GENETIKA, Vol. 31, No.3 (1999)
Živoslav MARKOVIĆ, Jasmina ZDRAVKOVIĆ, and Mirjana MIJATOVIĆ
NEW APPROACHES TO TOMATO BREEDING (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL.) [Abstract]
Nikola HRISTOV, Novica MLADENOV, and Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ
DIVERSITY AND VARIANCE COMPONENTS OF STEM TRAITS IN WINTER WHEAT [Abstract]
Novo PRŽULJ, Novica MLADENOV, and Miroslav BOGDANOVIĆ
INHERITANCE OF PRODUCTIVE TILLERING IN SPRING WHEAT [Abstract]
Nenad PAVLOVIĆ, Zoran SUŠIĆ, Jasmina ZDRAVKOVIĆ, Dušan STEVANOVIĆ, and Živoslav MARKOVIĆ
VARIABILITY AND HERITABILITY OF ONION BULBS DIAMETER [Abstract]
Olivera MILOŠEVIĆ-ĐORĐEVIĆ, Slobodan ARSENIJEVIĆ, and Aleksandar ŽIVANOVIĆ
VARIABILITY OF FREQUENCY OF SCEs, CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS, AND PRI IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES OF FEMALE PATIENTS WITH PRECANCEROUS LESIONS [Abstract]
Zoran SUŠIĆ, Jasmina ZDRAVKOVIĆ, Nenad PAVLOVIĆ, and Slaven PRODANOVIĆ
SELECTING FEATURES FOR ESTIMATING GENETIC DIVERGENCE OF TOMATO GENOTYPES (LYCOPERSICUM ESCULENTUM MILL.) [Abstract]
Milan ZDRAVKOVIĆ, Dragoljub ČOROKALO, Radiša ĐORĐEVIĆ, and Jasmina ZDRAVKOVIĆ
EFFECTS OF GENETIC PARAMETERS ON INHERITING THE NUMBER OF PODS PER PLANT IN BEANS (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) [Abstract]
Mladen VUJOŠEVIĆ and Jelena BLAGOJEVIĆ
DISTRIBUTION OF CONSTITUTIVE HETEROCHROMATIN AND NUCLEOLUS ORGANIZERS IN LIZARDS OF THE FAMILY LACERTIDAE (SAURIA) [Abstract]
Dubravka JOVIČIĆ, Snežana MILAČIĆ, and Vesna VERBIĆ
CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS IN PERSONS THAT WERE IN CONTACT WITH 60Co [Abstract]
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.3 (1999), pp. 181-196
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 631.52; 635.64
Review paper
NEW APPROACHES TO TOMATO BREEDING (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL.)
Živoslav MARKOVIĆ, Jasmina ZDRAVKOVIĆ, and Mirjana MIJATOVIĆ
Agricultural Research Institute “Serbia”, Belgrade, Center for Vegetable Crops, 11420 Smederevska Palanka, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Marković Ž., J. Zdravković, and M. Mijatović (1999): New approaches in tomato breeding (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). – Genetika, Vol. 31, No. 3, 181-196.
The first tomato varieties were selected in the 60’s in the XIX century. Today, there are over 2,000 varieties. At first, there were only varieties but since the 30’s of this century, F1 hybrids have taken the leading position (tomato flowers are ideal for crossing). Nowadays, the varieties are being used for late production and for food processing. As the genetic divergence of tomato has been narrowed (due to the strong genetic erosion – electrophoretic studies of alloenzyme show great similarity of “European” and primitive varieties). “Exotic” germplasm of wild and semi-wild tomato forms are being used in order to improve the quality traits and resistance to diseases. Teams performing tomato selection in the state and private centers in USA, Canada and France are doing this work. The others generally use the “elite” germplasm of the new selected and improved cultivars in order to accelerate and facilitate the breeding process, thanks to the fact that dominance genes control most of these traits, especially resistance to diseases. At the same time, it is intensively being worked on improving photosynthetic activity, resistance to drought and high temperatures, good germination at low temperatures, metabolic changes by changing the concentration of CO2 and oxygen. The application of biotechnology and genetic engineering offers great possibilities (autoclonal variations, protoplast fusion, gene isolation, cloning and anther culture, using genetic markers). These techniques represent the challenge to new generations of tomato breeders. The first results have been already achieved (tolerance to lucerne virus and tobacco mosaic virus by incorporating the viral gene from the oats protein, resistance of tomato to total herbicide Round-up as a result of introducing a mutant for EPSP synthesis, resistance to Lepidopthera, etc.).
