GENETIKA, Vol. 40, No. 3 (2008)
Dragana IGNJATOVIĆ-MICIĆ, Goran STANKOVIĆ, Ksenija MARKOVIĆ, Vesna LAZIĆ-JANČIĆ and Miloje DENIĆ
QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE – QPM [Abstract] [Full text]
Victor M. SALCEDA, Judith GUZMÁN, Olga OLVERA and Ma. Esther de la ROSA
TEMPORALCHANGES IN RELATIVE FREQUENCIES OF THIRD CHROMOSOME INVERSIONS OF DROSOPHILA PSEUDOOBSCURA IN MEXICAN POPULATIONS [Abstract] [Full text]
Vojka BABIĊ, Milosav BABIĊ, Milomir FILIPOVIĊ, Nenad DELIĊ and Violeta ANĐELKOVIĊ
PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERISATION AND RELATEDNESS OF MAIZE INBRED LINES [Abstract] [Full text]
Miloje DENIC, Pedro CHAQUE, Pedro FATO, Constantino SENETE, David MARIOTE and Wayne HAAG
APPROACHES IN BREEDING FOR HIGH QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE [Abstract] [Full text]
Zorica PAJIĆ, Uroš ERIĆ, Jelena SRDIĆ, Snežana MLADENOVIĆ DRINIĆ and Milomir FILIPOVIĆ
POPPING VOLUME AND GRAIN YIELD IN DIALLEL SET OF POPCORN INBRED LINES [Abstract] [Full text]
Miodrag DIMITRIJEVIĆ, Sofija PETROVIĆ, and J. Perry GUSTAFSON
THE EFFECT OF WHEAT-RYE TRANSLOCATION 1Bl.1Rs IN A DIFFERENT QUALITY GENETIC BACKGROUND ON BIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN WHEAT [Abstract] [Full text]
Jelena LEVIĆ, Slavica STANKOVIĆ and Tijana PETROVIĆ
THE DETERMINATION OF EXSEROHILUM TURCICUM VIRULENCE FACTORS IN SERBIA [Abstract] [Full text]
Vladan IVETIĆ, Vasilije ISAJEV and Snežana MLADENOVIĆ DRINIĆ
“LANDSCAPE SHAPE INTERPOLATION” FOR DEFINING SPATIAL PATTERN OF BEECH GENETIC DIVERSITY IN SERBIA [Abstract] [Full text]
Jelena SRDIĆ, Milena SIMIĆ, Živorad VIDENOVIĆ and Zorica PAJIĆ
YIELDS OF ZP SWEET MAIZE HYBRIDS IN DEPENDENCE ON SOWING DENSITIES [Abstract] [Full text]
Milosav BABIĊ, Violeta ANĐELKOVIĊ and Vojka BABIĊ
GENOTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION IN MAIZE BREEDING [Abstract] [Full text]
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 40, No. 3 (2008), pp. 205-214
© 2008 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575: 633.15
Original scientific paper
Quality Protein Maize – QPM
Dragana Ignjatović-Micić, Goran Stanković, Ksenija Marković,
Vesna Lazić-Jančić and Miloje Denić
Maize Research Institute „Zemun Polje“, S. Bajića 1, 11185, Serbia
Abstract
Micić-Ignjatović D., G. Stanković, K. Marković, V. Lazić-Jančić and M.Denić (2008): Quality protein maize – QPM. – Genetika, Vol. 40, No. 3, 205-214.
Quality protein maize (QPM) contains the opaque-2 gene along with numerious modifiers for kernel hardness. Therefore, QPM is maize with high nutritive value of endosperm protein, with substantially higher content of two essential amino acids - lysine and tryptophan, and with good agronomical performances. Although QPM was developed primarly for utilization in the regions where, because of poverty, maize is the main staple food, it has many advantages for production and consumption in other parts of the world, too. QPM can be used for production of conventional and new animal feed, as well as for human nurture. As the rate of animal weight gain is doubled with QPM and portion avaibility is better, a part of normal maize production could be available for other purposes, such as, for example, ethanol production. Thus, breeding QPM is set as a challenge to produce high quality protein maize with high yield and other important agronomical traits, especially with today’s food and feed demands and significance of energy crisis.
