GENETIKA, Vol

GENETIKA, Vol. 52, No. 2 (2020)

Melekşen AKIN, Danijela POLJUHA, Sadiye Peral EYDURAN, Tim WEBER, Gürsel ÖZKAN, Sezai ERCIŞLİ

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF FIG (Ficus carica L.) GERMPLASM FROM NORTHEASTERN BLACK SEA REGION [Abstract] [Full text]

Mohsen FARSHADFAR

VARIABILITY AND ADAPTABILITY OF SELECTED POPLAR (Populus nigra) CLONES, BASED ON STABILITY PARAMETERS AND AMMI MODEL [Abstract] [Full text]

Asma AYAZ, Wajid ZAMAN, Saddam SAQIB, Fazal ULLAH, Tariq MAHMOOD

PHYLOGENY AND DIVERSITY OF LAMIACEAE BASED ON RPS14 GENE IN PAKISTAN [Abstract] [Full text]

Asghar EBADI, Asghar MEHREBAN, Morteza KAMRANI, Manochehr SHIRI

EVALUATION OF GRAIN YIELD STABILITY AND SELECTION OF BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) GENOTYPES UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION REGIMES [Abstract] [Full text]

JYOTI, Najif AKRAM, R. KUMAR, R.C. SHARMA, S. K. KASHYAP,G. R. GOWANE

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF Myostatin GENE IN MALPURA SHEEP OF RAJASTHAN [Abstract] [Full text] [Supplement]

Silva G. KYURKCHIYAN, Todor M. POPOV, Darina KACHAKOVA,Kalina MIHOVA, Veronika Y. PETKOVA, Julian RANGACHEV, Vanyo I. MITEV, Diana P. POPOVA, Radka P. KANEVA

PATHOGENIC SOMATIC ALTERATIONS IN ADVANCED HPV-NEGATIVE CELL SQUAMOUS LARYNGEAL CARCINOMA REVEALED VIA TARGETED NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING[Abstract] [Full text]

Seyyedeh Tahereh NABAVI, Farah FARAHANI,Masoud SHEIDAI, Katayoun POURSAKHI, Mohammad Reza NAEINI

GENETIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL VARIABILITY IN Ziziphus jujuba Mill. [Abstract] [Full text]

Muhammed KUPE

SOME AMPELOGRAPHIC AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LOCAL GRAPE ACCESSIONS FROM TURKEY [Abstract] [Full text]

Ayaz MALOOK, Azhar HUSSAIN SHAH, Muhammad IJAZ KHAN, Inam ULLAH KHAN, Saad HUSSAIN SHAH,Ishtiaq HASSAN, Mushtaq Ur REHMAN , Sohail AHMAD JAN

BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR EVALUATION OF MUNGBEAN (Vigna radiata L.) GENOTYPES UNDER DIFFERENT GAMMA RAYS TREATMENTS [Abstract] [Full text]

Kerem MERTOĞLU, Yasemin EVRENOSOĞLU, Abdullah Nuri OZSOY

Susceptibility, heterosis and heterobeltiosis evaluations for fire blight resistance in pear [Abstract] [Full text]

Gursel OZKAN, Sezai ERCISLI, Hafize FIDAN, Adriana F. SESTRAS, Rayda Ben AYED, Nilda ERSOY

AGRO-MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DISEASE-FREE SEED PROPAGATED EUROPEAN CHESTNUTS (Castanea sativa Mill.) [Abstract] [Full text]

Ensieh Es'haghi SHAMSABADI, Hossein SABOURI, Habibollah SOUGHI, Seyed Javad SAJADI

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF SPIKE TRAITS IN WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) [Abstract] [Full text]

Milena STOJANOVIĆ and Nenad MAGAZIN

VARIABILITY OF SWEET CHESTNUT (Castanea sativa Mill.) IN MONTENEGRO ACCORDING TO MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS OF FRUITS AND UPOV DESCRIPTORS [Abstract] [Full text]

Vesna DRAGIČEVIĆ, Snežana MLADENOVIĆ DRINIĆ, Milena SIMIĆ, Milan BRANKOV, Zoran DUMANOVIĆ, Mile SEČANSKI, Milena MILENKOVIĆ

VARIABILITY OF MAIZE INBRED LINES IN NITROGEN USE EFFCIENCY [Abstract] [Full text]

Allo A. DIDO, Dawit T. DEGEFU, B. J. K. SINGH, Kassahun TESFAYEand M. S. R. KRISHNA

MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS VARIABILITY IN ETHIOPIAN BARLEY (Hordeum vulgare L.) LANDRACE: BASED ON REGIONS AND ALTITUDE [Abstract] [Full text]

Vellaichamy Gandhimeyyan RENGANATHAN, Chockalingam VANNIARAJAN, Angamuthu NIRMALAKUMARI, Paramasivam ARUNACHALAM, Subramanium THIYAGESHWARI, Adhimoolam KARTHIKEYAN and Mahalingam GOVINDARAJ

GENE EFFECTS AND HETEROSIS FOR GRAIN Fe AND Zn CONTENT IN BARNYARD MILLET (Echinochloa frumentacea (Roxb.) Link) [Abstract] [Full text]

Goran VUČKOVIĆ, Tina BOBIĆ,Pero MIJIĆ, Mirna GAVRAN,Maja GREGIĆ, Klemen POTOČNIK, Vladan BOGDANOVIĆ, Vesna GANTNER

ESTIMATION OF GENETIC PARAMETERS AND BREEDING VALUES FOR DAILY MILK PRODUCTION OF DAIRY SIMMENTALS IN TERMS OF HEAT STRESS [Abstract] [Full text]

Mohit KUNDAL, Sapna THAKUR and G.P.S. DHILLON

EVALUATION OF GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF HALF SIB PROGENIES OF Toona ciliata M. ROEM UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS [Abstract] [Full text]

Mirjana JANKULOVSKA, Sonja IVANOVSKA, Ana MARJANOVIĆ JEROMELA, Dragana MILADINOVIĆ, Biljana KUZMANOVSKA, Dragana RAJKOVIĆ

PREDICTING HETEROSIS AND F1 PERFORMANCE IN SPRING RAPESEED (Brassica napus L.): GENETIC DISTANCE BASED ON MOLECULAR OR PHENOTYPIC DATA? [Abstract] [Full text]

Ahmed EL-SAYED, Maged EL-ASHKER, Eman EBISSY, Ahmed ATEYA

EFFECT OF PREPARTUM VITAMIN E AND SELENIUM ADMINISTRATION ON POSTPARTUM GENE EXPRESSION AND METABOLIC PROFILE OF IMMUNE AND OXIDATIVE MARKERS IN BARKI EWES [Abstract] [Full text]

Ana NIKOLIC, Natalija KRAVIC, Danijela RISTIC, Violeta ANDJELKOVIC, Ksenija MARKOVIC, Jelena VANCETOVIC, Dragana IGNJATOVIC-MICIC
MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF MAIZE SEEDLINGS TO CHILLING STRESS [Abstract] [Full text]

M. M. FOUDA, I. E. EL ARABY, A. I. ATEYA, A. A. ELZEER
GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS AND EXPRESSION PATTERNS OF TLR4 GENE IN COMMERCIAL BROILER BREEDS [Abstract] [Full text]

Md. HASAN-UD-DAULA, Umakanta SARKER
VARIABILITY, HERITABILITY, CHARACTER ASSOCIATION, AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS IN ADVANCED BREEDING LINES OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) [Abstract] [Full text]

Tanveer KAUR, R.K. DHALL, Sat Pal SHARMA
GENE EFFECT STUDIES FOR QUALITY CHARACTERS IN CUCUMBER (Cucumis sativus L.) USING GYNOECIOUS PARENT [Abstract] [Full text]

Ahmet KINAY, Güngör YILMAZ, Nejdet KANDEMIR
YIELD AND QUALITY PROPERTIES OF SOME ORIENTAL TOBACCO (Nicotiana tabacum L.) HYBRIDS [Abstract] [Full text]

Zahra NOORMOHAMMADI, Elham TORABIZADEH, Farah FARAHANI, Omran ALISHAH, Masoud SHEIDA
GENETIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF COTTON CULTIVARS UNDER SALT STRESS [Abstract] [Full text]

Martin VIVODÍK, Ezzeddine SAADAOUI, Želmíra BALÁŽOVÁ, Zdenka GÁLOVÁ
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND RELATIONSHIP OF TUNISIAN CASTOR (Ricinus communis L.) GENOTYPES REVEALED BY SSR MARKERS [Abstract] [Full text]

Almas ASADOVA, Sevda BABAYEVA, Vusala IZZATULLAYEVA, Seadet AKBAROVA, Gunel AGHAZADE, Ilhama MIRZALIYEVA, Mehraj ABBASOV
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF L. sativus L. COLLECTION BASED ON ISSR MARKERS [Abstract] [Full text]

Jafar KAZEMIAN, Masoud SHEIDAI, Fahimeh KOOHDAR, Hejraneh AZIZI, Somayyeh GHASEMZADEH-BARAKI
MICRO-MORPHOLOGY AND MOLECULAR INVESTIGATIONS IN SOME CARDUUS SPECIES IN IRAN [Abstract] [Full text]

Valiollah RAMEEH
COMBINING ABILITY OF PLANT HEIGHT, SEED YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS IN RAPESEED [Abstract] [Full text]

MEYSAM LATIFI and MEHDI BOHLOULI

ESTIMATION OF GROWTH CURVE PARAMETERS IN MEHRABAN SHEEP USING DIFFERENT NON-LINEAR MODELS [Abstract] [Full text]

Čedomir RADENOVIĆ and Nenad DELIĆ

IN MEMORIAM

Prof dr Mile Ivanović [Text]

Marina Stamenković Radak

IN MEMORIAM

Academian Prof dr Marko Anđelković [Text]

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No.2 (2020), pp. 411-420

UDC 575.630

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002411A

Orginal scientific article

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF FIG (Ficus carica L.) GERMPLASM FROM NORTHEASTERN BLACK SEA REGION

Melekşen AKIN^1*, Danijela POLJUHA², Sadiye Peral EYDURAN¹, Tim WEBER³,

Gürsel ÖZKAN⁴, Sezai ERCIŞLİ⁴

¹Igdir University Agricultural Faculty Department of Horticulture Igdir, Turkey

²Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Porec, Croatia

³Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ United Kingdom

⁴Ataturk University Agricultural Faculty Department of Horticulture Erzurum, Turkey

Abstract

Akin M., D. Poljuha, S. Peral Eyduran, T.Weber, G. Özkan, S. Ercişli(2020). Molecular characterization of fig (Ficus Carica l.) germplasm from Northeastern Black sea region. - Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 411 - 420.