Key words: tomato breeding, processing tomatoes, germplasm, wild relatives, new biotechnology techniques, transgenic mutant
Corresponding author: Živoslav Marković, Agricultural Research Institute “Serbia”, Belgrade, Center for Vegetable Crops, 11420 Smederevska Palanka, Yugoslavia
e-mail: cfvcsp@eunet.yu
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.3 (1999), pp. 197-206
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.21; 633.11
Original scientific paper
DIVERSITY AND VARIANCE COMPONENTS OF STEM TRAITS IN WINTER WHEAT
Nikola HRISTOV1, Novica MLADENOV1, and Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ2
1Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad
2Faculty of Agriculture, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Hristov N., N. Mladenov, and M. Kraljević-Balalić (1999): Diversity and variance components of stem traits in winter wheat. – Genetika, Vol. 31, No. 3, 197-206.
The diversity of quantitative traits (plant height, internode number, top internode length) in thirty winter wheat cultivars (12 domestic and 18 foreign) was investigated. In both years of the experiment (1996 and 1997), the traits were analyzed using the standard statistical methods. The results showed that the cultivars under study differed significantly. The highest variability (expressed as the coefficient of variation) was found in top internode length (CV=10.2%) and the lowest in plant height (CV=5.7%). The percentage contribution of genetic variance to total genetic divergence was as follows: plant height - 84.7%; top internode length - 83.9% and internode number - 66.2%. High heritability values were obtained for all the studied traits. The highest values were obtained for plant height (95.6%), followed by top internode length (92.4%) and internode number (90.0%). Correlation analysis showed positive correlations between all the investigated traits, among which is the correlation between plant height and top internode length was highly significant positive (r=0.931**).
Key words: wheat (Triticum aestivum), variance, quantitative traits, correlation
Corresponding author: Nikola Hristov, Institute for Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.3 (1999), pp. 207-217
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.21; 633.11
Original scientific paper
INHERITANCE OF PRODUCTIVE TILLERING IN SPRING WHEAT
Novo PRŽULJ1, Novica MLADENOV1, and Miroslav BOGDANOVIĆ2
1 Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia
2 Faculty of Agriculture, Srpsko Sarajevo, Republic of Srpska
Abstract
Pržulj N., N. Mladenov, and M. Bogdanović (1999): Inheritance of productive tillering in spring wheat. – Genetika, Vol. 31, No. 3, 207-217.
There is highly significant positive correlation between spike number per unit area and yield of wheat. An understanding of the inheritance of tillering in wheat is important for the creation of high yielding wheat cultivars. In this paper a genetic analysis of productive tillering was made in six spring wheat crosses by the application of additive-dominance and the six-parameter models. The adequacy of the additive-dominance model was determined by the ABC scaling tests and joint scaling test. This model was inadequate in all of the six crosses. The six-parameter model revealed that negative dominance effects provided a most important contribution to productive tillering. Dependences on the crosses additive x additive, additive x dominance and dominance x dominance interactions were also included in the genetic base of this trait. The narrow sense heritability in the F2's was very close and ranged from 0.33 to 0.37. Broad sense heritability varied more and ranged from 0.48 to 0.63.
Key words: wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ), productive tillering, inheritance, gene effects
Corresponding author: Novo Pržulj, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia, tel.: 381-21-4111888, fax: 381-21-621212,
e-mail: przulj@ifvcns.ns.ac.yu
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.3 (1999), pp. 219-224
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.21(.1); 635.25
Original scientific paper
VARIABILITY AND HERITABILITY OF ONION BULBS DIAMETER
Nenad PAVLOVIĆ, Zoran SUŠIĆ, Jasmina ZDRAVKOVIĆ, Dušan STEVANOVIĆ, and Živoslav MARKOVIĆ
Institute for Agricultural Research “Serbia”, Belgrade, Center for Vegetable Crops, 11420 Smederevska Palanka, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Pavlović N., Z. Sušić, J. Zdravković, D. Stevanović, and Ž. Marković (1999): Variability and heritability of onion bulbs diameter. – Genetika, Vol. 31, No. 3, 219-224.
In order to investigate the variability of bulb diameter, height and the index that determines the bulb shape, the trial was set up on an experimental plot of the Center for Vegetable Crops in Smederevska Palanka during 1997 and 1998. The trial was performed by applying the method of random block system in five replications. Ten varieties of different geographical origin were included as the research material. The recorded values of the investigated features were determined by applying the variance analysis of a two-factorial trial - model 2 (Hadživuković, 1991). The components of the phenotypic variance, genotype and phenotype coefficient of variation and heritability in broad sense were estimated according to Singh and Chaudhary (1976). Significant variability was recorded for all the above named features in both years of investigation. In 1997, the smallest genotype (GCV) and phenotype (PCV) coefficient of variation were recorded for the bulb height, while in the second year of investigation it was the bulb diameter. The highest values of the same parameters were found in the bulb index. All the investigated features were characterized by a greater genotype variance than the variance of the environmental factor. High heritability proved that the genotype variability was stronger in the overall phenotype variability.