Key words: maize, opaque-2, QPM
Corresponding author: Dragana Ignjatović-Micić, Maize Research Institute „Zemun Polje“, S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade, Serbia , Tel: 011/3756704, Fax: 011/3756707,
e-mail: idragana@mrizp.co.rs
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 40, No. 3 (2008), pp. 215-226
© 2008 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575
Original scientific paper
TEMPORALCHANGES IN RELATIVE FREQUENCIES OF THIRD CHROMOSOME INVERSIONS OF DROSOPHILA PSEUDOOBSCURA
IN MEXICAN POPULATIONS
Victor M. SALCEDA1, Judith GUZMÁN 1, 2, Olga OLVERA1, 3
and Ma. Esther de la ROSA1, 3
1Departamento de Biología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, México.
2Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Mexico
3 Retired
Abstract
Salceda, M.V., J. Guzman, O.Olvera and M.E.Rosa (2008): Temporal changes in relative frequencies of third chromosome inversions of Drosophila pseudoobscura in Mexican populations – Genetika, Vol. 40, No. 3, 215 – 226.
Variations in relative frequencies of third chromosome inversions during 1974-2000 in three populations of D. pseudoobscura from Mexico were analyzed. The general constitution of these populations is formed from ten up to 15 different inversions, been prevalent, as data shows, the gene arrangements CU, TL, SC, OA, EP, and OL as main components of the studied populations. In Amecameca and Tulancingo we observed that they were constituted by a dominant pair in both cases represented by such partners as CU-TL inside each pair, in Amecameca the superior partner was CU and in Tulancingo TL. In Zirahuén two dominant pairs form the constitution they are SC-OA and CU-TL been the former superior. In all cases sporadic increases of some of inversions were observed. No directional changes were observed. The cyclic pattern is show within periods of 4-5 years.
Key words: frequency changes, inversion polymorphism, Drosophila
Corresponding author: V.Salceda Departamento de Biología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, México. Carretera México-Toluca S/N. La Marquesa, Ocoyoacac. México C.P. 52750. Apartado Postal # 111, Lerma, Edo. de México, C.P. 52000. MEXICO. email: vmss@nuclear.inin.mx
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 40, No. 3 (2008), pp. 227-236
© 2008 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575: 633.15
Original scientific paper
Phenotypic characteriSation and relatedness
of maize inbred lines
Vojka Babiċ, Milosav Babiċ, Milomir Filipoviċ, Nenad Deliċ
and Violeta Anđelkoviċ
Maize Research Institute, Slobodana Bajica 1, 11185 Zemun-Belgrade
Abstract
Babić V., M. Babić, M. Filipović, N. Delić, and V. Anđelković (2008): Phenotypic characterisation and relatedness of maize inbred lines. - Genetika, Vol. 40, No3, 227 - 236.
Clear description of maze is useful in planning crosses for hybrids, in classifying inbreds to heterotic groups, and in the plant variety protection. The objection to visual assessment of morphological traits is its subjectivity. But it can be very useful for plant breeders especially when they work with a material of unknown genetic origin.
The phenotypic characterisation (30 traits) of 45 inbred lines according to the UPOV Descriptor, with a known pedigree, is used with the main goal to investigate a possibility of exploiting such a kind of information for the classification of inbred lines in homogenous groups according to their relatedness.
Ward's method of cluster analysis had the best concordance with pedigree data. This method divided 45 inbreds into two large clusters, each of them containing two subclusters. Quality of the cluster analysis with four groups was tested by the discrimination analysis. All of the tree discrimination functions were significant and enclosed 64%, 20% and 16% of variance, respectively.
In plant breeding such information can be useful for a more precise description of existing heterotic groups, as well as, for grouping lines of unknown genetic origin. On the basis of obtained grouping, the decision on their crossing can be made. Hence they either should be crossed to related (F2 populations for a new selection) or unrelated materials (testing of combining abilities).
Key words: cluster, maize, phenotypic characterisation, relatedness
Corresponding author: Babic Vojka, Maize Research Institute „Zemun Polje“, Slobodana Bajica 1, 11185 Zemun-Belgrade, Serbia; Tel: (011)3756704, Fax: 3756707, e-mail: vbabic@mrizp.co.rs
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 40, No. 3 (2008), pp. 237-247
© 2008 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575: 633.15
Original scientific paper
APPROACHES IN BREEDING FOR HIGH QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE
Miloje DENIC1, Pedro CHAQUE1, Pedro FATO1, Constantino SENETE1,
David MARIOTE1 and Wayne HAAG2
1Institute for Research in Agriculture of Mozambique (IIAM), Maputo, Mozambique
2SG 2000, Maputo, Mozambique
Abstract
Denić M., P. Chaque, P. Fato, C. Senete, D.Mariote and W.Haag (2008): Approaches in breeding for high quality protein maize - Genetika, Vol. 40, No. 3, 237-247.