Turkey is well known for fig production and diversity in the world and fig trees are prevalent in various parts of the country. Eastern Black sea region has table fig cultivation, and together with local cultivars, unnamed numerous genotypes are present in the region. Progress in fig breeding requires the exploitation of genetic variation among cultivars, landraces and gene pools. Local cultivars (Patlican, Kara Patlican, Beyaz Torosun, Kara Torosun), standard cultivar (Bursa siyahi), and unnamed genotypes (from T1 to T37) as well were analyzed using SSR markers. The analysis revealed 116 alleles and all of them were found polymorphic. Genetic similarity ranged between 0.24 and 0.90. T24 and T25 genotypes (0.90) were the closest cultivars, while Bursa Siyahi cultivar and T19 genotype were the most distant genotypes (0.24). The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 (LMFC37 and MFC4 primers) to 9 (LMFC30 primer). LMFC30 (9 alleles), MFC3 (8 alleles), FCUP038 and LMFC32 (7 alleles) SSR primers were the most polymorphic. The selected SSR primers provided a great resolution in evaluating the relationship of the local fig thanks to their rich allelic diversity and co-dominance.

Keywords: Genetic diversity, landraces, local genotypes, SSR

Corresponding author: Melekşen Akin, Igdir University Agricultural Faculty Department of Horticulture 76100 Igdir, Turkey. E-mails:akinmeleksen@gmail.com; peralatilla@gmail.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2 (2020), pp.421-434

Serbia

UDC 575.630

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002421F

Original scientific paper

VARIABILITY AND ADAPTABILITY OF SELECTED POPLAR (Populus nigra) CLONES, BASED ON STABILITY PARAMETERS AND AMMI MODEL

Mohsen FARSHADFAR

Department of Agriculture, Payamee Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Farshadfar M. (2020). Variability and adaptability of selected poplar (Populus nigra) clones, based on stability parameters and AMMI model.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 421-434.

Poplars are among the most important wood trees that play a key role for provision of raw material for the cellulose industry. In order to study the genetic diversity, selection and introduction of superior and compatible clones in the west of Iran, this research was carried out. The experiment was set up based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in eight years (2007 to 2014) at the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Kermanshah, Iran. From each clone 25 seedlings were planted with 3 × 3 meter spacing. The studied traits included: diameter at breast height, total height, current annual volume increment and wood volume. The results of mean comparison by Duncan test showed a significant difference between the clones at the level of 5%. The clon 62/154 had the greatest height, diameter, and wood volume. Combined analysis of variance revealed significant effect of Year Í Clone interaction for all traits at 5% probability. Based on the cluster analysis, ten clones were grouped into three clusters. The clones 62/149 and 62/154 had the greatest distance of all all clones. Based on the AMMI model, and other stability parameters the clones P. nigra 56/75, P. nigra betulifolia, P. nigra mehregan, P. nigra 63/135, P. nigra 56/72 were selected as the highest productive clones and recommended to cultivation.

Keywords: AMMI model, genetic diversity, Populus nigra, stability parameters

Corresponding author: Mohsen Farshadfar, Department of Agriculture, Payamee Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran, E-mail: farshadfarmohsen@yahoo.com, Tel. +989183313221

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2 (2020), pp.435-452

Serbia

UDC 575.630

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002435A

Original scientific paper

PHYLOGENY AND DIVERSITY OF LAMIACEAE BASED ON RPS14 GENE IN PAKISTAN

Asma AYAZ^1,2*, Wajid ZAMAN², Saddam SAQIB², Fazal ULLAH², Tariq MAHMOOD²*

¹State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 434200, China

²Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan

Abstract

Ayaz A., W. Zaman, S. Saqib, F. Ullah, T. Mahmood (2020). Phylogeny and diversity of Lamiaceae based on rps14 gene in Pakistan.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 435-452.

The present research work was carried out to conduct concordance between the molecular data and the phylogenetic relationship between the selected species of Lamiaceae. We studied 34 species collected from various phytogeographical areas of Pakistan. Molecular DNA was isolated from fresh leaf specimens of the selected taxa. The rps14 gene was amplified for the isolation of DNA sequencing and the amplified products were sequenced and analyzed for phylogenetic analysis. The sequenced products were analyzed using bioinformatics tools such as MEGA7, I-TASSER (Iterative Threading Assembly Refinement) and SAVES (The Structure Analysis and Verification Server). ExPASY translate tool was used for the translation of nucleotide sequences to amino acid sequences. Phlomis cashmeriana with Origanum vulgare, and Lamium album with Lamium amplexicaul showed a close relationship in both phylogenetic trees with well-represented bootstrap (BS) values. The pairwise distance ranged from 0.013 to 0.19 with an overall mean distance of 0.068 was also observed. I-TASSER software was utilized to predict the 3D protein structures followed by stereochemical analysis. Based on the present finding it is determined that the rps14 gene would be used as a DNA barcode for the identification of plant taxa. Additionally, it is needed for the development of additional reliable molecular markers to resolve the systematics issues in the family Lamiaceae.

Keywords: Lamiaceae; rps14; phylogenetic analysis; I-TASSER; molecular markers

Corresponding author: Asma Ayaz/Tariq Mahmood, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 434200, China/ Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan, E-mail: asmaayaz@bs.qau.edu.pk/tmahmood@qau.edu.pk

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No2(2020), pp. 453-464

Serbia

UDC 575.633.11

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002453E

Original scientific paper

EVALUATION OF GRAIN YIELD STABILITY AND SELECTION OF BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) GENOTYPES UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION REGIMES

Asghar EBADI¹^*, Asghar MEHREBAN², Morteza KAMRANI¹, Manochehr SHIRI¹

¹Department of Plant production, Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resource, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

²Dryland Agricultural Research Institute (DARI). Moghan, Iran

Abstract

Ebadi A., A. Mehreban, M. Kamrani, M. Shiri (2020). Evaluation of grain yield stability and selection of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under different irrigation regimes.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 453-464.

Drought stress is one of the most important limiting factors for the production of crop plants in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Water deficiency during different developmental stages can change the values of yield components. The yield stability of wheat cultivars at different irrigation regimes is one of the important goals of breeders and agronomists. To determine which cultivar can be categorized as high yielding and stable at different irrigation regime, 10 bread wheat cultivars (C1-C10) were evaluated for grain yield under five levels of irrigation in two years. The significant genotype by environment (GE) interaction for yield confirms the differential response of cultivars to drought stress in different stages of plant development. Additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis were used to understand the GE interaction pattern. Based on AMMI parameters, genotypes C3, C6, and C7 exhibit the most stability in different moisture conditions. All three cultivars have been improved for rainfed conditions. Based on AMMI2 mega-environment analysis, Irrigation regimes were categorized into three groups. The first group contained E1 (rainfed) and E2 (interruption of irrigation at the tillering stage), the second group contained environments E3 (at booting stage) and E4 (after anthesis), and the tertiary group contained E5 (optimal irrigation). The results shown that AMMI stability statistics would be useful when static concept of stability is emphasized. But if the time of occurrence of drought stress in a given region is constant, then AMMI mega-environment analysis will be more appropriate.

Keywords: AMMI analysis, bread wheat, drought stress, mega-environment analysis, stability analysis

Corresponding author: Asghar Ebadi, Department of Plant production, Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resource, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. Tel: 989142909840; E-mail: asghar_ebadi@yahoo.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No.2 (2020), pp. 465-476

Serbia

UDC 575.

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002465J

Original scientific paper

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF Myostatin GENE IN MALPURA SHEEP

OF RAJASTHAN

JYOTI¹, Najif AKRAM², R. KUMAR², R.C. SHARMA², S. K. KASHYAP¹,G. R. GOWANE^2*

¹Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Bikaner, Rajasthan, 334001, India

²Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar via Jaipur Rajasthan, 304501, India

Abstract

Jyoti, N. Akram, R. Kumar, R.C. Sharma, S. K. Kashyap,G. R. Gowane (2020). Molecular characterization of myostatin gene in Malpura sheep of Rajasthan.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 465-476.

Objective of study was to characterize the complete sequence of Myostatin (MSTN) gene in Malpura sheep and to study its genetic variability across population. This study is the first ever report of complete Myostatin gene characterization among the Indian sheep breeds. MSTN (GDF-8) is found to be a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth which is responsible for double muscling. The MSTN gene sequence was partitioned in 18 different overlapping fragments (P1 to P18). We obtained a sequence of 8002 bp (MH025940) for complete MSTN gene. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that MSTN gene of Malpura sheep breed is in close relation with that of Texel sheep and far related to pig. A total of 16 nucleotide substitutions were identified, revealing rich genetic diversity. Out of these 16 substitutions, none was observed in exonic region, 2 were observed to be present at promoter, 3 in the 5ꞌUTR, 6 in intron-1, 1 in intron-2 and 4 in 3ꞌUTR. Two substitutions c.373+1189 A or G and c.*202 A or G were found in intron-1 and 3′UTR, respectively and were new. The putative mutation for double muscling in sheep (c.*1232A) was not present in Malpura population (c.*12132G).

Keywords: Characterization; GDF-8; Genetic variability; Malpura sheep; Myostatin gene.

Corresponding author: G.R. Gowane, Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar via Jaipur Rajasthan, 304501, India, E-mail:gopalgowane@gmail.com, Mob:+91-75972887899

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2 (2020), pp. 477-494

Serbia

UDC 575.

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002477K

Original scientific paper

PATHOGENIC SOMATIC ALTERATIONS IN ADVANCED HPV-NEGATIVE CELL SQUAMOUS LARYNGEAL CARCINOMA REVEALED VIA TARGETED NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING

Silva G. KYURKCHIYAN¹^*, Todor M. POPOV², Darina KACHAKOVA¹,Kalina MIHOVA¹, Veronika Y. PETKOVA¹, Julian RANGACHEV², Vanyo I. MITEV¹, Diana P. POPOVA², Radka P. KANEVA¹

¹Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University – Sofia, Bulgaria

²Clinic of ENT, Department of ENT, Medical Faculty, Medical University – Sofia, Bulgaria

Abstract

Kyurkchiyan G.S., T. M. Popov, D. Kachakova,K. Mihova, V. Y. Petkova, J. Rangachev, V. I. Mitev, D. P. Popova, R. P. Kaneva (2020). Pathogenic somatic alterations in advanced HPV-negative cell squamous laryngeal carcinoma revealed via targeted next generation sequencing.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 477-494.

During the last decade, next generation sequencing (NGS) became the major tool for detection of somatic mutations in cancer, but data about mutations in advanced laryngeal squamous carcinomas is still scarce. The aim of this study is to analyze the mutation profile of key oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes in advanced HPV-negative laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. A total of 57 Bulgarian LSCC patients were included. DNA was isolated from fresh-frozen tissues. Targeted NGS was performed using TruSeq Amplicon Panel on Illumina platform, and data was analysed with VarSeq Software. Results revealed altogether 92 known pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in 27 tumour-associated genes. Thirteen new variants were predicted to be pathogenic with four or more prediction programs. The most frequently mutated gene was TP53, with mutations in 84.2%, followed by MET in 19.3%, CDKN2A in 15.8%, PIK3CA in 14% and FBXW7 in 8.8% patients. Interestingly in eight of the supraglottic LSCC patients we found two TP53 mutations and in one subglottic LSCC patient – three TP53 mutations. For the first time the mutational spectrum of three LSCC sub-locations was analyzed and the supraglottis LSCC showed more mutated genes (n=20) compared to glottis (n=10) and subglottis (n=12) tumours. In 9% of the samples we found combined high-risk TP53 and RAS mutations, previously associated with poor overall survival and drug resistance. The analysis revealed that NOTCH1 mutations are not common for LSCC in comparison to other HNC loci. In addition, we found three common polymorphisms in TP53 (p.Pro72Arg), KDR (p.Gln472His) and KIT (p.Met541Leu) genes, strongly associated with angiogenesis, poor prognosis and metastasis and drug sensitivity in cancer diseases. In conclusion, NGS targeted sequencing enables discovery of new mutations in key genes relevant to LSCC, some of which might be useful in selection or development of more precise LSCC treatment approaches in the future.

Keywords: Advanced laryngeal cancer, HPV-negative, NGS targeted sequencing, TP53, somatic mutations

Corresponding author: Silva Garo Kyurkchiyan, Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University – Sofia, Bulgaria, sggiragosyan@abv.bg ; Tel: +359 887 762467

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No.2(2020), pp.495-511

Serbia

UDC 575.

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002495N

Original scientific paper

GENETIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL VARIABILITY IN Ziziphus jujuba Mill.

Seyyedeh Tahereh NABAVI¹, Farah FARAHANI^2*,Masoud SHEIDAI³,

Katayoun POURSAKHI¹, Mohammad Reza NAEINI⁴

¹Department of Horticulture Science, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

²Department of Microbiology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran

³Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

⁴ Department of Horticulture Crops Research, Qom Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Qom, Iran

Abstract

Nabavi S.T., F. Farahani, M. Sheidai, K. Poursakhi, M.R. Naeini (2020). Genetic and morphological variability in Ziziphus jujuba Mill. - Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 495-511.

Ziziphus jujuba (jujube) one of the well-known species of the ziziphus is medicinally important tree species that is also used as food source for its fruits. Conservation and breeding studies are in hand for this horticultural plant and for this reason a thorough population genetic study was performed. We carried out both molecular (Inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism: IRAP) and morphological (fruit characteristics) studies in 71 jujube trees collected randomly from 8 geographical regions in Iran. IRAP markers could differentiate the studied populations, as AMOVA revealed significant genetic difference among the studied populations. Networking and STRUCTURE analyses indicated that the jujube populations can be placed in two main genetic groups. Nm analysis revealed limited gene flow among populations. Jujube populations also differed significantly in their fruit characteristics and PCA analysis showed that these populations are diverged in these characters too. Data obtained can be used in future conservation and breeding studies of this important horticultural plant.

Keywords: Ziziphus jujuba, IRAP, AMOVA, Fruit morphology

Corresponding author: Farah Farahani, Department of Microbiology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran. farahfarahani2000@yahoo.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No.2 (2020), pp.513-525

Serbia

UDC 575.630

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002513K

Original scientific paper

SOME AMPELOGRAPHIC AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LOCAL GRAPE ACCESSIONS FROM TURKEY

Muhammed KUPE

Ataturk University, Agricultural Faculty, Department of Horticulture, Erzurum-Turkey

Abstract

Kupe M. (2020). Some ampelographic and biochemical characteristics of local grape accessions from Turkey.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 513-525.

Some ampelographic and biochemical characteristics of eight local grape accessions grown in Coruh valley in Northeastern Turkey were determined. The standard Turkish grape cultivar Cavus was also included the experiment to make better comparison with local ones. Ampelographic characteristics include bunch size, berry color, berry shape and usage. The biochemical parameters were the phenolic compounds, organic acids, vitamin C and specific sugars. The results showed that there was big diversity among local grape accessions in terms of most of the ampelographic and biochemical characteristics. Bunch size ranged from low to medium. Most of the accessions had round berry shape but elliptical, ellipsoidal and oval shape were also determined. The majority of accessions had purple black berry color. Among phenolic compounds compounds chlorogenic acid, syringic acid and rutin were dominant and varied between 1.394 to 4.858 mg/L; 0.731 to 1.934 mg/ L and 0.986 to 1.068 mg/L, respectively. For all accessions, tartaric acid was the dominant (ranged from 2.636 to 5.376 g/L) and followed by malic acid (ranged from 1.079 to 2.646 g/L). Among the sugars, glucose was found to be the major sugar. Overall the accessions evaluated both ampelographic and biochemical characteristics, it is suggested that the majority of accessions had promising characteristics to include them future breeding activities.

Keywords: Ampelography, bioactive content, diversity, grape, morphology

Corresponding author: Muhammed Kupe, Ataturk University, Agricultural Faculty, Department of Horticulture, Erzurum-Turkey, e-mail: muhammed.kupe@atauni.edu.tr, phone number: +905365000607.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2 (2020), pp. 527-536

Serbia

UDC 575.

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002527M

Original scientific paper

BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR EVALUATION OF MUNGBEAN (Vigna radiata L.) GENOTYPES UNDER DIFFERENT GAMMA RAYS TREATMENTS

Ayaz MALOOK¹, Azhar HUSSAIN SHAH*², Muhammad IJAZ KHAN³, Inam ULLAH KHAN⁴, Saad HUSSAIN SHAH⁵,Ishtiaq HASSAN⁶, Mushtaq Ur REHMAN⁷ , Sohail AHMAD JAN*²

¹Department of Botany Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan

²Department of Biotechnology, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan

³Agricultural Research Station, Ahmad Wala Karak, KP, Pakistan

⁴Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, Pakistan

⁵Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Agriculture University Peshawar, KP, Pakistan

⁶Department of Genetics, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.

⁷Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan.

Abstract

Malook A., A. Hussain Shah, M. I. Khan, I. Ullah Khan, S. Hussain Shah,I. Hassan, M. Ur Rehman , S. Ahmad Jan (2020). Biochemical and molecular evaluation of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) genotypes under different gamma rays treatments.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 527-536.

The gamma rays treated seeds of four mungbean varieties (V1=NM-98, V2= KM1, V3= Inqilab mung and V4= Sona mung) were studied for both biochemical and molecular analysis. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used for the experiment with four treatments using three replications (T0= Control, T1= 5 krad, T2= 10 krad, T3= 15 krad and T4= 20 Krad). Maximum biochemical and molecular based variability was recorded among genotypes. Higher amount of total sugar and proline contents were recorded in the plants grown from the seeds treated with T1, T2, T3 and T4 as compared to the control (T0) plants. On the other hand, effect on the protein content was inversely proportional to the increasing range of the radiations i.e. in T4 treated plants the protein content was low in comparison to the T3, T2, T1 and T0, respectively. However lower protein content was recorded in all treated samples with increasing of gamma radiation doses. The Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were used to check molecular based variability in the allelic pattern at different gamma irradiation treatments. The three primers (OPS-03, OPB-1 and B-11) amplified four extra alleles in the treated plants. These extra bands were observed in NM-98 (after T1, T2 and T3 treatments), KM-1 (after T2, T3 and T4 treatments), Inqilabmung (after T1 treatment) and Sonamung (after T2, T3 and T4 treatments). Variations in physiological, biochemical and more interestingly the molecular (amplification of extra alleles/bands) attributes of the treated plants grown could possibly be due to the changes in the genome of these varieties. However, this study serves as a model to check the effect of gamma rays on other economically important crop species.

Keywords: Biochemical traits; genetic diversity; gamma rays; mungbean; molecular marker.

Corresponding author: Sohail Ahmad Jan and Azhar Husain Shah, Department of Biotechnology, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan, Email: sjan.parc@gmail.com@gmail.com; drahshu@gmail.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No.2 (2020), pp. 537-545

Serbia

UDC 575.

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002537M
Original scientific paper

Susceptibility, heterosis and heterobeltiosis evaluations for fire blight resistance in pear

Kerem MERTOĞLU^1*, Yasemin EVRENOSOĞLU¹, Abdullah Nuri OZSOY²

¹Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Eskisehir, Turkey

²Isparta Applied Sciences University, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Isparta, Turkey

Abstract

Mertoğlu K.,Y. Evrenosoğlu, A. Nuri Ozsoy (2020). Susceptibility, heterosis and heterobeltiosis evaluations for fire blight resistance in pear.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 537-545.

Fire blight is a devastating disease of Pomaceous trees that can cause death of the plants and leading to substantial crop losses. Controlled hybridization is widely used in breeding programs, due to the polygenic nature of fire blight resistance and the complexity of its mechanism. Right choice of parents appears to be the most significant criterion for obtaining genotypes that have desired characteristics. In this study 13 parental pear cultivars and 9749 F₁ pear hybrids that were obtained from 36 different hybridization combinations were evaluated for fire blight resistance. Manifestation of heterosis and heterobeltiosis were also determined. As results of the study, ‘Magness’ is foremost as the most resistant variety, and followed by ‘Ankara’, ‘Moonglow’, ‘Kiefer’ and ‘Kaiser Alexandre’, respectively. ‘Conference’, ‘Williams’ and ‘Santa Maria’ were found susceptible to disease, while ‘Guz’, ‘Limon’, ‘Bursa’, ‘Akca’ and ‘Tas’ were highly susceptible to disease. Maternal parent was more effective for the transmission of fire blight resistance, when compared to pollinator parent. For this reason, it is suggested that disease-resistant varieties should be used as maternal parent. Heterosis was detected in 12 hybridization combinations. However, heterobeltiosis-focused approach was more effective for resistance breeding. For fire blight resistance, ‘Magness ´ Kaiser Alexandre’ and ‘Magness ´ Kiefer’ hybridization combinations that heterobeltiosis was determined are recommended.

Keywords: Erwinia amylovora, maternal effect, genetic, resistance breeding, hybridization

Corresponding author: Kerem Mertoglu,Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Eskisehir, 26160, Turkey, tel: +902223242991; kmertoglu@ogu.edu.tr.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2(2020), pp. 547-558

Serbia

UDC 575.

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002547O
Original scientific paper

AGRO-MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DISEASE-FREE SEED PROPAGATED EUROPEAN CHESTNUTS (Castanea sativa Mill.)

Gursel OZKAN¹, Sezai ERCISLI^1*, Hafize FIDAN², Adriana F. SESTRAS³,

Rayda Ben AYED⁴, Nilda ERSOY⁵

¹Ataturk University, Agricultural Faculty, Department of Horticulture, Erzurum, Turkey

²Department of Nutrition and Tourism, University of Food Technologies, Plovdiv, Bulgaria,

³University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Horticulture, Department of Forestry, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

⁴Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia

⁵Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey

Abstract

Ozkan G., S. Ercisli, H. Fidan, A. F. Sestras, R. Ben Ayed, N. Ersoy (2020). Agro-morphological and biochemical characteristics of disease-free seed propagated European chestnuts (Castanea sativa Mill.).- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 547-558.

Disease and pest free chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) fruits were collected from 13 different seedling origin genotypes during the 2016 harvest season from the Mediterranean region of Turkey. The tree growth habit, nut weight, kernel ratio, kernel color, moisture, crude protein, crude fat, dietary fiber, total polyphenols, antioxidant activity, and fatty acid content of chestnuts were determined. The results showed that most of the genotypes had a semi-upright tree growth habit. The nut weight and kernel ratio were 5.87 g (A-9), 11.13 g (A-1), 73.38% (A-1), and 82.84% (A-12) among genotypes. The total crude fat content ranged from 0.80% (A-11) to 2.14% (A-12) while the crude protein content was between 4.78% (A-10) and 7.96% (A-9). Total polyphenols varied from 78 (A-12) to 124 (A-3) μg GAE/gand antioxidant activity was found to vary between 5.33 (A-12) and 9.83 (A-3) μmoles Trolox equivalent/g dry weight basis. Oleic and linoleic acid were the major fatty acids in all chestnut fruits, followed by palmitic and linolenic acids. The introduction of these genotypes as new cultivars by vegetative propagation may result in an increase in the quality of the chestnuts from the Mediterranean region of Turkey.

Keywords: Chestnut, bioactive content, diversity, fatty acids.

Corresponding author: Hafize Fidan, Department of Nutrition and Tourism, University of Food Technologies, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, hafizefidan@abv.bg.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No.2(2020), pp. 559-569

Serbia

UDC 575.633.11

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002559S

Original scientific paper

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF SPIKE TRAITS IN WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)

Ensieh Es'haghi SHAMSABADI¹, Hossein SABOURI¹^*, Habibollah SOUGHI², Seyed Javad SAJADI¹

¹Department of Plant Production, Collage of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad, Golestan, Iran.

²Horticulture and Agronomy Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran

Abstract

Shamsabadi E. E., H. Sabouri, H. Soughi, S. J. Sajadi (2020). Genetic analysis of spike traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)).- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 559-569.

An 8×8 half diallel cross design was carried out by the Griffing method II of fixed model (I) in a Complete Randomized Block Design using Kouhdasht, Mehregan, Karim, Line17, N80-19, Atrak, N-92-9 and Ehsan cultivars in two replications at the research field of Gonbad Kavous University in 2017. In order to study the impact of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) of traits of wheat maturity including spike length, spike weight, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, awn length, and grain yield. The mean square of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) was significant for all traits at 1% probability level due to the importance of both additive gene action and non-additive gene action on the inheritance of the traits. The obtained results from the ratio of mean square of GCA to SCA indicated that the contribution of dominance was greater than the additive gene in controlling the spike weight and grain yield, while the additive gene effect played a decisive role in the number of grain per spike, length of awn, spike length and weight of spike grain due to the significant ratio of SCA to GCA. According to results number of grains per spike, length of awn, spike length and weight of spike seeds largely had the additive gene variance and had the ability of responsive selection.

Keywords: General combining ability (GCA), Specific combining ability (SCA), Wheat, Yield.

Corresponding author: Hossein Sabouri. Department of Plant Production, Collage of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad, Golestan, Iran. Phone: +98 09 111 438 917, Email: Hossein.sabouri@gonbad.ac.ir

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2(2020), pp. 571-584

Serbia

UDC 575.6302

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002571S

Original scientific paper

VARIABILITY OF SWEET CHESTNUT (Castanea sativa Mill.) IN MONTENEGRO ACCORDING TO MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS OF FRUITS AND UPOV DESCRIPTORS

Milena STOJANOVIĆ¹* and Nenad MAGAZIN²

¹Biotechnical Faculty, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro

²Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia

Stojanović M. and N. Magazin (2020). Variability of sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) in Montenegro according to morphological traits of fruits and UPOV descriptors.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 571-584.

In this preliminary research phenotypic diversity of 40 chestnut trees in four natural sweet chestnut populations in Montenegro (Koštanjica, Ostros, Stoliv and Kostanjica) was investigated. The variations within and among the populations were analyzed based on fruit morphology traits and descriptors established by The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) in order to assess sweet chestnut genetic diversity. The research conducted in 2018 examined six measured and six derived fruit morphology traits as well as seven UPOV descriptors of fruit morphology and leaf bud burst phenology. The following morphometric traits were analyzed: Fruit weight, Fruit height, Fruit width, Fruit thickness, Scar length and Scar width. The following UPOV descriptors were examined: Fruit embryony, Degree of penetration, Fruit shape, Fruit size, Fruit color, Kernel color, Time of leaf bud burst. The results showed that the Mediterranean populations (Stoliv and Kostanjica) have smaller fruits than the sub-Mediterranean populations (Koštanjica and Ostros); their fruits have stronger pellicle intrusion and they exhibit polyembriony more frequently. The average value of Shannon’s diversity index for six UPOV descriptors was 0.66. Cluster analysis with the UPGMA method was used for classification of the tress into groups. Cluster grouping is in concordance with populations' geographical distribution. Sub-Mediterranean populations Ostros and Koštanjica formed 2 clusters with trees from both populations, and another two clusters were formed by trees from Mediterranean populations Kostanjica and Stoliv. Our results indicate a high variability within populations which is important for the conservation of genetic pool of the species. To fully comprehend the variability of sweet chestnut natural populations in Montenegro the research should be expanded on data provided by molecular markers like SSRs as well as further and more detailed assessment of morphological characters.

Keywords: sweet chestnut, variability, morphological traits, Shannon index, cluster analysis

Corresponding author: Milena Stojanović, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Montenegro, Mihaila Lalića 1, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro, E-mail: milenas@ucg.ac.me, phone: +38269088118

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No.2(2020), pp. 585-596

Serbia

UDC 575.633.15

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002585D

Original scientific paper

VARIABILITY OF MAIZE INBRED LINES IN NITROGEN USE EFFCIENCY

Vesna DRAGIČEVIĆ*, Snežana MLADENOVIĆ DRINIĆ, Milena SIMIĆ,

Milan BRANKOV, Zoran DUMANOVIĆ, Mile SEČANSKI, Milena MILENKOVIĆ

Maize Research Institute “Zemun Polje”, Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract

Dragičević V., S. Mladenović Drinić, M. Simić, M. Brankov, Z. Dumanović, M. Sečanski, M. Milenković (2020). Variability of maize inbred lines in nitrogen use effciency.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 585-596.

