the inbreds L82 and L15 should be used as testers, respectively, because higher values of genetic gain were achieved in these combinations than in the applied method of selection. The calculated values point to a real possibility of progress by application of half-sib recurrent selection in the studied populations of maize with the use of appropriate testers.

Key words: maize, genetics, selection, population

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 26, No.2 (1994), pp. 111-114

Serbia

UDC 547.45.633.15.2

Original scientific paper

EFFECTS OF SUCROSE CONTENT ON GRAIN QUALITY OF SWEET CORN (Zea mays L. saccharata)

Zorica PAJIĆ, M. BABIĆ and Milica RADOSAVLJEVIĆ

Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", Belgrade-Zemun, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Pajić Z., M. Babić and M. Radosavljević (1994): Effects of sucrose content on grain quality of sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata) - Genetika, Vol. 26, No. 2, 111-114.

Sweet corn is used as human food in the soft dough stage, when the grain is succulent and soft. The grain of standard sweet corn with the sugary (su) gene accumulates two to three times more sugar than field corn. Sucrose, which gives-sweetness to grain, is the dominant sugar in grain of sweet corn in the soft dought stage. The grain quality in sweet corn hybrids is affected by color, fragrance, appearance, grain consistency and particularly by flavor. Analysis of the sucrose content in grain of sweet corn hybrids in the soft dough stage of endosperm development and organoleptic evaluation of several properties (color, fragrance, flavor, appearance, grain consistency) showed that hybrids with higher sucrose content (ZPSC 504su - 91.12%, ZPSC 451su -90.8%) had a high qualitative valuation. Hybrids with lower sucrose content (ZPSC 301su - 78.39%, ZPSC502su -81.12%) where estimated to have a lower grain quality.

Key words: sucrose, grain quality, corn

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 26, No.2 (1994), pp. 115-120

Serbia

UDC 575.1.635.64

Original scientific paper

INHERITANCE OF PERICARP THICKNESS OF TOMATO FRUITS (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL.)

Jasmina ZDRAVKOVIĆ, Z. MARKOVIĆ, M. DAMJANOVIĆ and M. ZDRAVKOVIĆ

Agricultural Research Institute ,,SRBIJA", Vegetable Research Center

11420 Smederevska Palanka, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Zdravkovic J., Z. Markovic, N. Damjanovic, and M. Zdravkovic (1994): Inheritance of pericarp thickness of tomato fruits (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) - Genetika, Vol. 26, No. 2, 115-120.

Diallel analysis of six different genotypes was used for examination of the inheritance of pericarp thickness in the tomato. In the F₁ generation, thickness of the pericarp was inherited dominantly (with the phenomenon of superdominance) while in the F₂ generation this characteristic was inherited dominantly and intermediately. Concerning combining abilities of the parents, genes with both additive and non-additive effects took part in the inheritance of pericarp thickness as indicated by the results for the F₁ and F₂ generations.

Key words: tomato, pericarp, inheritance, thickness

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 26, No.2 (1994), pp. 121-127

Serbia

UDC 575.2.635.85

Original scientific paper

CORRELATIONS AND PATH-COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS IN CASTRO BEAN (Ricinus communis L.)

R. MARINKOVIĆ, D. ŠKORIĆ, J. CRNOBARAC and N. DUŠANIĆ

Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Marinković R., D. Škorić, J. Crnobarac and N. Dušanić (1994): Correlations and path-coefficinet analysis in castro bean (Ricinus communis L.). -Genetika, Vol. 26, No. 2, 121-127.

This investigation was designed to study the inter-relationship of some characters of plant and seed (plain height, raceme height, number of leaves per plant, number of seeds per plant, 1,000-seed weight, kernel content in seed) and their correlations with seed yield per plant. A highly significant positive correlation was found only between seed yield per plant and 1,000-seed mass. All other characters were in negative correlation and plant height and number of leaves per plant in significant negative correlation with seed yield. The path-coefficient analysis revealed that the highest direct positive effect on seed yield per plant was exhibited by plant height. The number of seeds per plant also exhibited a positive, but not high, direct effect on seed yield. All the other studied characters exhibited negative direct effects on seed yield.

Key words: path, coefficient, castro bean

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 26, No.2 (1994), pp. 129-134

Serbia

UDC 575.113.633.413

Original scientific paper

COMBINING ABILITY FOR LEAF AREA INDEX OF SUGAR BEET (Beta vulgaris L.)

N. ČAČIĆ, L. KOVAČEV and Snežana MEZEI

Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture,

21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Čačić N., L. Kovačev and S. Mezei (1994): Combining ability for leaf area index of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). - Genetika, Vol. 26, No. 2, 129-134.

The objective of the investigation was to study the effect of genes and combining abilities of six sugar beet genotypes on the leaf area index (LAI). Diallel crossing of six different genotypes of sugar beet was performed. Parents and F₁ without reciprocal crosses were included in the study. The highly significant values of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) obtained in the study, indicate that additive and non-additive gene action (dominance and epistasis) contribute to the inheritance of this trait. The relationship GCA/SCA showed that additive gene action had a higher effect on the total genetic variability of the LAI. Two genotypes (A-0900 and B-200) had negative GCA values for LAI while the other four genotypes (CS-950, C-300, MS-504 and F-489) had positive GCA values for this trait. Only the cross A-0900 x C-300 had significantly positive SCA values while the other seven crosses had positive SCA values for LAI. The results of the study showed that the best specific combining abilities were found in the crosses in which one of the parents had negative and the other positive GCA values for LAI.

Key words: combining, leaf, area, sugar beet

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 26, No.2 (1994), pp. 135-140

Serbia

UDC 575.1.635.65

Original scientific paper

THE INFLUENCE OF „af af“ GENES ON PEA (Pisum sativum L.) POD FORMATION

R. DJORDJEVIĆ¹, Z. MARKOVIĆ¹, V. PESIĆ² i I. DJINOVIĆ³

¹Institute for Agricultural Research Center for field crops, 11420 Smederevska Palanka

²Faculty of agriculture, 11080 Beograd-Zemun

³College for Agriculture, 18400 Prokuplje, Jugoslavija

Abstract

Djordjević R., Ž.Marković, V.Pešić and I. Djinović (1994): The influence of „af af“ genes on pea (Pisum sativum L.) pod formation.- Genetika, Vol.26, no.2, 135-140.

At the recessive homozygosity level the „af“ gene in pea modifies plants which form tendrils instead of leaves. The afila bearing Filigreen variety was crossed with 12 varieties of normal leaf structure with the objective of evaluating the effect of afila genotipy on pod formation. Genetic analysis of the F₁ and F₂ generation (3:1 ratio of normal leaves:afila respectively) confirmed the recessive monogenetic character of the property. The number of pods per plant in the F₁ generation (normal leaf structure) was greater compared with both parent types. a smaller number of pods per plant (13%) was reported for afila homozygous genotypes in the F₂ compared with the F₁ generation. However, compared with the normal leaved parents, the decrease was 1%; while a 30% greater pea pod formation than in the afila parents was recorded. The decrease of the number of pods per plant in the F₂generation of afila genotypes was probably related to the samller photosynthetic assimilation surface.

Key words: afila gene, pod, pea

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