Key words: onion, bulb diameter, height, index, genotype and phenotype variation coefficient, genotype and environmental variance, heritability
Corresponding author: Nenad Pavlović, Institute for Agricultural Research “Serbia”, Center for Vegetable Crops, Karađorđeva 71, 11420 Smederevska Palanka, Yugoslavia.
tel.: 381-26-323170; fax: 381-26-323785; e-mail: cfvcsp@eunet.yu
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.3 (1999), pp. 225-233
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.22; 616.006.4
Original scientific paper
VARIABILITY OF FREQUENCY OF SCEs, CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS, AND PRI IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES OF FEMALE PATIENTS WITH PRECANCEROUS LESIONS
Olivera MILOŠEVIĆ-ĐORĐEVIĆ1, Slobodan ARSENIJEVIĆ2, and Aleksandar ŽIVANOVIĆ2
1Faculty of Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34 000 Kragujevac,
2Clinic of Obstretics and Gynecology, 34 000 Kragujevac, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Milošević-Đorđević O., S. Arsenijević, and A. Živanović (1999): Variability of frequency of SCEs, chromosomal aberrations, and PRI in peripheral blood lymphocytes of female patients with precancerous lesions. – Genetika, Vol. 31, No. 3, 225-233.
The primary aim of this study was to follow the frequency of SCEs and chromosomal aberrations, and PRI in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 15 newly diagnosed female patients with premalignant lesions of cervix uteri, in relation to the degree of difficulty of change and smoking of cigarette. The results show significant increase of SCE frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients (8.71 ± 0.18 SCE/cell), in comparison to control sample of healthy women (6.21 ± 0.15 SCE/cell), as well as an increase in chromosomal aberration frequency. PRI is somewhat greater in the sample of female patients, but without statistical significance. The cigarette smoking patients had statistically higher frequencies of SCEs, than non cigarette smoking patients (p<0.05).
Key words: Chromosomal aberrations, cervix uteri, lymphocytes peripheral blood, sister-chromatid exchange, precancerous lesions, proliferation index
Corresponding author: Olivera Milošević-Đorđević, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Yugoslavia,
tel.: 381-34-335-039 fax: 034-335-040
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.3 (1999), pp. 235-244
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.832; 635.64
Original scientific paper
SELECTING FEATURES FOR ESTIMATING GENETIC DIVERGENCE OF TOMATO GENOTYPES (LYCOPERSICUM ESCULENTUM MILL.)
Zoran SUŠIĆ1, Jasmina ZDRAVKOVIĆ1, Nenad PAVLOVIĆ1, and
Slaven PRODANOVIĆ2
1 Agricultural Research Institute “Srbija”, Center for Vegetable Crops,
11420 Smederevska Palanka,
2 Agricultural Faculty, 11080 Zemun, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Sušić Z., J. Zdravković, N. Pavlović, and S. Prodanović (1999): Selecting features for estimating genetic divergence of tomato genotypes (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.). – Genetika, Vol. 31, No. 3, 235-244.
On the basis of the six tomato yield components (fruit length and width, pericarp thickness, number of locules per fruit, number of fruits per plant, and fruit mass), seven tomato genotypes were grouped into five clusters by applying the method of hierarchical cluster analysis. The values of the specific combining abilities (SCA) and heterosis effects in 21 tomato hybrids of F1 generation obtained by diallel crossing of seven parental genotypes testified that the dendrogram of phenotypic differences was obtained on the basis of these features. It also showed the present differences between the genotypes. It was concluded that the good hybrids with high SCA values and high heterosis effects were obtained by crossing the divergent genotypes from different clusters. It was in conformity with the fact that the favourable gene recombining abilities and high heterosis effects were obtained by crossing the divergent parents but not the ones in close relationship. Since this method was successfully applied and tested on seven genotypes, it could also be applied for the characterization and classification of the entire tomato germplasm collection. The genotypes characterised by a high degree of genetic divergence should be selected from the collection that had been classified in such a manner (from different clusters). In this way, the process of tomato selection would be greatly facilitated.