Nitrogen (N) is an important element for many physiological processes in crops, and grain yield realisation. Nitrogen loss could be significant through leaching and evaporation, and from this reason lower quantities for fertilization are required. A genotype could be an important source for improved N management in crops. Breeding for high yield and nutrient-efficient genotypes is the most important strategy to enable food security, resolve resource scarcity and environmental pollution. Variability of 36 maize lines grown in optimal and low-N (without fertilization) conditions was assessed through grain yield, 1000 kernel weight, N utilization efficiency (NUtE) and N apparent recovery fraction (nitrogen use efficiency – NUE), during seasons 2017 and 2018. The genotype and year are important sources for variation of grain yield, 1000 kernel weight and NUtE, as a factor which defines N utilization efficiency. The lines, such as L1, L6, L13, L16, L26, L27, L32 and L34 are able to achieve higher grain yield when grown on low-N. Furthermore, L16, L22, L24 and L26 have high NUtE values in both experimental years (even in 2017, season with low and unequal precipitation level), especially in low-N treatment. From that point of view, they could be characterized as efficient N users, even in low-N conditions, as well as tolerant to stressful conditions. Nevertheless, L1, L6 and L27 are the lines with negative NUE, what gives them attribute as the best N users in low-N conditions. Based on the similarity of NUtE values, the genotypes such as L2, L3, L4, L8, L11, L12, L14, L15, L16, L18, L19, L24, L26, L32, L33, L34could be considered as the primary focus for further breeding programs, due to the fact that they don’t have only improved NUE, but also high grain yield (even in unfavourable years), which indicates improved tolerance to various abiotic stressful factors.

Keywords: maize lines, low soil nitrogen, nitrogen utilization efficiency, nitrogen apparent recovery fraction, grain yield.

Corresponding author: Vesna Dragičević, Maize Research Institute, Slobodana Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade, Serbia, email:vdragicevic@mrizp.rs

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2(2020), pp. 597-620

Serbia

UDC 575.

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002597D

Original scientific paper

MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS VARIABILITY IN ETHIOPIAN BARLEY (Hordeum vulgare L.) LANDRACE: BASED ON REGIONS AND ALTITUDE

Allo A. DIDO^{1, 2*}, Dawit T. DEGEFU³, B. J. K. SINGH², Kassahun TESFAYE¹and M. S. R. KRISHNA²

¹Ethiopian Biotechnology Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

²KL University, Department of Bio-Technology, Green Field, Vaddeswaram, Guntur Dist. A.P. India

³Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Melkasa Agricultural Research Centre, Plant Biotechnology Research Program, Adama, Ethiopia

Abstract

Dido Allo A., D. T. Degefu, B. J. K. Singh, K. Tesfaye, M. S. R. Krishna (2020). Multivariate analysis of quantitative characters variability in Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landrace: based on regions and altitude.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 597-620.

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is Ethiopia’s most important highland cereal crop and widely growing in most part of the country. Based on high levels of genetic and phenotypic diversity, the country is considered as center of diversity for barley. Assessments of the amount of genetic variation within and among populations are crucial for effective and efficient genetic improvement of the crop. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the diversity of barley landraces collected from various altitudes and regions of Ethiopia. A total of 585 barley landraces and 10 checks were evaluated using augmented randomized complete block design consisting of six blocks. All the 585 landraces were planted in un-replicated plots and the 10 checks were replicated six times (ones in each block) to estimate an error variance. Data on 13 quantitative characters were subjected to calculation of descriptive statistics, ANOVA and multivariate analysis (Unweighted Pair Group Method Analysis (UPGMA) cluster analysis and principal component analysis). There were significant differences (ANOVA, P<0.01) among landraces for plant height, 1000-seed weight, number of seeds per spike, days to heading and days to maturity. All the genotypes were grouped into five clusters where 74.02% of the accessions (433) fall in cluster I, IV and V. Early matured accessions were grouped in cluster I, while late matured, high yielding and tall accessions were clustered in cluster IV. The highest intra-cluster distance was 23.12 for cluster III whereas the highest inter-cluster distance was 57.37 between cluster IV and V. The ﬁrst three principal components contributed 51.76% of the total variations observed among the genotypes. Principal component one (PC1) alone had contributed 22.56% of the total variations mainly due to plant height, 1000-seed weight, grain yield and peduncle length in their respective order. Principal component two (PC2) contributed 18.94% of the total variations mainly through spike density, number of kernels per spike, spike weight and days to maturity in their descending order. Principal component three (PC3) had contributed 10.94% of the total variations through total number of tillers per plant, number of seed-bearing tillers, days to 90% maturity and days to 50% heading. Altitude of the original landrace collection sites also signiﬁcantly impacted the various quantitative characteristics studied. Regional differentiations were also evident among the landrace collections. These results reveal the existence of signiﬁcant agro-morphological variations among the landraces included in this study. Based on the characters considered and populations evaluated, the marked diversity observed among the barley landraces in Ethiopia could be utilized in future crop improvement for various agronomically important traits. The information generated complements the robust barley breeding program of competitive, stable and climate-resilient varieties of end users’ preferences in different agro-ecologies of Ethiopia.

Keywords: Barley, cluster analysis, genetic variation, landraces, principal component analysis

Corresponding author: Allo A. Dido, Ethiopian Biotechnology Institute, P. O. Box 32853, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, E-mail: alloaman2010@gmail.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2(2020), pp. 621-639

Serbia

UDC 575.633.11

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002621R

Original scientific paper

GENE EFFECTS AND HETEROSIS FOR GRAIN Fe AND Zn CONTENT IN BARNYARD MILLET (Echinochloa frumentacea (Roxb.) Link)

Vellaichamy Gandhimeyyan RENGANATHAN^1*, Chockalingam VANNIARAJAN¹, Angamuthu NIRMALAKUMARI², Paramasivam ARUNACHALAM¹, Subramanium THIYAGESHWARI³, Adhimoolam KARTHIKEYAN⁴ and Mahalingam GOVINDARAJ⁵

¹Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai -625104,

²Centre of Excellence in Millets, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tiruvannamalai-606603,

³Department of Soils and Environment Science, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai -625104

⁴Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai -625104,

⁵International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad-502324, India.

Abstract

Renganathan V. G., C. Vanniarajan, A. Nirmalakumari, P. Arunachalam, S. Thiyageshwari, A. Karthikeyan, M. Govindaraj (2020). Gene effects and heterosis for grain Fe and Zn content in barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea (Roxb.) Link).- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 621-639.

Barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea) is an unexplored nutri-rich crop that thrives well in harsh environments and supports many small farmers in Southern and Eastern Asia. Although it has rich sources of micronutrients, the genetic studies are very limited which further impedes in its genetic improvement. Therefore, we attempted to assess the genetic diversity for Fe and Zn content in 40 barnyard millet germplasm and to evaluate the combining ability and heterosis in sixteen F₁ cross combinations through line × tester model. The Mahalanobis D² analysis grouped the 40 genotypes into nine different clusters. Cluster III and I were the largest groups containing 22 and 6 genotypes, respectively and the rest of seven clusters were the lowest group containing one or two genotypes. Positive correlation was observed between Fe and Zn content though both had a non-significant association with grain yield. This indicate that there would not be any compromise on increase or decrease of grain yield while breeding for varieties high in micronutrient content. Combining ability analysis revealed that lines, testers, and their interaction components are significant. The predictability ratio indicated the predominance of additive variance for Fe and Zn content and non-additive variance in the inheritance of yield components. Genotypes, ACM 331, ACM 333, ACM 335 and MA 10 exhibited positive gca effects for Fe and Zn content and grain yield. Two cross combinations, ACM 331 × ACM 335 and ACM 331 × MA 10 involved one or both the parents with good gca eﬀects exhibited, high mean, positive mid-parent heterosis and sca eﬀects for Fe, Zn content and yield components. Thus, the present investigation provided a significant understanding of the gene action and the possibility of utilizing the selected parents and cross combination for exploiting micronutrient traits in barnyard millet crop.

Keywords: Barnyard millet, correlation, combining ability, GCA, SCA, gene action, heterosis, micronutrients, Line × Tester analysis

Corresponding author: Vellaichamy Gandhimeyyan Renganathan, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai -625104, E-mail: vgrenga@gmail.com, mobile: 91+9843376275

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2(2020), pp.641-650

S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

UDC 575.

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002641V

Original scientific paper

ESTIMATION OF GENETIC PARAMETERS AND BREEDING VALUES FOR DAILY MILK PRODUCTION OF DAIRY SIMMENTALS IN TERMS OF HEAT STRESS

Goran VUČKOVIĆ¹, Tina BOBIĆ^2*,Pero MIJIĆ², Mirna GAVRAN²,Maja GREGIĆ²,

Klemen POTOČNIK³, Vladan BOGDANOVIĆ⁴, Vesna GANTNER²

¹Rinderunion Baden-Württemberg, Herbertingen, Germany

²Department for animal production and biotechnology, Faculty of agrobiotechnology Osijek, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Osijek, Croatia

³ Department of Animal Science, Biotechnichal Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

⁴ Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract

Vučković G., T. Bobić,P. Mijić, M. Gavran,M. Gregić, K. Potočnik, V. Bogdanović, V. Gantner (2020). Estimation of genetic parameters and breeding values for daily milk production of dairy Simmentals in terms of heat stress.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 641-650.