Maize is the principal crop and major staple food in the most African and South American countries. The main problem in human nutrition in developing countries, and in livestock feed in developed countries, is insufficient production and poor quality of cereal proteins. In the case of maize, due to the very low content of essential amino acids lysine and tryptophan in grain endosperm, biological value is very low, which is main limiting factor of common maize in human nutrition and feeding of monogastric animals. Quality protein maize (QPM) can help in solving of this problem. Maize production also faces serious constraints caused by agro-ecological conditions and poor socio-economic situation. To alleviate the effect of the constraints, selected genotypes with more desirable traits and appropriate field-plot techniques to create multiple-stress conditions, were used. It was found that, in downy mildew nursery distance up to 35 m from spreader plot is providing sufficient down load of spores for plant infection, provided that the testing breeding materials are planted towards to down-stream direction of the dominant wind. Using these breeding approaches large number of early, white and flint synthetics, composites and inbred lines were created with resistance or tolerance to downy mildew (DMR), maize streak virus (SR) and drought (DT). Created genotypes exhibited very good kernel modification and yield potential under low and normal inputs. In the case of synthetics and composites, besides tolerance to multiple stress factors, they were competing in yield with local QPM and normal maize checks. In the case of created inbred lines high combining ability was exhibited both in non-conventional and conventional maize hybrids. Trial data revealed that in the most cases the best entries were over-yielding the best checks.
Key words: maize, quality protein, multiple resistance, synthetics, lines, hybrids
Corresponding author: Miloje Denic, Institute for Research in Agriculture of Mozambique (IIAM), Av das FPLM 2698, Maputo, Mozambique; e-mail: denicmiloje@yahoo.com
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 40, No. 3 (2008), pp. 249-260
© 2008 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575:633.15
Original scientific paper
POPPING VOLUME AND GRAIN YIELD IN DIALLEL SET
OF POPCORN INBRED LINES
Zorica PAJIĆ, Uroš ERIĆ, Jelena SRDIĆ, Snežana MLADENOVIĆ DRINIĆ
and Milomir FILIPOVIĆ
Maize Research Institute “Zemun Polje”, Belgrade, Serbia
Abstract
Pajić Z., U.Erić, J.Srdić, S. Mladenović Drinić and M. Filipović (2008): Popping volume and grain yield in diallel set of popcorn inbred lines – Genetika, Vol. 40, No. 3, 249-260.
Popping volume and yield are traits caused by several heredity factors. It is difficult to obtain superior genotypes for both traits but it is possible to develop genotypes with good popping volume and satisfactory yield. The hybrid ZPPL2 x ZPPL5 was superior in yield, heterosis and SCA for both yield and popping volume. As inbred ZPPL4 in all combinations has a good value for popping volume could be concluded that this inbred may be used as parent in further crosses.
Analysis of variance of the combining ability indicating significant SCA effect for grain yield, and significant both GCA and SCA effects for popping volume. Therefore it can be stated that yield is influenced by non-aditive and popping volume by both additive and non-additive gene effects. Analysis of variance of genetic components for popping volume indicates that the additive as well as dominant components significantly affected the inheritance of this trait in popcorn.
The objective of this study was to evalute heteorsis and combing ability for grain yield and popping volume in dialalel set of six maize inbred lines.
Key words: combining ability, heterosis,popcorn, yield
Corresponding author: Zorica Pajić, Maize Research Institute “Zemun Polje”, Slobodana Bajica 1, 11080 Zemun-Belgrade Serbia , E-mail: zpajic@mrizp.co.rs
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 40, No. 3 (2008), pp. 261-270
© 2008 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575: 633.11
Original scientific paper
The Effect of Wheat-Rye Translocation 1Bl.1Rs in a Different Quality Genetic Background on Biological Traits in Wheat
Miodrag Dimitrijević1, Sofija Petrović1, and J. Perry Gustafson2
1 Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad, SERBIA
2USDA-ARS University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
Abstract
Dimitrijević M., S.Petrović and J.P. Gustafson (2008): The effect of wheat-rye translocation 1bl.1rs in a different quality genetic background on biological traits in wheat. – Genetika, Vol. 40, No. 3, 261-270.
