GENETIKA, Vol

GENETIKA, Vol. 31, No.1 (1999)

Miloje R. SARIĆ, Mirjana STOJANOVIĆ, Milan BABIĆ, Dragana POTPARA, and Deana ILEŠ

THE REACTION OF PLANT SPECIES AND THEIR GENOTYPES TO URANIUM UPTAKE [Abstract]

Tatjana SRETENOVIĆ RAJIČIĆ, Mirjana IVANČEVIĆ, Jasmina ZDRAVKOVIĆ, Radiša ĐORĐEVIĆ, and Milan DAMJANOVIĆ

REACTIVITY OF CABBAGE (BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. CAPITATA) ON PARAQUAT IN VITRO [Abstract]

Miodrag DIMITRIJEVIĆ, Desimir KNEŽEVIĆ, and Sofija PETROVIĆ

GLIADIN ALLEL1C VARIATION AND DIVERSITY OF AGRONOMIC PROPERTIES IN WHEAT [Abstract]

Sofija PETROVIĆ, Miodrag DIMITRIJEVIĆ, Novica MLADENOV, and Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ

ECOLOGICAL STABILITY OF YIELD COMPONENTS IN WHEAT [Abstract]

Ankica KONDIĆ and Stanislav ŠEŠEK

ANDROGENOUS AND REGENERATION ABILITIES OF HOMOZYGOUS AND HETEROZYGOUS WHEAT GENOTYPES [Abstract]

Dane LUKIĆ and Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ

BREEDING ALFALFA GENOTYPES FOR INCREASED SEED YIELD [Abstract]

Pavle SKLENAR, Lazar KOVAČEV, Nikola ČAČIĆ, Snežana MEZEI, and Nevena NAGL

CORRELATIONS AND PATH-COEFFICIENTS ANALYSIS IN SUGAR BEETS ROOT TRAITS [Abstract]

Slobodan DRAŽIĆ and Slaven PRODANOVIĆ

PHENOTYPIC DIVERGENCE OF FLUE-CURED VIRGINIAN TOBACCO VARIETIES [Abstract]

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.1 (1999), pp. 1-27

Serbia

UDC 632.118.3

Original scientific paper

THE REACTION OF PLANT SPECIES AND THEIR GENOTYPES TO

URANIUM UPTAKE

Miloje R. SARIĆ¹, Mirjana STOJANOVIĆ², Milan BABIĆ², Dragana

POTPARA², and Deana ILEŠ²

¹ Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade

²Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials, Belgrade,

Yugoslavia

Abstract

Sarić, M.R, M. Stojanović, M. Babić. D. Potpara, and D. Ileš (1999): The reaction of the plant species and their genotvpes on uranium uptake. - Genetika. Vol. 31, No. 1, 1-27.

The greatest differences in uranium concentration in the aboveground part of plants grown on soil were registered in investigated genotypes of soybean, depending on the uranium content in substratum (1.427 ppm), then in maize (1.119 ppm) and, finally in sunflower (0.625 ppm). In plants grown on waste, the differences between uranium concentrations in roots of investigated plant species were as follows: 8.165 ppm in soybean, 8.145 ppm in maize and 2.172 ppm in sunflower. In conclusion, the sequence of plant species regarding uranium concentration, depending on its content in substratum, was the same in aboveground parts and in the roots. The obtained results definitely indicated that uranium adoption, or more precisely uranium concentration, was influenced by its content in specific environment where the plant was grown, specific plant species and particularly their genotypes. These differences were connected to genetic properties of investigated genotypes that should be considered in further investigation. An interesting phenomenon was found in sunflower behaviour, where larger differences between the genotypes were noticed in the plants grown on soil than in the plants grown on waste. The reason for this can be found in the fact that sunflower uptakes uranium more intensively in comparison to other two investigated species. This can be justified by the results given by ADLER (1996), which showed that sunflower was the best decontaminator of uranium from polluted environment among investigated plant species. This very interesting paper species the special plant species convenient for decontamination of specific elements and isotopes or heahy metals due to their specific biological properties, particularly some of the plant segments, as well as the properties of the investigated element.