Variance components for daily milk production as well as breeding value of dairy Simmentals for daily milk production in terms of heat stress defined as different values of THI threshold values (72, 74, and 76) were estimated using 1,636,192 test-day records provided by the Croatian Agricultural Agency. Temperature-humidity index (THI) calculated from ambient temperature and relative humidity recorded in the barns on the milk recording day was used as the measure of heat stress. Bivariate estimation model accounted variances due to lactation stage, calving season, age at calving, breeding region, parity, permanent environment, interaction between hear and year, and individual animal. Obtained high genetic correlations between the daily milk production in normal and condition characterized by heat stress, as well as very high correlations between the EBVs in normal and heat stress conditions indicate animals’ high level of acclimatization to the environment on dairy cattle farms. Since microclimate measurements were carried out only once at a milk recording day, these results should be taken with caution. Generally, further research with multiple daily measurements of the microclimate parameters in the facilities is necessary to provide a fully unambiguous conclusion.

Keywords: daily milk yield, heat stress, resistance, genetic parameters, Simmental breed.

Corresponding author: Tina Bobić, Department for animal production and biotechnology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Osijek, Croatia, Tel: +385 31 554 859; fax: +385 31 554 853. E-mail: tbobic@fazos.hr

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2(2020), pp.651-660

S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

UDC 575.

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002651K

Original scientific paper

EVALUATION OF GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF HALF SIB PROGENIES

OF Toona ciliata M. ROEM UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

Mohit KUNDAL, Sapna THAKUR^* and G.P.S. DHILLON

Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab

Abstract

Kundal M., S. Thakur, G.P.S. Dhillon (2020). Valuation of growth performance of half sib progenies of Toona ciliata m. roem under field conditions.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 651-660.

The study was conducted to evaluate the juvenile growth performance of half sib progenies of twenty four genotypes of Toona ciliata M. Roem under field conditions of Punjab, India. Seed source (S₃) Ludhiana exhibited outstanding performance for growth parameters. Among genotypes progenies of S₃G₇ (Ludhiana), S₃G₈ (Ludhiana), S₁G₁ (Talwara) and S₂G₄ (Kamahi Devi) were found to be most promising for growth traits. The phenotypic coefficient of variation values were observed higher for all the parameters than genotypic coefficient of variation. Moderate heritability and genetic gain was observed for branch angle and plant height. Highly significant and positive genotypic and phenotypic correlations were observed for plant height with collar diameter and stem straightness and collar diameter with number of branches per plant. The genotypes were clustered into three distinct groups with maximum diversity of (30.68) between clusters I and cluster III and can be utilized for future heterotic breeding.

Keywords: Seed source, genotype, variability, heritability, correlation, divergence

Corresponding author: Sapna Thakur, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, sapnathakur@pau.edu

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2(2020), pp. 661-672

Serbia

UDC 575.630

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002661J

Original scientific paper

PREDICTING HETEROSIS AND F1 PERFORMANCE IN SPRING RAPESEED (Brassica napus L.): GENETIC DISTANCE BASED ON MOLECULAR OR PHENOTYPIC DATA?

Mirjana JANKULOVSKA^1*, Sonja IVANOVSKA¹, Ana MARJANOVIĆ JEROMELA², Dragana MILADINOVIĆ², Biljana KUZMANOVSKA¹, Dragana RAJKOVIĆ²

¹Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food - Skopje, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia

²Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia

Abstract

Jankulovska M., S. Ivanovska, A. Marjanović Jeromela, D. Miladinović, B. Kuzmanovska, D. Rajković (2020). Predicting heterosis and F1 performance in spring rapeseed (Brassica napus L.): genetic distance based on molecular or phenotypic data?.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 661-672.

In rapeseed, there is a constant need for increasing its genetic diversity, particularly through breeding of hybrid varieties in order to produce genotypes with improved seed yield, as well as other important agronomic traits. However, to create commercial hybrids, the knowledge of the genetic diversity of the parents is prerequisite, considering that the hybrid’s performance greatly depends on the choice of parental lines. There is a lack of information about using the genetic distance to determine the extent of heterosis in spring rapeseed in Europe. The goals of this research were to determine the genetic variability of rapeseed breeding material for important agricultural traits, to analyse the differences in grouping of the parental genotypes based on their genetic distances determined by morphological traits and molecular markers and to estimate the correlation of the differently established parental genetic distances with hybrid performance, heterosis, general combining ability of both parents and specific combining ability in crosses. This will provide novel information for parental selection in order to develop a better approach for prediction of heterosis in spring rapeseed hybrid breeding program. The field trial included ten spring rapeseed genotypes that were crossed in a half diallel fashion thus making 45 hybrid combinations. Distances between parents were calculated based on data from 14 analysed phenotypic traits and 64 SSR markers. The obtained results showed that the parental genetic distance based on phenotypic traits was better in predicting heterosis and combining ability in comparison with the distance estimated by SSR analysis. Although the obtained results revealed that the genetic distance based on molecular markers had no correlation with mid-parent and high-parent heterosis, further studies are needed with a larger number and different types of markers to draw the final conclusion.

Keywords: combining ability, heterosis, phenotype analysis, rapeseed, SSR markers.

Corresponding author: Mirjana Jankulovska,Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food - Skopje, blvd. 16ta Makedonska brigada no. 3, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia, mjankulovska@fznh.ukim.edu.mk phone: 0038971352252

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2(2020), pp. 673-688

Serbia

UDC 575.

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002673E

Original scientific paper

EFFECT OF PREPARTUM VITAMIN E AND SELENIUM ADMINISTRATION ON POSTPARTUM GENE EXPRESSION AND METABOLIC PROFILE OF IMMUNE AND OXIDATIVE MARKERS IN BARKI EWES

Ahmed EL-SAYED¹, Maged EL-ASHKER², Eman EBISSY¹, Ahmed ATEYA^*3

¹Department of Animal health and Poultry, Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center (DRC), Matariya, Cairo, Egypt

²Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt

³Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt

Abstract

El-Sayed A., M. El-Ashker, E. Ebissy, A. Ateya (2020). Effect of prepartum vitamin E and selenium administration on postpartum gene expression and metabolic profile of immune and oxidative markers in Barki ewes.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 673-688.

The present study aimed at evaluating the influence of administration of vitamin E and selenium (VE/Se) on the gene expression pattern of some immune-metabolic variables as well as the oxidative stress markers in Barki ewes during the transition period. Sixty clinically healthy Barki ewes were studied. Two weeks prior to lambing, the investigated ewes were allocated into three equal-sized groups and assigned to receive one of the following supplements: (G1) received sterile saline solution (0.9 % NaCl) and considered as a control group; (G2) received a single intramuscular injection of VE/Se at a dose of 6.66 IU/kg BW VE, and 0.133 mg/kg BW Se; while G3 received the same dose of VE/Se but repeated at the time of lambing. Blood samples were collected from each ewe at the following time points: two weeks before lambing (-14), at time of lambing (0), and two weeks following the date of lambing (+14), for molecular and biochemical analyses. Our findings demonstrated that VE/Se supplementation had improved the gene expression of interleukin (IL)5, IL6, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), toll interacting rotein (Tollip), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), catalase (CAT), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACACA), fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1(SCD). A moderate degree of negative energy balance was seen at the time of lambing and two weeks later as evidenced by the values of metabolic variables including glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), and cholesterol levels. A repeated dose VE/Se supplementation provoked a significant effect on glucose, total cholesterol, NEFA, malondialdehyde (MDA), total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and lamb birth bodyweight compared with other groups. A prepartum supplementation of VE/Se could be considered an effective strategy for enhancing the metabolic and antioxidant status of late pregnant Barki ewes and productive performance of their lambs.

Keywords: Vitamin E/Se, immunity, transition period, Barki ewes, Gene expression.

Corresponding author: Ahmed Ateya, Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt, Tel.: +2-01003541921; E-mail address: ahmed_ismail888@yahoo.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2(2020), pp. 689-698

Serbia

UDC 575.633.15

2https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002689N

Original scientific paper

MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF MAIZE SEEDLINGS TO CHILLING STRESS

Ana NIKOLIC*, Natalija KRAVIC, Danijela RISTIC, Violeta ANDJELKOVIC,

Ksenija MARKOVIC, Jelena VANCETOVIC, Dragana IGNJATOVIC-MICIC

Maize Research Institute “Zemun Polje”, Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract

Nikolic A., N. Kravic, D. Ristic, V. Andjelkovic, K. Markovic, J. Vancetovic, D. Ignjatovic-Micic (2020). Morphological and physiological response of maize seedlings to chilling stress.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 689-698.

Although accompanied with adverse low temperatures, early maize sowing could be used to avoid drought during flowering and diminish yield losses. Herein, a small-scale experiment of low temperature stress (LTS) on maize lines L1 (tolerant), L2 (medium tolerant) and L3 (susceptible) is presented. Plants were grown in pots exposed to exterior suboptimal (March) and optimal (late April) temperatures until three leaf stage. Chlorophyll (CH), flavonoids (FL), anthocyanins (AN) and nitrogen balance (NBI) indices were measured using Dualex Scientific optical device. Growth parameters were also determined. Under LTS, number of plants was unchanged for L1 and halved for L2 and L3. Compared to L2 and L3, L1 had significantly higher (p<0.05) shoot fresh weight (0.649 g vs. 0.406 g and 0.303 g), AN (0.17 vs. 0.13) and FL (1.47 vs. 1.38 and 1.36). For recovery evaluation, plants were transplanted into the field. Transplanted stressed L1 plants showed the highest grain yield per plant (55g) in the field. Due to high correlations (p<0.01) between FL in three leaf stage and grain yield per plant, FL could be used as an indicator of plant recovery of maize genotypes exposed to LTS during early sowing.

Keywords: chlorophyll, growth, low temperature, phenolic compounds, plant recovery

Corresponding author: Ana Nikolić, Maize Research Institute “Zemun Polje”, Slobodana Bajića 1, Belgrade, SerbiaE-mail: anikolic@mrizp.rs, Phone: + 381 64 840 6216

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2(2020), pp.699-709

Serbia

UDC 575.

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002699F

Original scientific paper

GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS AND EXPRESSION PATTERNS OF TLR4 GENE

IN COMMERCIAL BROILER BREEDS

M. M. FOUDA¹, I. E. EL ARABY², A. I. ATEYA^1*, A. A. ELZEER¹

¹Department of Animal Husbandry and Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

²Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt

Abstract

Fouda M. M., I. E. EL Araby, A. I. Ateya, A. A. Elzeer (2020). Genetic polymorphisms and expression patterns of TLR4 gene in commercial broiler breeds.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 699-709.

Genetic polymorphisms and expression pattern of TLR4 gene were studied in 300 one-day-old chicks of three breeds (Cobb, Avian and Ross) using PCR-RFLP and real time PCR. Blood samples were collected from chicks of each breed for DNA extraction. Spleens from randomly selected ten female chicks from each breed were collected for RNA extraction. PCR-TaqI digestion of 596-bp of a fragment of exon 1 of TLR4 gene revealed two fragments (460 and 136-bp) for the genotype BB in all breeds and three fragments (596, 460 and 136-bp) for the genotype AB in Ross and Avian breeds. The incidence of TLR4 genotypes and the frequencies of alleles indicated that B allele was more frequent than A allele in the population of all breeds. Gene expression pattern of TLR4 revealed a significant up-regulation in Avian breed than Cobb and Ross as shown by the lower value of ΔCT. It could be concluded that genetic TLR4/TaqI locus polymorphism could be used as a marker assisted selection (MAS) for immune traits in commercial breeds of broilers. Also, changes in the expression patterns of TLR4 gene could be a biomarker to follow up immune status of chicks to predict the most susceptible risk time for disease incidence and to build up an effective management regimen.

Keywords: TLR4 gene polymorphisms, broiler, PCR-RFLP, real time PCR

Corresponding author: A. I. Ateya, Department of Animal Husbandry and Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt, ahmed_ismail888@yahoo.com Tel: +2-01003541921, FAX: +2-050-2372592.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2(2020), pp. 711-726

Serbia

UDC 575.633.11

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002711H
Original scientific paper

VARIABILITY, HERITABILITY, CHARACTER ASSOCIATION, AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS IN ADVANCED BREEDING LINES OF RICE

(Oryza sativa L.)

Md. HASAN-UD-DAULA¹, Umakanta SARKER^1*

¹Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh.

Abstract

Hasan-Ud-Daula M. and U. Sarker (2020). Variability, heritability, character association, and path coefficient analysis in advanced breeding lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.).- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 711-726.

Seven advanced breeding lines developed through hybridization breeding program and a popular cultivar were used to study variability, heritability, character association, and path coefficient analysis in rice for grain yield and its related agronomic traits. The results indicated that genotypes differed significantly in terms of grain yield and its related agronomic traits. Pronounced variations were observed for all the traits except for growth duration and harvest index. High genetic variability was observed for number of filled grains per panicle, number of secondary branches per panicle, plant height, spikelet sterility (%), grain yield per hill, number of primary branches per panicle, 1000-grain weight, duration of flowering and maturity, number of tillers per hill, number of panicles per hill, and panicle length. Based on high heritability and high GA and GAPM along with close values between σ²_g vs. σ²_p and GCV vs. PCV all the traits (except for harvest index, number of primary branches per panicle, days to maturity, and days to flowering) could be selected for improving the grain yield of rice as these traits exhibited less influence of environment. The significant and desirable correlations were observed for number of filled grains per panicle, number of secondary branches per panicle, spikelet sterility (%), days to flowering both at genotypic and phenotypic level. Considering genetic parameters, correlation, and path coefficient analysis, direct selection based on number of filled grains per panicle and spikelet sterility would significantly increase the grain yield of rice. So, direct selection based on these traits would be effective for the improvement of these breeding materials. The residual effect was found 0.1386 which indicated that 86.14% of the variability was accounted for grain yield and yield contributing traits included in the present study. Rest 13.86% variability might be controlled by other yield contributing traits that were not included in the present investigation.

Keywords: Range, genotypic variance (σ²_p), phenotypic variance (σ²_p), genetic advance, heritability, correlation, path coefficient, grain yield, yield related traits, rice.

Corresponding author: Umakanta Sarker, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh. Postal Code 1706. Phone: +880-1716606098, Email: umakanta@bsmrau.edu.bd

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2(2020), pp 727-734

Serbia

UDC 575.630

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002727K
Original scientific paper

GENE EFFECT STUDIES FOR QUALITY CHARACTERS IN CUCUMBER (Cucumis sativus L.) USING GYNOECIOUS PARENT

Tanveer KAUR, R.K. DHALL*, Sat Pal SHARMA

Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, INDIA

Abstract

Kaur T., R.K. Dhall, S. P. Sharma (2020). Gene effect studies for quality characters in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) using gynoecious parent.-.Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 727-734.

Six generations (P₁, P₂, F₁, F₂, BC₁P₁ and BC₁P₂) of cucumber were developed from crossing gynoecious parent (Gy-14) with three commercial varieties (Pusa Uday, Punjab Naveen and Pant Kheera-1) during Feb-May 2017 and September-December 2017 and were evaluated during Feb-May 2018 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana to find out the genetics of quality characters in cucumber. From the ABCD scaling test and three parameter model of joint scaling test, the absence of non-allelic interactions was detected for total soluble solids, ascorbic acid in Gy-14 × Pusa Uday and Gy-14 × Pant Kheera-1 and mineral matter, improved by selection of desirable segregants followed by pedigree method. Among epistatic interactions, in trait such as ascorbic acid in Gy-14 × Punjab Naveen, dominance × dominance interaction was higher in magnitude, therefore these traits can be improved by heterosis breeding.

Keywords: cucumber, gene interactions, inheritance, quality

Corresponding author: R.K.Dhall, Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, INDIA. Ph (M): +91-8283840078, E-mail: rajinderkumar@pau.edu

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No.2(2020), pp. 735-750

UDC 575.630

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002735K

Original scientific paper

YIELD AND QUALITY PROPERTIES OF SOME ORIENTAL TOBACCO

(Nicotiana tabacum L.) HYBRIDS*

Ahmet KINAY¹, Güngör YILMAZ¹, Nejdet KANDEMIR¹

Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops,

Tokat, Turkey

Abstract

Kinay A., G. Yilmaz, N. Kandemir (2020). Yield and quality properties of some oriental tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) hybrids.- Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 735-750.

Turkey is an important tobacco producing country and leading the world in oriental tobacco production. In the present study, effect of heterosis on yield and quality of oriental tobacco was investigated, and development of oriental tobacco hybrids with high yield and quality properties for Black Sea region of Turkey was targeted. Seven oriental tobacco genotypes with considerable acreages in Turkey (Xanthi-2A, Nail, Gümüşhacıköy, Taşova, Katerini, Canik, Erbaa) and 21 hybrids produced by half-diallel crosses among them were compared. Field trials were conducted in Erbaa and Bafra locations in 2012 and 2013 growing periods. Cured leaf yields, reducing sugar and nicotine contents of leaves and expertise quality were studied. Xanthi-2A × Katerini (1.70 t ha^-1 cured leaf yield and 75% quality grade index) and Nail × Katerini (1.64 t ha^-1 cured leaf yield and 75% quality grade index) hybrids showed good yield and quality properties in Erbaa conditions, while Nail × Katerini (1.88 t ha^-1 cured leaf yield and 75% quality grade index) and Katerini × Erbaa (1.65 t ha^-1 cured leaf yield and 78% quality grade index) had good yield and quality properties in Bafra conditions. It has been concluded that hybrid cultivars that can meet the demands of tobacco sector could be developed from some currently grown oriental tobacco cultivars in Turkey. Based on average of locations, an average of 16.20% and 6.85% heterosis were found as the average of all hybrids for cured leaf yield and expertise quality. Yield effects due to heterosis could be increased in future by adopting growing techniques adjusted for hybrids.

Keywords: Diallel crossing, quality grade index, nicotine content, oriental tobacco, reducing sugar

Corresponding author: Ahmet Kinay, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Tokat, Turkey, ahmetkinay@gmail.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2(2020), pp. 751-764

Serbia

UDC 575.630

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002751N

Original scientific paper

GENETIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF COTTON CULTIVARS UNDER SALT STRESS

Zahra NOORMOHAMMADI^1*, Elham TORABIZADEH¹, Farah FARAHANI²,

Omran ALISHAH³, Masoud SHEIDAI⁴

¹Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

²Department of Microbiology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran

³ Cotton Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (ARREO), Gorgan, Iran

⁴ Faculty of life Sciences and Bioechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Noormohammadi Z., E. Torabizadeh, F. Farahani, O. Alishah, M. Sheidai (2020). Genetic and physiological analysis of cotton cultivars under salt stress.-.Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 751-764.

The salinity caused changes in plant metabolic processes. Cotton is one of the important fiber products which may be affected by salinity stress in Iran. In the present study, the effects of salinity stress and salicylic acid (SA) as improvement of abiotic stress were examined on biochemical traits and retrotransposon based markers profile (IRAP and REMAP) in cotton cultivars. Cotton seeds of two cultivars (GT40 and NNC) were cultivated in pots and different treatments; control plants with normal irrigation, 0.5 and 1mM SA, 100 and 150mM NaCl treatments and, combination of 0.5mM SA and 150mM NaCl were performed. Physiological, morphological, cellular and, genetic diversity parameters were measured after treating and following seven days of irrigation. Activity of antioxidant enzymes; catalase, peroxidase and proline in 150mM NaCl treated plants were more than other treatments. In comparison to two cultivars, GT40 cultivar had a higher activity of antioxidant enzymes. Based on retrotransposon based markers analyses, the highest heterozygosity was shown in 0.5mM SA treatment of GT40 cultivar as well as 0.5 mM SA, 150mM NaCl treatments in NNC cultivar. Totally, GT40 showed the highest genetic variation in retrotransposon profiles. The Salt stress and salicylic acid treatment provided discriminate profiles from retrotransposon movement.