A sample of 139 varieties of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), predominantly Serbian winter wheat varieties originated in the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad, has been examined for presence of 1BL/1RS wheat-rye translocation. Two genotype groups consisted of varieties possessing and lacking the translocation have been compared. Stem rust, leaf rust, powdery mildew as well as, winter hardiness were studied. The influence of 1BL/1RS translocation was also studied in a light of wheat seed storage protein (glutenin and gliadin) genetic background composition. Genotypes having the translocation appeared to be more tolerant to stem rust, and leaf rust, but more susceptible to powdery mildew. These effects were slightly modified depending on the examined genetic background, but the effect of the rye 1RS translocated chromosome arm was the main cause for the observed differences.
Key words: 1BL/1RS translocation, biological properties, gliadin, glutenin, wheat.
Corresponding author: Miodrag Dimitrijević, Chair of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, sq. D. Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia, phone +381 21 4853211, e-mail: mishad@polj.ns.ac.yu , web: www.genetikans.co.yu
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 40, No. 3 (2008), pp. 271-281
© 2008 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575: 633.15
Original scientific paper
THE DETERMINATION OF EXSEROHILUM TURCICUM
VIRULENCE FACTORS IN SERBIA
Jelena LEVIĆ, Slavica STANKOVIĆ and Tijana PETROVIĆ
Maize Research Institute, „Zemun Polje“ - Belgrade, Serbia
Abstract
Lević J., S. Stanković and T. Petrović (2008): The determination of Exserohilum turcicum virulence factors in Serbia. – Genetika, Vol. 40, No. 3, 271-281.
The determination of Exserohilum turcicum virulence factors and resistance responses of three sets of maize inbred lines (four differential, eight isogenic and 22 commercial inbreeds) to three isolates of this pathogen under greenhouse conditions were studied. The maize inbreeds were selected according to previous testing of resistance based on lesion types in 194 inbreeds under field conditions of plant inoculation with the E. turcicum race 0 (designated as the isolate MRI-Et). The standard procedure was applied to obtained isolates MRIZP-1747 and MRIZP-1416 from resistant and susceptible lesion types, respectively. These lesions were developed on the same leaf of a plant of the experimental hybrid no. 163/99 grown in a nursery at Zemun Polje during 1999. the third isolate (MRIZP-1435) was isolated from a leaf sample originating from the location of Srbobran in which the occurrence of northern corn leaf blight (NCLB), caused by Exserohilum turcicum, was intensive. Based upon virulence/avirulence of three isolates of E. turcicum on differential maize inbred lines, it was found out that the isolate MRIZP-1747 could be classified as race 0, whereas isolates MRIZP-1416 and MRIZP-1435 could be classified as race 1. These are the first results that confirm the presence of race 1 of E. turcicum in Serbia. Not including differential lines, 22 and six lines were resistant to race 0 and race 1, respectively, while eight and five lines were resistant and susceptible to both races, respectively. All isogenic lines not containing the Ht gene were susceptible to both races 0 and 1.
Key words: Exserohilum turcicum, race 0 and race 1, Zea mays L.
Corresponding author: Jelena Lević, Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia, Tel.: ++ 381/11/3756704, Fax: ++ 381/11/3756707, e-mail: jlevic@mrizp.co.rs
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 40, No. 3 (2008), pp. 283-292
© 2008 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575:630
Original scientific paper
“LANDSCAPE SHAPE INTERPOLATION” FOR DEFINING SPATIAL PATTERN OF BEECH GENETIC DIVERSITY IN SERBIA
Vladan IVETIĆ1, Vasilije ISAJEV1 and Snežana MLADENOVIĆ DRINIĆ2
1University of Belgrade – Faculty of Forestry
2Maize Research Institute “Zemun Polje”, Belgrade, Serbia
Abstract
Ivetić V., V. Isajev and S. Mladenović Drinić (2008): "Landscape shape interpolation” for defining spatial pattern of beech genetic diversity in Serbia. – Genetika, Vol. 40, No. 3,283-292.
Knowledge about spatial distribution of genetic diversity is very important for foresters in order to make right decisions during establishing of management plans for conservation, afforestation or reforestation. Advanced molecular technologies provide us with efficiently measured genetic information’s which can be analyzed powerful statistical tools. Landscape Shape Interpolation analysis was applied on protein based marker data sets from six natural populations of Balkan beech. Results indicate existence of three genetically distinct groups: 1) Djerdap, Kopaonik, Zubin potok and Ivanjica; 2) Bor and 3) Pirot. These results were compared with results of UPGMA clustering of sampled population based on NEI original distances, Principal Coordinate Analysis and Monmonier's Maximum Difference Algorithm Analysis. Landscape Shape Interpolation analysis represent a powerful tool in spatial genetic diversity research. Combining of Landscape Shape Interpolation analysis results with digitalized maps of investigated area in some of numerous GIS applications will for certainly improve visualization of results and provide better understanding of causal factors of genetic diversity.