Corresponding author: Miloje R. Sarić, Serbian academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihajlova 35, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.1 (1999), pp. 29-37

Serbia

UDC 633.42

Original scientific paper

REACTIVITY OF CABBAGE (BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. CAPITATA) ON PARAQUAT IN VITRO

Tatjana SRETENOVIĆ RAJIČIĆ, Mirjana IVANČEVIĆ, Jasmina

ZDRAVKOVIĆ, Radiša ĐORĐEVIĆ, and Milan DAMJANOVIĆ

Agricultural Research Institute "Serbia". Center for Vegetable Crops, 11420

Smederevska Palanka, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Sretenović Rajičić T., M. Ivančević, J. Zdravković, R. Đorđević. and M. Damjanović (1999): Reactivity of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) on paraquat in vitro. - Genetika, Vol. 3 1, No. 1, 29-37.

Shoot culture of few cabbage genotypes was used as a model system suitable to study effects of paraquat. Examined parameters were root number, root length, shoot length, fresh and dry mass. We conducted the analysis of variance for these parameters, estimated heritability in broad sense (/r), coefficient of phenotypic variation (C-Vf) and correlation and regression analysis. Heritability was high for all examined parameters, especially for fresh and dry mass. The most variable parameters were root number and root length. Root number, root length and shoot length, as well as fresh and dry mass were significantly correlated. The highest regression coefficients were those of dry on fresh mass at all examined genotypes. Through analysis of variance, coefficient of heritability, correlation and regression analyses we have tried to assume what is genetic component of the response of shoot culture of cabbage to paraquat as a mutagen agent.

Key words: paraquat, shoot culture, cabbage, heritability, correlation, regression

Corresponding author: Tatjana Sretenović Rajičić, Agricultural Research Institute "Serbia" Centre for Vegetable Crops. Karadjordjeva 71, 11420 Smederevska Palanka, Yugoslavia, tel.: 381-26-323170, fax: 381-26-323785, e-mail: clvcsp@eunet.yu

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.1 (1999), pp. 39-47

Serbia

UDC 633.11:547.962.7

Original scientific paper

GLIADIN ALLEL1C VARIATION AND DIVERSITY OF AGRONOMIC

PROPERTIES IN WHEAT

Miodrag DIMITRIJEVIĆ¹, Desimir KNEŽEVIĆ², and Sofija PETROVIĆ¹

¹ Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, 21000 Novi Sad,

² Agricultural Research Institute "Serbia", Small Grains Research Center,

Kragujevac, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Dimitrijević M., D. Knezević, and S. Petrović (1999): Gliadin allelic variation and diversity of agronomic properties in wheat. - Genetika. Vol. 31, No. 1, 39-47.

Sample of 84 wheat varieties was analyzed for the presence of gliadin alleles Gli B1b, Gli B1l, Gli D1b, and Gli D2b. Agronomic trait differences were compared by testing of the examined genotypes grouped according to the presence or absence of these gliadin alleles in genetic background.

Key words: wheat, gliadin, agronomic properties

Corresponding author: Miodrag Dimitrijević, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops. Faculty of Agriculture Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.1 (1999), pp. 49-57

Serbia

UDC 633.11:575.826

Original scientific paper

ECOLOGICAL STABILITY OF YIELD COMPONENTS IN WHEAT

Sofija PETROV1Ć¹, Miodrag DIMITR1JEVIĆ¹, Novica MLADENOV², and

Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ¹

¹ Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops. Faculty of Agriculture, 21000 Novi Sad

² Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Petrović S., M. Dimitrijević, N. Mladenov, and M. Kraljević-Balalić (1999): Ecological stability of the yield components in wheat. -Genetika, Vol. 3 1, No. 1., 49-57.