Keywords: Cotton, retrotransposon, salinity stress, salicylic acid.

Corresponding author: Zahra Noormohammadi, Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Tel/Fax Number: +98 44865939; E-mail address: marjannm@yahoo.com z-nouri@srbiau.ac.ir

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No. 2(2020), pp. 765-776

Serbia

UDC 575.630

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002765V

Original scientific paper

GENETIC DIVERSITY AND RELATIONSHIP OF TUNISIAN CASTOR

(Ricinus communis L.) GENOTYPES REVEALED BY SSR MARKERS

Martin VIVODÍK*¹, Ezzeddine SAADAOUI², Želmíra BALÁŽOVÁ¹, Zdenka GÁLOVÁ¹

¹Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Nitra, Slovak Republic

²National Institute of Research in Rural Engineering, Waters and Forests (INRGREF), Regional Station of Gabès, Tunisia

Abstract

Vivodík M., E. Saadaoui, Ž. Balážová, Z. Gálová (2020). Genetic diversity and relationship of Tunisian castor (Ricinus communis L.) genotypes revealed by SSR markers-.Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 765-776.

The aim of this study was to assess genetic diversity within the set of 55 Tunisian castor genotypes using 20 SSR primers. PCR amplification of DNA using 20 primers for SSR analysis produced 141 DNA fragments that could be scored in all 55 genotypes of castor. The number of amplified fragments varied from 4 (Rco 15) to 10 (Rco 29 and Rco 33). Of the 141 amplified bands, all 141 were polymorphic, with an average of 7.05 polymorphic bands per primer. The polymorphism information content (PIC) value varied from 0.719 (Rco 15) to 0.879 (Rco 29), with an average of 0.825 and index diversity (DI) value varied from 0.745 (Rco 15) to 0.881 (Rco 29) with an average of 0.832. 100% of used SSR markers had PIC and DI values higher than 0.7 that means high polymorphism of chosen markers used for analysis. Probability of identity (PI) was low ranged from 0.002 (Rco 29 and Rco 41) to 0.018 (Rco 15) with an average of 0.007. A dendrogram based on UPGMA analysis separated 55 Tunisian castor genotypes into 4 clusters (1, 2, 3, 4). Knowledge on the genetic diversity of castor can be used for future breeding programs for increased oil production to meet the ever increasing demand of castor oil for industrial uses as well as for biodiesel production.

Keywords: ricin, microsatellites markers, polymorphism, dendrogram, PIC

Corresponding author: Martin Vivodík, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, Nitra, phone: +421376414269, e-mail: martin.vivodik@uniag.sk

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52 No. 2(2020), pp. 777-786

Serbia

UDC 575.630

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002777A

Original scientific paper

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF L. sativus L. COLLECTION BASED

ON ISSR MARKERS

Almas ASADOVA¹, Sevda BABAYEVA¹, Vusala IZZATULLAYEVA¹, Seadet AKBAROVA², Gunel AGHAZADE³, Ilhama MIRZALIYEVA¹, Mehraj ABBASOV^1,2*

¹Genetic Resources Institute of ANAS, Baku, Azerbaijan

²Baku State University, Faculty of Biology, Baku, Azerbaijan

³Azerbaijan State Agrarian University, Ganja, Azerbaijan

Abstract

Asadova A., S. Babayeva, V. Izzatullayeva, S. Akbarova, G. Aghazade, I. Mirzaliyeva, M. Abbasov (2020). Molecular characterization of L. sativus L. collection based on ISSR markers-.Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 777-786.

Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) marker system was used to evaluate the genetic diversity of local and introduced grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) genotypes. A total of 144 bands were amplified using 10 ISSR markers, of which 122 were polymorphic among the accessions. The percentage of DNA polymorphism varied from 66.6% to 96%, with a mean of 86%. UBC 857, UBC 810 and UBC 835 with high effective multiplex ratio (EMR), marker index (MI) and resolving power (RP) values were estimated as the most informative primers for distinguishing L. sativus genotypes. High genetic diversity was detected in the grass pea germplasm. The genetic diversity index (GDI) ranged between 0.42 and 0.92, with an average value of 0.75 for the whole collection. The cluster analysis with 5000 bootstrapping value divided grasspea accessions into four major clusters. Most accessions were placed into the same cluster close to each other with regard to their botanical varieties. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) agreed with the cluster analysis and clearly discriminated the accessions into two genetically distinct groups. The first three coordinate axes accounted for 84.3% of the total variation. The result of the cluster and PCoA analyzes underline the importance of consideration of botanical variety traits in grasspea breeding programs. It can be concluded that the present germplasm constitutes an important pool of diversity for further genetic analysis, linkage mapping and breeding activities.

Keywords: grasspea; ISSR; genetic diversity; PCoA; cluster analysis

Corresponding author: Mehraj Abbasov, Genetic Resources Institute of ANAS, Baku State University, Phone: +994505327819, E_mail: mehraj_genetic@yahoo.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 52, No.2(2020), pp. 787-803

Serbia

UDC 575.630

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002787K

Original scientific paper

MICRO-MORPHOLOGY AND MOLECULAR INVESTIGATIONS IN SOME CARDUUS SPECIES IN IRAN

Jafar KAZEMIAN, Masoud SHEIDAI^*, Fahimeh KOOHDAR, Hejraneh AZIZI, Somayyeh GHASEMZADEH-BARAKI

Faculty of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Kazemian J., M. Sheidai, F. Koohdar, H. Azizi, S. Ghasemzadeh-Baraki (2020). Micro-morphology and molecular investigations in some Carduus species in Iran-.Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 787-786.

The genus Carduus L. comprised about 90 species, some of which are medicinally important and have high content of flavonoids, and phenolic acids. There are about nine Carduus species growing in Iran, out of which one species is endemic. Biosystematic investigation of the genus has been confined to morphological and palynological studies only and we do not have information on molecular study, species relationships and genetic structure of Carduus taxa in the country. We therefore, carried out multiple data set analyses of these species for the first time by using micro-morphological and molecular characteristics and provide data on species diversification and their affinities for the first time. The results showed that micro-morphological data can differentiate Carduus species, while the species relationship obtained by different approaches may disagree in some points. The results suggest that complexity observed in the taxonomy of the genus Carduus may be due to historical introgression events occurred between nuclear and chloroplast genomes during species diversification.

Keywords: Carduus L., micro-morphology, ISSR, phylogeny, introgression.

Corresponding author: Masoud Sheidai, Faculty of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, E-mail: msheidai@yahoo.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“Vol. 52, No.2(2020), pp. 805-814

Serbia

UDC 575.630

https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002805R
Original scientific paper

COMBINING ABILITY OF PLANT HEIGHT, SEED YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS IN RAPESEED

Valiollah RAMEEH

Agronomic and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO Sari

Abstract

Rameeh V. (2020). Combining ability of plant height, seed yield and quality traits in rapeseed.-.Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 805-814.

General and specific combining ability (GCA and SCA) effects of plant height, seed yield, oil and protein contents and also oil and protein yields were estimated for three testers and six lines of spring type of rapeseed using line × tester mating design. Analysis of variance for parents and crosses for all the traits indicated significant genetic variation among the parents and their F₁ offspring. Parents vs crosses mean squares, indicating average heterosis effects, were significant for all the traits except oil and protein contents. High narrow-sense heritability estimates were found for all the traits, except protein yield, indicating the prime importance of additive genetic effects. Correlation analysis based on GCA effects and means value indicating that oil percentage and seed yield had important effects on oil yield. Opt×R01, RG06×R01, RG06×R08 and RG3×R08 with 3241.91, 3213.68, 3334.28 and 3237.45 kg ha^-1 of seed yield were merit cross combinations for improving this trait and all of these combinations had also positive SCA effect for this trait.

Keywords: genetic variation, oil content, line × tester, seed yield.

Corresponding author: Valiollah Rameeh, Agronomic and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO Sari, rameeh@gmail.com

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Published in „GENETIKA“Vol. 52, No.2(2020), pp. 815-823

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2002815L

Original scientific paper

ESTIMATION OF GROWTH CURVE PARAMETERS IN MEHRABAN SHEEP USING DIFFERENT NON-LINEAR MODELS

MEYSAM LATIFI¹* and MEHDI BOHLOULI²

¹Independent researcher, Hamadan, Iran

²Institute Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany

Abstract

Latifi M. and M. Bohlouli (2020). Estimation of growth curve parameters in Mehraban sheep using different non-linear.-.Genetika, Vol 52, No.2, 815-823.

The aim of this study was to compare non-linear models to determine which model describes the growth pattern best for daily weight records of Mehraban sheep. The Non-linear Negative exponential, Brody, Gompertz, Logistic, and von Bertalanffy models were applied. The data was collected between 2001 and 2010 from Mehraban breeding unit of the Agriculture Organization of Hamadan province in western Iran that were included 8299 daily weight records from 2206 animals from birth to 409 days of age. The NLIN procedure in SAS software was used to evaluate changes in body weight among different weighing age. The best model was determined by Adjusted Coefficient of Determination (), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) criteria, Akaike’s information criteria (AIC) and Bayesian information criteria (BIC). For all models, were mostly higher than 93%. Based on used criteria, the Brody model was selected as the best Model to explain the biological growth of Mehraban sheep. The results revealed that the Brody model can be practically useful for setting management strategies such as determining nutritional programs and the appropriate age for slaughter of Mehraban sheep.

Keywords: adult weight, Gompertz model, growth trait, model comparison

Corresponding author: Meysam Latifi, Independent researcher, Hamadan, Iran, mlganjnameh@gmail.com

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