GENETIKA, Vol. 56, No.1 (2024)

 

Abdullah FİDA, Nurhan KESKİN, Parisa Pourali KAHRİZ, Mahsa Pourali KAHRİZ, Khalid Mahmood KHAWAR

EVIDENCE OF EFFICIENT in vitro MICROPROPAGATION FROM BULB SCALES OF STARCH GRAPE HYACINTH (Muscari neglectum Guss. Ex. Ten.) [Abstract] [Full text]

 

S. DHIVYA and S. MOHANAVALLI

GENETIC ALGORITHM BASED ATTENTION UNET OPTIMIZATION FOR BREAST TUMOR SEGMENTATION [Abstract] [Full text]

 

Mehmet KARAMAN, Mehmet YILDIRIM, Cuma AKINCI

DEMONSTRATION THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NDVI WITH GGE BIPLOT MODEL IN DETERMINATION OF HIGH YIELDING DURUM WHEAT(Triticum durum Desf.) GENOTYPES [Abstract] [Full text] 

U. C. ISAAC, N. J. OKAFOR, B. C. NWACHUKWU, J. C. ALBERT, C.F. ANIEMENA, C. A. IGBOKWE

STEPWISE CANONICAL DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS FOR MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THREE STRAINS OF BROILER CHICKEN [Abstract] [Full text]

 

Kemal KARABAĞ, Emel TÜTEN SEVİM, Berkant İsmail YILDIZ

DIAGNOSIS OF AVIAN LEUKOSIS VIRUS SUBGROUP J IN ASYMPTOMATIC COMMERCIAL LAYERS USING qPCR [Abstract] [Full text]

 

Mehraj ABBASOV, Sevda BABAYEVA, Afet  Dadash MAMMADOVA, Vusala IZZATULLAYEVA, Khanbala RUSTAMOV, Parviz FATULLAYEV, Sudaba HASANOVA, Elnura JAFAROVA, Elchin HAJIYEV, Ramiz ALIYEV

EVALUATION OF SALT STRESS RESISTANCE IN DIPLOID WHEAT SPECIES [Abstract] [Full text]

Alireza POURMOHAMMAD, Behrouz VAEZI, Askar JOZEYAN, Mohammad Bagher HASSANPOURAGHDAM

GGE BIPLOT ANALYSIS OF GENOTYPE × ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION AND FORAGE YIELD STABILITY IN GRASS PEA (Lathyrus sativus) GENOTYPES [Abstract] [Full text]

 

Nebiye Pelin TURKER and Elvan BAKAR

DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF IRISIN HORMONE IN SKMEL-30 CELLS [Abstract] [Full text]

 

Rajvir KAUR, Rahul KAPOOR, Yogesh VIKAL, AMANDEEP

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF OATS (AVENA SATIVA L.) DIVERSITY: IMPLICATIONS FOR DUAL-PURPOSE BREEDING [Abstract] [Full text] [Supplement]

 

Sayeed A.H. PATEL, Ajmer Singh DHATT, Sat Pal SHARMA, Vinod K. VASHISHT

HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS FOR FRUIT TRAITS IN MELON (Cucumis melo L.) INVOLVING MALE STERILE AND SNAPMELON LINES [Abstract] [Full text]

 

Ana SELAMOVSKA, Elizabeta MISKOSKA-MILEVSKA, Milena TASESKA-GJORGJIJEVSKI, Igor ILJOVSKI

INFLUENCE OF THE GENOTYPE ON THE POLYPHENOLIC COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SOME BERRY FRUITS [Abstract] [Full text]

 

Yasir RIAZ, Muhammad Muddassir ALI, Talha Jalil KHAN, Maryam JAVED, Muhammad IJAZ, Wasim SHEHZAD

ASSESSMENT OF SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISIM rs1888747 IN FRMD3 and rs6930576 IN SASHI1 GENES ON DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY PATIENTS IN PAKISTANI POPULATION [Abstract] [Full text]

 

Ragıp Soner SILME, Marcello ZERBO, Francesco MERCATI, Ali KARATAŞ, Kubilay K. BAŞTAŞ, Francesco CARIMI, Ömür BAYSAL

MOLECULAR TRACKING OF Acidovorax citrulli: UNVEILING PATHOGEN DYNAMICS AND BLOTCH DISEASE OUTBREAKS THROUGH SPECIFIC MARKERS [Abstract] [Full text] [Supplement]

 

Zimere Saiti MUSLIJI and Zoran T. POPOVSKI

Trp64Arg POLYMORPHISM OF THE ß₃-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH OBESITY IN THE YOUNG POPULATION OF NORTH MACEDONIA [Abstract] [Full text]

 

Abolfazl TAHMASEBI and Bakhtiar FATTAHI

DNA BARCODING AND MORPHOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION OF Astragalus IN IRAN: ADVANTAGES TO MOLECULAR APPROACH [Abstract] [Full text]

 

Bojana RISTANOVIĆ, Nataša PEROVIĆ, Violeta Caro PETROVIĆ

REGRESSION BETWEEN BODY WEIGHT OF LAMBS FROM BIRTH TO WEANING IN VARIOUS STRAINS OF SHEEP PRAMENKA  [Abstract] [Full text]

Ashutosh Kumar SRIVASTAVA, Sharwan Kumar SHUKLA, Ashutosh SINGH, Anshuman SINGH, Suruchi JINDAL, Palvi MALIK

BIOCHEMICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF WATERLOGGING TOLERANCE IN ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT OILSEED CROPS RAPESEED, SESAME AND SOYBEAN [Abstract] [Full text]

 

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No1(2024), pp. 1-12

© 2024 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

 

UDC 575. 630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2401001F
Original scientific article

 

 

 

 

EVIDENCE OF EFFICIENT in vitro MICROPROPAGATION FROM BULB SCALES OF STARCH GRAPE HYACINTH (Muscari neglectum Guss. Ex. Ten.)