Stability of ten diverse wheat genotypes, number of grains per spike, as well as grain weight per spike were studied for four years. The highest mean value of grain number per spike was estimated for variety Martonvašarska 15 (χ = 58.1) in 1991/92 while the lowest mid-value was observed for Balkan (χ = 30.5) in 1994-95. Means for grain weight per spike varied between χ = 1.1 g, for variety Balkan in 1994/95 and χ = 2.8 g, for variety NSR-2 in 1991/92. According to the eberhart and russell (1966) model used in the study the most stable genotypes for grain number per spike were Libellula (b_i = 1.364; S_dj² = 1.688) and Lovrin 21 (b_i = 1.005; S_dj²= 1.656). The best stability for grain weight per spike was performed by genotypes NSR-2 (b, = 1.041; S_dj² = 0.289) and Jugoslavia (b, = 0.862; S_dj²= 0.155).

Key words: wheat, grain number per spike, grain weight per spike, stability

Corresponding author: Sofija Petrović, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.1 (1999), pp. 59-64

Serbia

UDC 588.143.5: 633.11

Original scientific paper

ANDROGENOUS AND REGENERATION ABILITIES OF

HOMOZYGOUS AND HETEROZYGOUS WHEAT GENOTYPES

Ankica KONDIĆ and Stanislav ŠEŠEK

Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad. Yugoslavia

Abstract

Kondić A. and S.Šešek (1999): Androgenous and regeneration abilities of homozygous and heterozygous wheat genotypes. - Genetika, Vol. 31, No. 1., 59-64.

Androgenous and regeneration abilities of 10 heterozygous (F₁ hybrids) and 13 homozygous (parents) winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes were analyzed in in vitro culture. Significant differences found among the genotypes with respect to the androgenous capacity, callus yield, frequencies of green and albino regenerants, indicated that these androgenetic components were genetically controlled. Androgenous capacity in the homozygotes ranged from 0.6% (NS-0-694) to 20.3% (Zitnica), while in the heterozygotes from 3.9% (NS-O-694/Košuta) to 34.7% (Szegedi-746/Zitnica). The average androgenous capacity of the F₁ hybrids (13.8%) has been significantly higher than that of their parents (8.2%). In the genotypes studied, callus yield ranged from 0.7% (Obrij) to 40% (Szegedi-746/Zitnica). On average, the heterozygotes had higher callus yields than the homozygotes. Three homozygous genotypes (Obrij, Szegedi-746 and NS-0-694) and one heterozygote (NS-O-694/Košuta) had no regenerated green plants. The average frequency of green regenerants of the F₁ hybrids (16.2%) was not significantly different from that of the parents (14.5%). The heterozygotes had significantly higher average frequencies of albino plants (30.8%) than the homozygotes (22.7%).

Key words: wheat, anther culture, homozygotes, heterozygotes

Corresponding author: Ankica Kondić, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.1 (1999), pp. 65-73

Serbia

UDC 633.31

Original scientific paper

BREEDING ALFALFA GENOTYPES FOR INCREASED SEED YIELD

Dane LUKIĆ' and Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ ²

'Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad

² Faculty of Agriculture, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Lukić D. and M. Kraljević-Balalić (1999): Breeding alfalfa genotypes for increased seed yield. — Genetika, Vol. 31, No. 1, 65-73.

Ten blue alfalfa genotypes and ten hybrid alfalfa genotypes were studied for quantitative traits. In 1995 and 1996, components of seed yield were analyzed. Genotype H-40 had the largest number of stems (26.5 stems with bolts). Blue alfalfa genotype S-8 was distinguished by the number of branches per plant (57.2 branches). Hybrid genotypes H-35 and H-34 had 60.1 and 59.1 branches per plant, respectively. Genotype S-9 and hybrid H-35 had the highest average stem height, 62.1 cm and 61.2 cm, respectively. Genotypes S-l, H-35 and H-34 had outstanding pollen fertility (86.2%, 86.4% and 85.8%, respectively). High pod set per plant was registered in genotypes S-9 (1315 pods), H-34 (1295 pods). H-33, H-35 etc. The largest number of fertilized inflorescences per plant was found in genotype S-6 (165.8). This genotype produced on average 3.1 seeds per pod and the largest number of seeds per plant, 4760, thus resulting in the highest yield of 140.5 kg/ha. High seed productivity was registered in H-36 (4,727 seeds per plant) and S-5 (4,644 seeds, i.e. 135.5 kg/ha). High productivity was also recorded in blue alfalfa genotypes S-3 and S-2 and hybrid genotypes H-35 and H-32.

Key words: alfalfa, inflorescence, pod, seed, productive stem and branch, seed yield

Corresponding author: Dane Lukić, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.1 (1999), pp. 75-81

Serbia

UDC 575.17: 633.413

Original scientific paper

CORRELATIONS AND PATH-COEFFICIENTS ANALYSIS IN SUGAR

BEETS ROOT TRAITS

Pavle SKLENAR, Lazar KOVAČEV, Nikola ČAČIĆ, Snežana MEZEI, and

Nevena NAGL

Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad. Yugoslavia

Abstract

Sklenar P., L. Kovačev, N. Čačić, S. Mezei, and N. Nagl (1999): Correlations and path-coefficients analysis in sugar beets root traits. -Genetika, Vol. 31, No. 1, 75-81.

The aim of sugar beet growing is maximising yield of crystal sugar per unit area. In the present paper core correlations and direct and indirect effects of root weight, root volume, sugar content and dry matter content on crystal sugar yield were investigated. Two sugar beet populations, A 8415 and 1102-5-8, were examined. Those populations are monogerm maintainers of nuclear-citoplasmatic male sterility (O-type) that differ significantly with respect to aforementioned traits. In the population A 8415 a highly significant core correlation was found between the studied traits and crystal sugar yield, while sugar content, dry matter content and dry matter yield had a very significant direct effect on crystal sugar yield. The coefficient of multiple determination had a value of r=0.99 and the residual effect was at R=0.04. In the population 1102-5-8 core correlations were very significant only between root weight, root volume, dry matter yield and crystal sugar yield. These traits also had a highly significant direct effect on crystal sugar yield. The coefficient of multiple determination had a value of r=0.90 and the residual effect was at R=0.31. This type of information could help sugar beet breeders to improve the efficiency of their breeding process.

Key words: correlation, path-coefficients, sugar beet

Corresponding author: Pavle Sklenar. Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia, e-mail: psklenar@ifvcns.ns.ac.yu

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.1 (1999), pp. 83-90

Serbia

UDC 575.21:633.71

Original scientific paper

PHENOTYPIC DIVERGENCE OF FLUE-CURED VIRGINIAN TOBACCO

VARIETIES

Slobodan DRAŽIĆ¹ and Slaven PRODANOVIĆ²

'Institute for Research of Medicinal Plants "Dr Josif Pančić", 11000 Belgrade

² Faculty of Agriculture, 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Dražić S. and S. Prodanović (1999): Phenolypic divergence of flue-cured Virginian tobacco varieties. - Genetika, Vol. 31, No. 1, 83-90.

The following six traits in 20 Virginian tobacco varieties (Nicotiana tabacum L.) were observed: duration of growing season, height, leaf number on stalk, length and width of mid-plant leaf. Significant differences of their values, i.e. great variability of traits among observed genotypes were determined. The degree of their divergence was estimated by hierarchical cluster analysis. Three clusters, i.e. three varietal groups of different phenotypic properties were observed on a dendrogram. Linking genotypes into the same groups was primarily in function of their yield, and therefore varietal similarity within groups on the basis of yielding component values was expressed. Information about forms of divergence of these genotypes is important in tobacco breeding and hybridisation planning.

Key words: flue-cured Virginian tobacco, divergence, germ-plasm, yield, yield components

Corresponding author: Slobodan Dražić, Institute for Research of Medicinal Plants "Dr Josif Pančić", 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia

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