GENETIKA, Vol

GENETIKA, Vol. 27, No.2 (1995)

Dragana IGNJATOVIĆ, Bojana TADIĆ and Dragica IVANOVIĆ

GENETIC STRUCTURE OF MDMV RESISTANT AND SUSCEPTIBLE INBRED LINES OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) [Abstract]

Ivan HUSIĆ, Lazar KOJIĆ, Mile IVANOVIĆ and Obrad STOJNIĆ

GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC CORRELATIONS BETWEEN GRAIN YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS FOR S1 AND HS PROGENIES IN TWO EARLY MATURITY SYNTHETIC POPULATIONS OF MAIZE [Abstract]

Veselinka ZEČEVIĆ, Milanko PAVLOVIĆ, Desimir KNEŽEVIĆ and Borislav VULIĆ

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTIVE TILLERING IN WHEAT [Abstract]

Borislav KOBILJSKI and Srbislav DENČIĆ

COLEOPTILE LENGTH, STEM HEIGHT AND HARVEST INDEX IN WHEAT GENOTYPES WITH DIFFERENT Rht GENES [Abstract]

Jovan PANAJOTOVIĆ and Jelica GVOZDANOVIĆ-VARGA

THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF MALE STERILITY IN CREATING F1 HYBRIDS OF ONION (Allium cepa L.) [Abstract]

Vojislav NOVOSEL and Ivana KARANOVIĆ

POPULATION-GENETIC ANALYSIS OF RECESSIVE PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERISTICS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PUPILS FROM BIJELO POLJE AND ANDRIJEVICA [Abstract]

Aleksandar TUCOVIĆ and Vasilije ISAJEV

EVOLUTIONARY POTENTIAL OF POLYPLOID COMPLEXES IN THE PROCESS OF TREE AND SHRUB BREEDING [Abstract]

Jovan PANAJOTOVIC and Jelica GVOZDANOVIĆ-VARGA

INVESTIGATION OF COMBINING ABILITY OF INURED LINES AND EXPRESSION OF HETEROSIS FOR THE AVERAGE SIZE OF ONION BULBS [Abstract]

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.2 (1995), pp. 85-91

Serbia

UDC 575.1:633.15

Original scientific paper

GENETIC STRUCTURE OF MDMV RESISTANT AND SUSCEPTIBLE INBRED LINES OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)

Dragana IGNJATOVIĆ, Bojana TADIĆ and Dragica IVANOVIĆ

Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", 11080 Beograd-Zemun, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Ignjatović D., B. Tadić, and D. Ivanović (1995): Genetic structure of MDMV resistant and susceptible inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.). - Genetika, Vol. 27, No. 2, 85 - 91.

In order to understand the genetic basis of maize resistance to maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) it is necessary to determine the genetic structure of inbred lines. In our study isozyme molecular markers were used for labelling the genomes of four resistant R -A632, B84, 38-11, Pa405 and two susceptible (S) -Mol7, Oh43 maize inbred lines. Coleoptile samples, obtained five days after germinating at 25°C in the dark, were analysed. The biochemical method of horizontal electrophoresis on starch gel, followed by suitable histochemical dying, was used in the analysis of fifteen enzyme systems, covering eight chromosomes. No regularity could be established in the presence of various allelic forms within R and S inbred lines. Most of the loci have the same allele present within all analysed lines. However, some of the loci are polymorphic. Isozyme markers of chromosome 6, Pgdl, Hex2, Idh2 and Mdh2, are polymorphic and as such can be used as informative (segregating) marker-genes in F2 or BC generations.

Key words: maize, genetic structure, maize dwarf mosaic virus, marker, resistance.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.2 (1995), pp. 93-101

Serbia

UDC 575.1:633.15

Original scientific paper

GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC CORRELATIONS BETWEEN GRAIN YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS FOR S₁ AND HS PROGENIES IN TWO EARLY MATURITY SYNTHETIC POPULATIONS OF MAIZE

Ivan HUSIĆ, Lazar KOJIĆ, Mile IVANOVIĆ and Obrad STOJNIĆ

Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Husić I., L. Kojić, M. Ivanović, and O. Stojnić (1995): Genetic and phenotypic correlations between grain yield and yield components for S₁ and HS progenies in two early maturity synthetic populations of maize. - Genetika. Vol. 27, No. 2, 93 - 101.

Based on analysis of variance, using a Nested design - Random model, and appropriate analysis of covariance, genetic and phenotypic correlations for grain yield and yield components as well as genetic correlation among the same traits for Si and US progenies were determined in two early maturity synthetic populations of maize.

The results obtained indicate positive medium strong genetic and phenotypic correlations of grain yield with (he majority of yield components observed in both S1 and MS progenies of both populations. As closer genetic correlations occurred for Syn 101/9 than for Syn 99/9 among the same traits in both Si and 1 IS progenies. Syn 101/9 appeared lo be more appropriate to be included in the maize breeding programme.

Key words: make populations, yield components, genetic correlation, phenotypic correlation.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.2 (1995), pp. 103-110

Serbia

UDC 631.523.11:633.11

Original scientific paper

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTIVE TILLERING IN WHEAT

Veselinka ZEČEVIĆ, Milanko PAVLOVIĆ, Desimir KNEŽEVIĆ and Borislav VULIĆ

Agriculture Research Institute ,,SERBIA", Center for Small grains Kragujevac, 34000, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Zečević V., M. Pavlović, D. Knežević, and B. Vulić (1995): Genetic analysis of productive tillering in wheat. - Genetika. Vol. 27, No. 2, 103 -110.

The inheritance, gene effect and combining ability for productive tillering in 4 divergent cultivars (Srbijanka, Partizanka, KG 56 and PKB 111) were studied in diallel crosses (without reciprocals). Plants of the F₂ generation were analyzed. The results obtained showed that inheritance of productive tillering was different (partial dominance, dominance and over-dominance). Analysis of the genetic components of variance showed that dominance played a more important role in the inheritance of productive tillering than additive variance. The frequency of dominant alleles was higher than that of recessive ones. The degree of dominance was higher than one, which indicated over-dominance for all crossing combinations. Regression analysis indicated a dominant mode of inheritance (over-dominance). Parent cultivars showed the presence of genetic diversity in the arrangement of dominant and recessive genes for productive tillering. Analysis of variance for combining ability showed that non additive gene effects had a higher impact in the inheritance of productive tillering. Also the GCA/SCA ratio was lower than one indicating a preponderance of non additive gene action. The best general combiner was Partizanka cultivar, but the highest value of specific combining ability occurred in the Srbijanka x PKB 111 combination.

Key words: tillering, gene effects, combining abilities, regression, cultivar, wheat

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.2 (1995), pp. 111-116

Serbia

UDC 576.3:633.11

Original scientific paper

COLEOPTILE LENGTH, STEM HEIGHT AND HARVEST INDEX IN WHEAT GENOTYPES WITH DIFFERENT Rht GENES

Borislav KOBILJSKI and Srbislav DENČIĆ

Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Kobiljski B., and S. Denčić (1995): Coleoptile length, stem height and harvest index in wheat genotypes with different Rht genes. - Genetika, Vol. 27, No. 2, 111 - 116.

The influence of different Rht genes (Rht 0, Rht 1, Rht 2, Rht 1+2, Rht 3 and Rht 8) on coleoptile length, stem height and harvest index (HI) was determined in this study. This paper also deals with relations between these three analysed traits. In this experiment, genotypes without Rht genes (Rht 0) had the longest coleoptile and the highest stem. On the contrary, the shortest coleoptile and dwarf stems were measured in the presence of the Rht 3 gene. The same relations between different groups of cultivars (Rht genes) were found in coleoptile length and in stem height. The ratio coleoptile length/stem height was 4.84 – 5.89% for all cultivars with different Rht genes. According to this interval, it can be concluded that final stem height could be well predicted from coleoptile length for each of the Rht genes analysed. Variation of harvest index (HI) was from 17.5% (Rht 3) to 40% (Rht 1 +2). The strong negative effect on harvest index (HI) emerging in the presence of Rht 1 and Rht 2 genes, indicates that in our agroecological conditions they are very sensitive to drought and high temperatures during the grain filling period.

Key words: Rht genes, coleoptile length, stem height, harvest index

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.2 (1995), pp. 117-123

Serbia

UDC 575.4:635.25

Original scientific paper

THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF MALE STERILITY IN CREATING F₁ HYBRIDS OF ONION (ALLIUM CEPA L.)

Jovan PANAJOTOVIĆ¹ and Jelica GVOZDANOVIĆ-VARGA²

¹ D.P. "AGRORAZVOJ" Niš, 18000 Niš

²Institute for Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, 2 1000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Panajotović J., and J. Gvozdanović-Varga (1995): The role and importance of male sterility in creating F₁ hybrids of onion (Allium cepa L). - Genetika, Vol. 27, No. 2, 117- 123.

Onion hybrids have great advantages compared to onion varieties when grown by direct sowing. Small bulbs onion sets are not generally used in the production of onions, because of the relatively large quantities of seed required per unit area which is unprofitable. Male sterility is of great importance in creating onion hybrids, because of the complex structure of the florets and flower-heads blossom of the onion (600-800 florets in the flower-head and 5-18 flower-head-sper plant). Also, the onion is a biennial or triennial culture and hetero-fertilized (xenogam). It is pollinated entomophilically, so any other way of creating hybrids is useless for practice purposes. Transforming desirable varieties, that is, lines with good combining abilities and normal fertility, into cytoplasmatic male sterile lines (CMS), which are the main sources for onion hybrid production, is of great importance.

Key words: sterile lines, inbred lines, onion, combining abilities

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.2 (1995), pp. 125-130

Serbia

UDC 575.1

Original scientific paper

POPULATION-GENETIC ANALYSIS OF RECESSIVE PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERISTICS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PUPILS FROM BIJELO POLJE AND ANDRIJEVICA

Vojislav NOVOSEL and Ivana KARANOVIĆ

Medical Institute, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Novosel V. and I. Karanović (1995): Population-genetic analysis of recessive phenotypic characteristics in elementary school pupils from Bijelo Polje and Andrijevica. - Genetika, Vol. 27. No. 2, 125 - 130.

We have analysed 26 recessive phenotypic characteristics in a sample of 606 elementary school pupils from Bijelo Polje and Andrijevica and determined the frequency of the "q" gene- and recessive homozygosity. Using the X² test we detected a statistically significant difference between the expected and obtained recessive homozygosity for 22 characteristics. Student's t-test showed that there was no difference between the mean values of the two samples.

The results of our research on recessive phenotypic variations showed that the values in our samples are with in the range of variation of other Yugoslav populations examined.

Key words: population-genetic analysis, biochemical and physiological variations, school pupils, phenotypic characteristics

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.2 (1995), pp. 131-139

Serbia

UDC 575.2

Original scientific paper

EVOLUTIONARY POTENTIAL OF POLYPLOID COMPLEXES IN THE PROCESS OF TREE AND SHRUB BREEDING

Aleksandar TUCOVIĆ and Vasilije ISAJEV

Faculty of Forestry, Univ. of Belgrade, 11030 Belgrade, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Tucović A., and V. Isajev (1995): Evolutionary potential of polyploid complexes in the proceeds of tree and shrub breeding. - Genetika, Vol. 27, No. 2. 131 - 139.

The range of tree and shrub chromosome numbers has been dealt with, as well as the levels of ploidy, the distribution of polyploidy, the evolutionary potential of polyploid complexes, the basic number of chromosomes and the process of diploidization of tree and shrub polyploids. Polyploidy has an important role in tree and shrub breeding, as illustrated by the example of roses.

Key words: polyploid complexes, evolutionary potential

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.2 (1995), pp. 141-150

Serbia

UDC 575.1:635.25

Original scientific paper

INVESTIGATION OF COMBINING ABILITY OF INURED LINES AND EXPRESSION OF HETEROSIS FOR THE AVERAGE SIZE OF ONION BULBS

Jovan PANAJOTOVIC and Jelica GVOZDANOVIĆ-VARGA

D.P. ,,AGRORAZVOJ, 18000 Niš

Faculty of Agriculture Novi Sad, Institute tor Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Panajotović J. and J Gvozdanović-Varga (1995): Investigation of Combining Ability of Inbred Lines and Repression of Heterosis for the Average Size of Onion Bulbs. - Genetika, Vol. 27, No. 2, 141 - 150.

The aim of these studies was to examine the combining abilities and appearance of heterosis in onions. We used diallel crossing, including reciprocal combinations of 7 inbred lines (Jasenicki žuti, SP-1, Jasenički crveni, Pirotski pogačar, Melnik, Dracevski, Holandski žuti) to create 42 F₁hybrids, or hybrid combinations. We particularly stress hybrid combinations, because all lines were fertile and crossings were conducted by castration of stamens on mother lines and pollen was drifted from fathed lines, which is not a usual procedure in the practical of F₁hybrids, but is applied in scientific research.

According to the resuts obtained, these investigations showed which lines gave good combining abilities and the degree of expression of heterosis in F₁hybrids concerning the size of bulbs. According to these results, the inbred line Dracevski was the best combiner as the mother component, and J žuti as the father component. The hybrid combination Melnik x J. žuti expressed heterosis in relation to the better parent, expressed as a 38.8% greater average size of bulbs. Regarding the mode of inheritance as many as 32 of the 42 F₁ by expressed heterosis. Genotypes with desirable GCA values transmitted those values of F₁hybrids in most cases, especially if both parents had desirable GCA characteristics.

However, there were some deviations in some hybrid combinations. The influence of reciprocal effects on the size of bulbs was also expressed in most cases of hybrid combinations. The hybrid combination (J. žuti x Melnik) has H₂10.5% and even 38.8% for the reciprocal combination. Combining ability, heterosis and reciprocal effect investigations are of particular significance for forming CMS lines, i.e. for transforming lines with normal fertility (by the recurring-crossing method) into CMS lines, because, only lines which have good GCA values should be transformed into sterile ones. The GCA values are significant for father components, and the ultimate aim is to create F₁ commercial hybrids, which are formed only on the base of CMS lines.

Key words: Onion, Hybrid, Combining abilities, Inheritance, Heterosis.

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