GENETIKA, Vol

GENETIKA, Vol. 54, No.2 (2022)

Mehmet BONAandMark HUGHES

MORPHOLOGICAL HOMOPLASY AND SECTIONAL POLYPHYLY IN CENTAUREA SECT. CYNAROIDES AND RELATED TAXA [Abstract] [Full text] [Supplement]

Afsaneh JALILZADEH, Seyed Mohammad Mahdi HAMDI, Younes ASRI, Mostafa ASSADI, Alireza IRANBAKHSH

PALYNOLOGICAL ANALYSIS SOME SPECIES OF CHENOPODIACEAE AND ITS SYSTEMATIC IMPLICATIONS USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY [Abstract] [Full text]

Yu HAI-YAN, Zhang LI, Luo JIAN-CHENG

MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS AND GENETIC DIVERSITY IN Hedera L. (Araliaceae) SPECIES POPULATIONS USING SEQUENCE RELATED AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHISM [Abstract] [Full text]

Juan YIN and Hamed KHODAYARI

RAPD MARKER TO ASSESS GENETIC DIVERSITY and EXCHANGE GENES IN Alcea (Malvaceae) [Abstract] [Full text]

Tuty ARISURYANTI, Syafrizal ULUM, Lukman HAKIM

SPECIES IDENTIFICATION AND MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF TERUBUK FISH FROM BENGKALIS STRAIT (RIAU, INDONESIA) USING COI MITOCHONDRIAL GENE AS A BARCODING MARKER [Abstract] [Full text]

S.S. DODAKE, V.P. CHIMOTE, P.L. KULWAL

ASSESSMENT OF MOLECULAR DIVERSITY AND ESTABLISHING PHENOTYPIC RELATIONSHIPS IN FEMALE AND MALE GENOTYPES OF SPINE GOURD (Momordica dioica Roxb.) [Abstract] [Full text]

Maliheh MAHMOUDI, Mohammad javad SEGHATOLESLAMI, Gholamreza MOOSAVI, Mozhgan SABET TEIMOURI

EFFECTS OF VARIOUS DORMANCY BREAKING TREATMENT ON SEED GERMINATION IN Sclerorhachis Leptoclada BOISS: AN ENDANGERED MEDICINAL PLANT IN ARID AREA [Abstract] [Full text]

Hakan KELES, Hasan PINAR, Mustafa UNLU, Gulce ILHAN, Mehmet Ramazan BOZHUYUK, Sezai ERCISLI

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF WILD CAROB (Ceratonia Siliqua L.) GENOTYPES BY SEQUENCE-RELATED AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHISM (SRAP) TECHNIQUES IN TURKEY [Abstract] [Full text]

Masoumeh NOROUZI, Abbas MALEKI, Elham ABOUALIGALEHDARI, Sobhan GHAFOURIAN

TYPE II TOXIN- ANTITOXIN SYSTEMS IN CLINICAL ISOLATES OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANT Acinetobacter baumannii [Abstract] [Full text]

C. G. PATEL, P. T. PATEL, D. T. DHARAJIYA, A. B. PATEL, H. N. ZALA, A. B. KHATRI, K. K. TIWARI

MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF COWPEA (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) GENOTYPES [Abstract] [Full text] [Supplement]

Dobrivoj POŠTIĆ, Addie WAXMAN, Zoran BROĆIĆ, Nenad ĐURIĆ, Ratibor ŠTRBANOVIĆ, Aleksandra STANOJKOVIĆ-SEBIĆ, Rade STANISAVLJEVIĆ

THE EFFECT OF YEAR AND GENOTYPE ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF POTATO [Abstract] [Full text]

Sedigheh RAHIMI, Masoud SHEIDAI, Ahmad Reza MEHRABIAN, Fahimeh KOOHDAR

POPULATION GENETIC STUDY IN Epilobium minutiflorum (Onagraceae) IN IRAN [Abstract] [Full text]

Nikola TOMLJENOVIĆ, Tomislav JEMRIĆ, Marko VUKOVIĆ

DIVERSITY OF THE GENUS Rosa POMOLOGICAL TRAITS IN ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF CONTINENTAL CROATIA [Abstract] [Full text]

Sima AZADMANESH, Javad MOZAFARI, Nader HASANZADEH, Cobra MOSLEMKHANI

COMPARING INOCULATION METHODS FOR In vitro EVALUATION OF RESISTANCE TO BLACKLEG DISEASE IN POTATO CULTIVARS [Abstract] [Full text]

Ali TEKİN, Ziya DUMLUPINAR, Adem BARDAK

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF MUTANT LINES OF AYVALIK OLIVE CULTIVAR OBTAINED BY CHEMICAL MUTATION [Abstract] [Full text]

Mehmet Ali SARIDAŞ, Erdal AĞÇAM, Furkan Cihad AKBAŞ, Gülşah Selcen KESKİNASLAN, Rojbin KAMAR, Bekir SAFKAN, Sevgi PAYDAS KARGI
YIELD AND TASTE RELATED COMPONENTS VARIATION IN NEW SUPERIOR BRED STRAWBERRY GENOTYPES AND COMMERCIAL CULTIVARS DURING THE WIDE HARVEST SEASON [Abstract] [Full text]

Bojana RISTANOVIĆ, Zoran ILIĆ, Violeta CARO PETROVIĆ, Vukašin STEFANOVIĆ, Irina Nikolaevna SICHEVA,Nataša Perović

INFLUENCE OF BIRTH TYPE ON BODY WEIGHT OF LAMBS FROM BIRTH TO WEANING IN VARIOUS STRAINS OF SHEEP PRAMENKA[Abstract] [Full text]

Ummy KULSUM, Umakanta SARKER and Md. Golam RASUL

GENETIC VARIABILITY, HERITABILITY AND INTERRELATIONSHIP IN SALT-TOLERANT LINES OF T. AMAN RICE [Abstract] [Full text]

Olga MILOSEVIC, Nadja NIKOLIC, Jelena CARKIC, Nemanja MAJSTOROVIĆ, Branislav GLISIC, Jelena MILASIN

ANALYSIS OF COL1A1 AND MMP9 SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS IN MANDIBULAR PROGNATHISM [Abstract] [Full text]

Marija JOVANOVIĆ, Jelena MILOVANOVIĆ, Marina NONIĆ, Mirjana ŠIJAČIĆ-NIKOLIĆ

INTER- AND INTRASPECIFIC VARIABILITY OF Quercus cerris L. AND Quercus frainneto Ten. IN THE ŠUMADIJA REGION (SERBIA) BASED ON LEAF GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS [Abstract] [Full text]

Healy ARORA, S.K. JINDAL, Abhishek SHARMA, Rupeet GILL, N CHAWLA

DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF HYBRIDS RESISTANT TO LATE BLIGHT AND LEAF CURL VIRUS DISEASES IN TOMATO [Abstract] [Full text]

Seda ORENAY-BOYACIOGLU, Metin CALISKAN, AyseDONDU

GDNF rs2910702, rs3096140, and rs3812047 POLYMORPHISMS IN OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER: PRELIMINARY STUDY [Abstract] [Full text]

Katya VASILEVA and Velichka TODOROVA
ASSESSMENT OF PEPPER GENETIC RESOURCES FOR VERTICILLIUM WILT RESISTANCE [Abstract] [Full text]

Vladan POPOVIĆ, Vanja DANIČIĆ, Jelena MILOVANOVIĆ, Aleksandar LUČIĆ, Ljubinko RAKONJAC, Snežana MLADENOVIĆ DRINIĆ, Danijela RISTIĆ

GENETIC STRUCTURE OF SESSIL OAK (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl) FROM THE AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY “AVALA“ [Abstract] [Full text]

Aurelio HERNÁNDEZ-BAUTISTA, Ricardo LOBATO-ORTIZ, Mario ROCANDIO-RODRIGUEZ, Martha HERNÁNDEZ-RODRIGUEZ, Ana Lidia HERNÁNDEZ-BAUTISTA, Geremias RODRÍGUEZ-BAUTISTA, Enrique HERNANDEZ-LEAL, Edgardo BAUTISTA-RAMÍREZ

GENETIC PARAMETERS AND ESTIMATED BREEDING VALUES OF BLACKBERRY PARENTS UNDER A WARM ENVIRONMENT [Abstract] [Full text]

Dragana BRANKOVIĆ-RADOJČIĆ, Marija MILIVOJEVIĆ, Tanja PETROVIĆ, Snežana JOVANOVIĆ, Aleksandar POPOVIĆ, Snežana GOŠIĆ DONDO, Jelena SRDIĆ

STUDY OF MAIZE YIELD STABILITY WITH NONPARAMETRIC METHODS [Abstract] [Full text]

Igor MILUNOVIĆ, Vera POPOVIĆ, Nikola RAKAŠČAN,Jela IKANOVIĆ, Vojislav TRKULJA, Vuk RADOJEVIĆ, Gordana DRAŽIĆ

GENOTYPE × YEAR INTERACTION ON RYE PRODUCTIVITY PARAMETERS CULTIVATED ON SANDY CHERNOZEM SOIL [Abstract] [Full text]

Ankica KONDIĆ-ŠPIKA, Svetlana GLOGOVAC, Dragana TRKULJA, Ana MARJANOVIĆ-JEROMELA, Milica MARJANOVIĆ

RESPONSE OF WHEAT GENOTYPES TO EXCESS BORON ESTIMATED BY in vitro CULTURE [Abstract] [Full text]

Bojana PETROVIĆ, Jovana JOKSIMOVIĆ, Dragiša ŠLJIVANČANIN, Luka JOKSIMOVIĆ, Aleksandra DRINIĆ, Jelena STAMENKOVIĆ

ULTRASOUND MARKERS OF CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS ON ROUTINE SECOND TRIMESTER SCREENING [Abstract] [Full text]

Milica T. MIHAJLOVIC Marija SAVIC VESELINOVIC, Mihajlo FARKIC, Katarina ZELJIC

MIR-146A GENE VARIANT RS2910164 MIGHT BE ASSOCIATED WITH CORONARY IN-STENT RESTENOSIS RISK: RESULTS FROM A PILOT STUDY AND META-ANALYSIS [Abstract] [Full text]

Marija KOSTADINOVIĆ, Danijela RISTIĆ, Sofija BOŽINOVIĆ, Olivera ĐORĐEVIĆ MELNIK, Dragana IGNJATOVIĆ-MICIĆ, Jelena VANČETOVIĆ

MARKER ASSISTED CONVERSION OF MAIZE INBRED LINES TO QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE (QPM) ADAPTED TO TEMPERATE CLIMATE [Abstract] [Full text]

Amandeep SINGH, Dilbag SINGH, Rajinder SINGH,Salesh Kumar JINDAL

ASSESSMENT OF COMBINING ABILITY OF WATERMELON GERMPLASM DERIVED FROM DIVERSE GEOGRAPHIC ORIGIN FOR YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS [Abstract] [Full text]

Editor

CORRIGENDUM [Abstract] [Full text]

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No.2(2022), pp. 515-537

UDC 575.633

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202515B
Original scientific article

MORPHOLOGICAL HOMOPLASY AND SECTIONAL POLYPHYLY IN CENTAUREA SECT. CYNAROIDES AND RELATED TAXA

Mehmet BONA^1*andMark HUGHES²

¹Istanbul University, Science Faculty, Department of Botany, Istanbul, Turkey

²Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

Abstract

Bona M. and M. Hughes (2022). Morphological homoplasy and sectional polyphyly in Centaurea sect. Cynaroides and related taxa. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 515 - 537.

Building natural classifications for genera with complex morphological variations such as Centaurea needs the support of molecular analysis and knowledge of morphological character diversification. Here we use parsimony and Bayesian analyses of nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences to gain insight into the sectional relationships and character evolution in Centaurea sections Chartolepis, Cheirolepis, Cynaroides, Grosheimia, Microlophus, Paraphysis, Phaeopappus, Plumosipappus, Pseudoserida, Pseudophaeopappus, Ptheracantha, Ptosimopappus, and Rhizocalathium, from Turkey. In particular, we increase sampling in Turkish endemic species of Centaurea sect. Cynaroides and related taxa. The new ITS sequences for 26 taxa from 48 locations are given. Sequences of 17 taxa are given here the first time. The phylogeny derived from ITS data provides a reasonably resolved and reasonably supported phylogenetic framework for the genus. Our analysis shows characters traditionally used in Centaurea taxonomy such as flower colour, appendage width, spine length, and pappus length evolved several times independently and show a lot of homoplasies. However, we can confirm the validity of character combinations for a reliable subgeneric classification of Centaurea.

Key words: Asteraceae, character reconstruction, ITS, phylogeny, taxonomy

Corresponding author: Mehmet Bona, Istanbul University, Science Faculty, Department of Botany, Istanbul, Turkey, Phone: 0090 532 7394567, E-mail: mehmetbona@gmail.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No. 2 (2022), pp.539-552

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202539J
Original scientific paper

PALYNOLOGICAL ANALYSIS SOME SPECIES OF CHENOPODIACEAE AND ITS SYSTEMATIC IMPLICATIONS USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

Afsaneh JALILZADEH¹, Seyed Mohammad Mahdi HAMDI^1*, Younes ASRI²,

Mostafa ASSADI², Alireza IRANBAKHSH¹

¹Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

²Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Jalilzadeh A., S. M. M. Hamdi, Y. Asri, M. Assadi, A. Iranbakhsh (2022). Palynological analysis and genetic variations some species of Chenopodiaceae and its systematic implications using scanning electron microscopy. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 539-552.

Chenopodiaceae is a large, diverse and cosmopolitan family within the order Carophyllales. The majority of Chenopodiaceae species are adapted to saline, hypersaline, xerophytic and xerohalophytic communities or ruderal habitats. The family Chenopodiaceae is stenopolinous the pollen grains are monad and exclusively polypantoporate with tiny spinules on both tectum and operculum. Pollen morphology of six genera of Chenopodiaceae (Seidlitzia, Atriplex, Bassia, Salsola, Krascheninnikovia and Spinacia) have been studied in details. These plant species were collected from different phytogeographical regions of Iran. The palynological investigation was done using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Pollen characters studied in this study include pollen and pore diameters, number and density of apertures, interporal distance (chord), chord/pollen diameter ratio, pore diameter/pollen diameter ratio as well as spinule density on tectum and operculum. We used different multivariate statistical methods to reveal the species relationships. Ward clustering analyses have been done to check out the relationship among the species. The shapes of pollen grains were radially symmetrical, isopolar, pantopolyporate and spheroidal. Their exine structure is similar. In the Chenopodiaceae, three pollen types have been defined, mainly on the basis of pollen grain size, pore number, number of microechinae on pore membrane, the density of spinules, and pore edge shape.

Key words: Chenopodiaceae, pollen morphology, systematics, phytogeographical regions

Corresponding author: Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Hamdi, Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, E-mail: m.hamdi@iauctb.ac.ir

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No.2 (2022), pp.553-564

Serbia

UDC 575.633
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202553H
Original scientific article

MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS AND GENETIC DIVERSITY IN Hedera L. (Araliaceae) SPECIES POPULATIONS USING SEQUENCE RELATED AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHISM

Yu HAI-YAN^1,2, Zhang LI^1,2 , Luo JIAN-CHENG^1,2*

¹Henan Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources and Fermentation Technology, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473004, China
²School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473004, China

Abstract

Hai-Yan Y., Z. Li, L. Jian-Cheng (2022). Morphometric Analysis and Genetic diversity in Hedera L. (Araliaceae) species populations using sequence related amplified polymorphism. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 553-564.

In temperate latitudes across Europe, North Africa, and Asia, the genus Hedera L. colonizes forest understory and riparian vegetation. The goal of this research was to investigate SRAP (Sequence-related enhanced polymorphism) markers in overall 70 successions of Hedera types, that is comprised of three species Hedera helix L.; Hedera colchica (K.Koch) K.Koch and Hedera pastuchovii Woronow. Overall, 76 (Number of total loci) (NTL) DNA bands were created via polymerase chain reaction amplifications (PCR) amplification of three Hedera types. These bands were obtained by combining five distinct selective primers. The overall amount of amplified varied from 10 to 18. The projected impartial gene diversity (UHe) ranged from 0.013 (Hedera colchica) to 0.34 (Hedera colchica) (Hedera helix). The genetic similarity of three varieties is considered to be between 0.63 to 0.90. The clustering findings revealed two main groups. Hedera helix and Hedera colchica have the least affinity in the SRAP (Sequence-related amplified polymorphism) indicators study. Our findings revealed excellent molecular recognition of every genotypes tested, indicating that the Hedera accessions exhibit a lot of genetic variation. This discovery might be useful in breeding control techniques for genetic preservation and cultivar growth.

Key words: Genetic diversification, gene transfer; Hedera, Sequence-related enhanced polymorphis

Corresponding author: Luo Jian-Cheng, Henan Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources and Fermentation Technology, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473004, China, E-mail: nylichx66@163.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No2(2022), pp. 565-574

Serbia

UDC 575. 630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202565Y
Original scientific article

RAPD MARKER TO ASSESS GENETIC DIVERSITY and EXCHANGE GENES

IN Alcea (Malvaceae)

Juan YIN¹*and Hamed KHODAYARI²

¹Forestry College, Xinyang College of Agriculture and Forestry, Xinyang, Henan, 464000, China

²Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, 5Km Khorramabad toward Tehran, Khorramabad, Iran

Abstract

Yin J. and H. Khodayari (2022). RAPD marker to assess genetic diversity and exchange genes in Alcea (Malvaceae). - Genetika, Vol 54, No2, 565-574.

In order to comprehend the plant resources' protection and management in every setting, genetic variousness research is required. Because of the minimal number of distinguishing morphological features, for example, leaf sequence and carpel structure, Alcea includes a problematic taxonomy.34 Alcea species are reported in Iran among them, 15 species are endemic. There are no specifics. Alcea genetic variousness was studied using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). As a result, we gathered and evaluated six species from five Iranian provinces. Seventy plant samples were gathered in total. Our objectives were to 1) determine the genetic variousness of Alcea species and 2) determine the genetic variousness of Alcea species. 2) Is there a link between a species's genetic makeup and geographical location? 3) Population and taxon genetic configuration. In-plant species, we found considerable variances in quantitative morphological features. Alcea species were separated into two categories using NJ clusters and principal component analysis. The unbiased anticipated heterozygozygosity (UHe) of Alcea rhyticarpa existed in the scope of 0.12. In Alcea aucheri, knowledge of Shannon was increased (0.39). The lowest value, 0.20, was found in Alcea rhyticarpa. In the Alcea species, gene flow (Nm) was quite modest (0.33). The current findings demonstrated RAPD markers and morphometry approaches for studying genetic variousness in Alcea species.

Keywords: Alcea, gene flow, isolation, morphometry, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)

Corresponding author: Juan Yin, Forestry College, Xinyang College of Agriculture and Forestry, Xinyang, Henan, 464000, China, Email: yinjuan20210313@163.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No.2 (2022), pp. 575-587

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202575A
Original scientific paper

SPECIES IDENTIFICATION AND MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF TERUBUK FISH FROM BENGKALIS STRAIT (RIAU, INDONESIA) USING COI MITOCHONDRIAL GENE AS A BARCODING MARKER

Tuty ARISURYANTI, Syafrizal ULUM, Lukman HAKIM

Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl.

Tehnika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

Abstract

Arisuryanti T., S. Ulum, L. Hakim (2022). Species identification and molecular analysis of terubuk fish from Bengkalis strait (Riau, Indonesia) using COI mitochondrial gene as a barcoding marker. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 575-587.

Terubuk fish (Tenualosa spp.) commonly found in Bengkalis Strait is an important fishery commodity with a high economic value. However, the exploitation of the fish especially during spawning and hatching time due to the demand of the fish for consumption affects the decrease in numbers of the fish in Bengkalis Strait every year. Therefore, research on species identification and molecular analysis of the terubuk fish have to be investigated due to no genetic information can be used to make regulations and policies related to fish conservation. This research aimed to identify and examine the genetic polymorphism of terubuk fish in Bengkalis Strait using the partial COI mitochondrial gene. The method applied in this research was a PCR with primer FishF2 and FishR2. Genetic identification of the terubuk fish was analysed using nucleotide BLAST and Identification Engine through BOLD and genetic variation was evaluated using the DnaSP program. Genetic distance was examined using Kimura 2 parameter (K2P) model. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using Bayesian Inference through the BEAST program. The result revealed that all samples of terubuk fish were identified as Tenualosa macrura. The terubuk samples investigated in this study have 4 haplotypes with 6 variable sites dan 1 parsimony site. The haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity were 0.714 and 0.00353 respectively with a genetic distance of 0-0.9% (mean= 0.4%). This finding is first reported and the genetic information gained in this study is expected to be implemented for terubuk fish conservation, especially in Bengkalis Strait.

Key words: COI mitochondrial gene, genetic polymorphism, species identification, terubuk fish

Corresponding author: Tuty Arisuryanti, Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Tehnika Selatan Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. E-mail: tuty-arisuryanti@ugm.ac.id

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No. 2(2022), pp. 589-600

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202589D

Original scientific paper

ASSESSMENT OF MOLECULAR DIVERSITY AND ESTABLISHING PHENOTYPIC RELATIONSHIPS IN FEMALE AND MALE GENOTYPES OF SPINE GOURD (Momordica dioica Roxb.)

S.S. DODAKE, V.P. CHIMOTE*, P.L. KULWAL

State Level Biotechnology Centre, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri - 413 722, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Dodake S.S., V.P. Chimote, P.L. Kulwal (2022). Assessment of molecular diversity and establishing phenotypic relationships in female and male genotypes of spine gourd (Momordica dioica Roxb.). - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 589-600.

Spine gourd (Momordica dioica Roxb.) is a highly nutritious vegetable crop with dioecious reproductive nature. Forty-eight spine gourd genotypes including 32 female and 16 male genotypes were assessed for molecular divergence to establish phenotypic relationships using ISSR markers. Twenty-two out of a total of 25 ISSR primers studied yielded a total of 88 bands of which 80 bands were polymorphic, with three of them being unique in their profile. Each primer thus produced a mean of 4.0 bands per marker, with 3.64 mean polymorphic bands per marker. Fifteen primers showed 100 percent polymorphism. In the dendrogram, genotypes were distinguished from each other with a similarity range of 0.465 to 0.959. A wider range of molecular diversity detected by ISSR markers reflected the presence of a high level of genetic variation forming different 5 broad groups of clusters. The clustering pattern based on molecular variation during this investigation revealed five clusters; of which cluster three had twenty-eight (all 16 malealong with 12 female genotypes) genotypes; while cluster 4 and 5 were mono-genotypic.

Key words: cucurbit, dioecious, divergence, ISSR analysis, Spine gourd

Corresponding author: V.P. Chimote, State Level Biotechnology Centre, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri - 413 722, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India, E-mail: vpchimote@gmail.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No2(2022), pp 601-611

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202601M
Original scientific paper

EFFECTS OF VARIOUS DORMANCY BREAKING TREATMENT ON SEED GERMINATION IN Sclerorhachis Leptoclada BOISS: AN ENDANGERED MEDICINAL PLANT IN ARID AREA

Maliheh MAHMOUDI¹, Mohammad javad SEGHATOLESLAMI^*2, Gholamreza MOOSAVI², Mozhgan SABET TEIMOURI³
¹Department of Agriculture, Birjand branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran

²Agricultural, Medicinal Plant and Animal Sciences Research Center, Birjand branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran

³ResearchAcademic members, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Mahmoudi M., M. Seghatoleslami, G. Moosavi, M. S. Teimouri (2022). Effects of various dormancy breaking treatment on and seed germination in Sclerorhachis leptoclada boiss an endangered medicinal plant in arid area. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 601-611

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pre-sowing treatments and temperature on Sclerorhachis leptoclada Boiss. seed germination. The following treatments were used), hot water (soaking in water at 70^◦Cand 90^◦Cfor 5 second), Moist Chilling (Soaking in water at 2^◦C for 7,14 and 21day with the temperature gradually falling to room temperature), scarification by 0.2% potassium nitrate (soaking for 24 h and 48 h) and Gibberellic acid (GA: at concentrations of 250, 500 and 750 ppm soaking for 24 h and 48 h) and Distilled Water (control). The percentage of germination, germination rate, germination start (GS), mean germination time (MGT), and germination vigor index were determined as germination indices. Root and shoot length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and seedling dry weight were evaluated as growth factors at the end of the incubation period. Second experiment was carried out to study the effect of temperature on seed germination. It was observed that both the physical and chemical scarification methods were effective in enhancing S. leptoclada seed germination and growth. The highest germination rate, percentage of germination and germination vigor index was observed with Moist Chilling (Soaking in water at 2^◦C for 14 day), 0.2% potassium nitrate (soaking for 48h) and GA (at concentration of 250 ppm soaking for 48h) in compare with control. Also the highest growth factors were found in Moist Chilling (Soaking in water at 2^◦C for 7day) treated seeds and the lowest occurred in hot water treatments. The other results showed that higher temperature was more effective lower temperature for seed germination.

Key words: germination, pretreatment, seed dormancy, scarification, Sclerorhachis leptoclada Boiss

Corresponding author: Mohammadjavad Seghatoleslami,Agricultural, Medicinal Plant and Animal Sciences Research Center, Birjand branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran; E-mail: mjseghat@yahoo.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No.2 (2022), pp.613-624

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202613K

Original scientific paper

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF WILD CAROB (Ceratonia Siliqua L.) GENOTYPES BY SEQUENCE-RELATED AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHISM (SRAP) TECHNIQUES IN TURKEY

Hakan KELES¹, Hasan PINAR², Mustafa UNLU³, Gulce ILHAN⁴,

Mehmet Ramazan BOZHUYUK⁵, Sezai ERCISLI^4*

¹Eastern Mediterranean Forest Research Institute, Mersin, Turkey,

²Erciyes University, Department of Horticulture, Kayseri, Turkey,

³Alata Horticulture Research Institute, Mersin, Turkey,

⁴Ataturk University Agricultural Faculty Department of Horticulture 25240, Erzurum, Turkey

⁵Igdir University, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Department of Plant and Animal Production, 76000 Igdir, Turkey

Abstract

Keles H., H. Pinar, M. Unlu, G. Ilhan, M. R. Bozhuyuk, S. Ercıslı (2022). Molecular characterization of wild carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) genotypes by sequence-related amplıfıed polymorphısm (SRAP) techniques in Turkey. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 613-624.

Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) with limited widespread in Turkey is considered as secondary forest tree. In this study, molecular characterizations were made for 508 genotypes of seven different carob populations colelcted from Eagean, Western and Eastern Mediterranean regions of Turkey with the aid of sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) technique. Identification of wild carob genotypes, relativity levels and genetic variations among them were performed. Genetic similarities among 508 wild carob genotypes collected from Eagean, Western and Eastern Mediterranean regions of Turkey varied between 0.20-1.00 and there was a large variation among the genotypes. The genetic similarities among 250 wild carob genotypes collected from Aegean region varied between 0.36-1.00. The genetic similarities among 154 wild carob genotypes collected from Western Mediterranean region varied between 0.23-1.00. The genetic similarities among 102 wild carob genotypes collected from Eastern Mediterranean region varied between 0.21-1.00. Through the molecular analyses conducted with SRAP primers, besides the large variations among the entire genotypes, large variations were also observed between the genotypes of different regions. With this study, genetic variations were put forth among the wild carob genotypes naturally growing in different regions of Turkey. It was concluded based on present findings that marker system could reliably be used to put forth genetic variations among wild carob genotypes.

Key words: Carob; Ceratonia siliqua, wild carob trees, genetic characterization, SRAP marker

Corresponding author: Sezai Ercıslı, Ataturk University Agricultural Faculty Department of Horticulture 25240, Erzurum, Turkey, Tel.: +904422312599, E-mail: sercisli@gmail.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No. 2(2022), pp. 625-632

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202625N
Original scientific paper

TYPE II TOXIN- ANTITOXIN SYSTEMS IN CLINICAL ISOLATES OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANT Acinetobacter baumannii

Masoumeh NOROUZI¹, Abbas MALEKI¹, Elham ABOUALIGALEHDARI²,

Sobhan GHAFOURIAN²*

¹Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran

²Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of pramedical Sciences, Ilam University

of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran

Abstract

Norouzi M., A. Maleki, E. Aboualigalehdari, S. Ghafourian (2022). Type II toxin- antitoxin systems in clinical isolates of antibiotic resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 625-632.

The over use of antibiotics to treat infections in humans and animals made a phenomenon of the antibiotic-resistant bacteria. While studies focused to find on new antibiotics but, identification of novel antibacterial targets in bacteria is very important. By Toxin antitoxin systems this hypothesis could be done, whereas by the activation of a toxin or inactivation of an antitoxin, the raised toxin kills the bacterium. These systems are attractive target for antimicrobial therapy. However, the most important step for potency of TA system, as an antibacterial target, is to identify a TA system that is prevalent in all resistant clinical isolates. So, the prevalence of different TA systems among clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in Emam khomeini hospital, Ilam, Iran was evaluated to determine which TA system is prevalent in all antibiotic resistant A. baumannii. So, one hundred A. baumannii clinical isolates were identified during one-year period in Emam khomeini hospital, Ilam, Iran. A. baumannii clinical isolates were isolated from hospitalized patients in ICU and burn patients. All isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Then, the isolates were subjected to evaluation to find mazEF and higBA TA genes by PCR. The results showed the frequency of mazEF and highBA TA genes in all isolates was 72% and 39%, respectively. mazEF or higBA TA systems are not presented in all isolates. So, the potency of these two TA systems are in challenged.

Also, all isolates were not positive for one TA gene. So, more research in different geographical area should be done with functionality of TA genes.

Key words: Acinetobacter baumannii, antimicrobial resistance toxin antitoxin system

Corresponding author: Sobhan Ghafourian, Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. E-mail: sobhan.ghafurian@gmail.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No.2 (2022), pp. 633-648

Serbia

UDC UDC 575.630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202633P
Original scientific paper

MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF COWPEA (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) GENOTYPES

C. G. PATEL¹, P. T. PATEL², D. T. DHARAJIYA³*, A. B. PATEL¹, H. N. ZALA¹,

A. B. KHATRI¹, K. K. TIWARI³

¹Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, C. P. College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University (SDAU), Sardarkrushinagar – 385506, Gujarat, India

²Department of Seed Technology, SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar – 385506, Gujarat, India

³Bio Science Research Centre, SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar – 385506, Gujarat, India

Abstract

Patel C. G., P. T. Patel, D. T. Dharajiya, A. B. Patel, H. N. Zala, A. B. Khatri, K. K. Tiwari (2022). Morphological and molecular characterization of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. walp.) genotypes. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 633-648.

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.], is a legume and one of the most ancient crops known to man and grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Cowpea seeds have a high nutritional value containing high amount of protein (20–25%). Despite of its importance, the utilization of genetic diversity and germplasm characterization in cowpea breeding program has not been fully exploited. Therefore, twelve morphological characters and six polymorphic microsatellite/simple sequence repeat (SSRs) markers were used to analyze genetic diversity in thirty-eight cowpea genotypes. The dendrogram was constructed using UPGMA algorithm and Gower’s dissimilarity values (ranged from 0.0601 to 0.5589) derived from twelve morphological characters. It was grouped in seven clusters showing the most diverse genotypes were CGD 1246 and CGD 1311 (Gower’s distance: 0.5589) and the most similar genotypes were GC 1501 and GC 1601 (Gower’s distance: 0.0601). In molecular characterization, a total of 14 amplicons were detected with a ranged from two to three with an average 2.33 alleles per loci. The mean values of polymorphic information content (PIC) and heterozygosity was 0.319 and 0.399, respectively which are measures of the efficiency of markers for studying polymorphism level available in the cowpea genotypes. Total 224 amplicons were considered for to derive Jaccard’s similarity matrix for the construction of dendrogram (having six clusters) and 2-D PCA (Principal Component Analysis) plot. The morphological characters and SSR markers can be used in diversity analysis and characterization of cowpea genotypes. The per se performing genotypes for individual character can be exploited in population/genotype development of cowpea for the improvement of that particular character. This will provide information to plant breeders for selection of parents to develop populations in cowpea breeding programs.

Key words: Cowpea, genetic diversity, germplasm characterization, microsatellite markers, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.,

Corresponding author: D. T. Dharajiya,Bio Science Research Centre, SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar – 385506, Gujarat, India, E-mail: darshanbiotech1@gmail.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No. 2(2022), pp. 649-682

Serbia

UDC 575.633
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202649P
Original scientific paper

THE EFFECT OF YEAR AND GENOTYPE ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY

OF POTATO

Dobrivoj POŠTIĆ¹, Addie WAXMAN², Zoran BROĆIĆ³, Nenad ĐURIĆ⁴, Ratibor ŠTRBANOVIĆ¹, Aleksandra STANOJKOVIĆ-SEBIĆ⁵, Rade STANISAVLJEVIĆ¹

¹Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, Belgrade, Serbia

²McCain Foods, Meridian, Idaho, USA

³Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia

⁴Institute for Vegetable Crops, Smederevska Palanka, Serbia

⁵Institute for Soil, Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract

Poštić D., A. Waxman, Z. Broćić, N. Đurić, R. Štrbanović, A. Stanojković-Sebić, R. Stanisavljević (2022). The effect of year and genotype on productivity and quality of potato. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 649-682.

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is characterized by specific temperature requirements and develops best at about 20°C. High temperatures during the growing season cause an array of changes in potato plants, which affect its development and may lead to a drastic reduction in economic yield. Under natural conditions, drought and heat stress are two different types of abiotic stresses that occur in the field simultaneously or separately, especially in conditions without irrigation in potato production. This study aimed to examine the productivity of nine potato varieties in agro-ecological conditions of western Serbia and to find the genotypes that will give satisfactory and high yields. The field experiment was carried out with varieties: Cleopatra, Anuschka, Presto, Kuroda, Omega, Dita, Desiree, Roko and Jelly. The impact year and genotype on potato plants were tested during a four-year period (2010-2013). The final harvest was performed after the full maturity of plants in September. Our studies confirmed that potato marketable yield and total yield are greatly reduced at temperatures higher than optimal and deficit precipitation during the growing season. Here we demonstrated that the tested potato cultivar’s response to heat stress and drought in the growing season is dependent on the longer the adverse effects and the growth stage. The earlier a heat and drought occurs, the more negative the impact on the growth and productive traits of potatoes. The results obtained in this study indicate that among the tested cultivars Cleopatra was the most tolerant to heat and drought stress acting on the plants during the growing season. Our research shows that the total yield was not the only indicator of potato tolerance to abiotic stress during the growing season, but the assessment should also take into account the occurrence of secondary tuberization and physiological defects of tubers. These studies confirm that Cleopatra had the largest share (82%) of market tubers in relation to the total yield and to have the best predisposition for the highest economic yield of tubers. Our experiment showed that heat and drought tolerant potato cultivars could be used to mitigate the effects of global warming in Serbia and wider Western Balkans regions.

Key words: Drought, high temperature, tuber, yield

Corresponding author: Dobrivoj Poštić, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, Teodora Drajzera 9, Belgrade, Serbia, phone: +381 11 2660-049; Fax: +381 11 2669-860; E-mail:pdobrivoj@yahoo.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No2 (2022), pp677-688

Serbia

UDC 575. 630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202677R
Original scientific paper

POPULATION GENETIC STUDY IN Epilobium minutiflorum (Onagraceae) IN IRAN

Sedigheh RAHIMI¹, Masoud SHEIDAI¹*, Ahmad Reza MEHRABIAN¹, Fahimeh KOOHDAR¹

¹Faculty of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shahid Behesh University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Rahimi S., M. Sheidai, A. R. Mehrabian, F. Koohdar (2022). Population genetic study in Epilobium minutiflorum (Onagraceae) in Iran. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 677-688.

The genus Epilobium has about 200 species in which taxonomic subdivisions are difficult but possible. Species E. minutiflorum due to its fluffy white inflorescence and small miniature flowers and beaked seeds, it is one of the most prominent species of the genus Epilobium in the region. We have no data on the population genetic structure of this species in the Iran.Therefore a population genetic and morphological investigation was performed through light on genetic and morphological variability in this taxa.We used SCoT molecular markers for population genetic investigation.Genetic diversity analyses revealed a moderate genetic variability between E. minutiflorum populations, while PCoA showed some degree of genetic admixture among populations. AMOVA produced significant genetic difference among populations. Morphometric analysis showed that high degree of overlap among the studied populations. However,the results showed that SCoT marker has a good discrimination power and can differentiate the studied populations. This marker can be used to evaluate genetic diversity and identify genotypes of E. minutiflorum populations.

Key words: Epilobium, Iran, morphological, SCoT, UPGMA

Corresponding author: Masoud Sheidai, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, E-mail:msheidai@yahoo.com,Tel:+989122593378

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No. 2(2022), pp. 689-704

Serbia

UDC 575.630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202689T
Original scientific paper

DIVERSITY OF THE GENUS Rosa POMOLOGICAL TRAITS IN ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF CONTINENTAL CROATIA

Nikola TOMLJENOVIĆ¹, Tomislav JEMRIĆ², Marko VUKOVIĆ²

¹Agriculture school Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

²University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Division of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Department of Pomology, Zagreb, Croatia

Abstract

Tomljenović N., T. Jemrić, M. Vuković (2022). Diversity of the genus Rosa pomological traits in ecological conditions of continental Croatia. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 689-704.

Rosaceae family is characterized by the large number of genus and species which are of great importance for horticulture. The main goal of this research was to analyze pomological traits in order to determine biodiversity existence between five genotypes (G) of genus Rosa belonging to four different taxons (G1 - Rosa canina L., G2 - Rosa corymbifera Borkh., G3 - Rosa canina L. var. squarrosa A. Rau Rosa squarrosa (A. Rau) Boreau, G4 - Rosa subcanina (Christ.) Vuk., G5 - Rosa corymbifera Borkh) in continental part of Croatia during two years. Genotype had significant effect on all pomological traits, while year and interaction between year and genotype affected the majority of pomological traits. Multivariate discriminant analysis successfully explained 77.48% of total variability. It achieved separation of genotypes G5 and G1 from genotypes G2 and G4 using canonical axis 1 (Can1) (46.74% of total variability mostly influenced fruit length, width, volume, surface, and shape index). Likewise, genotype G2 was separated from genotype G3 by the Can2 axis (30.74% of total variability mostly influenced by fruit mass). Since genotypes G2 and G5 were of the same species (Rosa corymbifera), their separation by Can1 axis indicates notable effect of ecological factors on pomological traits, which was not the case for Rosa canina genotypes (G1 and G3) where no separation occurred, indicating major effect of hereditary factors on studied pomological traits on this species.

Key words: biodiversity, ecology, genetics, pomology, Rosa spp

Corresponding author: Marko Vuković, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Division of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Department of Pomology, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, e-mail: mvukovic@agr.hr

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No.2(2022), pp. 705-715

Serbia

UDC 575.630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202705A

Original scientific paper

COMPARING INOCULATION METHODS FOR In vitro EVALUATION

OF RESISTANCE TO BLACKLEG DISEASE IN POTATO CULTIVARS

Sima AZADMANESH¹, Javad MOZAFARI^2*, Nader HASANZADEH¹,

Cobra MOSLEMKHANI³

¹Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

²National Gene Bank of Iran, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Sh. Fahmideh BLVD, Karaj, Iran

³Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute. Agricultural Research, education and Extension Organization (AREEO). Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Azadmanesh S., J. Mozafari, N. Hasanzadeh, C. Moslemkhani (2022). Comparing inoculation methods for in vitro evaluation of resistance to blackleg disease in potato cultivars. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 705-715.

To find the best inoculation method for evaluation of the resistance in potato genotypes against bacterial blackleg caused by Pectobacterium atrosepticum under in vitro conditions, five inoculation methods were compared. In vitro grown explants of five potato genotypes were inoculated with different inoculation methods, then placed on MS solid medium and incubated at 23˚C with 70% relative humidity under the light regime of 16 hours a day. After the appearance of symptoms, the efficiency of inoculation methods was then recorded based on the severity of disease symptoms in potato genotypes: Farmosa, Agria, Picaso, Marfona and a wild potato genotype ‘Solanum phureja'. Plantlets inoculated by piercing the crown with sterile toothpick inoculated in bacterial suspension of 10⁸ cfu/ml showed the most severe symptoms. Based on all experiments, cultivar Marfona showed higher resistance among all cultivars and, cultivar Agria was the most susceptible. Finally, after witnessing the reactions of different varieties to inoculation methods and comparing them with previous evaluations of resistance in greenhouse conditions, the crown treatment employing sterile toothpick after infection in 10⁸ cfu/ml bacterial suspension was selected and introduced as the best evaluation method of in vitro potato explants against blackleg.

Key words: bacteria, blackleg, disease resistance, in vitro evaluation, potato

Corresponding author: Javad Mozafari, National Gene Bank of Iran, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Sh. Fahmideh BLVD, Karaj, Iran, Tel: 09123763457, E-mail: jmozafar@yahoo.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No. 2(2022), pp. 717-728

Serbia

UDC 575.630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202717T

Original scientific paper

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF MUTANT LINES OF AYVALIK OLIVE CULTIVAR OBTAINED BY CHEMICAL MUTATION

Ali TEKİN¹^*, Ziya DUMLUPINAR², Adem BARDAK²

¹Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry East Mediterranean Transitional Zone Agricultural Research of Institute, Kahramanmaras, Turkey

²Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey

Abstract

Tekin A., Z. Dumlupinar, A. Bardak (2022). Molecular characterization of mutant lines of Ayvalik olive cultivar obtained by chemical mutation. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 717-734.

This research was carried out with the aim to detect the mutagenic effect of three different doses (15, 20 and 25 mM) of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate on the Ayvalık olive cultivar (Olea europaea L.), to detect the variation and to identify whether individuals are genetically different from Ayvalık olive cultivar using molecular marker technologies. 23 mutant lines were screened using 28 SSR markers and a total of 138 alleles were detected and the number of alleles per primer ranged from 2 to 9 with an average of 4.9 alleles per primer. The polymorphism information content (PIC) value was changed between 0.4-0.98. The genetic similarity between Ayvalık olive cultivar and mutant lines was found between 5.5% and 78%. The mutant lines 15mM-12, 15mM-11 and 25mM-3 were found similar to Ayvalık cultivars at the rate of 78, 63 and 55%, respectively. Whereas, 20mM-5, 15mM-4 and 15mM-15 mutant lines were found distant to Ayvalık cultivar at the rate of 5.5, 5.6 and 8% genetic similarity, respectively. Ethyl Methane Sulphonate was successfully used in this study to extend the genetic diversity of the Ayvalık olive cultivar. Mutants might be screened for agricultural and quality traits and promising lines might be registered.

Key words: Chemical mutation, ethyl methane sulphonate, olive, olive tree, SSR marker

Corresponding author: Ali Tekin, Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry East Mediterranean Transitional Zone Agricultural Research of Institute, Kahramanmaras, Turkey, phone: +90 531 920 8918, E-mail: a.tekin@tarimorman.gov.tr

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No. 2(2022), pp. 729-747

Serbia

UDC 575.630

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202729S
Original scientific paper

YIELD AND TASTE RELATED COMPONENTS VARIATION IN NEW SUPERIOR BRED STRAWBERRY GENOTYPES AND COMMERCIAL CULTIVARS DURING THE WIDE HARVEST SEASON

Mehmet Ali SARIDAŞ, Erdal AĞÇAM, Furkan Cihad AKBAŞ, Gülşah Selcen

KESKİNASLAN, Rojbin KAMAR, Bekir SAFKAN, Sevgi PAYDAS KARGI

¹ Department of Horticulture, University of Cukurova, Balcali/Adana 01330, Turkey

² Department of Food Engineering, University of Cukurova, Balcali/Adana 01330, Turkey

Abstract

Saridaş A. M., E. Ağçam, F. C. Akbaş, G. S.Keskinaslan, R. Kamar, B. Safkan, S. P. Kargi (2022). Yield and taste related components variation in new superior bred strawberry genotypes and commercial cultivars during the wide harvest season.- Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 729-747.

As a result of the hybridization of ‘Sevgi’ and ‘Kaşka’ cultivars with ‘Fortuna’ cultivar, which are bred within Cukurova University, superior characteristic strawberry genotypes with codes of ‘33’, ‘36’ and ‘61’ were selected. In this study, these genotypes and three cultivars commonly grown in the Mediterranean region were compared in terms of yield, fruit size and taste determining parameters (sugar and organic acids) at different harvest date monthly under Mediterranean climate condition. The highest yield was measured generally in April, while the genotype-dependent yield varied between 628.9 g / plant (‘36’) and 951.5 g / plant (‘Fortuna’). Besides, average fruit weight varied (6.8 - 23.9 g) during the season depending on the harvest date and genotype. The sucrose content varied between 0.06 g / 100 g and 4.83 g / 100 g, while the ascorbic acid content showed huge variation depending on the harvest date and genotype with 1.5 mg kg and 393.8 mg/kg values. Generally, the 33-advanced selection attracted attention with its relatively high yield, glucose, fructose, and ascorbic acid content. As a result, genotype and environmental conditions are quite determinant in terms of observed parameters in strawberry cultivation. Furthermore, biotechnological methods could be utilized to shorten breeding time in classical crossbreeds to improve the deficiencies of these genotypes.

Key words: Crossbreeding, eating quality, Fragaria × ananassa, individual sugars, organic acids

Corresponding author: Mehmet Ali Saridaş, Department of Horticulture, University of Cukurova, Balcali/Adana 01330, Turkey, E-mail: masaridas@cu.edu.tr, phone: +90 505 258 81 86

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No. 2(2022), pp.749-759

S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202749R
Original scientific paper

INFLUENCE OF BIRTH TYPE ON BODY WEIGHT OF LAMBS FROM BIRTH

TO WEANING IN VARIOUS STRAINS OF SHEEP PRAMENKA

Bojana RISTANOVIĆ¹, Zoran ILIĆ², Violeta CARO PETROVIĆ³, Vukašin STEFANOVIĆ², Irina Nikolaevna SICHEVA⁴^,Nataša PEROVIĆ⁵

¹Faculty of Agriculture - Krusevac, University of Nis, Krusevac, Serbia

²Faculty of Agriculture, University of Pristina, Lesak, Serbia

³Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade, Serbia

⁴ Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow 127550, Russia

⁵Faculty for business economics and law - “Adriatik” University Bar, Bar, Montenegro

Abstract

Ristanović B., Z. Ilić, V. Caro Petrović, V. Stefanović, I. Nikolaevna Sicheva,N. Perović (2022). Influence of birth type on body weight of lambs from birth to weaning in various strains of sheep Pramenka. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 749-759.

The dynamics of increasing of bodyweight of lambs is conditioned by genetic factors, environmental factors and their interaction. The aim of this work was study variability of bodyweight of lambs related to type of birth of lambs in sheep genotype of four different strains of pramenka type and four growth stage: at the birth time, at the 30, 60 and 90 days of age after birth. For this investigation used lambs of four strains (Svrljiški, Pirotski, Sjeniĉki, Šarplaninski) of sheep type Pramenka (450 lambs per strain) for study dinamics of bodyweight at the time of birth, 30, 60 and 90 days after birth during three years of experiment (2011-2013). The results showed that the bodyweight of lambs born singles was higher than bodyweight of lambs born twins in studied four sheep genotypes i.e. Pirotski (4.00 kg : 3.40 kg), Svrljiški (3.90 kg : 3.79 kg), Sjeniĉki (3.73 kg : 3.61 kg), Šarplaninski (3.81 kg : 3.74 kg). The differences of bodyweight between lambs born singles and twins was significant for genotypes Pirot pramenka and Svrljig pramenka, on the level of significance for Sjenica pramenka and was not significant in Šarplanina pramenka. At the age of 30 days, the influence of birth type on the bodyweight of lambs was not statistically significant in any of the examined strains. The difference of bodyweight between singles and twins was statistically significant at the 60 days old of lambs in Svrljig pramenka and in lambs at 90 days old of Svrljig pramenka. On the base of results is established that type of born associated with significant differences of bodyweight at the birht time expressed later at the 60 and 90 day old lambs.

Key words: body weight, Pramenka sheep, type of birth

Corresponding author: Bojana Ristanović, University of Niš, Faculty of Agriculture - Kruševac, Kosanciceva 7, 37000 Krusevac, Serbia. Е-mail: bojana.ristanovic@yahoo.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No. 2(2022), pp761-776

S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

UDC 575.633.11
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202761K
Original scientific paper

GENETIC VARIABILITY, HERITABILITY AND INTERRELATIONSHIP IN SALT-TOLERANT LINES OF T. AMAN RICE

Ummy KULSUM, Umakanta SARKER* and Md. Golam RASUL

Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

^a:Department of Field Crops, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioglu Campus Area, Çanakkale, Turkey

^b:Department of Plant Production and Animal Husbandry, Lapseki Vocational College, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Lapseki Campus Area, Çanakkale, Turkey

*: Developed from Fikri Bayindir’s MSc. thesis

Abstract

Kulsum U., U. Sarker, Md. G. Rasul (2022). Genetic variability, heritability and interrelationship in salt-tolerant lines of T. Aman rice. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 761-776.

Twenty salt-tolerant breeding lines of T. Aman rice were studied under field conditions at the experimental farm of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Bangladesh. The experiment was conducted following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications to estimate the genetic variations in yield and yield-related traits, and their interrelationship and to assess the direct and indirect effects of different yield-related traits on grain yield for the selection of high-yielding T. Aman rice. Twelve characters viz., days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), tillers per hill, panicles per hill, flag leaf length (cm), panicle length (cm), panicle weight (g), filled grains per panicle, spikelet fertility percentage, 100-grain weight (g) and grain yield per m² (kg) were studied. The genotypes differed significantly for all the traits studied indicating the wide range of variations existed across the genotypes. The analysis of variance of all characters studied was highly significant that revealed a wide range of variability among the newly developed 20 salt-tolerant genotypes of T. Aman rice. The genotypes BU1, BU4, BU6, BU7, and BU14 had high grain yields and could be directly selected as high-yielding varieties. Based on all genetic parameters, all the traits could significantly improve the grain yield of salt-tolerant lines of T. Aman rice. The correlation coefficient revealed that the genotype selected based on days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), panicles per hill, flag leaf length (cm), panicle weight (g), filled grains per panicle, and spikelet fertility (%) and 100-grain weight directly would significantly contribute to grain yield of 20 salt-tolerant genotypes of T. Aman rice. However, considering the genotypic correlations and path coefficients, direct selection on the basis of panicles per hill, panicle weight, plant height, flag leaf length, filled grains per panicle, spikelet fertility (%), days to flowering, and days to maturity would significantly improve the grain yield of salt-tolerant T. Aman rice genotypes.

Key words: Grain yield, mean performance, path coefficient, salt-tolerant ric,e yield-related traits

Corresponding author: Umakanta Sarker, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture,Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University,Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh, Postal Code 1706. Phone: +880-1716606098, E-mail address: umakanta@bsmrau.edu.bd

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No. 2(2022), pp. 777-786

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202777M
Original scientific paper

ANALYSIS OF COL1A1 AND MMP9 SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS

IN MANDIBULAR PROGNATHISM

Olga MILOSEVIC¹, Nadja NIKOLIC², Jelena CARKIC², Nemanja MAJSTOROVIĆ¹,

Branislav GLISIC¹, Jelena MILASIN^2*

¹University of Belgrade, School of Dental Medicine, Clinic for Orthodontics, Belgrade, Serbia

²University of Belgrade, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract

Milosevic O., N. Nikolic, J. Carkic, N. Majstorović, B. Glisic, J. Milasin (2022). Analysis of COL1A1 and MMP9 single nucleotide polymorphisms in mandibular prognathism. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 777-786.

Mandibular prognathism (MP) belongs to malocclusions of skeletal Class III and is characterized by overgrowth of the lower jaw with or without undergrowth of the upper jaw. MP etiology is multifactorial, including both environmental and genetic factors. It is conceivable that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes controlling craniofacial development might contribute to MP. The aim of the present study was to establish a potential association between COL1A1 -1997 G>T (rs1107946) and MMP9 -1562 C>T (rs3918242) SNPs and MP in Serbian population. This case-control study included 120 participants: 60 patients with MP and 60 controls with skeletal Class I. The two SNPs were analyzed by means of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The association of gene variants with MP risk was determined by calculating odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI).There was no difference in SNPs allele frequencies, and no difference could be observed in MMP9 -1562 C>T genotypes distribution between cases and controls. However, the TT genotype of COL1A1-1997 G/T (rs1107946) polymorphism was associated with a two-fold increase of mandibular prognathism risk, though with a borderline statistical significance (OR 2.32, CI 0.97-5.53, p=0.055). COL1A1-1997 G/T (rs1107946) appears to be implicated in Class III mandibular prognathism while MMP9 -1562 C/T (rs3918242) does not seem to be a risk factor for the development of this type of craniofacial anomaly.

Key words: COL1A1, MMP9, mandibular prognathism, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism

Corresponding author: Jelena Milasin, University of Belgrade, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, Dr Subotića 8, Belgrade, Serbia, phone: +38111 2685288, E-mail: jelena.milasin@stomf.bg.ac.rs

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No. 2(2022), pp. 787-800

Serbia

UDC 575.630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202787J
Original scientific paper

INTER- AND INTRASPECIFIC VARIABILITY OF Quercus cerris L.

AND Quercus frainneto Ten. IN THE ŠUMADIJA REGION (SERBIA) BASED

ON LEAF GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS

Marija JOVANOVIĆ¹*, Jelena MILOVANOVIĆ¹, Marina NONIĆ²,

Mirjana ŠIJAČIĆ-NIKOLIĆ²

¹Singidunum University – Environment and Sustainable Development, Belgrade, Serbia

² University of Belgrade – Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract

Jovanović M., J. Milovanović, M. Nonić, M. Šijačić-Nikolić (2022). Inter- and intraspecific variability of Quercus cerris L. and Quercus frainneto Ten. in the Šumadija region (Serbia) based on leaf geometric morphometrics. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 787-800.

In this study, we used leaf geometric morphometrics to quantify the differences among Quercus cerris L. and Quercus frainetto Ten. and their populations in the Šumadija region in Serbia. We sampled 2200 leaves from eight populations and on each leaf recorded 13 landmarks. To analyze how leaf morphology varies across species and populations, we used Procrustes ANOVA, a two-block partial least-squares analysis, a principal component analysis and a canonical variate analysis. The results showed a clear discrimination between species, followed by different levels of leaf shape variability in Q. cerris and Q. frainetto. The leaves of Q. cerris displayed higher levels of variability and higher differences among populations compared to Q. frainetto. The patterns of population grouping in the two species greatly differed, indicating that in these species different factors contribute to intraspecific variability. This study provides preliminary results of the leaf morphometric variability of oak species in the Šumadija region in Serbia. Future studies should include genetic and environmental analyses to understand the origins of phenotypic differences between species and populations, and to fully recognize which factors mostly determine relationships between taxa.

Key words: morphometric variability, Turkey oak, Hungarian oak, leaf morphometrics, geometric morphometrics

Corresponding author: Marija Jovanović, Singidunum University – Environment and Sustainable Development, Danijelova 32, Belgrade, Serbia. E-mail: marija.jovanovic.202@singimail.rs, telephone: +381 64 1154298

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No. 2(2022), pp. 801-816

Serbia

UDC575.630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202801A
Original scientific article

DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF HYBRIDS RESISTANT TO LATE BLIGHT AND LEAF CURL VIRUS DISEASES IN TOMATO

Healy ARORA, S.K. JINDAL, Abhishek SHARMA, Rupeet GILL, N CHAWLA

Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India-141004

Abstract

Arora H., S.K. Jindal, A. Sharma, R. Gill, N Chawla (2022). Development and evaluation of hybrids resistant to late blight and leaf curl virus diseases in tomato. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 801-816.

The current study in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) was conducted at PAU, Ludhiana with the objective of developing hybrids possessing combined resistance to late blight and leaf curl virus diseases along with desirable horticultural characteristics. The experimental material which included 32 F₁hybrids (developed by line × tester method), 12 parental lines (8 lines and 4 testers; including susceptible check Punjab Chhuhara) and standard check NS-524 were all planted in randomized complete block design with three replications. The values of σ²SCA/σ²GCA were more than unity for all the traits except average fruit weight and ascorbic acid content, indicating the predominance of non-additive gene effects. Cross combinations CLN-154 × LBR-12 and CLN-154 × LBR-21 recorded significant heterosis over better parent and check for fruit yield and other quality characteristics. Artificial and natural screening was performed for all the experimental material against late blight and leaf curl virus diseases respectively. Out of 32 hybrids, crosses namely CLN-154× LBR-12, CLN-154 × LBR-21, PVB-1 × LBR-10, PVB-4 × LBR-12 and CLN-104 × LBR-10 were identified for combined disease resistance against late blight and leaf curl virus, in relation to desirable horticultural characteristics particularly fruit yield, average fruit weight, pericarp thickness, dry matter, titrable acidity and ascorbic acid content with fair amount of heterosis. Hence, the hybrids which displayed good potential in yield with acceptable performance of qualitative traits, along with combined disease resistance could be utilized for commercial exploitation.

Key words: heterosis, Late blight, Leaf curl virus, screening, tomato

Corresponding author: SK Jindal, Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, India, email: saleshjindal@pau.edu

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No2(2022), pp.817-828

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202817O
Original scientific paper

GDNF rs2910702, rs3096140, and rs3812047 POLYMORPHISMS IN OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER: PRELIMINARY STUDY

Seda ORENAY-BOYACIOGLU¹, Metin CALISKAN², AyseDONDU³

¹Department of Medical Genetics Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey

²Department of Medical Biology Faculty of Medicine, Usak University, Usak, Turkey

³Department of Psychiatry, Aydın Goverment Hospital, Aydin Turkey

Abstract

Orenay-Boyacioglu S., M. Caliskan, A.Dondu (2022). GDNF rs2910702, rs3096140, and rs3812047 polymorphisms in obsessive compulsive disorder: preliminary study. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 817-828.

The neurobiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is evidenced by a strong demonstration of malfunctions in the serotonergic and dopaminergic system. Recently, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) gene polymorphisms have been emphasized in psychiatric diseases and treatment strategies that have been tried to be developed in this regard. In the literature, there are several studies investigating the relationship between GDNF gene polymorphisms and psychiatric diseases excluding OCD. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the symptomatology and GDNF gene polymorphisms in early and late-onset OCD patients. For this purpose, patients diagnosed with OCD according to DSM-V diagnostic criteria in structured clinical interviews were grouped as early and late-onset based on the age of initiation. DNA was isolated from blood samples collected from 140 subjects (70 OCD and 70 healthy controls) in EDTA tubes, and rs2910702, rs3096140, and rs3812047 polymorphisms in GDNF gene were examined by Real-Time PCR. No significant correlation was detected between GDNF and the rs2910702, rs3096140, and rs3812047 polymorphisms in early and late-onset OCD subjects (P>0.05). Failure to detect correlations between OCD and GDNF gene polymorphisms might be due to the variable expression pattern of the GDNF gene in different tissues and pathologies. Therefore, future studies might be improved by including a larger group of patients and examining a wider range of tissues for the expression pattern of GDNF.

Key words: early-onset, GDNF gene, late-onset, Obsessive-compulsive disorder, single nucleotide polymorphism

Corresponding author: Seda Orenay-Boyacioglu, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey, Tel: +90 539 277 7679, Fax: +90 256 2146495, E-mail: sorenay@adu.edu.tr

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No. 2(2022), pp. 829-840

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202829V
Original scientific paper

ASSESSMENT OF PEPPER GENETIC RESOURCES FOR VERTICILLIUM WILT RESISTANCE

Katya VASILEVA* and Velichka TODOROVA

Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Academy, Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Abstract

Vasileva K. and V. Todorova (2022). Assessment of pepper genetic resources for verticillium wilt resistance. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 829-840.

Study was carried out for determining the reaction of 83 peppers varieties, breeding lines, and local forms /landraces/ to fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae Kleb. as they are the part of the Balkan Capsicum core collection which was deeply phenotyped in the recent years. The development of the disease was reported twice and high degree of resistance was reported for 41 accessions. The highest percentage of highly resistant group of genotypes was 72%, followed by resistant group with 23%. The infestation in the groups of medium sensitive, sensitive and highly sensitive was respectively 1%, 3%, and 1%. The highly sensitive (0 - 19%), sensitive (20 - 39%) and medium sensitive (40 - 59%) are consisted by the var. blocky, var. ratundum and var. kapia accessions. The group of resistant (60 - 79%) was dominated by var. ratundum and var. blocky. Materials from var. kapia prevail of highly resistant (80 - 100%). The group of pungent peppers accessions was more resistant to Verticillium infestation. On the base of current and previous results may concluded that four accessions were identified as resistant to TMV and non-infested by Verticillium while two ones possessed low infestation by green aphids, trips and cotton bollworm and non-attacked by Verticillium. Other seven genotypes combined lack of infestation by Verticillium wilt with high levels of three and more agronomic and biochemical traits.

Key words: Capsicum, V. dahliae Kleb, index of attack, disease, soil-borne, varietal type.

Corresponding author: Katya Vasileva, Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Academy, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, E-mail:kkvasileva@abv.bg

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No. 2(2022), pp 841-856

Serbia

UDC 575.630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202841P
Original scientific paper

GENETIC STRUCTURE OF SESSIL OAK (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl) FROM

THE AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY “AVALA“

Vladan POPOVIĆ¹, Vanja DANIČIĆ², Jelena MILOVANOVIĆ³, Aleksandar LUČIĆ¹,

Ljubinko RAKONJAC¹, Snežana MLADENOVIĆ DRINIĆ⁴, Danijela RISTIĆ⁴

¹Institute of Forestry, Belgrade

²Faculty of Forestry, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka

³Environment and Sustainable Development, Singidunum University, Belgrade

⁴Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Belgrade

Abstract

Popović V., V. Daničić, J. Milovanović, A. Lučić, Lj. Rakonjac, S. Mladenović Drinić, D. Ristić (2022). Genetic structure of sessil oak (Quercus petraea (matt.) liebl) from the area of outstanding natural beauty “Avala“. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 841-856.

The paper presents the results of the genetic diversity analysis of Sessile oak populations from the area of outstanding natural beauty (AONB) "Avala" which were obtained using SSR markers. Genomic DNA was isolated from leaf tissue of 50 test trees from two populations. Genotyping was performed using microsatellite markers QpZAG110, QpZAG15, QpZAG1/2, QpZAG3/64, QpZAG36, QpZAG1/5, and QrZAG108. All loci were polymorphic with the high mean value of PIC (0.934). The total number of alleles determined in the studied population was 127. The range of alleles varies from 15 (QpZAG1/5, QpZAG1/2) to 23 (QpZAG110) with an average of 18.14 alleles per locus. The number of effective alleles ranges from 8.273 (QpZAG1/5) to 13.830 (QrZAG108). The mean value of the gene flow (Nm) was 8.522 with a range from 5.548 to 14.876. Overall genetic diversity was high (He = 0.909) and ranged from 0.879 to 0.928. Due to the excess of homozygotes observed at most loci, a significant inbreeding coefficient was detected (Fis = 0.796). The Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) confirmed that genetic diversity was more pronounced within populations (77.5%) than between them (1.6%). The average allele frequency (Q) of the studied populations shows that the individuals originate from two or more populations. The obtained results can be used for the adoption of appropriate plans for the management of protected natural resources and the management of this ecologically and economically important tree species. Also, the obtained results enable the adoption of the necessary measures for the conservation of sessile oak genetic resources by in-situ and ex-situ methods. Based on the research results, the use of this important species can be recommended for its reintroduction in optimal microclimatic conditions, as well as in the selection of the best individuals for the reintroduction.

Key words: differentiation, population, SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) markers

Corresponding author: Danijela Ristić, Laboratory for molecular genetics and physiology, Maize Research Institute „Zemun Polje“, Slobodana Bajića 1, Zemun Polje, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia. E-mail: dristic@mrizp.rs

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No.2(2022), pp. 857-870

UDC 575.630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202857H
Original scientific paper

GENETIC PARAMETERS AND ESTIMATED BREEDING VALUES

OF BLACKBERRY PARENTS UNDER A WARM ENVIRONMENT

Aurelio HERNÁNDEZ-BAUTISTA^1,*, Ricardo LOBATO-ORTIZ¹, Mario ROCANDIO-RODRIGUEZ², Martha HERNÁNDEZ-RODRIGUEZ¹, Ana Lidia HERNÁNDEZ-BAUTISTA³, Geremias RODRÍGUEZ-BAUTISTA⁴, Enrique HERNANDEZ-LEAL⁵,

Edgardo BAUTISTA-RAMÍREZ⁶

¹Program of genetic resources and productivity, Program of genetics, Graduate college, Carr. Mexico- Texcoco Km. 36.5, 56230 Texcoco City, State of Mexico, Mexico

²Institute of Applied Ecology, Autonomous University of Tamaulipas, Victoria City, Tamaulipas State, Mexico

³Mexico Gulf University, North Campus, Martínez de la Torre, Veracruz State, Mexico

⁴University Center Of The South Coast, University of Guadalajara, Autlán, Jalisco, México

⁵Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Centro de Investigación Regional Norte Centro (CIRNOC), Matamoros, Coahuila, México

⁶INIFAP-Campo experimental Centro Altos de Jalisco, Tepatitlan de Morelos, Jalisco, Mexico

Abstract

Hernández-Bautista A., R. Lobato-Ortiz, M. Rocandio-Rodriguez, M. Hernández-Rodriguez, A. L. Hernández-Bautista, G. Rodríguez-Bautista, E. Hernandez-Leal, E. Bautista-Ramírez (2022). Genetic parameters and estimated breeding values of blackberry parents under a warm environment. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 857-870.

In blackberry, the identification of the best plants is usually based on the phenotypic value. However, the phenotypic value of complex traits is not always a reliable parameter that allows the maximum genetic gain per cycle of selection. The present study aimed to explore the breeding potential of thirteen blackberry parents based on their breeding values, and estimate genetic parameters of important traits in blackberry breeding. A total of fourteen crosses (sib-full families) were obtained from crossing thirteen blackberry genotypes. According to the mixed model 2, the heritability estimations ranged from 0.14 to 0.93. The highest heritability (h² > 0.9) was found in days to the first pick and harvest interval, while the lowest one (h² < 0.2) in berry weight. The genotypes ‘Chickasaw’, ‘S3’, ‘Choctaw’, ‘Tupy’, and ‘S5’ exhibited simultaneously positive breeding values for yield, and berry weight, whereas ‘Natchez’, ‘S1’, and ‘S6’ for earliness and harvest interval. For soluble solids content, ‘S6’, ‘S3’, and ‘Kiowa’ had the best breeding values. Based on our results, the germplasm used in the study has additive effects with high commercial value that could be used in the blackberry programs.

Key words: Blackberry breeding, Earliness, Heritability, Rubus spp; Yield

Corresponding author: Aurelio Hernández-Bautista, Colegio de Postgraduados, Postgrado de Recursos Genéticos y Productividad-Genética, .Km. 36.5 Carr. México-Texcoco, 56230, Texcoco City, State of México, México, Cellphone: +52 55 64 01 79 15, E-mail address hernanez.aurelio@colpos.mx, aureliohb@hotmail.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No.2(2022), pp. 871-885

Serbia

UDC 575.633.15
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202871B
Original scientific paper

STUDY OF MAIZE YIELD STABILITY WITH NONPARAMETRIC METHODS

Dragana BRANKOVIĆ-RADOJČIĆ*, Marija MILIVOJEVIĆ, Tanja PETROVIĆ,

Snežana JOVANOVIĆ, Aleksandar POPOVIĆ, Snežana GOŠIĆ DONDO, Jelena SRDIĆ

Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract

Branković-Radojčić D., M. Milivojević, T. Petrović,S. Jovanović, A. Popović, S. Gošić Dondo, J. Srdić (2022). Study of maize yield stability with nonparametric methods. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 871-885.

High and stabile yield in different production environments is priority in maize breeding. New statistical methods are constantly being sought to accompany analysis of variance, in order to achieve more reliable hybrid assessment. In this study nonparametric stability analysis is applied in order to assess GxE interaction for yield of 36 commercial maize hybrids. The experiment was set up at five locations in Serbia for three years according to the Randomised complete block design in three replications. Yield stability of investigated genotypes was analysed by stability parameters Si⁽¹⁾, Si⁽²⁾, Si⁽³⁾, Si⁽⁶⁾ TOP and RS. Analysis of variance identified highly significant F values for all experimental factors. Bredenkamp method confirmed the existence of non-crossover GxE interaction, for maize yield. Hybrid ZPH15 achieved the most stable yield based on parameters Si⁽¹⁾and Si⁽²⁾. According to parameter Si⁽³⁾it was ZPH5, while based on parameter Si⁽⁶⁾it was ZPH34. The highest overall yield achieved ZPH36 (11.18 t ha^-1), which was quite unstable (rank 24 in parameters Si⁽¹⁾ and Si⁽²⁾), and very unstable (rank 34 in parameters Si⁽³⁾and Si⁽⁶⁾). The most stable hybrids had average yields. In total, the hybrid ZPH23 had the best average rank (15.93). Based on TOP parameter, ZPH36 had the best rank (yield), followed by ZPH11, ZPH20, ZPH21 and ZPH9. However, RS parameter revealed that ZPH21 was the most stable hybrid, so taking into account both TOP and RS parameters this is the most productive and the most stable hybrid. Based on this research, TOP and RS are the best parameters for selecting new maize hybrids for production in particular environment. In case of identical TOP value, the genotype with the lowest RS value should be selected. The parameters Si⁽¹⁾, Si⁽²⁾, Si⁽³⁾ and Si⁽⁶⁾ can be used as alternative methods for the selection of genotypes with moderate yield and high stability.

Key words: G x E interaction, maize, nonparametric methods stability, yield

Corresponding author: Dragana Branković-Radojčić, Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Slobodana Bajica 1, Belgrade, Serbia, email: dbrankovic@mrizp.rs

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No.2(2022), pp. 887-905

Serbia

UDC 575.633.11

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202887M
Original scientific paper

GENOTYPE × YEAR INTERACTION ON RYE PRODUCTIVITY PARAMETERS

CULTIVATED ON SANDY CHERNOZEM SOIL

Igor MILUNOVIĆ¹, Vera POPOVIĆ²^*, Nikola RAKAŠČAN³,Jela IKANOVIĆ⁴,

Vojislav TRKULJA⁵, Vuk RADOJEVIĆ^2,6, Gordana DRAŽIĆ³

¹University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Banja Luka, B&H

²Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia

³Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia

⁴University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Zemun, Serbia

⁵Agricultural Institute of Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, B&H

⁶University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad, Serbia

Abstract

Milunović I., V. Popović, N. Rakaščan,J. Ikanović, V. Trkulja, V. Radojević, G. Dražić (2022). Genotype × year interaction on rye productivity parameters cultivated on sandy chernozem soil. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 887-905.

Rye is a dual-purpose crop, for nutrition but also for bioenergy. The selection of rye is aimed at its improvement as a plant for human and animal consumption, but also it is interesting for bioenergy production as it combines high biomass production with low environmental impact. There is a growing demand for sustainable sources of biomass worldwide. Directions for achieving rye selection for energy purposes include selection to increase biomass yield and corresponding physiological properties. During three years (2019-2021), four rye genotypes were examined. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of genotype (G), year (Y) and their interaction (G×Y) on rye productivity parameters: plant height (PH), spike length (SL), 1000-grain weight (TGW), hectoliter mass (HM), green biomass yield (GBY), biogas yield (BGY) as well as the possibility of using rye as an alternative fuel. Rye is an excellent raw material for the production of healthy food, but also for the production of biofuels. The study discussed the potential use of four high yielding genotypes for biofuel production. Genotype G1 (25.29 t ha^-1) had a statistically significantly higher average green biomass yield compared to genotypes G2, G3 and G4 (22.98 t ha^-1, 23.56 t ha^-1and 23.76 t ha^-1). Significant G×Y interactions demonstrate differences between rye genotypes in response to environmental conditions. Plant height was directly proportional to biomass yield. As one of the targets in breeding programs, to develop taller cultivars as biofuel feedstock. Screening and selection of appropriate rye varieties for each region is critical for optimum results.

Key words: genotype × year interaction, energy crop, correlations, productivity parameters, Secale cereale L.

Corresponding author: Vera Popović, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia, email: drvvpopovic@gmail.com; igor.milunovic@pmf.unibl.org;

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54 No.2(2022), pp. 907-919

Serbia

UDC 575.633.11

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202907K
Original scientific paper

RESPONSE OF WHEAT GENOTYPES TO EXCESS BORON ESTIMATED BY in vitro CULTURE

Ankica KONDIĆ-ŠPIKA¹, Svetlana GLOGOVAC¹, Dragana TRKULJA¹, Ana MARJANOVIĆ-JEROMELA¹, Milica MARJANOVIĆ²

¹Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia

²Gimnazija “Svetozar Marković”, Novi Sad, Serbia

Abstract

Kondić-Špika A., S. Glogovac, D.Trkulja, A.Marjanović-Jeromela, M. Marjanović (2022). Response of wheat genotypes to excess boron estimated by in vitro culture. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 907- 919.

The objective of this study was to evaluate boron tolerance of wheat genotypes using mature embryo culture. The analysis involved 79 recombinant inbred lines of the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI) population and three Serbian varieties with known boron (B) tolerance (Pobeda – sensitive S, Balerina -medium tolerant MT, and Nevesinjka – tolerant T). The evaluation was performed on a modified MS medium to which 15 mM of boric acid was added. The control medium contained no excess B. Callus fresh weight (CFW) and reduction of fresh callus weight (RFCW) were determined after one month of cultivation. ANOVA has shown highly significant effect of genotype, the media, and their interaction to callus tissue growth and also significant genotypic effect on RFCW. Majority of genotypes (39) had sensitive reaction to excess boron, twenty-three were medium tolerant, while four of them were tolerant. The obtained results can be potentially used for mapping QTLs associated with tolerance to excess B in wheat breeding program.

Key words: boron tolerance, mature embryo culture, RILs, Triticum aestivum L.

Corresponding author: Ankica Kondić-Špika, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia, E-mail:ankica.spika@ifvcns.ns.ac.rs

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 54, No.2(2022), pp. 921-932

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202921P
Original scientific paper

ULTRASOUND MARKERS OF CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS ON ROUTINE SECOND TRIMESTER SCREENING

Bojana PETROVIĆ^l*, Jovana JOKSIMOVIĆ², Dragiša ŠLJIVANČANIN^1,3,

Luka JOKSIMOVIĆ⁴, Aleksandra DRINIĆ³, Jelena STAMENKOVIĆ^1,3

¹Clinic for gynecology and obstetrics, Clinical center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia

²Medicines and Medical Devices Agency of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia

³School of medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

⁴Serbian Institute of Occupational Health “Dr Dragomir Karajovic”, Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract

Petrović B,, J. Joksimović, D. Šljivančanin, L.Joksimović, A. Drinić, J. Stamenković (2022). Ultrasound markers of chromosome aberrations on routine second trimester screening. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 921-931.

Second trimester ultrasound examination for risk assessment of chromosomal abnormalities remains an important component of prenatal evaluation. We have conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the efficiency of ultrasonographic screening for the markers of chromosomal aberrations and to classify ultrasonographic markers according to the aberration they were found with. Over a 10 year period we performed 620 karyotype analyses of fetal blood taken by cordocentesis after detection of fetal anomalies in a second trimester scan in unselected population and 216 samples of peripheral blood of neonates having phenotypic features suspected for chromosomopathies. Ultrasound examination and cytogenetic data were obtained from the laboratory database. Chromosomal abnormalities were found in 36 (5,8%) fetuses with anomalies. Most frequently chromosomal aberrations were detected in fetuses with multiple anomalies (13,3%), heart anomalies (11,5%), short femurs (12,5%) and polyhydramnios (7,7%). The success rate of sonographic examination in detection of Down syndrome was 85%, and in detection of sex chromosome trisomies 80%. Trisomy 18, trisomy 13 and polyploidy were found prenatally in 100% each. Nearly 42% of trisomy 21 fetuses had heart anomaly, 35,3% polyhydramnios and 17,7% short femurs. Trisomy 18 fetuses had polyhydramnios in 87,5%, CNS anomalies in 62,5% and symmetrical IUGR in 50% of cases. All of the fetuses with monosomy X had short femurs. Ultrasonographic evaluation is the most sensitive screening method for the identification of fetuses having a high risk rate for chromosomal abnormalities in a low risk population.

Key words: Chromosomal aberrations, fetal anomalies, ultrasonographic examination

Corresponding author: Bojana Petrović, Clinic for gynecology and obstetrics, Clinical center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia, email: mrdrbojaninmail@gmail.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“Vol. 54, No.2(2022), pp. 933-946

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202933M
Original scientific paper

MIR-146A GENE VARIANT RS2910164 MIGHT BE ASSOCIATED WITH CORONARY IN-STENT RESTENOSIS RISK: RESULTS FROM A PILOT STUDY AND META-ANALYSIS

Milica T. MIHAJLOVIC¹, Marija SAVIC VESELINOVIC¹, Mihajlo FARKIC²,

Katarina ZELJIC^1*

¹University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Belgrade, Serbia

²“Dedinje” Cardiovascular Institute, Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract

Mihajlovic M., M. Savic Veselinovic, M. Farkic, K. Zeljic (2022). MIR-146A gene variant RS2910164 might be associated with coronary in-stent restenosis risk: results from a pilot study and meta-analysis. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 933-946.

Coronary in-stent restenosis (ISR) is an adverse effect that occurs in 20-35% of patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation. The fact that not all patients will develop ISR indicates that genetic factors contribute to ISR susceptibility. Previous studies have reported that various micro RNA (miRNA) molecules regulate biological processes underlying ISR development, including miR-146a which is involved in regulation of vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and neointima formation. Nucleotide variants in miRNA genes can affect the function of mature miRNAs. mir-146a rs2910164 gene variant is located in the seed region of mature miR-146a, key region for the regulation of target mRNAs.

The current study aimed to examine the association between rs2910164 variant in mir-146a gene and coronary ISR risk in a group of Serbian patients and to enhance the study by performing a meta-analysis. Samples of peripheral blood were obtained from 61 patients who previously underwent PCI with stent implantation, 25 (41%) of which had angiographically confirmed ISR.

There were no significant differences in allele and genotype distribution of rs2910164 variant between patients with and without ISR. In a Serbian group of patients, the analyzed variant was not associated with the ISR risk. Results of the meta-analysis showed that heterozygous GC genotype is associated with decreased risk to ISR (OR=0.475, P=0.006), indicating its protective role in ISR formation.

Key words: rs2910164, miR-146a, coronary in-stent restenosis, percutaneous coronary intervention.

Corresponding author: Katarina Zeljic, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, phone: +381638452350, E-mail: katarina.zeljic@bio.bg.ac.rs

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Published in „GENETIKA“Vol. 54, No2(2022), pp. 947-957

Serbia

UDC 575.633.15
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202947K

Original scientific paper

MARKER ASSISTED CONVERSION OF MAIZE INBRED LINES TO QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE (QPM) ADAPTED TO TEMPERATE CLIMATE

Marija KOSTADINOVIĆ*, Danijela RISTIĆ, Sofija BOŽINOVIĆ, Olivera ĐORĐEVIĆ MELNIK, Dragana IGNJATOVIĆ-MICIĆ, Jelena VANČETOVIĆ

Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract

Kostadinović M., D. Ristić, S. Božinović, O. Đorđević Melnik, D. Ignjatović-Micić, J. Vančetović (2022). Marker assisted conversion of maize inbred lines to quality protein maize (QPM) adapted to temperate climate. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 947-957.

Maize is a poor source of protein both for humans and monogastric animals due to the lack of essential amino acids, such as lysine and tryptophan. Naturally occurring opaque2 (o2) mutation increases content of these amino acids, but also confers an undesirable phenotype leading to low yields. Quality protein maize (QPM) is agronomically acceptable and nutritionally improved opaque2 maize obtained through conventional breeding. Marker assisted breeding program aimed at developing QPM genotypes for growing in temperate regions is being conducted at Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje (MRIZP). The results presented in this paper relate to foreground selection aimed to identify plants that attained homozygosity at o2 locus in BC₂F₂generation in conversion of four MRIZP commercial inbred lines. Maize inbred line ZPL5 converted to its QPM counterpart and adapted to temperate climate was used as o2 donor to the four recurrent parents (RP). Foreground selection was carried out with gene-specific markers phi057 and umc1066, both segregating as per the expectation. The percentage of recessive homozygotes in BC₂F₂generation was approximately 25% (24.6% in RP₁, 23.3% in RP₂, 25% in RP₃ and 24.4% in RP₄). After the self-pollination of selected recessive homozygotes, BC₂F₃progenies were screened for phenotypic and biochemical characteristics to confirm their nutritional and agronomical superiority. The results of scoring endosperm modifications revealed over 95% of hard endosperm kernels. The average tryptophan content ranged from 0.070% in RP₁ to 0.087% in RP₃. Out of 39 derivations from four lines, 19 had tryptophan content above the QPM threshold (0.075%). A total of 16 derivations were chosen for their highest tryptophan content. Their quality index was increased by 2-46% relative to the recurrent parent. These lines will serve as an important breeding material for developing QPM maize hybrids adapted to temperate regions.

Key words: maize, marker assisted selection, opaque2, quality protein maize, SSR

Corresponding author: Marija Kostadinović, Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Slobodana Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade, Serbia, Phone: 011 3756704, Fax: 011 3756707, E-mail: kmarija@mrizp.rs

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Published in „GENETIKA“Vol. 54, No.2(2022), pp.959-976

Serbia

UDC 575.630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202959S

Original scientific paper

ASSESSMENT OF COMBINING ABILITY OF WATERMELON GERMPLASM DERIVED FROM DIVERSE GEOGRAPHIC ORIGIN FOR YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS

Amandeep SINGH, Dilbag SINGH, Rajinder SINGH,Salesh Kumar JINDAL

Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India

Abstract

Singh A., D. Singh, R. Singh,S. K. Jindal (2022). Assessment of combining ability of watermelon germplasm derived from diverse geographic origin for yield and quality traits. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.2, 959-976.

A study was conducted to assess the combining ability of diverse genotypes of watermelon in a line x tester mating design at the Vegetable research farm, Department of Vegetable Science, PAU, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. The 40 F₁ hybrids, 10 lines, 4 testers were evaluated in Feb-May, 2019 for yield and component traits. The analysis of variance indicated significant variability among all the genotypes for all the traits. The combining ability analysis revealed that general combining ability effects and specific combining ability effects were significant for all the traits. The ratio of σ²SCA/ σ²GCA indicated the predominance of non-additive gene effects for internode length, days to appearance of 1^st female flower, fruit length, fruit width, yield/ plant, number of fruits/ plant, average fruit weight, vine length, TSS and vitamin C. Among the parents, lines WM-10, yellow-2 and Barmer; and tester KFF 1-1-2 were good general combiner for fruit yield and component traits. Among the hybrids, W-6-3-3-3-2 × KFF 1-1-2, WM-20 × KFF 1-1-2 and Yellow-2 × KFF 1-1-2 were good specific combiners for higher TSS content and good yield.

Key words: Watermelon, line x tester analysis, combining ability, TSS, lycopene and yield

Corresponding author: Amandeep Singh, Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, phone: +918146393098, E-mail: amanagill3@gmail.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“Vol. 54, No.2(2022), pp.977-978

Serbia

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2202977E

CORRIGENDUM

Snežana Mladenović Drinić, Editor of the journal Genetika

due to technical mistake reference are not correct for paper titled

CYTOGENETIC ASPECTS OF MISCARRIAGE

authors Petrović B. and M. Komnenić Radovanović

published in the journal Genetika, (2021).. - Genetika, Vol 53, No.2, 663-670.

Original scientific paper

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2102663P

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Published in „GENETIKA“Vol. 54, No.1(2022), pp.491-498

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR22010491J

Original scientific paper

DETECTION AND QUANTIFICATION OF PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT WITH CHLORHEXIDINE DIGLUCONATE

Katarina JOVANOVIC¹, Jelena CARKIC², Nadja NIKOLIC², Nada NOVAKOVIC¹, Milos HADZI-MIHAILOVIC¹, Emina COLAK³, Sasa CAKIC¹, Jelena MILASIN²

¹University of Belgrade, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Dr Subotica 8, Belgrade, Serbia.

²University of Belgrade, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, Dr Subotica 8, Belgrade, Serbia.

³Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Clinical Centar of Serbia, Visegradska 26, Belgrade, Serbia.

Abstract

Jovanovic K., J. Carkic, N. Nikolic, N. Novakovic, M. Hadzi-Mihailovic, E. Colak, S. Cakic, J. Milasin (2022). Detection and quantification of pathogenic microorganisms in patients with chronic periodontitis before and after treatment with chlorhexidine digluconate. - Genetika, Vol 54, No.1, 491-498.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of chlorhexidine digluconate solution (CHX) as an adjunct to nonsurgical therapy (NPT) of patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), by analyzing the presence and quantity of periopathogenic microorganisms in subgingival biofilm. DNA was extracted from the subgingival biofilm obtained from 40 patients with CP divided into two groups (NPT+CHX and NPT alone as control) at baseline and 2 months after the therapy. The presence of selected periodontal pathogens (A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, E. corrodens, T. denticola, and T. forsythia) was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), while total bacterial load was assessed by quantitative PCR. The incidence of microorganisms decreased following treatment, both with NPT+CHX and NPT alone, but without reaching statistically significant difference in the NPT group. In the NPT+CHX group, a significant reduction of prevalence of two species: T. denticola (P = 0.008) and T. forsythia (P = 0.016), as well as of total microorganism count (P = 0.002) was observed two months after treatment. In conclusion, the present findings support the use of CHX as adjunctive therapy in CP.

Keywords: Chronic periodontitis, Periopathogenic microorganisms, PCR, qPCR, Chlorhexidine digluconate

Corresponding author: Jelena Milasin, University of Belgrade, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, Dr Subotica 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia. Phone: (+381)63 7596550, e-mail: jelena.milasin@stomf.bg.ac.rs

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Published in „GENETIKA“Vol. 54, No.1(2022), pp.499-512

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2201499B
Review paper

AN OVERVIEW OF RUST (Uromyces viciae-fabae) AND POWDERY MILDEW

(Erysiphe polygoni DC) OF PEA (Pisum sativum L.)

Deepa BENIWAL¹*, R.K. DHALL¹, Saurabh YADAV¹, Priti SHARMA²

¹Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, India

²School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, India

Abstract

Beniwal D., R.K. Dhall, S. Yadav, P. Sharma (2022). An overview of rust (Uromyces viciae-fabae) and powdery mildew (Erysiphe polygoni DC) of pea (Pisum sativum L.- Genetika, Vol 54, No.1, 499-512.

Pea is a self-pollinating, cool season leguminous crop with a diploid chromosome number of 14. Pea is cultivated extensively and because of high protein content, pea is a crop with great significance. However, cultivation of pea gets affected by numerous biotic and abiotic stresses. Fungal diseases such as rust, powdery mildew, fusarium wilt etc. comes under the biotic stresses which are most widespread. Rust and powdery mildew cause major damage to the crop in both tropical and temperate locales of the world. Use of fungicide to control plant diseases is a good approach but excessive use of fungicide can cause environmental pollution and disasters throughout the world and can also built resistance in the pathogens. Therefore, to remove these constraints, disease resistant varieties must be used. Use of resistant varieties is a safe and efficient alternative method to control plant diseases. Breeding for rust and powdery mildew resistance has been started globally and a number of resistant sources have been identified. To introgress resistant gene into commercial varieties of pea, molecular tools must be integrated with conventional breeding techniques. Till date only one linkage map has been generated for rust resistance in pea; while for powdery mildew, three genes have been mapped. Molecular markers linked to these genes can be used in breeding programs of resistance varieties. To improve the efficiency of selection for rust and powdery mildew resistance and enhance varietal development, the integrated approach of genomic resources, effective molecular tools and high resolution phenotyping tools must be used. An overview of pea rust and powdery mildew, pathogen structure, yield losses and breeding techniques implied to control these diseases, is provided in this review article.

Keywords: pea, rust, powdery mildew, molecular markers, resistant genes

Corresponding author: Deepa Beniwal, Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, India, E-mail: deepabeniwal24@gmail.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“Vol. 54, No.1(2022), pp513

Serbia

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2201513E