Key word: beech, interpolation, spatial genetic diversity
Corresponding author: Vladan Ivetić, University of Belgrade – Faculty of Forestry, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11090 Belgrade, Serbia. Tel.: +381 11 3053 874, e-mail: vivetic@sfb.bg.ac.yu
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 40, No. 3 (2008), pp. 293-301
© 2008 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575: 633.15
Original scientific paper
YIELDS OF ZP SWEET MAIZE HYBRIDS IN DEPENDENCE ON SOWING DENSITIES
Jelena SRDIĆ, Milena SIMIĆ, Živorad VIDENOVIĆ and Zorica PAJIĆ
Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Belgrade, Serbia
Abstract
Srdić J, M. Simić, Ž. Videnović and Z. Pajić (2008): Yields of ZP sweet maize hybrids in dependence on sowing densities. – Genetika, Vol. 40, No. 3, 293-301.
Sweet maize differs from maize of standard grain quality by many important traits that affect the ear appearance, and especially by traits controlling taste. The ear appearance trait encompasses the kernel row number, configuration, row pattern (direction and arrangement), seed set, kernel width and depth, ear shape and size. The quality of immature kernels is controlled by genes by which sweet maize differs from common maize. In order to obtain high-ranking and high-quality yields, it is necessary to provide the most suitable cropping practices for sweet maize hybrids developed at the Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje. The adequate sowing density is one of more important elements of correct cropping practices.
The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of four sowing densities in four ZP sweet maize hybrids of different FAO maturity groups on ear qualitative traits and yields obtained on chernozem type of soil in Zemun Polje.
The observed traits of sweet maize (ear length, kernel row number, number of kernels per row, yield and shelling percentage) significantly varied over years. The higher sowing density was the higher yield of sweet maize was, hence the highest ear yield of 9.67 t ha-1, on the average for all four hybrids, was recorded at the highest sowing density of 70,000 plants ha-1. The highest yield was detected in the hybrid ZP 424su. The highest shelling percentage (67.81%) was found in the hybrid ZP 521su at the sowing density of 60,000 plants ha-1. Generally, it can be stated that sweet maize hybrids of a shorter growing season (FAO 400) could be cultivated up to 70,000 plants ha-1, while those of a longer growing season (FAO 500) could be grown up to 60,000 plants ha-1. In such a way, the most favourable parameters of yields and the highest yields can be obtained.
Key words: hybrid, sweet maize, sowing density, yield
Corresponding author: Jelena Srdić, Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Belgrade, Serbia, S. Bajića 1, 11185 Zemun Polje, Serbia
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 40, No. 3 (2008), pp. 303-312
© 2008 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575: 633.15
Original scientific paper
GENOTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION IN MAIZE BREEDING
Milosav BABIĊ, Violeta ANĐELKOVIĊ and Vojka BABIĊ
Maize Research Institute, Slobodana Bajica 1, 11080 Zemun-Belgrade
Abstract
Babić M, V. Anđelković, and V. Babić (2008): Genotype by environment interaction in maize breeding – Genetika, Vol. 40, No. 3, 303-312.
Because proximity measures occur in pairs where both, similarity and dissimilarity measures exploit the same type of information, companion classification and ordination techniques can be applied. They complement each other in analysis of genotype by environment interaction (GxE) data. Choice of method, companion diagnostics and graphical presentation are required within each of methodologies.
By clustering of 12 genotypes into 5 groups, 96.26% of variability for genotypes contained in original data is kept. By applying same analysis for environments, 96.45% of variability contained in original data matrix is kept with grouping of 31 environments into 11 groups. Caused by genotypes and environments grouping 78.10% of GxE variability contained in original data matrix remained in analysis of such two-way reduced data. Based on shown results, it is not possible to define smaller growing regions. Clustering of environment can be useful not only for defining mega environments but also for smaller growing regions defining only in combination with some of additional analysis (AMMI, discrimination analysis, correspondent analysis etc.). In such kind of analysis experience of investigator would be of great importance. Choice of test sites for breeding programme can be made based on obtained grouping to a limited extent (rather for restructuring existing test sites network in order to obtain “better” information with same number of test sites then for its rationalization with number of test sites decreasing).
Key words: cluster, GxE interaction, maize, pattern analysis.
Corresponding author: Milosav Babić, Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Belgrade, Serbia, S. Bajića 1, 11185 Zemun Polje, Serbia