Key words: tomato, cluster, genetic divergence, selecting features, genotypes selection
Corresponding author: Zoran Sušić, Agricultural Research Institute “Serbia”, Center for Vegetable Crops, Karađorđeva 71, 11420 Smederevska Palanka, Yugoslavia.
tel.: 381-26-323170; fax: 381-26-323785; e-mail: cfvcsp@eunet.yu
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.3 (1999), pp. 245-251
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.22; 635.652
Original scientific paper
EFFECTS OF GENETIC PARAMETERS ON INHERITING THE NUMBER OF PODS PER PLANT IN BEANS (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Milan ZDRAVKOVIĆ, Dragoljub ČOROKALO, Radiša ĐORĐEVIĆ, and Jasmina ZDRAVKOVIĆ
Agricultural Research Institute “Serbia” - Center for Vegetable Crops, 11420 Smederevska Palanka, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Zdravković M., D. Čorokalo, R. Đorđević, and J. Zdravković (1999): Effects of genetic parameters on inheriting the number of pods per plant in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). – Genetika, Vol. 31, No. 3, 245-251.
In order to investigate gene effects on inheriting the number of pods per plant in beans, we investigated four divergent bean genotypes (Biser, Galeb, Rozalija and Palanački zlatno žuti), as well as their F1 descendants obtained by diallel crossing – without reciprocal. The research was on their mode of inheritance and genetic components of the variance. The graph analysis suggested superdominance in F1 generation, dominance genes controlling the number of pods and Rozalija as the genotype with all the recessive genes. In F2 generation, epistasis was absent, there was partial dominance and Galeb was the genotype with the largest number of recessive alleles.
Key words: beans, number of pods/plant, inheritance, genetic components
Corresponding author: Milan Zdravković, Institute for Agricultural Research “Serbia”, Center for Vegetable Crops, Karađorđeva 71, 11420 Smederevska Palanka, Yugoslavia.
tel.: 381-26-323170; fax: 381-26-323785; e-mail: cfvcsp@eunet.yu
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.3 (1999), pp. 253-260
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 576.316; 598.112
Original scientific paper
DISTRIBUTION OF CONSTITUTIVE HETEROCHROMATIN AND NUCLEOLUS ORGANIZERS IN LIZARDS OF THE FAMILY LACERTIDAE (SAURIA)
Mladen VUJOŠEVIĆ and Jelena BLAGOJEVIĆ
Department of Genetics, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, 11060 Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Vujošević M. and J. Blagojević (1999): Distribution of constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolus organizers in lizards of the family Lacertidae (Sauria). – Genetika, Vol. 31, No. 3, 253-260.
Karyotypic structure of eight species from the family Lacertidae (Podarcis sicula, P. muralis, Lacerta viridis, L. trilineata, L. melisellensis, L. taurica, L. agilis and Algyroides nigropunctatus) was analyzed regarding the distribution and amount of constitutive heterochromatin, and the presence and localization of nucleolus organizers. All species have the same number and morphology of chromosomes, 36 acrocentric macrochromosomes and two microchromosomes. Interspecies variability in the number and position of nucleolus organizers was detected. Constitutive heterochromatin was present in the centromeric region in all species, while terminal localization of constitutive heterochromatin characterized four of them and interstitial only two. It was established that NORs and intercalar and terminal C-bands could be used as good landmarks for distinguishing species of Lacertidae lizards.
Key words: Lacertidae, karyotypes, NORs, C-band
Corresponding author: Mladen Vujošević, Department of Genetics, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, 29. novembra 142, 11060 Belgrade, Yugoslavia,
e-mail: mladenvu@ibiss.bg.ac.yu
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 31, No.3 (1999), pp. xx-xx
© 1999 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 576.316; 616.001.28
Original scientific paper
CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS IN PERSONS THAT WERE IN CONTACT WITH 60Co
Dubravka JOVIČIĆ1, Snežana MILAČIĆ1, and Vesna VERBIĆ2
1 Institute of Occupational Medicine and Radiological Health “Dr Dragomir Karajović”, 11000 Belgrade
2 Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetics Engineering, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Abstract
Jovičić D., S. Milačić, and V. Verbić (1999): Chromosome aberrations in persons that were in contact with 60Co. – Genetika, Vol. 31, No. 3, 261-267.
Individuals that are not professionally exposed to ionizing radiation might also be exposed to the risk of radiation activity. This report shows the results of investigation of chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in individuals that were in contact with 60Co (62 persons). Results obtained in this investigation indicated that chromosomal changes occurred in nine individuals, as well as increased incidence of structural chromosomal aberrations (dicentric, acentric fragment, ring chromosomes). Significant biological effects on chromosomes were registered in individuals that were near the radioactive source for the longest period.
Key words: chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei
Corresponding author: Dubravka Jovičić, Institute of Occupational Medicine and Radiological Health “Dr Dragomir Karajović”, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia