GENETIKA, Vol. 57, No1 (2025)
Ashok Kumar DHAKAD, Vandna KUMARI, Prashant MOHANPURIA, Anup CHANDRA, Ajay THAKUR
GENETIC RELATIONSHIP OF Ougeinia oojeinensis (Roxb.) Hochr., A THREATENED ENDEMIC SPECIES, BASED ON cpDNA rbcL REGIONS [Abstract] [Full text]
Huma QAMAR, Muhammad AHMAD, Rujaab NADEEM, Huda Sarwar MAQBOOL, Arzish JAVAID, Sundus SHAHZAD, Mariam HASSAN, Muhammad JAHANZAIB, Haris KHURSHID, Amir HAMEED, Younas JAVED, Ghulam SARWAR
YIELD STABILITY STUDY THROUGH GENOTYPE × ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION USING AMMI AND GGE BIPLOT ANALYSIS IN Brassica juncea (L.) [Abstract] [Full text]
Ibrahim SAYGILI, Fatmagul BAGI, Nejdet KANDEMIR
DEVELOPMENT OF EFFICIENT REGENERATION SYSTEMS FOR BARLEY CULTIVARS GROWN IN TÜRKİYE [Abstract] [Full text]
Ruma
DEVI and HIMANI
GGE
BIPLOT ANALYSIS OF GENOTYPE -BY-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION FOR CAULIFLOWER YIELD [Abstract] [Full
text]
Abdul Sarki MUSA, Iliya MALLAM, Abdulmojeed YAKUBU
QUALITATIVE TRAITS CHARACTERIZATION OF FULANI ECOTYPE CHICKEN IN NIGERIA [Abstract] [Full text]
Marija KOSTADINOVIĆ, Danijela RISTIĆ, Sofija BOŽINOVIĆ, Vlatko GALIĆ, Jelena VANČETOVIĆ, Dragana IGNJATOVIĆ-MICIĆ
NUTRITIONAL ENHANCEMENT OF AN ADAPTED QPM HYBRID
DEVELOPED THROUGH MARKER ASSISTED
SELECTION [Abstract] [Full
text]
Zala ROSTOHAR, Jana MUROVEC, Helena VOLK
POTENTIAL OF THE CITRUS BARK CRACKING VIROID (CBCVD) TO INFECT HEMP (Cannabis sativa L.) [Abstract] [Full text]
Fatemeh MORADI, Garshasb RIGI, Samira GHAEDMOHAMMADI, Sedigheh TAHMASEBI
THE miR-93-3p Has THE POTENTIAL TO DOWNREGULATE THE ACTIVITY OF NFATc4 AND NFAT5 GENES IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS (PBMC) OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS [Abstract] [Full text]
Danijela RISTIĆ, Marija KOSTADINOVIĆ, Snežana MLADENOVIĆ DRINIĆ, Snežana GOŠIĆ DONDO, Vesna PERIĆ
VALIDATION OF MOLECULAR MARKERS FOR THE KUNITZ TRYPSIN INHIBITOR PROTEIN IN SOYBEAN (Glycine max L. Merr.) [Abstract] [Full text]
Nikolay TSENOV and Margarita NANKOVA
GENETIC VARIABILITY AND PCA OF GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN Ulmus DELINEATION OF WHEAT VARIETIES SUITABLE FOR STRESS AND NON-STRESS CONDITIONS USING YIELD-BASED PRODUCTIVITY AND TOLERANCE INDICES [Abstract] [Full text]
Valentin KOSEV, Viliana VASILEVA, Vera POPOVIĆ
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF QUANTITATIVE TRAITS IN FORAGE PEA GENOTYPES [Abstract] [Full text]
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 57, No2(2025), pp. 177-189
© 2025 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2502177D
Original
scientific article
GENETIC RELATIONSHIP OF Ougeinia oojeinensis (Roxb.) Hochr., A THREATENED ENDEMIC SPECIES, BASED ON cpDNA rbcL REGIONS
Ashok Kumar DHAKAD1,2, Vandna KUMARI3, Prashant MOHANPURIA4,
Anup CHANDRA2, Ajay THAKUR5
1 Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.
2 Systematic Botany Discipline, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, India
3 Department of Microbial and Environmental Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana, India
4 School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
5 Genetics and Tree Propagation division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, India
Abstract
Dhakad Kumar A., V. Kumari, P. Mohanpuria, A. Chandra, A. Thakur (2025). Genetic relationship of Ougeinia oojeinensis (Roxb.) hochr., a threatened endemic species, based on cpDNA rbcL regions. Genetika, Vol 57, No. 2, 177-189.
The cosmopolitan genus Desmodium incorporates numerous significant species with medicinal and fodder usage. The genus Ougeinia forms sister group with the Desmodium clade with low support, of which maximum genera of Desmodieae framed an unresolved and poorly supported clade. In addition, its phylogenetic placement is still uncertain. In this connection, the present study has been planned to assess its genetic relationship with other Desomodium species. Thirty-eight Desmodium species were explored utilizing non-coding rbcL barcode regions in chloroplastic genome. A sequence length of 650 bp with an average 43.30% G+C content was successfully amplified with the rbcL1F and rbcL724R genes. Nucleotide diversity π and θ were found as 0.682 and 0.238respectively; while haplotype/gene diversity (Hd) was 0.994 which showed high level of genetic variations among the species belong to this genera. Pairwise difference comparison revealed that geographically common species share more similarity. Ougeinia oujeinensis showed high similarity with Tadehagi triquetrum based on nucleotide homology and phylogenetic analysis. Although, the phylogenetic study showed that the biogeographic circulation of species doesn't exhibit any affiliation inferring species localization. But this barcode gene study would have value for correct identification of O. oojeinensis and its genetic relationship with other Desmodium species.
Keywords: Desmodium spp., Ougeinia oojeinensis, phylogenic relationship, rbcL barcode gene, threatened endemic species
Corresponding author: Ashok Kumar Dhakad, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India, email: ashokdhakad@pau.edu
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 57, No. 2 (2025), pp.191-208
© 2025 Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2502191Q
Original scientific article
YIELD STABILITY STUDY THROUGH GENOTYPE × ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION USING AMMI AND GGE BIPLOT ANALYSIS IN Brassica juncea (L.)
Huma QAMAR1, Muhammad AHMAD2*, Rujaab NADEEM2, Huda Sarwar MAQBOOL2, Arzish JAVAID2,5, Sundus SHAHZAD1, Mariam HASSAN1, Muhammad JAHANZAIB3, Haris KHURSHID3, Amir HAMEED4, Younas JAVED1, Ghulam SARWAR6
1 Oilseeds Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute Faisalabad, Pakistan
2 Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
3 Oilseeds Research Program, Crop Sciences Institute (CSI), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan
4 Statistical Section, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
5 Plant Genomics and Molecular Breeding Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
6 Cotton Research Institute (CRI), Multan, Pakistan
Abstract
Qamar H., M. Ahmad, R. Nadeem, H. S. Maqbool, A. Javaid, S. Shahzad, M. Hassan, M. Jahanzaib, H. Khurshid, A. Hameed, Y. Javed, G. Sarwar (2025). Yield stability study through genotype × environment interaction using AMMI and GGE biplot analysis in Brassica juncea (L.))- Genetika, Vol 57, No. 2, 191-208.
In the fluctuating agro-climatic conditions breeders are concerned with information regarding combined effect of Genotype × Environment interaction (G×E) and stability of the crop to boost up the breeding program. In the current work, an assessment was conducted on eleven different genotypes of Brassica juncea (L.) across five distinct locations to determine their grain yield. The experimental design employed a randomized complete block design with a factorial arrangement during the period of 2017-18. A combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed, revealing significant variations in the yield among the genotypes. Stability was analysed using multiple parameters (regression slope, stability variance, etc.) on multi-environment trial data. Furthermore, the AMMI analysis demonstrated that the genotype ZBJ-10021 exhibited a highly desirable, high-yielding characteristic that was least influenced by environmental factors. Moreover, ZBJ-12011 exhibited the highest yield (2454 kg ha-1), followed closely by ZBJ-10021 (2367 kg ha-1). The implementation of a multivariate approach known as the Genotype main effect plus (GGE) biplot allowed for the exploration of 86% of the total yield variability, effectively representing the best-performing genotypes and environments in a graphical manner. The findings revealed that both ZBJ-10021 and ZBJ-12011 genotypes exhibited high grain yield with a relatively stable performance across various environments. Consequently, these genotypes hold potential for utilization in breeding programs aimed at developing stable genotypes with high yield. Additionally, to gain higher yield, cultivation of environment-specific genotypes is recommended.
Keywords: Agro-climatic conditions, AMMI analysis, GGE biplot, Genetic variation, Grain yield, Stability analysis
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 57, No.2 (2025), pp.209-220
© 2025 Serbian Genetics
Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.633.11
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2502209R
Original scientific article
DEVELOPMENT OF EFFICIENT REGENERATION SYSTEMS FOR BARLEY CULTIVARS GROWN IN TÜRKİYE
Ibrahim SAYGILI1*, Fatmagul BAGI2, Nejdet KANDEMIR1,3
1Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Agriculture, Field Crops Department, Tokat, Turkiye
2Iğdır University, Faculty of Agriculture, Field Crops Department, Iğdır, Turkiye
3Polatlı Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Department of Biology, Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli
University, Polatlı, Ankara, Turkiye
Abstract
Saygili I., F. Bagi, N.Kandemir (2025). Development of efficient regeneration systems for barley cultivars grown in Türkiye- Genetika, Vol 57, No.2, 209-220.
Successful use of modern plant breeding technologies relies on the availability of efficient regeneration systems. The present study was carried out to develop efficient regeneration systems in 18 barley cultivars grown in Türkiye, and to compare them with cultivar (cv.) Golden Promise, tissue culture standard cultivar in barley. Four different auxin types (dicamba, 2,4-D, NAA and IAA) were studied. Regeneration was carried out using 1 mg/L kinetin and 0.25 mg/L 2,4-D. Callus formation percentage, amount of callus produced and regeneration rate were different among cultivars, auxin types and cultivar x auxin combinations. Dicamba gave better results for callus formation percentage and amount of callus produced directly from embryos, while 2,4-D was better for amount of callus production in subcultures and regeneration rate. Compared to barley tissue culture standard cv. Golden Promise, cv. Angora had better callus production percentage, while cv. Çetin-2000 was better for amount of callus produced directly from embryos and cv. Tokak 157/37 was better for amount of callus produced in subculture. Regeneration rates of cultivars Cumhuriyet-50, Şerifehanım-98 and Çatalhöyük 2001 were not significantly different from that of cv. Golden Promise. Successful regeneration was achieved in other cultivars used except for cv. Orza. In conclusion, most Turkish cultivars had similar callus production frequency and amount similar to cv. Golden Promise, but lower plant regeneration rates.
Keywords: 2,4-D, Callus induction, Dicamba, Embryo culture, Hordeum vulgare, Naphthalene Acetic Acid
Corresponding author: Ibrahim Saygili Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Agriculture, Field Crops Department, Tokat, Turkiye,e-mail: ibrahimsaygili50@gmail.com, Cell phone: +90 536 342 68 64
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 57, No2(2025), pp.221-239
© 2025 Serbian Genetics
Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2502221D
Original scientific article
GGE BIPLOT ANALYSIS OF GENOTYPE -BY-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION
FOR CAULIFLOWER YIELD
Ruma DEVI and HIMANI
Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
Abstract
Devi R. and Himani (2025). GGE biplot analysis of genotype -by-environment interaction for cauliflower yield. - Genetika, Vol 57, No.2, 221-239.
The stability of yield and component traits in twenty-five cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) genotypes were studied under five sowing dates over two years at Vegetable Research Farm, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Data were subjected to the combined analysis of variance and trait stability by GGE biplot. The significant genotype –by-environment interactions for yield along with its component traits (gross plant weight, net curd weight, leaf length, leaf width, curd height, curd width, days to curd initiation, days to curd maturation, days to bolting, bolting percentage, number of leaves plant-1 and stalk length) demonstrated the potential to develop the environment specific cultivars. However, the temporal fluctuations in productivity emphasized the need to select for stability over several years in potential cultivars for the target environments. Genotypes CAUEP HYB-5, CAUEP HYB-3, CAUEP HYB-9, CAUSEL-1, Kartiki-3 and LS-1 were found to be highly suitable for sowing in early season while genotype CS-16, CAUMP VAR-1 and CAUSEL-2 were suitable for sowing in mid-season in terms of curd yield. Understanding of genotype-by-environment interactions for multiple traits in cauliflower is critical for developing cultivars with high mean performance and stability in target growing environments.
Key words: Cauliflower, environment, genotype, stability, sowing dates
Corresponding author: Ruma Devi, Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India, E-mail: rumadevi@pau.edu
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 57, No.2 (2025), pp. 241-257
© 2025Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2502241M
Original
scientific article
QUALITATIVE TRAITS CHARACTERIZATION OF FULANI ECOTYPE CHICKEN IN NIGERIA
Abdul Sarki MUSA1*, Iliya MALLAM2, Abdulmojeed YAKUBU1
1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Nasarawa State University, Keffi,
Shabu-Lafia Campus, P.M.B. 135, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
2 Department of Animal Science, Kaduna State University, Kafanchan Campus, Kaduna State,
Nigeria
Abstract
Musa A. S., I. Mallam, A. Yakubu (2025). Qualitative traits characterization of Fulani ecotype chicken in Nigeria- Genetika, Vol 57, No.2, 241-257.
The present study was conducted to characterize the qualitative traits of Fulani ecotype chickens in Nigeria. A total of 300 matured Fulani ecotype chickens (152 males and 148 females) were used for this study. The birds were obtained from 30 randomly selected households in two villages of the Lafia, Doma, Obi, Keana, and Awe Local Government areas, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The qualitative morphological traits (plumage colour and pattern, skin colour, eye colour, earlobe colour and shank colour and, feather morphology and distribution, comb type and comb size), of the Fulani ecotype chicken were analyzed for descriptive statistics using frequency procedures and cross-tabulation. The Kruskal-Wallis Test option of the non-parametric tests was employed to determine the effects of location and sex of the Fulani ecotype chickens on the proportion of each qualitative morphological trait. The association between locations and the qualitative traits were assessed using Correspondence Analysis, CHAID and Exhaustive CHAID algorithms. Diverse colours of plumage, eye, skin, comb, shank, and earlobe, as well as body shape, head shape, feather morphology, feather distribution, comb size, and types of local Fulani chickens, were observed. The most common plumage colour across the locations was ash (37.5%), followed by white (32.3%), multicolored (27.3%), black (27.0%), red (25.5%), and brown (24.0%). Significant variations among qualitative traits suggest underlying genetic diversity and environmental adaptation. These findings, combined with biometric and production traits, offer valuable insights for designing targeted genetic improvement programs aimed at enhancing the Fulani ecotype’s productivity and resilience in Nasarawa State’s varied environments.
Key words: Characterization, Chicken, Fulani ecotype, Qualitative traits
Corresponding author: Iliya Mallam, Department of Animal Science, Kaduna State University, Kafanchan Campus, Kaduna State,Nigeria, email: mallamiliya2011@gmail.com, Tel:+2348188146452, +2349032763552, +359894772330
Return to contentPublished in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 57, No. 21(2025), pp. 259-266
© 2025 Serbian Genetics
Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.633.15
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2502259K
Original
scientific article
NUTRITIONAL ENHANCEMENT OF AN ADAPTED QPM HYBRID DEVELOPED THROUGH MARKER ASSISTED SELECTION
Marija KOSTADINOVIĆ1*, Danijela RISTIĆ1, Sofija BOŽINOVIĆ1, Vlatko GALIĆ2,
Jelena VANČETOVIĆ1, Dragana IGNJATOVIĆ-MICIĆ1
1Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Belgrade, Serbia
2Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
Abstract
Kostadinović M., D. Ristić, S. Božinović, V. Galić, J. Vančetović, D. Ignjatović-Micić (2025). Nutritional enhancement of an adapted QPM hybrid developed through marker assisted selection- Genetika, Vol 57, No.2, 259-266.
Quality protein maize (QPM) has a high content of the essential amino acids lysine and tryptophan that are deficient in standard maize kernels. Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje has a breeding program aimed to create QPM, using the integrated conventional and molecular breeding approach. The aim of this study was biochemical evaluation of a QPM hybrid, obtained by crossing adapted QPM inbred lines (commercial lines converted to their QPM version). Relevant nutritional parameters, such as protein, starch, lipid and amino acid content were analyzed, and tryptophan to protein ratio (TPR) was determined. The tryptophan content (Trp) was significantly increased (p<0.05) in the QPM hybrid in comparison with standard maize (SM) hybrid. Also, the Trp was 0.075%, which corresponds to the QPM threshold value. The tryptophan to protein ratio, as an indicator of improved nutritional protein quality, was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the QPM hybrid. The starch and lipid content were both significantly higher (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively) compared to SM. Furthermore, a highly significant correlation (p<0.01) was identified between TPR and starch content, as well as a significant correlation (p<0.05) between TPR and lipid content, indicating the possibility of simultaneous selection and improvement of these traits in our breeding material. Biochemical evaluation has confirmed the improved nutritional value of this QPM hybrid, thus it was identified as a promising hybrid for use in the feed industry.
Keywords: maize, tryptophan, protein quality, QPM, feed industry
Corresponding author: Marija Kostadinovic Maize Research Institute, Slobodana Bajica 1, 11185 Zemun-Beograd, Serbia email:kmarija@mrizp.rs
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 57, No2(2025), pp 267-274
© 2025 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2502267R
Original
scientific article
POTENTIAL OF THE CITRUS BARK CRACKING VIROID (CBCVD) TO INFECT HEMP
(Cannabis sativa L.)
Zala ROSTOHAR, Jana MUROVEC, Helena VOLK*
Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Abstract
Rostohar Z., J. Murovec, H. Volk (2025). Potential of the citrus bark cracking viroid (cbcvd) to infect hemp (Cannabis sativa L.))- Genetika, Vol 57, No.2, 267-274.
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) faces increasing threats from various pathogens, including Cocadviroid latenshumuli also known as Hop Latent Viroid (HLVd), which causes dudding disease. Cocadviroid rimocitri, also known as Citrus Bark Cracking Viroid (CBCVd) severely affects hops, a close relative of hemp, raising concerns about its potential to infect hemp. This study investigated whether CBCVd can infect hemp and assessed tissue culture as a model for viroid research. Additionally, the effectiveness of in vitro synthesized viroid transcripts versus plant-derived RNA for infection was compared. Hemp tissue cultures were established and inoculated with CBCVd and HLVd transcripts or CBCVd and HLVd containing RNA. RT-PCR and sequencing confirmed infections, with transcript-based inoculation proving more effective than RNA-derived inoculation. CBCVd successfully infected hemp, expanding its known host range. No symptoms were observed in tissue cultures, but ex vitro acclimatized plants showed reduced growth, with HLVd-infected plant displaying the more severe effects than CBCVd-infected plant. This study provides the first evidence that CBCVd can artificially infect hemp under controlled conditions, highlighting potential transmission risks in agricultural settings. Additionally, tissue culture proved a valuable tool for viroid research, with transcript-based inoculation offering higher efficiency.
Keywords: HLVd, CBCVd, dudding disease, in vitro transcription, Cocadviroid
Corresponding author Helena Volk, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, email: helena.volk@bf.uni-lj.si
Return to content
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 57, No.2 (2025), pp.275-288
© 2025 Serbian Genetics
Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2502275M
Original
scientific article
Fatemeh MORADI1, 2, Garshasb RIGI1, 2*, Samira GHAEDMOHAMMADI3*,
Sedigheh TAHMASEBI4
1Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
2Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Research Institute of Biotechnology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
3Department of biology, College of sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
4Breast Disease Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Abstract
Moradi F., G. Rigi, S. Ghaedmohammadi, S. Tahmasebi (2025). The miR-93-3p has the potential to downregulate the activity of NFATc4 and NFAT5 genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of breast cancer patients- Genetika, Vol 57, No.2, 275-288.
Breast cancer is currently recognized as the most prevalent malignant tumor affecting women. It exhibits significant biological complexity, partly due to the regulatory roles of microRNAs (miRNAs). Given the critical function of miRNAs in modulating gene activity, miRNA expression or function disruptions are frequently observed in cancer cells, including those in breast cancer. Also, NFATc4 and NFAT5 have been identified as targets of miR-93. This study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of miR-93-3p, along with NFATc4 and NFAT5 genes, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy women and women diagnosed with breast cancer. In this case-control study, blood samples were collected from 15 healthy women and 15 women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer. PBMCs were isolated from each sample, followed by RNA extraction and complementary DNA (cDNA) synthesis. Gene expression levels of the target genes were then quantified using real-time PCR. Statistical analyses were conducted using R-Studio (version 4.4.1). The results indicated a significant reduction in the expression of NFATc4 and NFAT5 genes in PBMC from breast cancer patients compared to healthy individuals. Conversely, miR-93-3p expression was elevated in breast cancer patients relative to healthy women. These differences in gene expression were statistically significant at the 0.05 level, as determined by the Student’s T-test. In summary, this study reveals that miR-93-3p is upregulated, while NFATc4 and NFAT5 are downregulated in PBMCs of breast cancer patients. These expression changes underscore the potential of miR-93-3p and its targets as biomarkers for early breast cancer detection and may inform future therapeutic approaches. Further research with larger samples is recommended to validate these findings.
Keywords: Biomarkers, Breast Neoplasms; Gene expression, Human breast cancer, micro RNAs
Corresponding author: Dr. Garshasb Rigi, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Science, Shahrekord University, Rahbar Blvd, P O Box 115, Shahrekord 881 863 4141, Iran, Email: garshasbiotech@sku.ac.ir, Tel: 09133826040
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 57, No. 2(2025), pp. 289-297
© 2025 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2502289R
Original
scientific article
VALIDATION OF MOLECULAR MARKERS FOR THE KUNITZ TRYPSIN INHIBITOR PROTEIN IN SOYBEAN (Glycine max L. Merr.)
Danijela RISTIĆ, Marija KOSTADINOVIĆ, Snežana MLADENOVIĆ DRINIĆ,
Snežana GOŠIĆ DONDO, Vesna PERIĆ
Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Belgrade, Serbia
Abstract
Ristić D., M. Kostadinović, S. Mladenović Drinić, S. Gošić Dondo, V. Perić (2025). Validation of molecular markers for the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein in soybean (Glycine max L. merr.)- Genetika, Vol 57, No.2, 289-297.
Soybean (Glycine max L.) is a major source of plant proteins, but its use is restricted by anti-nutritional factors such as the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI). Eliminating KTI improves protein digestibility and reduces processing costs in food and feed production. This study aimed to use simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in marker-assisted selection (MAS) for KTI-free soybean genotypes developed at the Maize Research Institute “Zemun Polje” (MRIZP). The new breeding line L003, derived from a cross between the standard line L584 and the KTI-free cultivar ‘Laura,’ was analyzed. Fifty-two F₈ seeds were screened with SSR markers Satt228 and Satt409, and the observed results were validated by detecting possible KTI protein by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). In all L003 plants, homozygosity for the KTI-null genotype was observed by both SSR markers. Biochemical analysis showed the absence of the 21.5 kDa KTi protein band in L003, while the control genotype ‘Lidija’ with the dominant allele (TiTi) expressed KTI. Those results demonstrate a strong correlation between SSR marker profiles and the presence of KTI protein. Our results showed that both Satt228 and Satt409 are reliable tools for foreground selection in MAS, supporting the efficient development of KTI-free soybean cultivars. These results promote breeding strategies to develop nutritionally improved soybean varieties for food and feed industries without the necessity of thermal inactivating KTI.
Keywords: KTI, SSR markers, Glycine max L. Merr., MAS
Corresponding author: Danijela Ristic Maize Research Institute, Slobodana Bajica 1, 11185 Zemun-Belgrade, Serbia,email:dristic@mrizp.rs
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 57, No.2 (2025), pp. 299-314
© 2025 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.633.11
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2502299T
Original scientific article
DELINEATION OF WHEAT VARIETIES SUITABLE FOR STRESS AND NON-STRESS CONDITIONS USING YIELD-BASED PRODUCTIVITY AND TOLERANCE INDICES
Nikolay TSENOV* and Margarita NANKOVA
Depertment of Agronomy and Animal Husbandry, Dobrudja Agricultural Institute, General Toshevo, Agricultural Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria
Abstract
Tsenov N. and M. Nankova (2025). Delineation of wheat varieties suitable for stress and non-stress conditions using yield-based productivity and tolerance indices- Genetika, Vol 57, No.2, 299-314.
The aim was to identify the most valuable varieties combining high productivity and stress tolerance. Wheat varieties were grown in two locations in the country - Dobrich with favorable and Straldzha with stress conditions, for three consecutive years. The traits analyzed were (GY)-grain yield, (NPT)-number of productive tillers per m2 (WGS)-grain weight in the spike, (NGm)-number of grains per m2, (TBM) - total aboveground biomass and (DH)-date of heading, the values of which are strongly reduced under stress. The varieties were evaluated using different types of breeding indices for stress tolerance and stability. Based on reliably high correlations between the ranks of the indices and the values of the traits, it was found that only two of them, Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP) and Stress Tolerance Index (STI), correctly evaluate each quantitative trait under both types of conditions. Their application led to a correct division of the varieties into groups, according to the combination of tolerance and productivity. The attempt to evaluate grain yield using the GMP and STI indices of the other traits turned out to be not as effective as using the GY trait itself. The evaluation of the varieties using the Multi Trait Stability Index, (MTSI) and Multi-trait Genotype-Ideotype Distance Index (MGIDI) identified a set of three valuable varieties for breeding and production: 9, 14 and 16. The data from this study could be useful as a model for extracting information about the quantitative trait characteristics of the variety, which would be maximally useful for practice.
Keywords: wheat, stability, stress tolerance, MTSI, MGIDI
Corresponding author: Nikolay Tsenov, Depertment of Agronomy and Animal Husbandry, Dobrudja Agricultural Institute, BG 9521 General Toshevo, Agricultural Academy, BG 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria, email: nick.tsenov@gmail.com
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 57, No. 2(2025), pp. 315-331
© 2025 Serbian Genetics
Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575.630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2502315K
Original scientific article
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF QUANTITATIVE TRAITS IN FORAGE PEA GENOTYPES
Valentin KOSEV1, Viliana VASILEVA2, Vera POPOVIĆ3
1 Institute of Forage Crops, Agricultural Academy, Bulgaria
2 Maize Research Institute – Knezha, Agricultural Academy, Bulgaria
3 Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia
Abstract
Kosev V., V. Vasileva, V. Popović (2025). Genetic analysis of quantitative traits in forage pea genotypes.- Genetika, Vol. 57, No. 2, 315-331.
The study aimed at analyze the quantitative traits of pea genotypes through the values of genetic parameters and to identify the traits that determine the productivity of F1 and F2 hybrid plants. Three year field experiment was conducted in the Institute of Forage Crops - Pleven, Bulgaria. The crosses (CA1P × L020140; CA1P × Wt6803 and their reciprocal) between pea varieties L020140 - Pisum sativum ssp. arvense, Wt6803 - Pisum sativum var. hiemale and CA1P - Pisum sativum ssp. sativum were studied. Positive true heterosis was detected at crosses L020140 × CA1P and CA1P × L020140 by fresh root weight and nodule weight; CA1P × Wt6803 by root length and nodule weight and CA1P × L020140 by plant height at both limits of the environment. It is evident that the root weight and number of nodules per plant at CA1P × Wt6803 and the weight of fresh biomass at CA1P × L020140 are inherited with a clear positive dominance or over-dominance. The dominance or over-dominance of Wt6803 × CA1P by root length and fresh root weight, number and weight of plant nodules; at CA1P × L020140 by number of nodules and at L020140 × CA1P by weight of nodules per plant were found negative. In more favorable growing conditions, epistatic gene interactions play a greater role in the inheritance of traits and the number of nodules in CA1P × Wt6803 and L020140 × CA1P, and for dense sowing at L020140 × CA1P and CA1P × L020140 by fresh aboveground biomass weight and nodule weight. Dominant gene actions were of greater importance for the number of nodules per plant at Wt6803 × CA1P. High inheritance rates in both environments are characterized by hybrids Wt6803 × CA1P and L020140 × CA1P by fresh root weight and number of nodules per plant, and all hybrids by number of nodules. For almost all crosses, the efficiency of the team is negative and at both limits of the environment, which implies that the mass team will be more effective if it starts early in F4-F5 and is based on plant height, fresh weight of aboveground biomass and fresh weight of roots.
Keywords: degree of dominance, heterosis, forage peas, inheritance, transgression