 

Abdullah FİDA¹, Nurhan KESKİN^2*, Parisa Pourali KAHRİZ³,

Mahsa Pourali KAHRİZ³, Khalid Mahmood KHAWAR⁴

 

 

 

¹Department of Horticulture, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences,Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Van, Türkiye

²Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65080, Van, Türkiye

³Department of Field Crops, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye

⁴Department of Agriculture and Food Hemp Research Institute, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Türkiye

 

Abstract

Fida A., N. Keskin, P. P. Kahriz, M. P. Kahriz, K. M. Khawar (2024). Evıdence of effıcıent in vitro mıcropropagatıon from bulb scales of starch grape hyacınth (Muscari neglectum guss. ex. ten.).- Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 1-12.

Muscari neglectum is a widespread plant species that grows in various areas of the Mediterranean region in the wild. The species has a high potential for use as cut flowers, outdoor or indoor ornamental or garden plants. It is also used as a food, and forage plant on limited scales in rural areas. There is a lack of commercial production protocols for M. neglectum. The development of a fast and efficient protocol for commercial production, may contribute to the economy of Türkiye and improve local people’s quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to develop safe in vitro vegetative propagation techniques using 2, 3, 4, and 5 bulb scale explants on MS medium using 1 mg BAP L^-1 + 0.00, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80, 1.00,1.20 mg NAA L^-1. Any number of bulb scale explants obtained from freshly harvested bulbs were not suitable for micropropagation and developed necrosis. However, any number of bulb scales obtained from 6 weeks of waiting for bulbs did not show the problem. A regeneration percentage of 13.33 to 100% was noted on 2-scale explants. Additionally, 100% callus formation was observed on these scales using MS medium containing 1 mg BAP L^-1 + 0.8, 1.0, and 1.20 mg NAA L^-1 (3 combinations). In addition, 1.93 bulblets with a diameter of 0.97 cm (the largest) were observed on MS medium containing 1 mg BAP L^-1  + 0.4 mg NAA L^-1. Although, 3, 4, and 5 bulb scale explants induced bulblets in variable numbers, the rate of bulblet induction was not at par with bulblet induction on 2 scale explants.  The largest bulblets developed on 2-scale explants were rooted on ½ × MS medium containing 0.5 mg NAA L^-1. The results obtained for micropropagation of M. neglectum species are of great importance for the commercial production of the species.

Keywords: Bulb scales, bulblets, ornamental plants, rooting

 

Corresponding author: Nurhan Keskin,  Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65080, Van, Türkiye, E-mail: keskin@yyu.edu.tr

 

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No. 1 (2024), pp.13-27

© 2024 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

 

 

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/ GENSR2401013D
Original scientific article

 

 

GENETIC ALGORITHM BASED ATTENTION UNET OPTIMIZATION FOR BREAST TUMOR SEGMENTATION

 

S. DHIVYA^1,2* and S. MOHANAVALLI¹

 

¹Department of Information Technology, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, India

²Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiv Nadar University- Chennai, India

 

Abstract

Dhivya S. and S. Mohanavalli (2024). Genetic algorithm based attention UNet optimization for breast tumor segmentation.- Genetika, Vol 55, No.1, 13-27.

As one of the main causes of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide, breast cancer requires better diagnostic techniques that can provide non-invasive, fast, and accurate detection. The World Health Organization (WHO) has a dedicated cancer agency called the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), whose mission is to undertake and coordinate research on cancer causes. Mammography is one of many imaging modalities that is frequently used to find abnormalities. Although automated breast mass segmentation in mammography is vital, the uniform sizes and shapes of tumors make it a difficult process. UNet models have shown a significant segmentation in the medical images. In this study, we propose a prominent genetic algorithm (GA) for the generation of UNet models by selecting the optimal parameters. The experiments involved manually generated architectures, basic UNet model and an attention based UNet, AUNet model with different filter sizes. As a result of the manual approach, the AUNet outperformed the base model and hence the AUNet is considered as the base model for the GA process. The experiments show that the models evolved using GA are simple and are of small architecture. The model yielded a better segmentation of the images and outperformed the manually created UNet models, with dice scores and Intersection over Union (IoU) scores of 91.6% and 89.2%, respectively.

Keywords Convolution Neural Network, Breast cancer, Segmentation, UNet, Genetic Algorithm

 

Corresponding author: S. Dhivya, Departmant of Information Technology, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, India, E-mail: dhivyas@ssn.edu.in

 

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No.1 (2024), pp.29-42

© 2024 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

 

UDC 575. 630.11
https://doi.org/10.2298/ GENSR2401029K

  Original scientific article

 

 

 

DEMONSTRATION THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NDVI WITH GGE BIPLOT MODEL IN DETERMINATION OF HIGH YIELDING DURUM WHEAT

(Triticum durum Desf.) GENOTYPES

 

Mehmet KARAMAN¹, Mehmet YILDIRIM², Cuma AKINCI²

 

¹Mus Alparslan University, Faculty of Applied Sciences,

Department of Plant Production and Technologies. Mus, Türkiye

 ²Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Dicle,

21280 Diyarbakir, Türkiye

 

 

Abstract

Karaman M., M. Yildirim, C. Akinci (2024). Demonstration the effectiveness of NDVI with GGE biplot model in determination of high yielding durum wheat (Triticum durum desf.) genotypes. - Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 29-42.

The use of spectral indices such as normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) is becoming an important element in the evaluation of physiological traits in cereal crops. Determining the correlation between spectral readings taken at different phenological stages of wheat plants and grain yield (GY) is crucial. This study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of NDVI in combination with the GGE biplot model in identifying high yielding durum wheat genotypes. Field experiments were conducted in multiple environments and growth stages to evaluate the relationship between NDVI and grain yield (GY). Twenty-five durum wheat genotypes were tested for two years under rainfed and supplementary irrigation conditions using a split plot experimental design. The results showed significant positive correlations between NDVI and GY, especially at the generative stages under rain-fed conditions. In contrast, NDVI at the grain-filling stage showed a weaker relationship with GY under supplemental irrigation. Genotypes exhibiting high NDVI values up to the stem elongation stage tended to have lower grain yields, emphasizing the importance of considering growth stage dynamics. GGE biplot analysis provided visual information on genotype-trait relationships, helping to identify genotypes with consistent performance in different environments. This study highlights that NDVI can be used to predict yield potential and guide selection in durum wheat breeding programs and the GGE biplot model serves as a valuable tool for genotype evaluation and selection.

Keywords: Durum wheat, greenseeker, GGE biplot, NDVI, yield

               

Corresponding author: Mehmet Karaman, Mus Alparslan University, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Plant Production and Technologies. Mus, Türkiye, email: karaman2178@hotmail.com, phone:+90-530-600-9136; fax: +90-436-231-2201

 

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No1(2024), pp. 43-54

© 2024 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

 

UDC 575.829
https://doi.org/10.2298/ GENSR2401043I

                            Original scientific article

 

 

STEPWISE CANONICAL DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS FOR MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THREE STRAINS OF BROILER CHICKEN

 

U. C. ISAAC*, N. J. OKAFOR, B. C. NWACHUKWU, J. C. ALBERT, C.F. ANIEMENA,

C. A. IGBOKWE

 

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Nnamdi Azikiwe

University, Awka, Nigeria

 

Abstract

Isaac U. C., N. J. Okafor, B. C. Nwachukwu, J. C. Albert, C.F. Aniemena, C. A. Igbokwe (2024). Stepwise canonical discriminant analysis for morphometric characterization of three strains of broiler chicken. - Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 43-54.

Stepwise canonical discriminant analysis of quantitative traits was performed to characterize Arbor Acre (n = 29), Marshall (n = 29) and Ross 308 (n = 30) strains of broiler chicken at two weeks of age. Average body weight of 322.11 ± 51.33 g, 310.70 ± 51.20 g and 310.24 ± 42.37 g were obtained for Arbor Acre, Marshall and Ross 308 strains, respectively. Correlation coefficients between traits was positive (0.13-0.80). Out of the eight traits used, shank length (SL), body length (BL), wing length (WL), breast girth (BG) and thigh circumference (TC) were selected by stepwise procedure as discriminating variables with respective tolerance of 0.75, 0.84, 0.86, 0.57 and 0.66. The Mahalanobis distance indicated that Arbor Acre and Marshall were closely related by SL (2.006), WL (5.704), BG (6.002) and TC (6.314) while Arbor Acre and Ross 308 were related by BL (4.212). Two canonical discriminant functions were generated. Function 1, with smaller Wilk's Lambda (0.15), stronger canonical correlation coefficient (0.88), highly significant Chi-square (p<0.0001), greater eigenvalue (3.14) and percentage variance (87.28%), possessed higher discriminatory power than function 2.72.4%, 82.8% and 90.0% of the cross validated cases were correctly classified as Arbor Acre, Marshall and Ross broilers, respectively. The study revealed that Ross 308 was genetically distinct from Arbor Acre and Marshall, which were more closely related, using shank length, body length, wing length, breast girth and thigh circumference as discriminating traits.  Stepwise canonical discriminant analysis is therefore relevant in classification genetics.

Key words: Broilers, quantitative traits, genetic relationship, classification

 

Corresponding author: U.C. Isaac, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Nnamdi Azikiwe, University, Awka, Nigeria, Phone: +2348064368510. E-mail: ugwumbaisaac@gmail.com

 

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No.1 (2024), pp. 55-62

© 2024Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

 

 

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/ GENSR2401055K
Original scientific article

 

 

DIAGNOSIS OF AVIAN LEUKOSIS VIRUS SUBGROUP J IN ASYMPTOMATIC COMMERCIAL LAYERS USING qPCR

 

 

Kemal KARABAĞ^*1, Emel TÜTEN SEVİM², Berkant İsmail YILDIZ²

 

¹Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye

²Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye

 

 

Abstract

Karabağ K., E. Tüten Sevim, B. İ. Yildiz (2024): Diagnosis of avian leukosis virus subgroup j in asymptomatic commercial layers using qPCR. - Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 55-62.

Avian Leukosis Virus (ALV), one of the dangerous retroviruses threatens the poultry industry, is oncogenic and can easily transmit. Over the past three decades, the poultry industry has been significantly affected by subgroup J (ALV-J) in particular, known for its ability to spread both horizontally and vertically. The fact that a commercial vaccine has not yet been developed against ALV increases the risk potential. For these reasons, positive cases should be identified to control ALV infections and minimize infection. A prompt and accurate diagnosis is vital to detecting infected birds. For this purpose, sampling was performed in total 153 blood samples from 14 different asymptomatic commercial layer farm located in Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye. Herein, the presence, density and prevalence of ALV-J strain and whether it has an oncogenic effect was investigated by qPCR and western blot for the first time in Türkiye. The average contamination rate of ALV-J was calculated as 70.91% over all samples. However, p27 antigen that is the most abundant polypeptide encoded by the gag gene of ALV could not be detected. High prevalence of ALV-J suggests that ALV strains can be found asymptomatically without showing any symptoms.

Keywords: avian leukosis virus, laying hen, prevalence, qPCR, western blot

 

Corresponding author: Kemal Karabağ, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye, Phone: +90 242 227 4700, E-mail: karabag@akdeniz.edu.tr

 

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No. 1(2024), pp. 63-74

© 2024 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

 

 

UDC 575. 630.11
 https://doi.org/10.2298/ GENSR2401063A
Original scientific article

 

 

 

EVALUATION OF SALT STRESS RESISTANCE IN DIPLOID WHEAT SPECIES

 

Mehraj ABBASOV^1,2*, Sevda BABAYEVA¹, Afet  Dadash MAMMADOVA¹,

Vusala IZZATULLAYEVA¹, Khanbala RUSTAMOV¹, Parviz FATULLAYEV³,

Sudaba HASANOVA⁴, Elnura JAFAROVA¹, Elchin HAJIYEV¹ Ramiz ALIYEV¹

 

¹Genetic Resources Institute, Ministry of Science and Education of Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan

²Western Caspian University, Baku, Azerbaijan

³Institute of Bio-resources, Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan

⁴Nakhchivan State University, Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan

 

Abstract

Abbasov Mehraj, S. Babayeva, A.  D. Mammadova, V. Izzatullayeva, K. Rustamov, P. Fatullayev, S. Hasanova, E. Jafarova, E. H. R.Aliyev (2024). Evaluation of salt stress resistance in diploid wheat species. - Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 63-74.

The National Gene Bank of the Genetic Resources Institute of Azerbaijan houses over 2,000 wheat accessions, vital for breeding plants resilient to environmental stresses. This study focuses on comparing the salinity stress resistance of three diploid wheat species: Triticum monococcum L., Triticum boeoticum (L.) Boiss, and Triticum urartu Thum. ex Gandil., comprising 170 accessions from the ICARDA gene bank. Salinity stress resistance was assessed according to the capacity of the genotypes to exclude Na⁺ ions from leaves. A wide variation was observed among accessions for stress response, allowing for classification them into resistant, moderately resistant, and susceptible groups within each species. Analysis revealed differing resistance percentages among species. T. boeoticum had 61% resistant, 20.8% moderately resistant, and 18.2% susceptible accessions. T. monococcum showed 40%, 33.3%, 26.7%, and T. urartu had 23%, 50.6%, 26.4% respectively. Notably, T. boeoticum exhibited greater resistance than T. monococcum and T. urartu, attributed to its wild-growing nature and distinct biomorphological, biochemical, and molecular features. Salt-tolerant accessions are recommended for breeding programs and stored in both the National Gene Bank of Azerbaijan and the ICARDA Gene Bank. These findings highlight the potential of utilizing salt-tolerant accessions, particularly Triticum boeoticum genotypes, in targeted breeding programs to enhance wheat's resilience to salinity stress.

Keywords: salinity stress, tolerance, diploid wheat, sodium exclusion

Corresponding author:  Mehraj Abbasov, Genetic Resources Institute of Ministry of Science and Education of Azerbaijan, Azadlig Ave 155, AZ1106, Baku, Azerbaijan, e-mail: mehraj_genetic@yahoo.com, phone: +994505327819

 

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No1(2024), pp 75-87

© 2024 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

 

 

UDC 575. 630
https://doi.org/10.2298/ GENSR2401075P
Original scientific article

 

 

GGE BIPLOT ANALYSIS OF GENOTYPE × ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION AND FORAGE YIELD STABILITY IN GRASS PEA (Lathyrus sativus) GENOTYPES

 

Alireza POURMOHAMMAD^1*, Behrouz VAEZI², Askar JOZEYAN³, Mohammad Bagher HASSANPOURAGHDAM⁴

 

¹Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran

²Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yasuj, Iran

³Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension, Ilam, Iran

⁴Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran

 

 

Abstract

Pourmohammad A., B. Vaezi, A. Jozeyan, M. B. Hassanpouraghdam (2024). GGE biplot analysis of genotype × environment interaction and forage yield stability of in grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) genotypes. - Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 75-87.

In crop breeding programs, biplot analysis is a well-known statistical method. This study aimed to survey the genotype × environment interaction (GEI) on grass pea genotypes in Iran. The experiment was conducted in twelve environments (four separate sites: Gachsaran, Kuhdasht, Mehran, and Shirvanchardavol) over three sequential years (2017, 2018, and 2019) with sixteen grass pea genotypes. The purpose of this research was to utilize the GGE biplot as a tool to identify the superior genotypes of grass peas. The results for the combined analysis of variance, genotypes, and the GEI revealed a significant impact (p < 0.001) on forage yield. Moreover, genotype × environment interaction responded differently under various climatic conditions. The interaction components evaluated by the biplots revealed the genotypes' predominant effect and the significant genotype × environment interactions (GEI). The first two principal components (PCs) interpreted up to 93.11% of the total variation in the GGE model (PC1 = 53.30%, PC2 = 37.80%). GGE biplot analysis categorized the studied environments into two mega-groups for forage yield. Genotype G11 (Russia) was superior in terms of mean forage yield (5.362 t/ha). The genotypes that performed best in each environment, were genotypes G11 (Russia) and G8 (Bangladesh-I). Among these genotypes, G11 (Russia) was the highest-yielding genotype in the field. The Kohdasht site was the most discerning and representative test environment for crop yield. The selected genotypes are recommended for breeding programs aimed to improve forage yield in the tested sites or similar agroecological areas.

Keywords: GGE biplot, multi-environment trial (MET), stability analysis

 

Corresponding author: Alireza Pourmohammad, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran, E-mail: pourmohammad@ymail.com

 

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No.1 (2024), pp.89-101

© 2024 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

 

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/ GENSR2401089T
Original scientific article

 

 

 

DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF IRISIN HORMONE IN SKMEL-30 CELLS

 

Nebiye Pelin TURKER^1*and Elvan BAKAR²

 

^1*Technology Research Development Application and Research Center (TÜTAGEM),

Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey

² Faculty of Farmacy, Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey

 

Abstract

Turker P. N. and E. Bakar (2024). Determination of the effects of Irisin hormone in skmel-30 cells. - Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 89-101.

Melanocytes, the skin's pigment-producing cells, are the source of the skin cancer known as melanoma. Numerous variables, including as immune system interactions, tumor microenvironment, and genetic alterations, have an impact on the development and behavior of melanoma. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the impact of irisin on melanoma cells. The molecular effects of irisin SKMEL-30 on human melanoma cancer cells were examined for this aim. By using MTT technique, the effects of irisin on cell growth were examined. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to examine changes in gene expression level. The concentrations of sialic acid were measured using spectrophotometry. In the investigation, the irisin IC50 value for a 24-hour application was determined to be 30 nM. In comparison to the control group, sialic acid levels in the irisin-treated group of SKMEL-30 cells were significantly lower. In the qRT-PCR investigation, ST8SIA-2, one of the glycosyltransferase genes, increased 12.591-fold in the application group whereas cas8, one of the apoptotic genes, increased 82.481-fold. In conclusion, flow cytometry analyses proved that administration of 30 nM irisin to SKMEL-30 cells influences cell proliferation but does not cause apoptosis. It was shown that sialic acid substitution reduced the proliferative and metastatic potential of SKMEL-30 cells.

Keywords: SKMEL-30, Melanoma, Sialic Acid, Sialiltransferase, MTT

 

Corresponding author: Nebiye Pelin Turker, Technology Research Development Application and Research Center (TÜTAGEM), Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey,  Phone: +90 (544) 266 99 92, E-mail: npelinturker@trakya.edu.tr

 

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No. 1(2024), pp. 103-120

© 2024 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

UDC 575.630.111
https://doi.org/10.2298/ GENSR2401103K
Original scientific article

 

 

 

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF OATS (Avena sativa L.) DIVERSITY: IMPLICATIONS FOR DUAL-PURPOSE BREEDING

 

 

Rajvir KAUR¹, Rahul KAPOOR¹, Yogesh VIKAL², AMANDEEP^1*

 

¹Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, India

²School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, India

 

Abstract

Kaur R., R. Kapoor, Y. Vikal, Amandeep (2024). Molecular characterization of oats (Avena sativa L.) diversity: implications for dual-purpose breeding - Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 103-120.

Oat (Avena sativa L.) is one of the world's healthiest and gluten-free grains that are packed with essential vitamins, minerals, fiber, and antioxidants. It is also one of the most important cereal fodder crops. The present study was conducted from 2016 to 2018 and morphological and molecular diversity was analyzed for dual-purpose oat based on ten fodder and eight grain traits among 96 oats accessions including four wild accessions (A. vavilioviana, Guiena oats, A. maroccana and A. sterilis) collected from various eco-geographical regions of India. Thirty-one out of one hundred seventy (18%) simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers detected polymorphism among the 96 oat accessions with average polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.47. A total of 100 alleles were detected with an average of 3.2 alleles per primer. The molecular diversity analysis grouped all the 96 germplasm lines into two major clusters, ‘A’ and ‘B’. The similarity coefficients ranged from 0.37 to 1. The genotypic pairs viz; UPO 276: SKO 315 (46%); SKO 314: OL-125 (46%); SKO 314: OS 363 (49%); SKO 314: UPO 032 (49%) exhibited least genetic similarity and these pairs can be potentially used as parents to conduct various mapping studies and further contributing to the oat breeding community. Moreover, 6 accessions (JHO-2001-1, JHO-99-2, OL 1635, SKO 27, UPO 093 and OS329) had been identified which were superior to OL-10 (best check in the northwest India) for fodder as well as grain yield. This study showed the opportunity of utilizing SSR markers with morphological characteristics to breed for dual purpose oats.

Keywords: Breeding, cluster analysis, dual-purpose, genetic diversity, and simple sequence repeats

 

Corresponding author: Amandeep, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, India Tel: +91-8295678455, E-mail: mirokaman24496@gmail.com

 

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No.1 (2024), pp. 121-141

© 2024 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

 

 

                                         UDC 575.630
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2401121P
Original scientific article

 

 

 

 

HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS FOR FRUIT TRAITS IN MELON

(Cucumis melo L.) INVOLVING MALE STERILE AND SNAPMELON LINES

 

Sayeed A.H. PATEL*, Ajmer Singh DHATT, Sat Pal SHARMA, Vinod K. VASHISHT

 

Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana, Ludhiana, India

 

 

Abstract

Patel A.H. Sayeed, A. S. Dhatt, S. P. Sharma, V. K. Vashisht (2024). Heterosis and combining ability analysis for fruit traits in melon (Cucumis melo L.) involving male sterile and snapmelon lines - Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 121-141.

Ten melon accessions including eight resistant lines involving one snapmelon line (Cucumismelo var. momordica) and two susceptible lineswith one genetic male sterile line were crossed to generate 45 F₁’s through half-dialleldesign. These genotypes wereevaluated for yield, quality and disease resistance traits in randomized block design with three replication. Pooled ANOVA for experimental design revealed significant mean squares due to environments except for β-carotene and TSS of juice and, treatment × environment except for fruit shape index and TSS of juice.The GCA estimates showed that parentsPunjab Sunehri was a good combiner for seed cavity area (-8.80), flesh thickness (0.12), rind thickness (0.42), firmness (0.61), dry matter (1.02) and β carotene (0.80) while SM-2012-12 for fruit yield (4.74), number of fruits vine^-1(3.43), average fruit weight (0.06) and fusarium wilt incidence (-0.51) whereas, KP₄HM-15 was good for average fruit weight (0.01), days to first fruit ripening (-2.31), TSS (1.21), pH (0.13), titrable acidity (-3.13), ascorbic acid content (5.89) and β-carotene (0.06). The heterobeltosis ranged from -87.2 to 927.08% for the yield and quality traits whereas for fusarium wilt incidence has -100 to 69.23%.The study offers an opportunity for transferring fusarium wilt incidence into superior horticultural genotype. Hybrids KP₄HM-15 × Kajri Sel. 1, Kajri Sel.1 × MM-202 and MM-314 × KP₄HM-15 were identified as promising on the basis of phenotypic performance, SCA effects and resistance to fusarium wilt disease. These hybrids can be evaluated further at multilocation to assess their suitability for commercial release.

Keywords: Muskmelon, Cucumismelo var. momordica, Fusarium wilt screening, heterobeltosis

 

Corresponding author: Sayeed A.H. Patel, Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana, Ludhiana, India,  E-mail: sayeed-coavc@pau.edu

 

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No. 1(2024), pp. 143-155

© 2024 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

 

 

UDC 575. 630
https://doi.org/10.2298/ GENSR2401143S
Original scientific article

 

 

INFLUENCE OF THE GENOTYPE ON THE POLYPHENOLIC COMPOSITION

AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SOME BERRY FRUITS

 

Ana SELAMOVSKA ¹, Elizabeta MISKOSKA-MILEVSKA ², Milena TASESKA-GJORGJIJEVSKI *¹,

 Igor ILJOVSKI²

 

¹Institute of Agriculture, “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” University, Skopje, R. North Macedonia,

    ²Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food – Skopje, “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” University, Skopje, R. North Macedonia

 

Abstract

Selamovska A., E. Miskoska-Milevska, M. Taseska-Gjorgjijevski, I.Iljovski (2024). Influence of the genotype on the polyphenolic composition and antioxidant activity of some berry fruits- Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 143-155.

The objective of this study was to analyze the content of vitamin C, total phenols, total anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols and antioxidant activity in fruits of five berry fruit species: blackcurrant variety “Rosenthal”, white mulberry local ecotype, black chokeberry variety “Viking”, blackberry variety “Thornfree” and pomegranate autochthonous variety “Karamustafa”.  Determination of vitamin C was performed by classical analytical method. Total phenols, total anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols and antioxidant activity were analysed by spectrophotometric methods. The obtained results from the analysis for berry fruits showed high antioxidant activity, over 70% and high content of polyphenols. According to the genotype, black chokeberry had the highest content of total phenols (23.9 mg g^-1 FW (fresh weight), anthocyanins (6.1 mg g^-1 FW) and flavan-3-ols (2.8 mg g^-1 FW). Blackcurrant had highest content of vitamin C (216.0 mg 100 g^-1 FW) and antioxidant activity (86.2% inhibition).A positive correlation was found among all the studied fruit species. A strong positive correlation of vitamin C with antioxidant activity was determined, as well as between total phenols and total anthocyanins, i.e. flavan-3-ols. A weak negative correlation was only observed for catechin in relation to vitamin C, inhibitory antioxidant activity and vitamin C antioxidant activity.

Keywords: genotype, berry fruits, vitamin C, polyphenols, antioxidant activity

 

Corresponding author: Milena Taseska-Gjorgjijevski, Institute of Agriculture, “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” University, Skopje, R. North Macedonia, e-mail: milenataseska2005@yahoo.com; tel: +389 75 462 403

 

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No1(2024), pp157-167

© 2024 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

 

UDC 575.

 https://doi.org/10.2298/ GENSR2401157R
Original scientific paper

 

 

ASSESSMENT OF SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISIM rs1888747 IN FRMD3 and rs6930576 IN SASHI1 GENES ON DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY PATIENTS IN PAKISTANI POPULATION

 

Yasir RIAZ¹, Muhammad Muddassir ALI^1*, Talha Jalil KHAN¹, Maryam JAVED¹,

Muhammad IJAZ², Wasim SHEHZAD¹

 

¹Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan

²Department of veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan

 

Abstract

Riaz Y., M. M. Ali, T. J. Khan, M. Javed, M. Ijaz, W. Shehzad (2024). Assessment of single nucleotide polymorphisim rs1888747 in FRMD3 and rs6930576 in SASHI1 genes on diabetic nephropathy patients in Pakistani population- Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 157-167

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the major complication of type I and II diabetes. This condition then eventually leads to end stage renal disease (ESRD). It is commonly observed that there is close association between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and DN. Studies have also evaluated the significant association of SNPs at FRMD3 and SASH1 locus with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). To find out the same association in Pakistani population, we conducted a study with the aim to characterize the genomic polymorphism in FRMD3 and SASH1gene. For this purpose, 30 blood samples were collected from the Mayo hospital Lahore, Pakistan, of which 20 samples were included study group (of DN patients) and 10 samples were of control group (of healthy individuals). After sample collection, DNA was extracted through organic method. Gel electrophoresis (2%) was done for quantitative and qualitative analysis. Samples amplified through PCR were then sequenced and phylogenetic tree was constructed to perform gene comparison in different organisms. The results of our study showed that SNP rs1888747 in FRMD3 is associated with DN but SNP rs6930576 in SASH1 is not associated with diabetic nephropathy in Pakistan. These two risk allele expression did not differ considerably in case and control groups respectively. It is suggested that the genetic predisposition of Pakistani population of diabetes differs considerably to Japanese and European population. Therefore, further studies need to be conducted with more number of patients in Pakistan to find out the stronger association between these SNPs and Diabetic nephropathy.

Keywords: Diabetic Nephropathy, SNP r1888747, SNP rs6930576, FRMD3, SASH1

 

Corresponding author: Muhammad Muddassir Ali, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan, E-mail: Muddassir.ali@uvas.edu.pk

 

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No. 1(2024), pp.169-185

© 2024Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

UDC 575.

https://doi.org/10.2298/ GENSR2401169S
Original scientific article

 

 

MOLECULAR TRACKING OF Acidovorax citrulli: UNVEILING PATHOGEN DYNAMICS AND BLOTCH DISEASE OUTBREAKS THROUGH SPECIFIC MARKERS

 

Ragıp Soner SILME¹⁺, Marcello ZERBO², Francesco MERCATI², Ali KARATA޳,

Kubilay K. BAŞTAŞ⁴, Francesco CARIMI², Ömür BAYSAL^5,6*+

 

¹Center for Research and Practice in Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Istanbul University, Fatih-Istanbul, Türkiye

²National Research Council, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (IBBR), Palermo, Italy

³Biological Control Research Institute, Kışla Street, Yüreğir/Adana, Türkiye

⁴Selçuk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Konya, Türkiye

⁵Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Molecular Microbiology Unit, Kötekli-Muğla, 48121, Türkiye

⁶Molecular Plant and Microbial Biosciences Research Unit (MPMB-RU), University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, Worcester, WR2 6AJ, United Kingdom

 

 

Abstract

Silme S. R., M. Zerbo, F. Mercati, A.Karataş, K. K. Baştaş, F. Carimi, Ö.Baysal (2024). Molecular tracking of Acidovorax citrulli: Unveiling pathogen dynamics and blotch disease outbreaks through specific markers.- Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 169-185.

Acidovorax citrulli (Ac), a gram-negative bacterium, is the causal agent of bacterial fruit blotch (BFB), which poses a significant threat to cucurbit crop production worldwide. Understanding the genetic diversity of Ac is crucial for identifying sources of resistance and implementing effective disease management strategies. In this study, we conducted the first genetic characterization of Ac strains collected in Turkey using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. These markers were selected based on repetitive domains mapped on the complete reference genome sequence of Acidovorax citrulli strain NWB SC196. The identity of the Turkish strains was confirmed through molecular (PCR) and serological (Immunofluorescence test and ELISA) methods, while the selected ISSRs, which exhibited similarity to flanked regions in the pathogen's whole genome sequence, were employed to assess the genetic diversity among Ac strains. We compared the profiles of Turkish strains with those of a collection of Ac strains from various countries, including the US, to explore a possible common origin. Specifically, we considered the dissemination of these strains through rootstocks used for grafted seedling production (Cucurbita maxima × Cucurbita moschata). The results demonstrated a shared genetic profile, suggesting a potential link between Ac strains collected in Turkey and foreign strains. The Mauve analysis, utilizing whole genome sequences of various Ac strains available in the NCBI database, displayed similar clustering patterns to those obtained using our selected molecular markers, confirming the discriminatory efficiency of our method. Based on the high discriminatory power of the selected markers, our proposed method offers a rapid and straightforward approach for genetic analysis of intraspecific variation and monitoring Ac gene flow across countries. The characterized strains and markers presented in this study serve as valuable resources and reference materials for further genetic investigations and tracking contamination sources associated with Ac.

Keywords: Acidovorax, bacterial blotch, Cucurbitaceae, genetic characterisation, molecular markers, whole genome comparison

 

Corresponding author Ömür Baysal, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Molecular Microbiology Unit, Kötekli-Muğla, 48121, Türkiye, tel: +90 252 211 32 40, E-mail: omurbaysal@mu.edu.tr; o.baysal@worc.ac.uk

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No1(2024), pp. 187-193

© 2024 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

 

 

UDC 575.

https://doi.org/10.2298/ GENSR2401187M 
Original scientific article

 

 

 

Trp64Arg POLYMORPHISM OF THE ß₃-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH OBESITY IN THE YOUNG POPULATION OF NORTH MACEDONIA

 

Zimere Saiti MUSLIJI¹ and Zoran T. POPOVSKI^2*

 

¹Faculty of Technology, Mother Teresa University, Skopje, North Macedonia

²Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, North Macedonia

 

Abstract

Musliji S. Z. and Z. T. Popovski (2024). Trp64Arg polymorphism of the ß₃-adrenergic receptor and its association with obesity in the young population of North Macedonia.- Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 187-193.

The pandemic surge of obesity is becoming a concern for civilization. Genetic factors play an important role in obesity. The polymorphism of the beta3-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB3), whose protein is located mainly in adipose tissue, has been associated with body weight disorders and obesity. The relationship between the ADRB3 polymorphism and BMI has been controversial. Our research examines the impact of the Trp64Arg polymorphism in the ADRB3 gene on anthropometric and biochemical parameters. Analyzing data from 110 young North Macedonians, we employed PCR-RFLP genotyping alongside biochemical and anthropometric assessments. Obesity was measured using the body mass index (BMI), and weight groups were determined according to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Significant associations emerged between ADRB3 genotypes and crucial biochemical parameters—glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels. P-values of 0.013, 0.011, and 0.025, respectively, indicate a potential correlation between specific genotypes and variations in these metabolic markers. This pioneering study sheds light on ADRB3's role in metabolic health, offering potential for personalized interventions and emphasizing the need for further research in the North Macedonian population.

Keywords: obesity, ADRB3 gene, polymorphism, anthropometry, biochemistry

 

orrespondin author: Zoran Popovski, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, North Macedonia, E-mail:  zoran_popovski@yahoo.com,

Phone number: 00389 70 252 731

 

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No. 1(2024), pp. 195-211

© 2024 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

 

UDC 575.630

https://doi.org/10.2298/ GENSR2401195R
Original scientific article

 

 

DNA BARCODING AND MORPHOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION OF Astragalus

IN IRAN: ADVANTAGES TO MOLECULAR APPROACH

 

Abolfazl TAHMASEBI¹ and Bakhtiar FATTAHI²

 

¹Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad, Iran

²Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment Engineering, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran

 

Abstract

Tahmasebi A. and B. Fattahi (2024). DNA barcoding and morphological identification of Astragalus in Iran: Advantages to molecular approach.- Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 195-211.

Astragalus is a crucial forage plant in the rangelands of northeastern Iran. However, identifying different species of Astragalus can be challenging due to their overlapping morphological features. In this study, we aimed to determine the relationships between 12 Astragalus species using both morphological and molecular traits. We also evaluated the effectiveness of DNA barcoding as a tool for identifying rangeland species of Astragalus in Northeast Iran. We examined five DNA barcodes, including three cpDNA regions (trnH-psbA, rpl32-trnL_(UAG), and matK) and two nuclear sequences (ITS and ETS). We found that the plastid markers (rpl32-trnL_(UAG, matK) were the most effective in differentiating between species. We also found that morphological data, as represented by the Neighbor-Net network and UPGMA dendrogram, had the potential to separate Astragalus species. We identified matK as the best and most accurate marker for barcoding, as trnH-psbA had some defects due to sequence size and alignment issues. Our study highlights the importance of using barcoding for quick and accurate recognition of plant species and shows the plastid markers were the most effective in differentiating between species.

Keywords: barcode, phylogeny, rangeland, species delimitation

 

Corresponding author: Abolfazl Tahmasebi, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad, Iran.  E-mail address: ab_tahmasebi@gonbad.ac.ir

 

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No. 1(2024), pp. 213-220

© 2024 Serbian Genetics Society

S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/ GENSR2401213R
Original scientific article

 

 

REGRESSION BETWEEN BODY WEIGHT OF LAMBS FROM BIRTH TO WEANING IN VARIOUS STRAINS OF SHEEP PRAMENKA

 

Bojana RISTANOVIĆ¹, Nataša PEROVIĆ², Violeta Caro PETROVIĆ³

 

¹Faculty of Agriculture - Krusevac, University of Nis, Krusevac, Serbia

²  Faculty of Business Economics and Law, “Adriatic” University Bar, Bar, Montenegro

³ Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade, Zemun, Serbia

 

Abstract

 

Ristanović B., N. Perović, V. Caro Petrović (2024). Regression between body weight of lambs from birth to weaning in various strains of sheep Pramenka.- Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 213-220.

The result of the multiple regression coefficient (R) have the following values: 0.582 in the Pirot race, 0.499 in the Svrljiska race, 0.610 in the Sjenica race and 0.580 in the Sharplanina race. The coefficient of multiple determination (R2) had the following values: 0.339 in Pirot, 0.249 in Svrljiska, 0.372 in Sjenica and 0.337 in Sharplanina sheep. It follows from this that according to the order of genotypes shown, 33.9%; 24.4%; 36.8%; and 33.2% of the variance of the body weight of lambs at 90 days, determined by the variance of the set of the following variables: PI, SV, SJ, SP- at 60, 30 and 1 day. The adjusted coefficient of multiple determination (Adjusted R2) had the following values: 0.335 in Pirot, 0.244 in Svrljiska, 0.368 in Sjenica and 0.332 in young Sharplanina sheep. From this it follows that according to the order of genotypes shown, 33.5%; 24.4%; 36.8% and 33.2% of the variance of the body weight of lambs at 90 days, determined by the variance of a set of predictor variables: PI, SV, SJ, SP- at 60, 30 and 1 day.

Keywords: pramenka sheep, body weight, regression

 

Corresponding author: Bojana Ristanović, Faculty of Agriculture - Kruševac, University of Niš, Kosanciceva 7, 37000 Kruševac, Serbia. Е-mail: bojana.ristanovic@yahoo.com

 

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 56, No. 1(2024), pp. 221-241

© 2024 Serbian Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun

Serbia

UDC 575.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR2401121S
Review article

                                                                                 

 

 

BIOCHEMICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF WATERLOGGING TOLERANCE IN ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT OILSEED CROPS RAPESEED, SESAME AND SOYBEAN

 

Ashutosh Kumar SRIVASTAVA¹, Sharwan Kumar SHUKLA¹, Ashutosh SINGH¹, Anshuman SINGH¹, Suruchi JINDAL² and Palvi MALIK*^3,4

 

¹Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi, India 284003

²Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India 144411

³M/s CropGeneX, Ludhiana

⁴Gurdev Singh Khush Institute of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, India 141004

 

Abstract

 

Srivastava A., S. K. Shukla, A. Singh, A. Singh, S. Jindal, P. Malik (2024). Biochemical, physiological and molecular aspects of waterlogging tolerance in economically important oilseed crops rapeseed, sesame and soybean.- Genetika, Vol 56, No.1, 221-241.

Climate change poses a significant threat to agricultural sustainability. As the frequency of heavy rainfall has increased globally, waterlogging has become a pressing global issue that has a significant impact on the growth and development of oilseed crops. Due to decreased aerobic respiration in the rhizosphere, various physiological processes, including metabolic reactions, hormone production, and signaling cascades, are adversely impacted by waterlogging. These physiological changes impair reproductive health, resulting in decreased oilseed crop yields. In response to waterlogging, the most common resistance mechanisms developed by crop plants are development of aerenchyma, adventitious roots, and radial oxygen loss barrier. Consequently, the identification and selection of parents with resistance mechanisms, as well as their incorporation into breeding programmes, are essential for sustaining crop production. Thus, a better understanding of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms during waterlogging followed by identification of underlying key regulatory molecules would greatly facilitate the oilseed breeding programs. This review systematically summarizes the response of crop plants to waterlogging through adaptations and the strategies for introduction of waterlogging resistance in oilseed crops.

Keywords: adventitious roots, aerenchyma, reactive oxygen species, signalling molecules, waterlogging tolerance

 

Corresponding author: Palvi Malik, Ph.D.,Gurdev Singh Khush Institute of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, India,palvimalik@pau.edu, +91-8283019470

 

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